A bearing ring hard turning processing equipment and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of bearing ring machining, and discloses a bearing ring hard turning machining device and a machining method, which comprise a lathe main body, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the lathe main body, a feeding module for storing bearing rings and correcting positions is arranged on one side of the mounting frame, an exchange module for synchronously feeding and discharging bearing rings is arranged on the top of the mounting frame, the exchange module comprises an adjusting assembly for eliminating eccentricity errors of the bearing rings when the bearing rings are clamped by a mechanical chuck, a discharging module for selecting a discharging position of the bearing rings is arranged on the other side of the mounting frame, the multiple assemblies are used in cooperation, automatic operation of bearing ring hard turning is realized, manual adjustment is not needed, the continuity of bearing ring feeding and discharging is improved, the time required for bearing ring feeding and discharging is reduced, and the efficiency of the device in machining bearing rings is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing ring machining technology, specifically to a bearing ring hard turning machining equipment and machining method. Background Technology

[0002] Bearing rings are the core components of rolling bearings. Their processing technology and quality directly affect the bearing's precision, lifespan, and performance. One step in the bearing ring processing is to turn the bearing rings to produce the required inner arc-shaped bearing rings.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese patent CN112809026B, which discloses a lathe for machining bearing rings. This lathe can prevent iron filings from splashing onto the unloading track in the receiving area and shorten the travel of the receiving hopper in the receiving area, thereby reducing the receiving time and improving the machining efficiency of bearing rings. However, it still has the following problems:

[0004] 1. Although it solves the problem of bearing ring blanking, the bearing ring loading still relies on manual installation. When installing the bearing ring, it is necessary to manually align the bearing ring and use a mechanical chuck to fix it. The uninterrupted loading and unloading of bearing rings results in low processing efficiency.

[0005] 2. During the machining of bearing rings, scratches may appear on the inner rings. When blanking, those with scratches and those without scratches are cut together. In use, they are usually used together, which leads to defects in the manufactured bearings.

[0006] 3. When fixing the bearing rings, the adjusting bolts on the side of the mechanical chuck are usually tightened manually. Manual adjustment will further aggravate the discontinuity of loading and unloading, and further reduce the processing efficiency of the bearing rings. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a bearing ring hard turning equipment and method. The main solutions are to address the problem that bearing ring loading still relies on manual installation, requiring manual alignment and mechanical chuck fixation, resulting in inconsistent loading and unloading and low processing efficiency. Furthermore, during the turning process, scratches may appear on the inner rings, leading to defects in the finished bearings due to mixing scratched and unscratched rings. Finally, fixing the bearing rings typically involves manually tightening the adjusting bolts on the side of the mechanical chuck, which further exacerbates the inconsistent loading and unloading, further reducing processing efficiency.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A bearing ring hard turning machine includes a lathe body, a mounting frame fixedly connected to the top of the lathe body, a loading module for storing and calibrating the bearing rings on one side of the mounting frame, an exchange module for synchronously loading and unloading the bearing rings on the top of the mounting frame, the exchange module including an adjustment component for eliminating eccentricity errors when the bearing rings are clamped by a mechanical chuck, a unloading module for selecting the unloading position of the bearing rings on the other side of the mounting frame, a detection module for judging scratches on the bearing rings on one side of the mounting frame and located between the unloading module and the exchange module, a positioning module for determining the stopping angle position of the mechanical chuck on the lathe body on one side of the mounting frame, and an loading and unloading module for automatically clamping the mechanical chuck after it stops on one side of the mounting frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the feeding module includes a feeding rack fixed to one side of the mounting frame, and a plurality of bearing rings to be machined are placed inside the feeding rack. A first clearance opening is provided on one side of the feeding rack, and a limiting plate welded to the feeding rack is provided below the first clearance opening. A correction component for correcting the position of the lowest bearing ring is provided on one side of the mounting frame.

[0011] Based on the aforementioned scheme, the correction component includes a first electric push rod fixed to one side of the mounting frame. The movable end of the first electric push rod is fixed with a push plate by bolts. A groove is opened on one side of the inner wall of the feeding frame, and the push plate is located in the groove. One side of the push plate is flush with the end face of the groove.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the exchange module includes a first ball screw module fixed to the top of the mounting frame. The movable end of the first ball screw module is fixed to a connecting frame by bolts. A slide is slidably connected to one side of the connecting frame. A first hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the other side of the connecting frame by bolts, and the movable end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the slide. A second ball screw module is fixed to one side of the slide by bolts. The movable end of the second ball screw module is fixed to a connecting seat by bolts. A mounting seat is welded to one side of the connecting seat. The bottom of the mounting seat is provided with two clamping components for loading and unloading, respectively. Two electrical control components for controlling the start of the loading and unloading module are provided on one side of the second ball screw module.

