Automatic assembling machine for aviation rivets

Abstract

An automatic assembling machine for aviation rivets comprises a press-fit disc, two vibrating discs, a press-fitting mechanism and a tension spring, the press-fit disc is used for fixing rivet rods and rivet heads of the rivets, the two vibrating discs are arranged on the two sides of the press-fit disc respectively, the press-fitting mechanism comprises a plurality of push rods evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the push rods are configured to be capable of revolving around the center of the press-fit disc, and the tension spring is arranged on the press-fit disc. The multiple tension springs are arranged and can reciprocate in the axial direction of the rivet, and the multiple tension springs are arranged close to the discharging side of the press-fit disc. The tension spring can perform floating positioning on the nail rod and the nail head on the press-fit disc, in the press-fitting process, if the nail rod and the nail head are eccentric, the nail rod can overcome the resistance of the tension spring under the thrust action of the push rod, the position is automatically adjusted, the nail rod tends to be coaxial with the nail head, and therefore the coaxiality after press-fitting is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rivet manufacturing technology, specifically referring to an automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets. Background Technology

[0002] Rivets are an important type of fastener in the aerospace industry, mainly consisting of a shank and a head.

[0003] In aerospace riveting, interference fits and countersunk riveting techniques are commonly used. An interference fit refers to a rivet shank diameter slightly larger than the pre-drilled hole diameter, forming a tight connection through compression and embedding, thereby improving the fatigue life of the structure. If the rivet shank and head are not coaxial, misalignment can easily occur during installation, making it difficult to insert smoothly into the hole. Forcing it in can not only scratch the hole wall but also cause the rivet to tilt, affecting the connection quality. Therefore, in addition to controlling coaxiality during assembly, it is also essential to ensure that the coaxiality of the rivet shank and head meets tolerance requirements.

[0004] Currently, factories mostly use automated assembly machines for riveting, pressing the rivet shank into the rivet head using a push rod. However, due to the small diameter of the rivet shank, it is difficult for the push rod to remain coaxial with the rivet shank throughout the pressing process. In addition, the machining errors of the parts themselves make it difficult to guarantee the coaxiality of the pressing process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets, which at least partially solves the above problems.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: This invention proposes an automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets, comprising: A pressing plate is configured to rotate under drive. The pressing plate includes a plurality of fastening parts evenly distributed around the circumference of the pressing plate. The fastening parts are configured as fixing nail rods and nail heads. Two vibratory feeders are respectively located on both sides of the pressing plate, and are used to feed the nail rod and nail head to the pressing plate respectively; The pressing mechanism includes a plurality of push rods evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The push rods are disposed on one side of the pressing plate corresponding to the rivet rod. The push rods are configured to revolve around the center of the pressing plate and to reciprocate along the axial direction of the rivet to press the rivet rod into the rivet head. Multiple tension springs are arranged close to the discharge side of the pressing plate. The two ends of each tension spring are fixed, and the middle section can elastically deform towards or away from the center of the pressing plate, thereby floating and fixing the nail rod and nail head.

[0007] Furthermore, the tension spring located on one side of the nail rod is arranged in a curved shape to avoid the reciprocating motion path of the push rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the pressing mechanism also includes a pressing platform, a motor, a feed swashplate, and a turntable; The pressing platform is disposed between the two vibratory plates; The feed swashplate is fixedly mounted on the pressing table and is coaxially arranged with the pressing plate. The feed swashplate is used to drive the push rod to reciprocate. The turntable is rotatably disposed on the side of the feed swashplate near the pressing plate, and the push rod is slidably disposed in the turntable; The motor shaft drives both the turntable and the pressing plate to rotate simultaneously via a keyed connection.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner cavity of the feed swashplate is provided with a ramp, and the push rod and the turntable are elastically connected by a return spring so that the end of the push rod always remains tangent to the surface of the ramp.

