A kind of anti-blocking screen material pipe of phosphoric acid phosphorus ammonium outer loop reactor

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of phosphorus ammonium outer loop reactor's anti-blocking screening material pipe, it is related to the field of phosphorus ammonium crystal screening, including circulating screening box and circulating pipeline, circulating pipeline includes pressurizing pipe, circulating pipe, feed pipe and circulating pump, one end of pressurizing pipe is connected circulating screening box, screen plate is arranged in circulating screening box, circulating screening box is connected with circulating pipe, circulating pipe is used to connect reaction kettle, circulating pump is connected with reaction kettle by feed pipe in the side wall of pressurizing pipe, one end of pressurizing pipe is provided with broken material mechanism, broken material mechanism includes moving cylinder, locking pipe and hollow broken material pipe, one end of moving cylinder is slidably inserted into pressurizing pipe, hollow broken material pipe is rotatably arranged in moving cylinder, broken material cone is fixedly sleeved on hollow broken material pipe, broken material cone is connected with broken material cone on one end of locking pipe, the side wall of broken material cone is slidably provided with a plurality of locking nails, so that the precipitation content of phosphorus ammonium crystal is higher, and the recovery rate of phosphorus ammonium material is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ammonium phosphate crystal screening, in particular to a clogging-preventing screening material pipe of an ammonium phosphate external loop reactor. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the industrial production of ammonium phosphate (such as monoammonium phosphate MAP and diammonium phosphate DAP), the external loop reactor is the core equipment for realizing continuous and efficient reaction, and its complete working process needs to be carried out around the four key links of "raw material reaction-forced circulation-heat removal temperature control-crystal precipitation": first, liquid phosphoric acid (the concentration is usually 45%-55% P2O5) and vaporized ammonia are respectively sent into the reaction kettle, and the neutralization reaction is completed in the kettle (H3PO4 first reacts with NH3 to generate MAP, and then MAP reacts with NH3 to generate DAP); then, the circulating pump drives the slurry containing unreacted raw materials and ammonium phosphate crystals into the external circulation pipeline, and the temperature of the slurry is controlled by the heat exchanger in the pipeline (the temperature of the slurry is stabilized at 60-70℃, so as to avoid ammonia volatilization and crystal caking); finally, the temperature-adjusted slurry returns to the reaction kettle, and as the reaction continues, the concentration of ammonium phosphate in the slurry gradually increases and reaches a supersaturated state, and finally ammonium phosphate crystals are precipitated, which need to be separated from the slurry, a part of which is transported to the subsequent granulation or drying process as qualified products, and another part of which can be returned to the reaction kettle as crystal seeds to promote the uniform growth of new crystals, so that crystal screening becomes a key link connecting the reaction process and product recovery.

[0003] However, in the existing screening and slurry conveying system for the outer-loop reactor, there are still two core technical pain points in practical applications, which seriously restrict the production efficiency and material utilization rate. The screening function of the existing system mostly relies on "single-time fixed screening", that is, only a screening plate with a fixed aperture is set at the end of the circulation pipeline (such as before the slurry discharge port) to screen the slurry once. This design has obvious defects: on the one hand, the crystal particle size distribution in the ammonium phosphate slurry is uneven. In addition to the qualified crystals with the target particle size (usually 0.5-1.0 mm), there are also a large number of coarse crystals with a particle size greater than 1.5 mm (overgrown or slightly adhered); single screening can only intercept the coarse crystals, and the fine crystals will be directly sent back to the reaction kettle with the slurry, and the content of the target particle size is small, resulting in the crystal seed content returned to the reaction kettle not meeting the regeneration requirements. On the other hand, among the coarse crystals intercepted by single screening, about 30%-40% are "utilizable qualified crystals" (only forming coarse aggregates due to slight adhesion). The existing system does not crush them, but directly discharges the coarse crystals as "waste", resulting in the need to further improve the recovery rate of ammonium phosphate materials and significantly increasing the raw material cost. Secondly, during the ammonium phosphate crystallization and slurry conveying process, the pressurized pipe, as the core power section of the outer circulation pipeline, undertakes the functions of "raising the slurry pressure and ensuring the circulation flow rate", and is extremely prone to blockage. The fundamental reason is that the supersaturation of the slurry in the crystallization stage is prone to abnormal conditions due to temperature fluctuations or local violent reactions (such as a sudden increase in ammonia input), resulting in the rapid attachment and accumulation of ammonium phosphate crystals on the inner wall of the pressurized pipe. At the initial stage, a thin layer of crystals is formed, and it gradually thickens and adheres to each other with the flow of the slurry, eventually forming a hard agglomerate and blocking the flow channel of the pressurized pipe. The existing countermeasures completely rely on manual dredging during shutdown. When the blockage of the pressurized pipe causes the circulation flow rate to drop by more than 30%, the operation of the entire outer-loop reactor needs to be suspended, the flanges at both ends of the pressurized pipe are disassembled, and the agglomerates in the pipe are cleaned manually using tools such as steel bars and high-pressure water guns. The single dredging takes a long time, not only interrupting continuous production, but also having the risk of slurry leakage. At the same time, the manual operation intensity is high and the safety is low, further increasing the production management cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an anti-blocking screening and feeding pipe for an outer-loop reactor of phosphoric acid ammonium to solve the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an anti-clogging screening feed pipe for an external circulation reactor of ammonium phosphate, comprising a circulating screening box and a circulating pipeline. The circulating pipeline includes a pressurizing pipe, a circulating pipe, a feed pipe, and a circulating pump. One end of the pressurizing pipe is connected to the circulating screening box, which contains a screening plate. The circulating pipe is connected to the circulating screening box and is used to connect to the reactor. The side wall of the pressurizing pipe is connected to the circulating pump through the feed pipe. The circulating pump is connected to the reactor through a pipeline. The pressurizing pipe is located away from the circulating screening box. One end is provided with a crushing mechanism, which includes a movable column, a locking tube, and a hollow crushing tube. One end of the movable column slides into the pressurizing tube, and the hollow crushing tube rotates through the movable column. A crushing cone is fixedly mounted on the hollow crushing tube. One end of the locking tube passes through the hollow crushing tube and is connected to a crushing cone. Multiple locking pins slide through the side wall of the crushing cone. The locking pins have the freedom to move radially along the crushing cone. The locking pins are used to penetrate into the ammonium phosphate crystal and lock the ammonium phosphate crystal, and then the crushing cone breaks the ammonium phosphate crystal.