[0013] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a fixed frame disposed at the bottom of the mounting base. A second electric push rod is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the fixed frame by bolts. A fixed plate is welded to the outer wall of one side of the fixed frame. A clearance groove is provided on one side of the fixed plate. A slider fixed to the second electric push rod is slidably connected in the clearance groove. Both sides of the slider are rotatably connected to a lever arm. Both sides of the fixed plate are provided with sliding grooves. Sliding rods rotating with the lever arms are slidably connected in the sliding grooves. In the clamping assembly used for unloading, a clamping frame is welded to one end of the sliding rod. A rubber pad is adhered to one side of the clamping frame. The fixed frame in the clamping assembly used for unloading is fixed to the mounting base. The fixed frame in the clamping assembly used for loading is fixed to the mounting base through an adjusting assembly.

[0014] Based on the aforementioned solution, the adjustment component includes a support frame fixed above the fixed frame. An elastic rubber block is adhered to the inner top wall of the support frame. Multiple clearance holes are provided at the bottom of the mounting base, and the column of the support frame passes through the clearance holes. Multiple arc-shaped elastic plates are fixedly connected in each of the clearance holes, and the arc-shaped elastic plates contact the support frame and press the column to the center of the clearance hole.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the electronic control component includes two microswitches fixed on one side of the second ball screw module, and the two microswitches can contact the connecting seat.

[0016] Furthermore, the loading and unloading module includes a slide block that slides on one side of the mounting frame. A second hydraulic cylinder is fixed to one side of the mounting frame by bolts, and the movable end of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the slide block. A servo motor is fixed to the top of the slide block by bolts. The output shaft of the servo motor passes through the slide block and is connected to a connector. The positioning module includes an optical sensor fixed to one side of the mounting frame. An encoder is fixed to the outer circumference of the mechanical chuck on the lathe body by bolts. The optical sensor works in conjunction with the encoder to position the connector and the adjustment hole on the outer circumference of the mechanical chuck.

[0017] Based on the aforementioned scheme, the unloading module includes a third hydraulic cylinder fixed to one side of the mounting frame. The movable end of the third hydraulic cylinder is fixed with an unloading frame that is slidably connected to the mounting frame by bolts. The top outer wall and bottom outer wall of the unloading frame are respectively provided with a first unloading groove and a second unloading groove. Two second clearance openings are provided on one side of the unloading frame, which are respectively connected to the first unloading groove and the second unloading groove. The detection module includes a fixed seat fixed to the top inner wall of the mounting frame. Both sides of the fixed seat are fixed with vision sensors by bolts.

[0018] A method for hard turning bearing rings includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: First, place multiple bearing rings in the loading module, and then use the exchange module to move the bearing ring at the bottom of the loading module to the mechanical chuck.

[0020] S2: The mechanical chuck is positioned by the positioning module, and the mechanical chuck is driven by the loading and unloading module, so that the mechanical chuck clamps the bearing ring, and then the lathe body performs hard turning on the bearing ring.

[0021] S3: After turning is completed, the exchange module is used to assist in clamping the bearing rings, and then the mechanical chuck is released through the loading and unloading module so that the turned bearing rings can move.

[0022] S4: Use the exchange module to unload the clamped bearing rings. At the same time, the exchange module will also load the bearing rings at the bottom of the loading module, so that the loading and unloading of the bearing rings can be carried out simultaneously.

[0023] S5: During the blanking process of the bearing ring, it will pass through the detection module. The detection module will detect the turned bearing ring and transmit the data to the control system of the lathe body. The control system will control the blanking module to collect the bearing ring at the corresponding location, thereby completing the blanking operation of the bearing ring. After the blanking operation is completed, the exchange module will be reset, thus completing a complete bearing ring hard turning machining cycle.

[0024] S6: In subsequent processing, the equipment will repeat steps S1 to S5 to continuously automate the processing of the bearing rings.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a bearing ring hard turning equipment and processing method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. This invention achieves automated operation of bearing ring hard turning through the coordinated use of multiple components, eliminating the need for manual adjustment, improving the continuity of bearing ring loading and unloading, reducing the time required for bearing ring loading and unloading, and improving the efficiency of equipment in processing bearing rings.

[0027] 2. The present invention has a feeding module, and the width of the bearing ring is smaller than the distance between the inner walls of the two sides of the feeding frame, so that the bearing ring can slide down easily and improve the smoothness of feeding on the equipment.

[0028] 3. By incorporating a correction component, the center of the bearing ring can be aligned with the center of the mechanical chuck, thus completing the positioning of the bearing ring, reducing the risk of tilted installation of the bearing ring, and improving the quality of equipment processing.

[0029] 4. By incorporating an exchange module, the feeding and unloading of bearing rings can be carried out simultaneously, allowing their time to overlap, thereby reducing the transport time of bearing rings and improving the continuity of equipment loading and unloading.

[0030] 5. This invention, by incorporating an adjustment component, enables the feeding of bearing rings, avoiding positioning deviations that could damage the equipment and extending its service life.

[0031] 6. This invention, by incorporating a loading and unloading module, enables the adjustment of the mechanical chuck, reducing the labor required of workers and further improving the continuity of equipment loading and unloading.

[0032] 7. This invention features a feeding module that separates and feeds normal bearing rings from defective bearing rings, eliminating the need for secondary inspection and screening, and resulting in a high degree of equipment integration.

