Thermal management system and vehicle with same

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal management system and a vehicle with the same. The system specifically comprises a first circulating pipeline, the first circulating pipeline is provided with a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a heat exchanger and a liquid-gas separator, the evaporator, the condenser and the liquid-gas separator are communicated to form a first branch pipeline system, and the heat exchanger, the condenser and the liquid-gas separator are communicated to form a second branch pipeline system; the compressor communicates with the condenser and the liquid-gas separator, and the first branch pipeline system and the second branch pipeline system are independently arranged. The second circulating pipeline is communicated with the first circulating pipeline through the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger, the power battery and the water supplementing tank are communicated to form a third branch pipeline system, and the heat exchanger, the skyscreen glass runner and the water supplementing tank are communicated to form a fourth branch pipeline system; and the conducting state of the third branch pipeline system and the fourth branch pipeline system is controlled through the three-way valve. The problem that the sunscreen glass cannot be effectively cooled in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle cooling technology, and more specifically, to a thermal management system and a vehicle having the same. Background Technology

[0002] In the electric vehicle sector, panoramic sunroofs have become a common feature for enhancing the sense of luxury and spaciousness in vehicles, but they also bring a series of technical challenges. While the panoramic sunroofs commonly used in current pure electric vehicles offer a wide field of vision and enhanced interior lighting, their high light transmittance (over 70%) allows solar radiation to directly penetrate the glass, causing the surface temperature to rise to 60-80°C. This not only affects passenger comfort, particularly the intense heat in the head area, but also places higher demands on interior temperature control. To cope with the additional heat introduced by the sunroof, the air conditioning system needs to operate at high power continuously to cool and counteract the heat radiation, maintaining a comfortable interior temperature. However, this high-energy-consumption operation significantly reduces the driving range of electric vehicles, especially in NEDC testing, where the range is reduced by 10%-15%.

[0003] To address these issues, existing technologies have explored various solutions, including sunshades, low-emissivity (Low-E) coated glass, and electrochromic glass. While sunshades physically block sunlight, their shading properties severely impact the light transmittance of the panoramic sunroof and the perceived spaciousness of the vehicle interior. Low-E coated glass primarily reduces heat entry by decreasing radiative heat transfer, but it is largely ineffective against heat transferred through conduction, especially under direct sunlight where the thermal conductivity remains significant. Electrochromic glass, while capable of adjusting light transmittance to reduce heat radiation, is limited in application due to its high cost and power consumption.

[0004] No effective solution has yet been proposed to address the above issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a thermal management system and a vehicle having the same, in order to solve the problem in the prior art that the panoramic glass cannot effectively cool down, resulting in excessively high temperature in the passenger compartment and increased energy consumption of electric vehicles.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a thermal management system is provided, comprising: a first circulation pipe, on which a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a heat exchanger, and a liquid-gas separator are disposed, wherein the evaporator, condenser, and liquid-gas separator are connected to form a first branch pipe system, and the heat exchanger, condenser, and liquid-gas separator are connected to form a second branch pipe system, wherein the compressor is connected to both the condenser and the liquid-gas separator, and the first and second branch pipe systems are independently configured; and a second circulation pipe, on which a heat exchanger, a three-way valve, a power battery, a canopy glass flow channel, and a water supply tank are sequentially disposed. The second circulation pipeline is connected to the first circulation pipeline via a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger, the power battery, and the water tank are connected to form a third branch pipeline system. The heat exchanger, the skylight glass flow channel, and the water tank are connected to form a fourth branch pipeline system. The conduction status of the third and fourth branch pipeline systems is controlled by a three-way valve. The coolant generated by the condenser flows through the first and second circulation pipelines to cool at least one of the passenger compartment, the power battery, and the skylight glass. The passenger compartment is adjacent to the first branch pipeline system, the power battery is adjacent to the third branch pipeline system, and the skylight glass is adjacent to the fourth branch pipeline system.

[0007] Furthermore, the first circulation pipeline also includes: a first connecting pipe, on which a first expansion valve is installed, the first connecting pipe being used to connect one end of the condenser and the evaporator; a second connecting pipe, on which a second expansion valve is installed, the second connecting pipe being used to connect one end of the condenser and the heat exchanger; wherein, by adjusting the opening degree of the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve, the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the heat exchanger and the evaporator is controlled.