[0006] Furthermore, the locking tube is hollow, and a locking cavity is opened at one end of the material crushing cone connected to the locking tube. One end of the locking pin extends into the locking cavity and is fixed with a driving block. A push rod is slidably arranged inside the locking tube. A wedge-shaped surface is provided at one end of the driving block near the push rod. The wedge-shaped surface is located on the moving path of the push rod. A pushing hydraulic rod is installed on the side wall of the locking tube. The telescopic shaft of the pushing hydraulic rod is connected to a chuck. An annular groove is opened on the side wall of the push rod, and the chuck is inserted into the annular groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the crushing mechanism also includes a support frame. The end of the movable column away from the crushing cone and the end of the locking tube away from the crushing cone are both movably mounted on the support frame. It also includes a docking and switching mechanism, which includes a pressure plate, a docking plate, and a limiting plate. The limiting plate is mounted on the support frame and has a through hole for the locking tube to pass through. Multiple limiting rods are arranged around the circumference of the through hole. One end of the limiting rod is slidably connected to the limiting plate, and the other end is fixed with a friction limiting block. The pressure plate and the docking plate are respectively fitted onto the locking tube and the hollow crushing tube. A docking assembly is provided on the end face of the pressure plate near the docking plate. The docking assembly includes a docking seat and a plug rod. The docking seat is fixedly connected to the pressure plate, and the plug rod is slidably mounted on the docking seat. A plug hole is provided on the side wall of the docking plate, and one end of the plug rod is inserted into the plug hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the docking seat has an installation groove at one end near the center of the pressure plate, an electromagnet is installed in the installation groove, one end of the plug rod is inserted into the installation groove and connected to a permanent magnet, the electromagnet generates magnetic poles with the same magnetism as the permanent magnet when energized, and a spring is provided in the installation groove, the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the docking seat and the plug rod.

[0009] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is installed on the pressure plate, the pressure detection shaft of the pressure sensor is located on the moving path of the docking plate, and an electro-hydraulic slip ring is fitted on the locking tube.

[0010] Furthermore, a drive disk is rotatably mounted on the limiting disk, the drive disk being coaxial with the limiting disk. The drive disk has multiple arc-shaped grooves on its circumference, extending towards the center of the drive disk. Each arc-shaped groove corresponds to a multiple limiting rod. A guide shaft is fitted inside the arc-shaped groove, and the guide shaft is fixedly connected to the limiting rod. A crank is fixed to the side wall of the drive disk. A drive hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the support frame, the cylinder body of the drive hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the support frame, and the telescopic shaft of the drive hydraulic cylinder is connected to the crank.

[0011] Furthermore, a motor is installed on the movable column, the output shaft of the motor is connected to a drive pulley, a driven pulley is fitted on the hollow crushing tube, the drive pulley is connected to the driven pulley via a synchronous belt drive, a crushing hydraulic cylinder is installed on the support frame, and the telescopic shaft of the crushing hydraulic cylinder is connected to the movable column.

[0012] Furthermore, the crushing cone includes a frustum portion and a cylindrical portion. One end of the cylindrical portion is fixedly connected to the large-diameter end of the frustum portion. A first helical blade is fixed on the frustum portion, and a second helical blade is fixedly fitted on the cylindrical portion.