[0033] 8. This invention uses a detection module to inspect bearing races and processes and transmits the inspection information to the control system of the lathe body to achieve quality inspection of bearing races. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a bearing ring hard turning machining equipment proposed in this invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This invention proposes a bearing ring hard turning machining equipment. Figure 1 A partially enlarged structural diagram;

[0036] Figure 3 This invention proposes a bearing ring hard turning machining equipment. Figure 2 A partially enlarged structural diagram;

[0037] Figure 4 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the feeding module of a bearing ring hard turning equipment proposed in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This invention proposes a bearing ring hard turning machining equipment. Figure 4 A partially enlarged structural diagram;

[0039] Figure 6 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the exchange module of a bearing ring hard turning equipment proposed in this invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This invention proposes a bearing ring hard turning machining equipment. Figure 6 A partially enlarged structural diagram;

[0041] Figure 8This invention proposes a bearing ring hard turning machining equipment. Figure 7 A partially enlarged structural diagram;

[0042] Figure 9 This invention proposes a bearing ring hard turning machining equipment. Figure 8 A partially enlarged structural diagram;

[0043] Figure 10 This invention proposes a bearing ring hard turning machining equipment. Figure 9 A partial sectional view of the structure;

[0044] Figure 11 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the clamping structure of a bearing ring hard turning equipment proposed in this invention;

[0045] Figure 12 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the loading and unloading module of a bearing ring hard turning equipment proposed in this invention;

[0046] Figure 13 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the positioning module of a bearing ring hard turning equipment proposed in this invention;

[0047] Figure 14 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the blanking module of a bearing ring hard turning equipment proposed in this invention;

[0048] Figure 15 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the detection module of a bearing ring hard turning equipment proposed in this invention.

[0049] In the diagram: 1. Lathe body; 2. Mounting bracket; 3. Loading module; 301. Loading rack; 302. First clearance opening; 303. First electric push rod; 304. Limiting plate; 305. Groove; 306. Push plate; 4. Exchange module; 401. First ball screw module; 402. Connecting frame; 403. First hydraulic cylinder; 404. Slide; 405. Second ball screw module; 406. Micro switch; 407. Connecting seat; 408. Mounting seat; 409. Fixing frame; 410. Second electric push rod; 411. Slider; 412. Fixing plate; 413. Clearance groove; 414. Support frame; 4 15. Elastic rubber block; 416. Alternating hole; 417. Arc-shaped elastic plate; 418. Lever arm; 419. Slide rod; 420. Slide groove; 421. Clamp; 422. Rubber pad; 5. Loading / unloading module; 501. Second hydraulic cylinder; 502. Slide seat; 503. Servo motor; 504. Connector; 6. Positioning module; 601. Encoder; 602. Optical sensor; 7. Unloading module; 701. Third hydraulic cylinder; 702. Unloading rack; 703. First unloading groove; 704. Second unloading groove; 705. Second alternating opening; 8. Detection module; 801. Fixing base; 802. Vision sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0051] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0052] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0053] Reference Figures 1-15 A bearing ring hard turning machining equipment includes a lathe body 1, which is an existing lathe, mainly including a spindle box, feed box, tool post, bed, mechanical chuck, cooling system, hydraulic system, control system and chip removal system, etc., all of which are known components or operating systems, which can be learned by those skilled in the art from the technical manual, and will not be described in detail here.

[0054] The top of the lathe body 1 is fixed with a mounting bracket 2 by bolts. One side of the mounting bracket 2 is provided with a loading module 3 for storing bearing rings and correcting their position. The top of the mounting bracket 2 is provided with an exchange module 4 for synchronous loading and unloading of bearing rings. The exchange module 4 includes an adjustment component to eliminate the eccentricity error when the bearing rings are clamped by the mechanical chuck. The other side of the mounting bracket 2 is provided with a unloading module 7 for selecting the unloading position of the bearing rings. On one side of the mounting bracket 2, between the unloading module 7 and the exchange module 4, is a detection module 8 for judging the scratches on the bearing rings. One side of the mounting bracket 2 is provided with a positioning module 6 for determining the stopping angle position of the mechanical chuck on the lathe body 1. One side of the mounting bracket 2 is provided with a loading and unloading module 5 for automated clamping operation of the mechanical chuck after stopping. The loading position of the loading module 3, the unloading position of the unloading module 7, and the clamping position of the mechanical chuck are all located on the same horizontal line.

[0055] Based on the above, the hard turning method for bearing rings is as follows:

[0056] First, place multiple bearing rings in the feeding module 3, and then use the exchange module 4 to move the bearing rings at the bottom (frontmost, hereinafter referred to as the bottom) of the feeding module 3 to the mechanical chuck.

[0057] The mechanical chuck is positioned by the positioning module 6 and driven by the loading and unloading module 5, so that the mechanical chuck clamps the bearing ring, and then the lathe body 1 performs hard turning on the bearing ring.

[0058] After turning is completed, the bearing ring is assisted in clamping using the exchange module 4, and then the mechanical chuck is released using the loading and unloading module 5, so that the turned bearing ring can move.