[0010] Furthermore, the push rod has an upper cavity, a square groove, and a lower cavity arranged sequentially along its axial direction inside; The lower cavity is elastically connected to a slide block via a trigger spring; The push rod is also equipped with a corrective rod, which includes a corrective core rod, a cube and a sphere connected in sequence; The ball is hinged to the slide block, the block body slides in the square groove, and the straightening core rod extends into the upper cavity and has a clearance fit with the upper cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressing plate is provided with a limiting plate assembly, which includes a first side plate, a central plate, and a second side plate arranged sequentially along the feeding direction of the pressing plate. The first side plate is disposed close to the circumferential side wall of the pressing plate; The central plate is located in the middle of the upper surface of the pressing plate, and a gap is formed between the central plate and the pressing plate to allow the nail rod and the nail head to pass through. The second side plate is located on the pressing station side of the pressing plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the second side plate is provided with an arc-shaped plate on the pressing station side, and the arc-shaped plate is elastically arranged along the radial direction of the pressing plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a fixing rod is provided on the second side plate, and a sleeve rod is slidably provided on the fixing rod. The sleeve rod is provided on the arc-shaped plate, and an anti-detachment spring is connected between the arc-shaped plate and the second side plate. The anti-detachment spring is arranged around the fixing rod and the sleeve rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the fastening part includes a first groove, a second groove, and a third groove arranged sequentially along the pressing direction, and an annular groove is provided between the second groove and the third groove; Furthermore, the width of the first groove is greater than the diameter of the nail rod; The width of the second groove is adapted to the diameter of the shank of the nail head; The width and depth of the annular groove are adapted to the head size of the nail head; The third groove has a chamfered structure on the side closest to the second groove; The width of the third groove is adapted to the diameter of the rod portion of the nail head.

[0015] Furthermore, the lower end of the pressing plate on the discharge side is provided with an air blowing pipe.

[0016] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: The tension spring enables floating positioning of the rivet rod and rivet head on the pressing plate. During the pressing process, if there is eccentricity between the rivet rod and the rivet head, the rivet rod can overcome the resistance of the tension spring under the pushing force of the push rod and automatically adjust its position to tend to be coaxial with the rivet head, thereby improving the coaxiality after pressing. At the same time, the correction rod hinged on the push rod can adaptively adjust its angle according to the pressing resistance, pushing the rivet rod further closer to the coaxial position with the rivet head. This mechanism not only significantly improves the coaxiality of the rivet after assembly, but also effectively reduces the risk of scratches during pressing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the positional relationship of the push rods as they operate on the pressing plate. Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the pressing plate, the limiting plate assembly, and the arc-shaped plate; Figure 4 for Figure 1 An isometric side view of the sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 5 A sectional view showing the connection between the feed swashplate, rotary table, and push rod; Figure 6 This is a broken view of the push rod section. Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of section I; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing disc.

[0018] The components include: 1. Vibratory plate, 2. Pressing platform, 3. Motor, 4. Rotary shaft, 5. Feed swashplate, 6. Turntable, 7. Push rod, 8. Pressing plate, 9. Limiting plate assembly, 10. Arc plate, 11. Tension spring, 12. First side plate, 13. Central plate, 14. Second side plate, 15. Fixing rod, 16. Sleeve rod, 17. Anti-detachment spring, 18. Air blow pipe, 19. Inclined body, 20. Return spring, 21. Lower cavity, 22. Square groove, 23. Upper cavity, 24. Trigger spring, 25. Slide seat, 26. Correcting rod, 27. Sphere, 28. Cube body, 29. Correcting core rod, 30. First groove, 31. Second groove, 32. Annular groove, 33. Third groove, 34. Chamfered structure.