[0013] Furthermore, a secondary crushing space is formed between the crushing cone and the moving column. A secondary crushing assembly is provided in the secondary crushing space. The secondary crushing assembly includes a crushing shaft and an eccentric crushing blade. Multiple crushing shafts are rotatably mounted on the moving column. The multiple crushing shafts are arranged around the circumference of the hollow crushing tube. An eccentric crushing blade is fixedly fitted on the crushing shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, a collection box is fixed to the side wall of the circulating screening box, the screening plate is installed obliquely inside the circulating screening box, the bottom end of the screening plate passes through the collection box, the bottom of the collection box is open, a discharge base plate is hinged to the bottom of the collection box, a discharge hydraulic cylinder is provided on the side wall of the collection box, the cylinder body of the discharge hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the collection box, and the telescopic shaft of the discharge hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the discharge base plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] 1. The circulating screening box and the reactor form a closed loop through the circulating pipe. Although fine crystals with a particle size of less than 0.3 mm in the slurry cannot be directly used as qualified products, they can be returned to the reactor through the circulating pipe with the slurry. As subsequent crystallization occurs, they gradually form the target crystals. Compared with the problem of fine crystals "dissolving upon returning to the reactor" in the prior art, this invention enables fine crystals to stably adhere to the surface of the newly formed crystals through a stable slurry circulation flow rate and temperature environment, becoming "auxiliary seed crystals" to promote uniform crystal growth, avoid the dissolution and waste of fine crystals, and improve the particle size consistency of the new crystals.

[0017] 2. When the precipitated crystals are generally larger than 1.5mm, the large-diameter crystals are crushed by a crushing mechanism to break them into smaller-diameter crystals, thereby increasing the content of the target crystals. Crystals larger than 1.5mm are screened out by a sieve plate, while crystals smaller than 1.5mm enter the reactor for circulation to assist in seed crystal growth, resulting in a higher content of ammonium phosphate crystals and improving the recovery rate of ammonium phosphate materials.

[0018] 3. As the cyclic crystallization reaction proceeds, crystals will continuously precipitate inside the pressurized pipe. These crystals will combine to form large crystal clumps, gradually clogging the pressurized pipe. First, a crushing cone is inserted into the large crystal clumps, then a locking pin is inserted to hold the crystal. Finally, a rotating crushing cone is used to crush the large crystal clumps. This process clears the pressurized pipe and increases the content of the target crystal, achieving online unblocking and avoiding downtime that could affect production. At the same time, the synergistic design of circulating screening, directional crushing, and seed crystal return effectively prevents large crystal clumps from being pushed forward by the crushing cone, thus preventing the risk of crystal accumulation and increased blockage. It also improves the recovery rate of ammonium phosphate. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-clogging screening feed pipe of an external circulation reactor for ammonium phosphate according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing mechanism in the anti-clogging screening feed pipe of an external circulation reactor for ammonium phosphate according to the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing mechanism in the anti-clogging screening feed pipe of an external circulation reactor for ammonium phosphate according to the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0024] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crushing mechanism in the anti-clogging screening feed pipe of an external circulation reactor for ammonium phosphate according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view at point C;

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged view at point D;

[0027] Figure 9 for Figure 6 Enlarged view at point E in the middle;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the circulating screening box in the anti-clogging screening feed pipe of the ammonium phosphate external circulation reactor of the present invention;