[0059] The exchange module 4 is used to unload the clamped bearing rings. At the same time, the exchange module 4 will also load the bearing rings at the bottom of the loading module 3, so that the loading and unloading of bearing rings can be carried out simultaneously, reducing the alternation time of loading and unloading bearing rings and improving the processing efficiency of the equipment.

[0060] During the blanking process of the bearing ring, it will pass through the detection module 8. The detection module 8 will detect the turned bearing ring and transmit the data to the control system of the lathe body 1. The control system will control the blanking module 7 to make the bearing ring fall into the corresponding collection point, thereby completing the blanking operation of the bearing ring. After the blanking operation is completed, the exchange module 4 will be reset, thus completing a complete bearing ring hard turning machining cycle.

[0061] In subsequent processing, the equipment will repeat the above steps to continuously automate the processing of the bearing rings;

[0062] By using multiple components in combination, the hard turning of bearing rings can be automated without manual adjustment, improving the continuity of bearing ring loading and unloading, reducing the time required for loading and unloading bearing rings, and increasing the efficiency of equipment in processing bearing rings.

[0063] In order to store multiple bearing rings, the feeding module 3 of the present invention includes a feeding rack 301 fixed to one side of the mounting frame 2, and multiple bearing rings to be machined are placed in the feeding rack 301. A first clearance opening 302 is provided on one side of the feeding rack 301, and a limiting plate 304 welded to the feeding rack 301 is provided below the first clearance opening 302. A correction component for correcting the position of the lowest bearing ring is provided on one side of the mounting frame 2.

[0064] Multiple bearing rings are placed inside the loading rack 301, with one end of the loading rack 301 tilted so that all the bearing rings inside the loading rack 301 will roll downwards. In order to enable the bearing rings to roll down, when the bearing rings are inside the loading rack 301, the width of the bearing rings is less than the distance between the inner walls on both sides of the loading rack 301, so that the bearing rings can slide down easily and improve the smoothness of loading the equipment. When the bearing rings need to be loaded, the position of the bottom bearing ring is corrected using the correction component, thereby preventing the bearing rings from tilting after entering the mechanical chuck.

[0065] In order to correct the position of the bearing ring, the correction component in this invention includes a first electric push rod 303 fixed on one side of the mounting frame 2. The movable end of the first electric push rod 303 is fixed with a push plate 306 by bolts. A groove 305 is provided on one side of the inner wall of the feeding frame 301, and the push plate 306 is located in the groove 305. One side of the push plate 306 is flush with the end face of the groove 305.

[0066] When the first electric push rod 303 is activated, its extension causes the push plate 306 to move, which in turn pushes the lowest bearing ring to move. This allows the push plate 306 and the loading rack 301 to clamp the bearing ring, fixing its position and ensuring that the center of the bearing ring coincides with the center of the mechanical chuck. This completes the positioning of the bearing ring, reduces the risk of tilted installation, and improves the quality of equipment processing.

[0067] To load and unload the bearing modules, the exchange module 4 in this invention includes a first ball screw module 401 fixed to the top of the mounting frame 2. The first ball screw module 401 can change its left and right position. The moving end of the first ball screw module 401 is fixed to a connecting frame 402 by bolts. A slide 404 is slidably connected to one side of the connecting frame 402, and a first hydraulic cylinder 403 is fixed to the other side of the connecting frame 402 by bolts. The moving end of the first hydraulic cylinder 403 is fixed to the slide 404. The cylinder 403 changes its position forward and backward. A second ball screw module 405 is fixed to one side of the slide 404 by bolts. The second ball screw module 405 changes its position up and down. A connecting seat 407 is fixed to the moving end of the second ball screw module 405 by bolts. A mounting seat 408 is welded to one side of the connecting seat 407. The bottom of the mounting seat 408 is provided with two clamping components for loading and unloading respectively. Two electrical control components for controlling the loading and unloading module 5 to start are provided on one side of the second ball screw module 405.

[0068] The bearing rings to be machined or after machining are clamped and fixed using a clamping assembly. The first ball screw module 401, the first hydraulic cylinder 403, and the second ball screw module 405 are used to transfer the bearing rings and avoid misalignment during transfer, thereby completing the loading and unloading of the bearing rings. The loading and unloading of the bearing rings can be carried out simultaneously, so that their time overlaps, thereby reducing the transfer time of the bearing rings and improving the continuity of loading and unloading on the equipment.

[0069] To clamp the bearing rings, the clamping assembly of this invention includes a fixing frame 409 disposed at the bottom of the mounting base 408. A second electric push rod 410 is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the fixing frame 409 by bolts. A fixing plate 412 is welded to the outer wall of one side of the fixing frame 409. A clearance groove 413 is provided on one side of the fixing plate 412. A slider 411 fixed to the second electric push rod 410 is slidably connected in the clearance groove 413. Both sides of the slider 411 are rotatably connected to a lever arm 418. Both sides of the fixing plate 412 are provided with sliding grooves 420, and the sliding grooves 420 are connected to the clearance groove 413. A sliding rod 419 that rotates with the lever arm 418 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 420. Multiple auxiliary rollers roll on the force-bearing surface of the sliding rod 419 in the sliding groove 420 to reduce the friction of the sliding rod 419 in the sliding groove 420, so that the sliding rod 419 can slide easily in the sliding groove 420.