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, an automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets includes a pressing plate 8, a vibratory plate 1, a pressing mechanism, and tension springs 11. The pressing plate 8 is configured to rotate under drive. Multiple fastening parts are evenly distributed around the circumference of the pressing plate 8. These fastening parts are used to fix the rivet shank and rivet head. Ideally, the rivet shank and rivet head should be placed coaxially on the pressing plate 8. Two vibratory plates 1 are configured, each located on one side of the pressing plate 8. The rivet shank and rivet head are placed in the two vibratory plates 1 respectively. The vibratory plates 1 arrange the rivet shank and rivet head in sequence and transport them to the pressing plate 8. The pressing mechanism includes multiple push rods 7 evenly distributed along the circumference. The push rods 7 are located on the side of the pressing plate 8 corresponding to the rivet shank. The push rods 7 are configured to revolve around the center of the pressing plate 8 and reciprocate along the axial direction of the rivet to press the rivet shank into the rivet head. Multiple tension springs 11 are configured, all close to the pressing plate. The discharge arc side of plate 8 is set, and its projection in the axial direction of the nail rod is concentric with the pressing plate 8. The two ends of each tension spring 11 are fixed, and the middle section can generate elastic deformation toward or away from the center of the pressing plate 8, thereby floating and fixing the nail rod and nail head. The tension spring 11 can float and position the nail rod and nail head. During the pressing process, if there is an eccentricity between the nail rod and the nail head, the nail rod can overcome the resistance of the tension spring 11 under the pushing force of the push rod 7 and automatically adjust its position to tend to be coaxial with the nail head, thereby improving the coaxiality after pressing. That is, the tension spring 11 achieves a flexible positioning effect, which can both restrict the nail rod and nail head to prevent them from falling off the pressing plate 8, and apply a certain resistance to the nail rod and nail head to keep them coaxial during pressing. After the nail rod is pressed into the nail head to form a complete rivet, the rivet continues to rotate on the pressing plate 8. When it is separated from the tension spring 11, the rivet can fall off automatically under the action of gravity.

[0023] In some embodiments, the tension spring 11 located on one side of the nail rod is arranged in a curved shape on the pressing plate 8 (not shown in the figures). When the push rod 7 pushes the nail rod, the push rod 7 will move along the generatrix direction of the pressing plate 8. The end dimension of the push rod 7 is larger than the diameter of the nail rod and also larger than the gap between the tension spring 11 and the pressing plate 8. The curved arrangement can avoid interference between the tension spring 11 and the push rod 7, and its curved state is adapted to the reciprocating motion path of the push rod 7.

[0024] In some embodiments, the pressing mechanism further includes a pressing platform 2, a motor 3, a feed swashplate 5, and a turntable 6; the pressing platform 2 is disposed between two vibrating plates 1; the feed swashplate 5 is fixedly mounted on the pressing platform 2 and coaxially disposed with the pressing plate 8, and the feed swashplate 5 is used to drive the push rod 7 to reciprocate; the turntable 6 is rotatably disposed on the side of the feed swashplate 5 near the pressing plate 8, the push rod 7 is slidably disposed in the turntable 6, and the push rod 7 is distributed in a circumferential array in the turntable 6; the rotating shaft 4 of the motor 3 drives the turntable 6 and the pressing plate 8 to rotate simultaneously through a key connection. During operation, the vibrating plate 1 conveys the material to the pressing plate 8, and the motor 3 drives the turntable 6 and the pressing plate 8 to rotate synchronously. When the turntable 6 rotates, it drives the push rod 7 inside to rotate synchronously relative to the feed swashplate 5. When the push rod 7 rotates around the feed swashplate 5, it is also driven by the feed swashplate 5 to perform reciprocating motion. During the reciprocating motion, the nail rod on the pressing plate 8 is pressed into the nail head.

[0025] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the inner cavity of the feed swashplate 5 is provided with a ramp 19. The push rod 7 and the turntable 6 are elastically connected by a return spring 20 so that the end of the push rod 7 is always tangent to the surface of the ramp 19, ensuring that the push rod 7 always moves along the slope of the ramp 19, thereby driving the push rod 7 to reciprocate during rotation.

[0026] In some embodiments, the tension spring 11 used to ensure coaxiality still has a certain adjustment range limitation. To further expand its correction capability, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the push rod 7 has an upper cavity 23, a square groove 22, and a lower cavity 21 arranged sequentially along its axial direction. A slide block 25 is elastically connected to the lower cavity 21 via a trigger spring 24. The push rod 7 also has a straightening rod 26, which includes a straightening core rod 29, a block 28, and a ball 27 connected sequentially. The ball 27 is hinged to the slide block 25, the block 28 slides in fit with the square groove 22, and the straightening core rod 29 extends into the upper cavity 23 with a clearance fit. During the pressing operation, the straightening core rod 29 remains in contact with the nail rod to perform the pressing action. If the adjustment of the tension spring 11 cannot ensure that the nail rod and the nail head are completely coaxial, resulting in their eccentric placement, the pressing resistance will increase, and the corresponding reverse force acting on the adjustment core rod 29 will also be significantly enhanced. At this time, the slide 25 overcomes the resistance of the trigger spring 24 and slides inward, driving the adjustment rod 26 to move inward as a whole. When the block 28 and the square groove 22 are disengaged, the adjustment core rod 29 can swing slightly in the upper cavity 23 to adjust the force application angle and apply a lateral adjustment force to the nail rod, causing the nail rod to return to the state of being coaxial with the nail head, thereby compensating for the insufficient adjustment range of the tension spring 11.