[0029] In the diagram, 1-circulating screening box, 2-pressurizing pipe, 3-circulating pipe, 4-feeding pipe, 5-circulating pump, 6-screening plate, 7-moving column, 8-locking pipe, 9-hollow crushing pipe, 10-crushing cone, 11-breaking cone, 12-locking pin, 13-locking cavity, 14-drive block, 15-push rod, 16-wedge surface, 17-push hydraulic rod, 18-support frame, 19-pressure plate, 20-connecting plate, 21-limiting plate, 22-through hole, 23-limiting rod, 24-friction limiting block, 25-connecting seat, 26-insertion rod, 27-insertion hole, 28-mounting groove, 29-electromagnet, 30-permanent magnet, 31-... 32-Spring, 33-Pressure sensor, 34-Electro-hydraulic slip ring, 35-Drive disc, 36-Arc groove, 37-Guide shaft, 38-Crank, 39-Drive hydraulic cylinder, 40-Motor, 41-Drive pulley, 42-Synchronous belt, 43-Material crushing hydraulic cylinder, 44-Frustum section, 45-Cylindrical section, 46-First spiral blade, 47-Second spiral blade, 48-Material crushing shaft, 49-Eccentric material crushing blade, 50-Collection box, 51-Discharge base plate, 52-Discharge hydraulic cylinder, 53-Pull wire, 54-Fixed pulley, 55-Annular cavity, 56-First gear, 57-Central gear, 58-Intermediate gear. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, an anti-clogging screening feed pipe for an external circulation reactor of ammonium phosphate includes a circulating screening box 1 and a circulation pipeline. The circulation pipeline includes a pressurizing pipe 2, a circulation pipe 3, a feed pipe 4, and a circulation pump 5. One end of the pressurizing pipe 2 is connected to the circulating screening box 1. A screening plate 6 is installed inside the circulating screening box 1. The circulation pipe 3 is connected to the circulating screening box 1 and is used to connect to the reactor. The side wall of the pressurizing pipe 2 is connected to the circulation pump 5 through the feed pipe 4. The circulation pump 5 is connected to the reactor through a pipeline. A crushing mechanism is installed at the end of the pressurizing pipe 2 away from the circulating screening box 1. The crushing mechanism includes a moving column 7, a locking pipe 8, and a middle... A hollow crushing tube 9 has one end of a movable column 7 that slides into the pressure tube 2. The hollow crushing tube 9 is rotatably mounted on the movable column 7. A crushing cone 10 is fixedly fitted onto the hollow crushing tube 9. One end of a locking tube 8 passes through the hollow crushing tube 9 and is connected to a crushing cone 11. Multiple locking pins 12 slide through the side wall of the crushing cone 11. The locking pins 12 have the freedom to move radially along the crushing cone 11. The locking pins 12 are used to penetrate into the ammonium phosphate crystals and lock them in place. The crushing cone 10 then breaks the ammonium phosphate crystals. A temperature control mechanism is fitted onto the pressure tube 2. The temperature control mechanism includes multiple electric heating rods mounted around the pressure tube 2. This controls the precipitation temperature of ammonium phosphate crystals, allowing for better crystal precipitation during the circulation of the slurry solution. A waste discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the circulating screening box 1. After a period of circulation, once the ammonium phosphate crystals have fully precipitated, the slurry is discharged to a designated station through the waste discharge pipe. The sieve plate 6 has a aperture greater than 1 mm and less than 1.5 mm, allowing the target crystals to circulate back into the reactor to serve as seed crystals and promote the growth of new crystals. The specific crystallization process of the ammonium phosphate crystals is as follows: the slurry in the reactor is pumped into the pressurization pipe 2 via the circulating pump 5, and the slurry is pressurized by the circulating pump 5 to increase the slurry's crystal density. The flow rate reduces the frequency of blockage in the pressurized pipe 2. The temperature control mechanism regulates the slurry flow, providing the necessary temperature for ammonium phosphate crystal precipitation. Crystals precipitated in the pressurized pipe 2 are carried by the slurry into the circulating screening box 1. Large-diameter ammonium phosphate crystals are screened out by the screening plate 6, achieving ammonium phosphate recovery. Crystals smaller than 1.5mm return to the reactor through the circulating pipe 3. The circulating slurry includes seed crystals with a diameter of 0.5mm-1mm, which promote the re-precipitation of ammonium phosphate crystals in the slurry. This process is repeated to achieve continuous precipitation of ammonium phosphate crystals, thereby improving the recovery rate. To increase the seed crystal content and effectively promote subsequent ammonium phosphate crystal precipitation, the moving column 7 periodically moves the crushing cone 10 between the feed pipe 4 and the circulating screening box 1. This causes the precipitated crystals to be subjected to the crushing cone 10 upon entering the circulating screening box 1, breaking large crystals into smaller ones, increasing the seed crystal content and thus increasing the precipitation of subsequent ammonium phosphate crystals.When a large amount of crystal precipitation causes blockage in the pressure pipe 2, the moving column 7 drives the crushing cone 10 and the breaking cone 11 to move closer to the agglomerated crystals. Since the breaking cone 11 is located in front of the crushing cone 10, the breaking cone 11 first pierces into the agglomerated crystals, and then the locking pin 12 pierces into the large crystals to grab them. At this time, the locking tube 8 remains stationary and does not move with the hollow crushing pipe 9. Then, the large crystals are crushed by the rotating crushing cone 10. On the one hand, the pressure pipe 2 is cleared, and on the other hand, the content of the target crystals is increased, achieving the effect of online clearing and avoiding downtime affecting production. At the same time, through the coordinated design of circulating screening + directional crushing + seed crystal return, the risk of large crystals being pushed forward by the crushing cone 10 and causing crystals to gradually accumulate and aggravate blockage is effectively prevented, and the recovery rate of ammonium phosphate is also improved.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] Based on Example 1, such as Figure 1 and Figure 10 As shown, a collection box 50 is fixed to the side wall of the circulating screening box 1. A screening plate 6 is installed obliquely inside the circulating screening box 1, with its bottom end penetrating into the collection box 50. The bottom of the collection box 50 is open, and a discharge base plate 51 is hinged to the bottom of the collection box 50. A discharge hydraulic cylinder 52 is installed on the side wall of the collection box 50. The cylinder body of the discharge hydraulic cylinder 52 is hinged to the collection box 50, and the telescopic shaft of the discharge hydraulic cylinder 52 is hinged to the discharge base plate 51. Crystals larger than 1.5mm remain on the screening plate 6. Due to the oblique arrangement of the screening plate 6... The ammonium phosphate crystals on the trolley are moved to the bottom and enter the collection box 50. The ammonium phosphate crystals in the collection box 50 are discharged manually at regular intervals. Specifically, the worker pushes the trolley under the collection box 50, starts the discharge hydraulic cylinder 52, causes the discharge bottom plate 51 to deflect downward, opens the bottom opening of the collection box 50, and allows the ammonium phosphate crystals inside to fall into the trolley. Finally, the discharge hydraulic cylinder 52 drives the discharge bottom plate 51 to reset upward, so that the discharge bottom plate 51 re-seals the bottom opening of the collection box 50 to continue collecting ammonium phosphate crystals.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] Based on Example 2, such as Figures 1 to 7As shown, the locking tube 8 is hollow. A locking cavity 13 is formed at one end of the crushing cone 11 connected to the locking tube 8. A driving block 14 is fixed inside the locking cavity 13 at one end of the locking pin 12. A push rod 15 is slidably disposed inside the locking tube 8. A wedge-shaped surface 16 is provided at the end of the driving block 14 near the push rod 15, and the wedge-shaped surface 16 is located on the moving path of the push rod 15. A pushing hydraulic rod 17 is installed on the side wall of the locking tube 8. A chuck is connected to the telescopic shaft of the pushing hydraulic rod 17. An annular groove is formed on the side wall of the push rod 15. The chuck is inserted into the annular groove, allowing the pushing hydraulic rod 17 to move the push rod 15 while simultaneously allowing relative rotation between the chuck and the push rod 15. When the locking tube 8 rotates forward, the pushing hydraulic rod 17 extends and retracts in coordination, preventing interference between the locking tube 8 and the hollow crushing tube 9. When the crushing cone 11 penetrates the agglomerated crystal, it pushes the hydraulic rod 17 to move the push rod 15 towards the drive block 14, causing the push rod 15 to squeeze the wedge-shaped surface 16 of the drive block 14. Under the action of the wedge-shaped surface 16, the drive block 14 drives the locking pin 12 to move outward, causing the locking pin 12 to penetrate into the agglomerated crystal. Thus, the radial degree of freedom of the agglomerated crystal is restricted by the crushing cone 11, and the axial degree of freedom of the agglomerated crystal is restricted by the locking pin 12. This can fix the agglomerated crystal for crushing, avoiding the agglomerated crystal from moving forward under the spiral action of the crushing cone 10, which would prevent the agglomerated crystal from being crushed quickly and effectively. After the agglomerated crystal is fixed, the crushing cone 10 can gradually crush the agglomerated crystal, which can quickly clear the pressure pipe 2 and increase the content of the target crystal.