[0070] When clamping the bearing ring to be turned, first, make one end of the fixing plate 412 and the slide rod 419 both inside the bearing ring. Then, start the second electric push rod 410. The second electric push rod 410 extends and drives the slider 411 to move, so that the slider 411 presses one end of the force arm 418, and then the slide rod 419 slides in the slide groove 420, so that the slide rod 419 supports the inner wall of the bearing ring, thereby completing the support and fixation of the bearing ring to be turned.

[0071] Among them, one end of the slide bar 419 in the clamping assembly for unloading is welded with a clamp 421, a rubber pad 422 is glued to one side of the clamp 421, and the fixing frame 409 in the clamping assembly for unloading is fixed to the mounting base 408.

[0072] When clamping the machined bearing ring, the bearing ring is positioned between two clamps 421. The second electric push rod 410 is activated, and the second electric push rod 410 retracts, causing the slider 411 to move. This causes the slider 411 to pull one end of the power arm 418, which in turn causes the slide rod 419 to slide in the slide groove 420. This allows the two clamps 421 to clamp the bearing ring, thus completing the clamping and fixing of the machined bearing ring.

[0073] The clamping assembly for feeding is fixed to the mounting base 408 by adjusting the assembly, so that the mechanical chuck and the bearing ring are softly connected, eliminating the feeding error of the bearing ring and improving the service life of the equipment.

[0074] To eliminate the error between the mechanical chuck and the feeding assembly, the adjustment assembly in this invention includes a support frame 414 fixed above the fixed frame 409. An elastic rubber block 415 is adhered to the inner top wall of the support frame 414, and the bottom of the elastic rubber block 415 is fixed to the mounting base 408. The elastic rubber block 415 supports both the support frame 414 and the fixed frame 409, and the elastic rubber block 415 does not deform when the slide rod 419 supports the bearing ring to be machined. The bottom of the mounting base 408 has multiple clearance holes 416, and the column of the support frame 414 passes through the clearance holes 416 (e.g., ...). Figure 9 As shown), multiple arc-shaped elastic plates 417 are welded into each of the multiple clearance holes 416. The arc-shaped elastic plates 417 are made of elastic metal material, preferably elastic steel, and the arc-shaped elastic plates 417 contact the support frame 414 and press the column to the center position of the clearance hole 416.

[0075] When the bearing race to be machined is clamped by the mechanical chuck, if there is an eccentric error, the mechanical chuck will cause the bearing race to move, making the center of the bearing race coincide with the center of the mechanical chuck. The movement of the bearing race will cause the fixed frame 409 and the fixed plate 412 to move together, thereby changing the position of the support frame 414 in the clearance hole 416. At the same time, the arc-shaped elastic plate 417 and the elastic rubber block 415 will be deformed by the movement of the fixed frame 409, so that the fixed frame 409 and the fixed plate 412 can avoid the misalignment. When the slide rod 419 releases the support of the bearing race, the arc-shaped elastic plate 417 and the elastic rubber block 415 will return to their original positions, so that the bearing race can be loaded, avoiding the damage to the equipment due to positioning deviation and improving the service life of the equipment.

[0076] In order to start the loading and unloading module 5, the electronic control component in this invention includes two micro switches 406 fixed on one side of the second ball screw module 405, and the two micro switches 406 can contact the connecting seat 407. The model of the micro switch 406 is SS-3GL13SL.

[0077] Two microswitches 406 are located at the top and bottom of the second ball screw module 405, respectively. When the moving end of the second ball screw module 405 drives the connecting seat 407 to the top or bottom, the connecting seat 407 will contact the microswitches 406, thereby generating an electrical signal that is transmitted to the control system of the lathe body 1, thereby realizing the setting of the control time of the loading and unloading module 5 and improving the smoothness of equipment operation. The upper microswitch 406 is used to reset the mechanical chuck, and the lower microswitch 406 is used for the loading and unloading interval operation of the loading and unloading module 5.

[0078] In order to achieve automatic clamping of the mechanical chuck, the loading and unloading module 5 of the present invention includes a slide 502 that slides on one side of the mounting frame 2. A second hydraulic cylinder 501 is fixed to one side of the mounting frame 2 by bolts, and the movable end of the second hydraulic cylinder 501 is fixed to the slide 502. A servo motor 503 is fixed to the top of the slide 502 by bolts. The output shaft of the servo motor 503 passes through the slide 502 and is connected to a connector 504 by key.

[0079] When the second hydraulic cylinder 501 is activated, its extension causes the slide 502, servo motor 503, and connector 504 to move downwards, thereby inserting the connector 504 into the adjustment hole on the outer circumference of the mechanical chuck. When the servo motor 503 is activated, it drives the connector 504 to rotate, thus adjusting the mechanical chuck, reducing the labor required by workers, and further improving the continuity of loading and unloading.

[0080] The positioning module 6 includes an optical sensor 602 fixed to one side of the mounting bracket 2. The optical sensor 602 is model ITR9608. An encoder 601 is fixed to the outer circumference of the mechanical chuck on the lathe body 1 by bolts. The optical sensor 602 and the encoder 601 work together to position the adjusting hole of the connector 504 and the outer circumference of the mechanical chuck, so that the adjusting hole is located directly below the connector 504, thus solving the problem of the mechanical chuck being unable to be positioned when rotating.