[0027] In some embodiments, such as Figures 2-4As shown, the pressing plate 8 is provided with a limiting plate assembly 9, which includes a first side plate 12, a central plate 13, and a second side plate 14 arranged sequentially along the feeding direction of the pressing plate 8. The first side plate 12 is set close to the circumferential side wall of the pressing plate 8. When the material (a nail head in this embodiment) on the vibrating plate 1 is placed on the pressing plate 8, the first side plate 12 can block the material and prevent the material from falling off the pressing plate 8. The central plate 13 is located in the middle of the upper surface of the pressing plate 8 and forms a gap between it and the pressing plate 8 for the nail rod and nail head to pass through. The central plate 13 plays an auxiliary positioning role to prevent abnormal phenomena such as jumping when the material rotates on the pressing plate 8. The second side plate 14 is located on the pressing station side of the pressing plate 8. The pressing station side of the second side plate 14 is provided with an arc-shaped plate 10. The arc-shaped plate 10 is elastically arranged along the radial direction of the pressing plate 8. A gap is also reserved between the arc-shaped plate 10 and the pressing plate 8 for the nail rod and nail head to pass through. The side of the arc-shaped plate 10 closest to the second side plate 14 is designed to open upward so that the nail rod and nail head can smoothly enter the gap between the arc-shaped plate 10 and the pressing plate 8. The arc-shaped plate 10 plays a fixing role and is used to compensate for the working gap between the tension spring 11 and the upper area of ​​the pressing plate 8. When the push rod 7 has not yet pressed the nail rod or nail head, it ensures that the nail rod or nail head is in the pressing plate 8 and remains coaxial (ideally).

[0028] In some embodiments, a fixing rod 15 is provided on the second side plate 14, and a sleeve rod 16 is slidably provided on the fixing rod 15. The sleeve rod 16 is provided on the arc plate 10, and an anti-detachment spring 17 is connected between the arc plate 10 and the second side plate 14. The anti-detachment spring 17 is arranged around the fixing rod 15 and the sleeve rod 16. The arc plate 10 is arranged radially elastically, which can provide positioning for the nail rod or nail head and avoid interfering with its rotation process. When the nail rod or nail head is subjected to greater resistance, it will press the arc plate 10 upward, so that the arc plate 10 overcomes the resistance of the anti-detachment spring 17 and moves upward. When the gap between the nail rod or nail head and the arc plate 10 is smaller, the arc plate 10 can move in the circular direction of the pressing plate 8 under the action of the anti-detachment spring 17, thereby fixing the nail rod or nail head.

[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8As shown, the fastening part includes a first groove 30, a second groove 31, and a third groove 33 arranged sequentially along the pressing direction. An annular groove 32 is provided between the second groove 31 and the third groove 33. The first groove 30 is used to fix the nail rod, and the width of the first groove 30 is greater than the diameter of the nail rod so that the angle can be adjusted during nail rod pressing. The width of the second groove 31 is adapted to the diameter of the nail head to ensure that the center of the nail head is fixed and to provide a centering reference for the angle adjustment of the nail rod based on the fixed center line. The width and depth of the annular groove 32 are adapted to the head size of the nail head and are used to fit the head end of the nail head. The third groove 33 has a chamfered structure 34 on the side near the second groove 31 so that the nail rod can enter the second groove 31 through the chamfered structure 34 after being pressed into the nail head. The width of the third groove 33 is adapted to the diameter of the nail head and is used to fix the nail rod after pressing.