[0037] Example 4

[0038] Because the breaking cone 11 is relatively small, the locking cavity 13 has limited space, making it impossible to arrange elastic components such as springs to reset the locking pin 12. Therefore, based on embodiment three, as follows... Figures 1 to 7As shown, the crushing cone 11 has a small hole at the position corresponding to the locking pin 12. A sealing ring is installed in the small hole, and the locking pin 12 passes through the small hole. The size of the driving block 14 is larger than the size of the small hole, so the driving block 14 cannot pass through the small hole. The end of the driving block 14 away from the locking pin 12 is connected to the push rod 15 through a pull wire 53. A fixed pulley 54 is provided between the driving block 14 and the push rod 15. The fixed pulley 54 rotates and connects to the crushing cone 11. The pull wire 53 passes around the fixed pulley 54. When the locking pin 12 moves completely into the small hole, the pull wire 53 is in a taut state. When the push rod 15 moves closer to the driving block 14, the pull wire 53 will slack off. This allows the push rod 15 to smoothly press the drive block 14, causing the locking pin 12 to extend. After the agglomerated crystals are broken, the push rod 15 moves away from the drive block 14 and changes the direction of the pull line 53 through the fixed pulley 54, causing the push rod 15 to pull the drive block 14 through the pull line 53, thereby moving the locking pin 12 into the small hole and causing the locking pin 12 to detach from the agglomerated crystals. At this time, the crushing cone 11 loses its ability to hold and lock the agglomerated crystals. Under the flow rate inside the pressurized pipe 2, the crystals detach from the crushing cone 11 and flow into the circulating screening box 1, completing the unblocking of the pressurized pipe 2 and the crushing of the agglomerated crystals, thereby increasing the circulating content of the target crystals.

[0039] Example 5

[0040] Due to the action of the circulating pump 5, the slurry flow velocity in the pressurized pipe 2 is relatively high. Crystals that have broken off from the agglomerated crystals will flow directly into the circulating screening box 1. Because the agglomerated crystals are fragile, they will first break into large pieces and flow forward before further breaking down. This can easily lead to re-agglomeration at the front, and it also makes it impossible to guarantee the content of the target crystals. Therefore, based on Example 4, as... Figures 1 to 9As shown, the crushing cone 10 includes a frustum portion 44 and a cylindrical portion 45. One end of the cylindrical portion 45 is fixedly connected to the large-diameter end of the frustum portion 44. A first spiral blade 46 is fixedly mounted on the frustum portion 44, and a second spiral blade 47 is fixedly mounted on the cylindrical portion 45. A secondary crushing space is formed between the crushing cone 10 and the movable column 7. A secondary crushing assembly is provided in the secondary crushing space. The secondary crushing assembly includes crushing shafts 48 and eccentric crushing blades 49. Multiple crushing shafts 48 are rotatably mounted on the movable column 7. The multiple crushing shafts 48 are arranged around the circumference of the hollow crushing tube 9. An eccentric crushing blade 49 is fixedly mounted on the crushing shafts 48. When the crushing cone 10 rotates, the agglomerated crystals are first crushed by the first spiral blade 46 on the frustum portion 44. Crushing is equivalent to drilling a hole in the middle of the agglomerated crystal, allowing the crushing cone 10 to enter the interior of the agglomerated crystal. At this point, the agglomerated crystal is further crushed by the second spiral blade 47. The rotation direction of the crushing cone 10 enables the second spiral blade 47 to transport the crushed large crystal pieces into the secondary crushing assembly. Simultaneously, under the movement of the moving column 7, the secondary crushing assembly gradually enters the interior of the agglomerated crystal for secondary crushing. The crystal is further crushed by multiple rotating eccentric crushing blades 49. The crushing radius of the eccentric crushing blades 49 is larger than that of the crushing cone 10, giving the eccentric crushing blades 49 a larger crushing range, which can thoroughly crush the agglomerated crystal, achieve rapid unblocking, and at the same time, achieve a higher degree of crushing, resulting in a higher target crystal content.