[0081] In order to achieve different unloading positions of bearing rings after turning, the unloading module 7 of the present invention includes a third hydraulic cylinder 701 fixed on one side of the mounting frame 2. The movable end of the third hydraulic cylinder 701 is fixed with an unloading frame 702 that is slidably connected to the mounting frame 2 by bolts. The top outer wall and bottom outer wall of the unloading frame 702 are respectively provided with a first unloading groove 703 and a second unloading groove 704. Two second clearance openings 705 are provided on one side of the unloading frame 702, which are respectively connected to the first unloading groove 703 and the second unloading groove 704.

[0082] When the detection module 8 detects that the bearing ring is normal, the machined bearing ring can be sent to the second unloading groove 704 through the exchange module 4. When the detection module 8 detects that the bearing ring has scratches or damage, the third hydraulic cylinder 701 is activated. The third hydraulic cylinder 701 extends, so that the first unloading groove 703 is located at the second unloading groove 704, and then the bearing ring delivered by the exchange module 4 is delivered to the first unloading groove 703, thus completing the separation and unloading of normal bearing rings and defective bearing rings. No secondary inspection and screening are required, and the equipment has a high degree of integration.

[0083] The inspection module 8 includes a fixed base 801 fixed to the inner wall of the top of the mounting bracket 2. Both sides of the fixed base 801 are fixed with vision sensors 802 by bolts. Both vision sensors 802 are installed at an angle. The vision sensors 802 are In-Sight 2000. When the machined bearing ring is transferred by the exchange module 4, the bearing ring will pass in front of the two vision sensors 802, thereby inspecting the bearing ring and transmitting the inspection information to the control system of the lathe body 1 to realize the quality inspection of the bearing ring.

[0084] The first ball screw module 401 and the second ball screw module 405 are both existing technologies, including guide rails, supports, screws, nuts, balls and motors, etc., which can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0085] It should be noted that the first electric push rod 303, the first ball screw module 401, the first hydraulic cylinder 403, the second ball screw module 405, the micro switch 406, the second electric push rod 410, the second hydraulic cylinder 501, the servo motor 503, the encoder 601, the optical sensor 602, the third hydraulic cylinder 701, and the vision sensor 802 in this invention are all existing known components. Their structures and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0086] The hard turning of bearing rings involves the following steps:

[0087] S1: Place multiple bearing rings in the loading rack 301, start the first hydraulic cylinder 403, the first hydraulic cylinder 403 extends, thereby driving the fixed plate 412 to move, start the second ball screw module 405, thereby driving the fixed plate 412 to move downward until the fixed plate 412 contacts the limit plate 304 and stops.

[0088] S2: Start the first electric push rod 303. The extension of the first electric push rod 303 will drive the push plate 306 to move, thereby pushing the lowest bearing ring to move. This will cause the push plate 306 and the feeding rack 301 to clamp the bearing ring together, fix the position of the bearing ring, and make the center of the bearing ring coincide with the center of the mechanical chuck, thus completing the positioning of the bearing ring.

[0089] S3: Start the first hydraulic cylinder 403 to retract. The first hydraulic cylinder 403 drives the fixed plate 412 to move, so that one end of the fixed plate 412 passes through the first clearance hole 302 and is inserted into the bearing ring.

[0090] S4: Start the second electric push rod 410. The second electric push rod 410 extends and drives the slider 411 to move, so that the slider 411 presses one end of the force arm 418, thereby causing the slide rod 419 to slide in the slide groove 420, so that the slide rod 419 supports the inner wall of the bearing ring, thereby completing the support and fixation of the bearing ring to be machined.

[0091] S5: Start the second ball screw module 405. The second ball screw module 405 drives the fixed plate 412 and the bearing ring to move upward, thereby moving the bearing ring out of the loading rack 301. Then start the first hydraulic cylinder 403 to extend, so that the bearing ring is away from the top of the loading rack 301. Start the first ball screw module 401. The first ball screw module 401 drives the bearing ring to move to the left, so that the bearing ring is located above the mechanical chuck.

[0092] S6: Start the first hydraulic cylinder 403 to retract, so that the clamp 421 is directly above the second clearance opening 705; start the second ball screw module 405, so that the bearing ring is located in the mechanical chuck jaws.

[0093] S7: When the connecting seat 407 is moved to the uppermost or lowermost position by the second ball screw module 405, the connecting seat 407 will contact the micro switch 406. When the connecting seat 407 contacts the micro switch 406 below, the second hydraulic cylinder 501 is activated. The extension of the second hydraulic cylinder 501 will drive the slide 502, servo motor 503, and connector 504 to move downward, so that the connector 504 is inserted into the adjustment hole on the outer side of the mechanical chuck. The servo motor 503 is activated, and the servo motor 503 drives the connector 504 to rotate, thereby realizing the adjustment of the mechanical chuck.