[0008] Furthermore, the first circulation pipeline also includes: a third connecting pipe, which is used to connect the other end of the evaporator to the liquid-gas separator; and a fourth connecting pipe, which is used to connect the other end of the heat exchanger to the liquid-gas separator.

[0009] Furthermore, the first circulation pipeline also includes a pressure and temperature sensor, which is disposed between the condenser and the evaporator, and / or, between the condenser and the heat exchanger.

[0010] Furthermore, the third branch piping system includes: a fifth connecting pipe, on which a first water pump is installed, and which is used to connect a three-way valve and one end of the power battery; and a seventh connecting pipe, on which a first water temperature sensor is installed, and which is used to connect the other end of the power battery to the water supply tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the fourth branch piping system includes: a sixth connecting pipe, on which a second water pump is installed, and which is used to connect a three-way valve and one end of the canopy glass flow channel; and an eighth connecting pipe, on which a second water temperature sensor is installed, and which is used to connect the other end of the canopy glass flow channel to the water supply tank.

[0012] Furthermore, by adjusting the rotational speeds of the first and second water pumps, the flow rate of the coolant in the hydrodynamic battery and the canopy glass channel is controlled.

[0013] In another aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle including a thermal management system, wherein the thermal management system is any one of the thermal management systems described above.

[0014] Furthermore, the vehicle includes a panoramic glass assembly, which includes an upper glass panel and a lower glass panel. The panoramic glass channel is located between the upper glass panel and the lower glass panel. The side of the lower glass panel away from the panoramic glass channel is bonded to the vehicle body sheet metal structure with glass glue, so that the panoramic glass assembly is fixed to the top of the vehicle.

[0015] Furthermore, the canopy glass flow channel includes a main flow channel and multiple branch flow channels. The two ends of each branch flow channel are connected to the main flow channel. Each branch flow channel is spaced apart along the length of the canopy glass assembly. The two ends of the main flow channel are provided with inlet connectors and outlet connectors. The inlet connector is connected to a three-way valve through a sixth connecting pipe, and the outlet connector is connected to a water supply tank through an eighth connecting pipe.

[0016] By applying the technical solution of this invention, the effective coordination of the first and second circulation pipes achieves cooling of the passenger compartment, power battery, and panoramic glass. Especially in high-temperature environments, it effectively reduces the high temperature of the panoramic glass caused by direct sunlight, reduces heat radiation within the passenger compartment, and improves ride comfort. With the control of a three-way valve, the system can precisely allocate coolant flow to the power battery and panoramic glass channels according to actual needs, avoiding energy waste, reducing overall vehicle energy consumption, and extending the driving range of electric vehicles. This application solves the problem in the prior art where the panoramic glass cannot be effectively cooled, leading to excessively high passenger compartment temperatures and increased energy consumption in electric vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the thermal management system according to the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the canopy glass flow channel according to the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the canopy glass flow channel according to the present invention is shown.

[0021] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0022] 1. Compressor;

[0023] 2. Liquid-gas separator;

[0024] 3. Condenser;

[0025] 4. First expansion valve;

[0026] 5. Evaporator;

[0027] 6. Second expansion valve;

[0028] 7. Heat exchanger;

[0029] 8. Pressure and temperature sensor;

[0030] 9. Three-way valve;

[0031] 10. First water pump;

[0032] 11. Power battery;

[0033] 12. Second water pump;

[0034] 13. Skylight glass flow channel;

[0035] 14. Second water temperature sensor;

[0036] 15. First water temperature sensor;

[0037] 16. First connecting pipe;

[0038] 17. Second connecting pipe;

[0039] 18. Third connecting pipe;

[0040] 19. Fourth connecting pipe;

[0041] 20. Fifth connecting pipe;

[0042] 21. Sixth connecting pipe;

[0043] 22. Seventh connecting pipe;

[0044] 23. Eighth connecting pipe;

[0045] 24. Water supply tank;

[0046] 31. Skylight glass assembly;

[0047] 32. Branch flow channel;