[0041] Example 6

[0042] Based on Example 5, such as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, an annular cavity 55 is provided inside the movable column 7 surrounding the hollow crushing tube 9. One end of the crushing shaft 48 passes through the annular cavity 55 and is connected to a first gear 56. A central gear 57 is fitted on the hollow crushing tube 9. Three crushing shafts 48 are arranged circumferentially. The first gears 56 on two crushing shafts 48 mesh with the central gear 57, and the first gear 56 on the other crushing shaft 48 meshes with an intermediate gear 58. The intermediate gear 58 is rotatably connected to the movable column 7, and the intermediate gear 58 meshes with the central gear 57, so that the rotation direction of one of the eccentric crushing blades 49 is opposite to the rotation direction of the other two eccentric crushing blades 49. This has a stirring effect on the crystal, causing the crystal to enter the two eccentric crushing blades 49 with opposite rotation directions. Thus, the two eccentric crushing blades 49 can act on the crystal at the same time, making the crystal smaller and increasing the content of the target crystal.

[0043] Example 7

[0044] Based on Example 6, such as Figures 1 to 8As shown, the crushing mechanism also includes a support frame 18. The end of the movable column 7 away from the crushing cone 10 and the end of the locking tube 8 away from the crushing cone 11 are both movably mounted on the support frame 18. It also includes a docking and switching mechanism, which includes a pressure plate 19, a docking plate 20, and a limiting plate 21. The limiting plate 21 is mounted on the support frame 18 and has a through hole 22 for the locking tube 8 to pass through. Multiple limiting rods 23 are arranged circumferentially within the through hole 22, and one end of each limiting rod 23 is slidably connected to the limiting plate 20. 1. A friction limiting block 24 is fixed at the other end. The pressure plate 19 and the docking plate 20 are respectively fitted onto the locking tube 8 and the hollow crushing tube 9. A docking assembly is provided on the end face of the pressure plate 19 near the docking plate 20. The docking assembly includes a docking seat 25 and a plug rod 26. The docking seat 25 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 19. The plug rod 26 is slidably arranged on the docking seat 25. A plug hole 27 is opened on the side wall of the docking plate 20. One end of the plug rod 26 is inserted into the plug hole 27. When crushing agglomerated crystals, it is necessary to first pass through... The crushing cone 11 drills into the agglomerated crystal. Therefore, the locking tube 8 needs to first rotate along with the hollow crushing tube 9. At this time, the mating plate 20 contacts the pressure plate 19, so that the insertion hole 27 of the mating plate 20 is located on the moving path of the insertion rod 26. One end of the insertion rod 26 is inserted into the insertion hole 27, thereby connecting the hollow crushing tube 9 and the locking tube 8 together. At this time, the friction limiting block 24 disengages from the locking tube 8. The linear motion of the moving column 7, combined with the rotational freedom of the hollow crushing tube 9, gives the locking tube 8 the ability to rotate. The advance of the crushing cone 11 allows it to smoothly penetrate the agglomerated crystal, and the extended locking pin 12 fixes the agglomerated crystal. Then, the insertion rod 26 disengages from the insertion hole 27, and the limiting rod 23 drives the friction limiting block 24 to press against the locking tube 8, thereby separating the hollow crushing tube 9 from the locking tube 8. The friction limiting block 24 restricts the degree of freedom of movement of the locking tube 8, thereby effectively fixing the agglomerated crystal. Then, the advancing crushing cone 10 crushes the agglomerated crystal, making the crushing effect of the agglomerated crystal better.