[0030] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the lower end of the pressing plate 8 on the discharge side is equipped with an air blow pipe 18. After the nail rod and nail head are pressed together to form a rivet, the rivet continues to rotate with the pressing plate 8 until the rivet separates from the tension spring 11 and falls off under the action of gravity. At this time, all the grooves on the pressing plate 8 have been cleared. The air blow pipe 18 can blow air into each groove to avoid residue and iron filings, prevent it from affecting subsequent installation, and ensure the coaxiality of the rivet.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0032] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic assembly machine for aircraft rivets, characterized in that, include: The pressing plate (8) is configured to be driven to rotate. The pressing plate (8) includes a plurality of fastening parts evenly distributed around the circumference of the pressing plate. The fastening parts are configured to fix nail rods and nail heads. Two vibratory feeders (1) are respectively disposed on both sides of the pressing plate (8) for feeding nail rods and nail heads to the pressing plate (8); The pressing mechanism includes a plurality of push rods (7) evenly distributed along the circumference. The push rods (7) are disposed on one side of the pressing plate (8) corresponding to the rivet rod. The push rods (7) are configured to revolve around the center of the pressing plate (8) and to reciprocate along the axial direction of the rivet to press the rivet rod into the rivet head. Multiple tension springs (11) are arranged close to the discharge side of the pressing plate (8). The two ends of each tension spring (11) are fixed, and the middle section can generate elastic deformation toward or away from the center of the pressing plate (8), thereby floating and fixing the nail rod and nail head.

2. The automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tension spring (11) located on one side of the nail rod is arranged in a curved shape to avoid the reciprocating motion path of the push rod (7).

3. The automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism also includes a pressing table (2), a motor (3), a feed swashplate (5), and a turntable (6). The pressing platform (2) is disposed between the two vibratory plates (1); The feed swash plate (5) is fixedly installed on the pressing table (2) and is coaxially arranged with the pressing plate (8). The feed swash plate (5) is used to drive the push rod (7) to reciprocate. The turntable (6) is rotatably disposed on the side of the feed swashplate (5) near the pressing plate (8), and the push rod (7) is slidably disposed in the turntable (6); The rotating shaft (4) of the motor (3) drives the turntable (6) and the pressing plate (8) to rotate simultaneously via a key connection.

4. The automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the feed swash plate (5) is provided with a ramp (19), and the push rod (7) and the turntable (6) are elastically connected by a return spring (20) so that the end of the push rod (7) always remains tangent to the surface of the ramp (19).

5. The automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod (7) has an upper cavity (23), a square groove (22) and a lower cavity (21) arranged sequentially along its axial direction. The lower cavity (21) is elastically connected to a slide (25) via a trigger spring (24); The push rod (7) is also provided with a correction rod (26), which includes a correction core rod (29), a cube (28) and a sphere (27) connected in sequence. The sphere (27) is hinged to the slide (25), the block (28) slides with the square groove (22), and the straightening core rod (29) extends into the upper cavity (23) and is in clearance fit with the upper cavity (23).

6. The automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing plate (8) is provided with a limiting plate group (9), which includes a first side plate (12), a central plate (13), and a second side plate (14) arranged sequentially along the feeding direction of the pressing plate (8). The first side plate (12) is disposed close to the circumferential side wall of the pressing plate (8); The central plate (13) is located in the middle of the upper surface of the pressing plate (8), and a gap is formed between the central plate (13) and the pressing plate (8) for the nail rod and the nail head to pass through. The second side plate (14) is located on the pressing side of the pressing plate (8).

7. The automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second side plate (14) has an arc-shaped plate (10) on the pressing side, and the arc-shaped plate (10) is elastically arranged along the radial direction of the pressing plate (8).

8. The automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fixing rod (15) is provided on the second side plate (14), and a sleeve rod (16) is slidably provided on the fixing rod (15). The sleeve rod (16) is provided on the arc plate (10). An anti-detachment spring (17) is connected between the arc plate (10) and the second side plate (14). The anti-detachment spring (17) is arranged around the fixing rod (15) and the sleeve rod (16).

9. The automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastening part includes a first groove (30), a second groove (31) and a third groove (33) arranged sequentially along the pressing direction, and an annular groove (32) is provided between the second groove (31) and the third groove (33). Furthermore, the width of the first groove (30) is greater than the diameter of the nail rod; The width of the second groove (31) is adapted to the diameter of the shank of the nail head; The width and depth of the annular groove (32) are adapted to the head size of the nail head; The third groove (33) has a chamfered structure (34) on the side near the second groove (31); The width of the third groove (33) is adapted to the diameter of the rod of the nail head.

10. The automatic assembly machine for aviation rivets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing plate (8) is equipped with an air blowing pipe (18) at the lower end of the discharge side.

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