[0094] S8: When the connector 407 contacts the micro switch 406 below, the servo motor 503 rotates forward to fix the bearing ring. When the connector 407 contacts the micro switch 406 below again, the servo motor 503 rotates in reverse to disassemble the bearing ring. The servo motor 503 rotates forward and in reverse in sequence at intervals.

[0095] S9: After the bearing ring is clamped and fixed, the second electric push rod 410 is activated. The second electric push rod 410 retracts and drives the slider 411 to move, thereby pulling one end of the power arm 418, and then causing the slide rod 419 to slide in the slide groove 420, thereby causing the slide rod 419 to disengage from the inner wall of the bearing ring, and thus releasing the support and fixation of the bearing ring to be machined.

[0096] S10: Start the first hydraulic cylinder 403, which extends and moves the fixed plate 412, causing it to move out of the bearing ring. Start the second ball screw module 405, which moves the fixed plate 412 upward so that the exchange module 4 does not obstruct the machining of the lathe body 1. Start the first ball screw module 401, which resets the mounting base 408. At this time, the lathe body 1 can perform hard turning on the bearing ring.

[0097] S11: After the turning is completed, the second ball screw module 405 is started, which drives the fixed plate 412 to move downward, so that the bearing ring is located on one side between the two clamps 421, and the connecting seat 407 contacts the micro switch 406 below again. At this time, the first hydraulic cylinder 403 is started to retract, so that the bearing ring is located between the two clamps 421.

[0098] S12: Start the second electric push rod 410. The second electric push rod 410 retracts and drives the slider 411 to move, thereby causing the slider 411 to pull one end of the power arm 418, and then causing the slide rod 419 to slide in the slide groove 420, thereby clamping the two clamps 421. At the same time, the second electric push rod 410 at the feeding module 3 repeats steps S2 and S4.

[0099] S13: After the machined bearing ring is detached from the mechanical chuck, repeat steps S5 and S6. At this time, the bearing ring held by the clamping assembly fixed on the mounting base 408 will be located diagonally above the second clearance opening 705. Step S3 can be repeated to achieve continuous loading and unloading operations and improve the continuity of loading and unloading on the equipment.

[0100] S14: During this process, the bearing ring held by the clamping assembly fixed on the mounting base 408 will pass in front of the vision sensor 802. The vision sensor 802 will detect the bearing ring and process the detection information and transmit it to the control system of the lathe body 1 to realize the quality inspection of the bearing ring. It will also transmit this signal to the third hydraulic cylinder 701 to separate the normal bearing ring from the defective bearing ring for unloading.

[0101] S15: It can automate the hard turning of bearing rings without manual adjustment, improve the continuity of bearing ring loading and unloading, reduce the time required for bearing ring loading and unloading, and improve the efficiency of equipment in processing bearing rings.

[0102] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0103] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bearing ring hard turning apparatus comprising a lathe body (1), characterized in that, The top of the lathe body (1) is fixedly connected with a mounting frame (2), one side of the mounting frame (2) is provided with an upper feeding module (3) for storing bearing rings and correcting positions, the top of the mounting frame (2) is provided with an exchange module (4) for synchronously feeding and discharging bearing rings, the exchange module (4) comprises an adjusting assembly for eliminating eccentricity errors of the bearing rings when clamped by a mechanical chuck, the other side of the mounting frame (2) is provided with a discharging module (7) for selecting a discharging position of the bearing rings, one side of the mounting frame (2) and located between the discharging module (7) and the exchange module (4) is provided with a detection module (8) for judging scratches of the bearing rings, one side of the mounting frame (2) is provided with a positioning module (6) for determining a stop angle position of the mechanical chuck of the lathe body (1), and one side of the mounting frame (2) is provided with a loading and unloading module (5) for automatically clamping the mechanical chuck after stopping; The exchange module (4) comprises a first ball screw module (401) fixed on the top of the mounting frame (2), the moving end of the first ball screw module (401) is fixedly connected with a connecting frame (402), one side of the connecting frame (402) is slidably connected with a sliding frame (404), the other side of the connecting frame (402) is fixedly connected with a first hydraulic oil cylinder (403), the moving end of the first hydraulic oil cylinder (403) is fixed with the sliding frame (404), one side of the sliding frame (404) is fixedly connected with a second ball screw module (405), the moving end of the second ball screw module (405) is fixedly connected with a connecting seat (407), one side of the connecting seat (407) is fixedly connected with a mounting seat (408), the bottom of the mounting seat (408) is provided with two clamping assemblies for feeding and discharging respectively, and one side of the second ball screw module (405) is provided with two electric control assemblies for controlling the loading and unloading module (5) to start; The clamping assembly comprises a fixed frame (409) arranged on the bottom of the mounting seat (408), the inner wall of one side of the fixed frame (409) is fixedly connected with a second electric push rod (410), the outer wall of one side of the fixed frame (409) is fixedly connected with a fixed plate (412), the fixed plate (412) is provided with an avoiding groove (413) on one side, the avoiding groove (413) is slidably connected with a sliding block (411) fixed with the second electric push rod (410), the two sides of the sliding block (411) are rotatably connected with force arms (418), the two sides of the fixed plate (412) are provided with sliding grooves (420), the sliding grooves (420) are slidably connected with sliding rods (419) rotatable with the force arms (418), one end of the sliding rod (419) in the clamping assembly for discharging is fixedly connected with a clamping frame (421), the clamping frame (421) is bonded with a rubber pad (422) on one side, the fixed frame (409) in the clamping assembly for discharging is fixed with the mounting seat (408), and the fixed frame (409) in the clamping assembly for feeding is fixed with the mounting seat (408) through the adjusting assembly. The adjusting assembly comprises a support frame (414) fixed above a fixing frame (409), the inner wall of the top of the support frame (414) is bonded with elastic rubber blocks (415), the bottom of the mounting seat (408) is provided with a plurality of avoiding holes (416), the column of the support frame (414) passes through the avoiding holes (416), a plurality of arc-shaped elastic plates (417) are fixedly connected in the avoiding holes (416), and the arc-shaped elastic plates (417) are in contact with the support frame (414) and extrude the column at the center position of the avoiding holes (416).