[0045] Example 8

[0046] Based on Example 7, such as Figures 1 to 8As shown, a mounting groove 28 is provided at one end of the docking seat 25 near the center of the pressure plate 19. An electromagnet 29 is installed in the mounting groove 28. One end of the plug rod 26 passes through the mounting groove 28 and is connected to a permanent magnet 30. When the electromagnet 29 is energized, it generates magnetic poles with the same magnetism as the permanent magnet 30. A spring 31 is provided in the mounting groove 28. The two ends of the spring 31 are connected to the docking seat 25 and the plug rod 26, respectively. A pressure sensor 32 is installed on the pressure plate 19. The pressure detection shaft of the pressure sensor 32 is located on the moving path of the docking plate 20. An electro-hydraulic slip ring 33 is fitted on the locking tube 8. A drive disc 34 is rotatably mounted on the limiting disc 21, and the drive disc 34 is coaxial with the limiting disc 21. Multiple arc-shaped grooves 35 are formed on the circumference of the drive disc 34, extending towards the center of the drive disc 34. Each arc-shaped groove 35 corresponds to a specific limiting rod 23. A guide shaft 36 is fitted within each arc-shaped groove 35, and the guide shaft 36 is fixedly connected to the limiting rod 23. A crank 37 is fixed to the side wall of the drive disc 34. A drive hydraulic cylinder 38 is mounted on the support frame 18, and the cylinder body of the drive hydraulic cylinder 38 is hinged to the support frame 18. The telescopic shaft of the drive hydraulic cylinder 38 is connected to the crank. When the crushing mechanism is in its original position, the pressure detection shaft of the pressure sensor 32 is contacted by the mating plate 20. The electromagnet 29 is energized, repelling the permanent magnet 30. Under this force, one end of the insertion rod 26 is inserted into the insertion hole 27, connecting the hollow crushing tube 9 and the locking tube 8 together. The locking tube 8 can then rotate along with the hollow crushing tube 9. After the crushing cone 11 fixes the agglomerated crystal, the electromagnet 29 is de-energized, and the insertion rod 26 disengages from the insertion hole 27 under the action of the spring 31, separating the pressure plate 19 from the mating plate 20, thereby connecting the hollow crushing tube 9 and the locking tube. 8. Separate, then drive the hydraulic cylinder 38 to move, drive the drive disc 34 to deflect through the crank 37, and push the guide shaft 36 to move through the arc groove 35. Since the limit rod 23 is slidably installed on the limit disc 21, the limit rod 23 moves linearly under the action of the arc groove 35, causing the limit rod 23 to drive the friction limit block 24 to move closer to the locking tube 8, thereby clamping the locking tube 8, which is used to limit the degree of freedom of movement of the locking tube 8, so that the locking tube 8 is not affected by the movement of the hollow crushing tube 9, thereby stabilizing and fixing the agglomerated crystals, improving the crushing effect, and thus increasing the content of the target crystals;After the agglomerated crystals are broken up, the moving column 7 moves in the opposite direction to reset. When the docking plate 20 contacts the pressure detection shaft of the pressure sensor 32, it indicates that the hollow crushing tube 9 and the locking tube 8 are in a state of readiness for docking. At this time, the hollow crushing tube 9 rotates slowly, and the electromagnet 29 is energized, causing the insertion rod 26 to abut against the side wall of the docking plate 20. The hollow crushing tube 9 drives the docking plate 20 to rotate to adjust the position of the insertion hole 27. When the insertion hole 27 corresponds to the insertion rod 26, under the repulsive action of the electromagnet 29, the insertion rod 26 is inserted into the insertion hole 27, reconnecting the hollow crushing tube 9 and the locking tube 8. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 38 is driven to reset, causing the friction limit block 24 to disengage from the locking tube 8, thereby unlocking the degree of freedom of movement of the locking tube 8. This allows the moving column 7 to simultaneously drive the hollow crushing tube 9 and the locking tube 8 to complete the reset, ready for the next crushing operation.

[0047] Example 9

[0048] Based on Example 8, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a motor 39 is installed on the moving column 7, and the output shaft of the motor 39 is connected to a drive pulley 40. A driven pulley 41 is fitted on the hollow crushing tube 9. The drive pulley 40 is connected to the driven pulley 41 through a synchronous belt 42. A crushing hydraulic cylinder 43 is installed on the support frame 18. The telescopic shaft of the crushing hydraulic cylinder 43 is connected to the moving column 7. The motor 39 drives the drive pulley 40 to rotate, and the drive pulley 40 drives the driven pulley 41 to rotate through the synchronous belt 42. Then, the crushing hydraulic cylinder 43 drives the moving column 7 to move linearly, so that the hollow crushing tube 9 and the locking tube 8 have the freedom of rotation, realizing the fixing and crushing of agglomerated crystals.

Claims

1. A clog-resistant screening feed pipe for an external circulation reactor of ammonium phosphate, characterized in that, The system includes a circulating screening box (1) and a circulating pipeline. The circulating pipeline includes a pressurizing pipe (2), a circulating pipe (3), a feed pipe (4), and a circulating pump (5). One end of the pressurizing pipe (2) is connected to the circulating screening box (1). A screening plate (6) is installed inside the circulating screening box (1). The circulating pipe (3) is connected to the circulating screening box (1) and is used to connect to the reactor. The side wall of the pressurizing pipe (2) is connected to the circulating pump (5) through the feed pipe (4). The circulating pump (5) is connected to the reactor through a pipeline. A crushing mechanism is installed at the end of the pressurizing pipe (2) away from the circulating screening box (1). The crushing mechanism includes a moving column (…). 7) Locking tube (8) and hollow crushing tube (9), one end of the moving column (7) slides into the pressurizing tube (2), the hollow crushing tube (9) rotates through the moving column (7), a crushing cone (10) is fixedly fitted on the hollow crushing tube (9), one end of the locking tube (8) passes through the hollow crushing tube (9) and is connected to the crushing cone (11), a plurality of locking nails (12) slide through the side wall of the crushing cone (11), the locking nails (12) have the freedom to move radially along the crushing cone (11), the locking nails (12) are used to pierce into the ammonium phosphate crystal to lock the ammonium phosphate crystal, and then crush the ammonium phosphate crystal through the crushing cone (10); The crushing mechanism also includes a support frame (18). The end of the movable column (7) away from the crushing cone (10) and the end of the locking tube (8) away from the crushing cone (11) are both movably mounted on the support frame (18). It also includes a docking switching mechanism, which includes a pressure plate (19), a docking plate (20), and a limiting plate (21). The limiting plate (21) is mounted on the support frame (18). The limiting plate (21) has a through hole (22) for the locking tube (8) to pass through. Multiple limiting rods (23) are arranged around the circumference of the through hole (22). One end of the limiting rod (23) slides. The connecting limit plate (21) is fixed at one end and the friction limit block (24) is fixed at the other end. The pressure plate (19) and the docking plate (20) are respectively mounted on the locking tube (8) and the hollow crushing tube (9). The end face of the pressure plate (19) near the docking plate (20) is provided with a docking component. The docking component includes a docking seat (25) and a plug rod (26). The docking seat (25) is fixedly connected to the pressure plate (19). The plug rod (26) is slidably arranged on the docking seat (25). The side wall of the docking plate (20) is provided with a plug hole (27). One end of the plug rod (26) is inserted into the plug hole (27).

2. The anti-clogging screening feed pipe of the ammonium phosphate external circulation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking tube (8) is hollow. The end of the material breaking cone (11) connected to the locking tube (8) is provided with a locking cavity (13). One end of the locking pin (12) extends into the locking cavity (13) and is fixed with a driving block (14). A push rod (15) is slidably arranged in the locking tube (8). The end of the driving block (14) near the push rod (15) is provided with a wedge-shaped surface (16). The wedge-shaped surface (16) is located on the moving path of the push rod (15). A pushing hydraulic rod (17) is installed on the side wall of the locking tube (8). The telescopic shaft of the pushing hydraulic rod (17) is connected to a chuck. An annular groove is provided on the side wall of the push rod (15). The chuck is inserted into the annular groove.

3. The anti-clogging screening feed pipe of the ammonium phosphate external circulation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The docking seat (25) has an installation groove (28) at one end near the center of the pressure plate (19). An electromagnet (29) is installed in the installation groove (28). One end of the plug rod (26) is inserted into the installation groove (28) and connected to a permanent magnet (30). When the electromagnet (29) is energized, it generates magnetic poles with the same magnetism as the permanent magnet (30). A spring (31) is provided in the installation groove (28). The two ends of the spring (31) are connected to the docking seat (25) and the plug rod (26) respectively.

4. The anti-clogging screening feed pipe of the ammonium phosphate external circulation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure sensor (32) is installed on the pressure plate (19), and the pressure detection axis of the pressure sensor (32) is located on the moving path of the docking plate (20). An electro-hydraulic slip ring (33) is fitted on the locking tube (8).

5. The anti-clogging screening feed pipe of the ammonium phosphate external circulation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A drive disk (34) is rotatably mounted on the limiting disk (21). The drive disk (34) is coaxial with the limiting disk (21). Multiple arc-shaped grooves (35) are opened on the circumference of the drive disk (34). The arc-shaped grooves (35) extend toward the center of the drive disk (34). The multiple arc-shaped grooves (35) correspond one-to-one with multiple limiting rods (23). A guide shaft (36) is adapted in the arc-shaped groove (35). The guide shaft (36) is fixedly connected to the limiting rod (23). A crank (37) is fixed on the side wall of the drive disk (34). A driving hydraulic cylinder (38) is provided on the support frame (18). The cylinder body of the driving hydraulic cylinder (38) is hinged to the support frame (18). The telescopic shaft of the driving hydraulic cylinder (38) is connected to the crank (37).

6. The anti-clogging screening feed pipe of the ammonium phosphate external circulation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A motor (39) is installed on the movable column (7). The output shaft of the motor (39) is connected to a drive pulley (40). A driven pulley (41) is fitted on the hollow crushing tube (9). The drive pulley (40) is connected to the driven pulley (41) via a synchronous belt (42). A crushing hydraulic cylinder (43) is installed on the support frame (18). The telescopic shaft of the crushing hydraulic cylinder (43) is connected to the movable column (7).

7. The anti-clogging screening feed pipe of the ammonium phosphate external circulation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing cone (10) includes a cone portion (44) and a cylindrical portion (45). One end of the cylindrical portion (45) is fixedly connected to the large-diameter end of the cone portion (44). A first spiral blade (46) is fixed on the cone portion (44), and a second spiral blade (47) is fixedly fitted on the cylindrical portion (45).

8. The anti-clogging screening feed pipe of the ammonium phosphate external circulation reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that, A secondary crushing space is formed between the crushing cone (10) and the moving column (7). A secondary crushing assembly is provided in the secondary crushing space. The secondary crushing assembly includes a crushing shaft (48) and an eccentric crushing blade (49). Multiple crushing shafts (48) are rotatably mounted on the moving column (7). The multiple crushing shafts (48) are arranged around the circumference of the hollow crushing tube (9). An eccentric crushing blade (49) is fixedly mounted on the crushing shaft (48).

9. The anti-clogging screening feed pipe of the ammonium phosphate external circulation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A collection box (50) is fixed to the side wall of the circulating screening box (1). The screening plate (6) is installed obliquely inside the circulating screening box (1). The bottom end of the screening plate (6) is inserted into the collection box (50). The bottom of the collection box (50) is open. A discharge base plate (51) is hinged to the bottom of the collection box (50). A discharge hydraulic cylinder (52) is provided on the side wall of the collection box (50). The cylinder body of the discharge hydraulic cylinder (52) is hinged to the collection box (50). The telescopic shaft of the discharge hydraulic cylinder (52) is hinged to the discharge base plate (51).

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