2. A bearing ring hard turning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The feeding module (3) comprises a feeding frame (301) fixed on one side of the mounting frame (2), and a plurality of bearing rings to be turned are placed in the feeding frame (301), a first avoiding opening (302) is formed in one side of the feeding frame (301), a limiting plate (304) is arranged below the first avoiding opening (302) and fixedly connected to the feeding frame (301), and a correcting assembly for correcting the position of the lowermost bearing ring is arranged on one side of the mounting frame (2).

3. A bearing ring hard turning apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The correcting assembly comprises a first electric push rod (303) fixed on one side of the mounting frame (2), and the movable end of the first electric push rod (303) is fixedly connected with a push disc (306), a groove (305) is formed in the inner wall of one side of the feeding frame (301), the push disc (306) is located in the groove (305), and one side of the push disc (306) is flush with the end face of the groove (305).

4. The apparatus for hard turning a bearing ring of claim 1, wherein, The electric control assembly comprises two micro switches (406) fixed on one side of the second ball screw module (405), and the two micro switches (406) can be in contact with the connecting seat (407).

5. The apparatus for hard turning a bearing ring of claim 1, wherein, The loading and unloading module (5) comprises a sliding seat (502) sliding on one side of the mounting frame (2), the mounting frame (2) is fixedly connected with a second hydraulic oil cylinder (501) on one side, the movable end of the second hydraulic oil cylinder (501) is fixed with the sliding seat (502), the top of the sliding seat (502) is fixedly connected with a servo motor (503), the output shaft of the servo motor (503) is connected with a connecting head (504) through the sliding seat (502), the positioning module (6) comprises an optical sensor (602) fixed on one side of the mounting frame (2), the circumferential outer side of the mechanical chuck on the lathe body (1) is fixedly connected with a code disc (601), and the optical sensor (602) is used in cooperation with the code disc (601) to position the adjusting hole of the connecting head (504) and the circumferential outer side of the mechanical chuck.

6. A bearing ring hard turning apparatus according to claim 5, wherein The blanking module (7) includes a third hydraulic oil cylinder (701) fixed on one side of the mounting frame (2), the movable end of the third hydraulic oil cylinder (701) is fixedly connected with a blanking frame (702) in sliding connection with the mounting frame (2), the top outer wall and the bottom outer wall of the blanking frame (702) are respectively provided with a first blanking groove (703) and a second blanking groove (704), and two second avoiding openings (705) are formed in one side of the blanking frame (702) and respectively communicated with the first blanking groove (703) and the second blanking groove (704), and the detection module (8) includes a fixed seat (801) fixed on the top inner wall of the mounting frame (2), and the fixed seat (801) is fixedly connected with a visual sensor (802) on both sides.

7. A method of hard turning a bearing ring for a bearing ring hard turning apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: S1: first, a plurality of bearing rings are placed in the feeding module (3), and then the bearing ring at the bottom of the feeding module (3) is moved to the mechanical chuck by using the exchange module (4); S2: the mechanical chuck is positioned by the positioning module (6), and the mechanical chuck is driven by the loading and unloading module (5), so that the mechanical chuck clamps the bearing ring, and then the lathe main body (1) performs hard turning on the bearing ring; S3: after turning, the exchange module (4) is used for auxiliary clamping of the bearing ring, and the mechanical chuck is loosened by the loading and unloading module (5), so that the turned bearing ring can be moved; S4: the exchange module (4) is used for blanking of the clamped bearing ring, and the exchange module (4) also feeds the bearing ring at the bottom of the feeding module (3), so that the feeding and blanking of the bearing ring are carried out at the same time; S5: in the process of blanking of the bearing ring, the detection module (8) is passed, the detection module (8) detects the turned bearing ring and transmits data to the control system of the lathe main body (1), the control system controls the blanking module (7), so that the bearing ring falls into the corresponding collection place, thereby completing the blanking of the bearing ring, and after the blanking is completed, the exchange module (4) is reset, so that a complete bearing ring hard turning processing cycle is completed; S6: in the subsequent processing process, the equipment repeats the steps of S1 to S5, and continuously processes the bearing ring automatically.

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