[0048] 33. Inlet connector;

[0049] 34. Outlet connector;

[0050] 42. Place the glass plate on top;

[0051] 43. Lower glass plate;

[0052] 44. Silicone sealant;

[0053] 45. Sealing strip;

[0054] 46. ​​Body sheet metal structure. Detailed Implementation

[0055] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0056] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0057] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0058] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application is thorough and complete, and that the concept of these exemplary embodiments is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to denote the same devices, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0059] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a thermal management system is provided according to a specific embodiment of this application.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system includes: a first circulation pipeline, on which a compressor 1, a condenser 3, an evaporator 5, a heat exchanger 7, and a liquid-gas separator 2 are installed. The evaporator 5, condenser 3, and liquid-gas separator 2 are connected to form a first branch pipeline system, and the heat exchanger 7, condenser 3, and liquid-gas separator 2 are connected to form a second branch pipeline system. The compressor 1 is connected to both the condenser 3 and the liquid-gas separator 2. The first and second branch pipeline systems are independently configured. A second circulation pipeline, on which a heat exchanger 7, a three-way valve 9, a power battery 11, a canopy glass flow channel 13, and a water supply tank 24 are sequentially installed. The second circulation pipeline... Heat exchanger 7 is connected to the first circulation pipe. Heat exchanger 7, power battery 11 and water tank 24 are connected to form a third branch pipe system. Heat exchanger 7, skylight glass flow channel 13 and water tank 24 are connected to form a fourth branch pipe system. The connection state between the third branch pipe system and the fourth branch pipe system is controlled by a three-way valve 9. The coolant generated by condenser 3 flows through the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe to cool at least one of the passenger compartment, power battery 11 and skylight glass. The passenger compartment is adjacent to the first branch pipe system, the power battery 11 is adjacent to the third branch pipe system, and the skylight glass is adjacent to the fourth branch pipe system.

[0061] Compressor 1, as the heart of the entire system, is responsible for compressing the refrigerant from a low-pressure gaseous state to a high-pressure gaseous state, providing power for the cooling cycle. The outlet of compressor 1 is connected to condenser 3, while the inlet is connected to liquid-gas separator 2. Condenser 3 receives the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from compressor 1 and condenses it into a high-pressure liquid state through heat exchange with the external environment, releasing heat to the environment simultaneously. The coolant generated by condenser 3 is distributed through a first circulation pipe and a second circulation pipe to meet the cooling needs of the crew compartment, power battery 11, and skylight glass. Liquid-gas separator 2 separates the liquid and gas components in the refrigerant, ensuring that the refrigerant entering compressor 1 is gaseous, thus improving compression efficiency.

[0062] Heat exchanger 7 serves as the junction of the first and second circulation pipes, allowing the coolant from the first circulation pipe to enter the second circulation pipe for heat exchange. In this embodiment, a plate heat exchanger is selected for heat exchange, but the type of heat exchanger can be changed according to actual needs.

[0063] By applying the technical solution of this invention, the effective coordination of the first and second circulation pipes achieves cooling of the passenger compartment, the power battery 11, and the panoramic glass. Especially in high-temperature environments, it effectively reduces the high temperature of the panoramic glass caused by direct sunlight, reduces heat radiation within the passenger compartment, and improves ride comfort. With the control of the three-way valve 9, the system can precisely allocate coolant flow to the power battery 11 and the panoramic glass flow channel 13 according to actual needs, avoiding energy waste, reducing overall vehicle energy consumption, and extending the electric vehicle's driving range. This application solves the problem in the prior art where the panoramic glass cannot be effectively cooled, leading to excessively high passenger compartment temperatures and increased energy consumption in the electric vehicle.

[0064] Optionally, the first circulation pipeline further includes: a first connecting pipe 16, on which a first expansion valve 4 is installed, and the first connecting pipe 16 is used to connect one end of the condenser 3 and the evaporator 5; a second connecting pipe 17, on which a second expansion valve 6 is installed, and the second connecting pipe 17 is used to connect one end of the condenser 3 and the heat exchanger 7; wherein, by adjusting the opening of the first expansion valve 4 and the second expansion valve 6, the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the heat exchanger 7 and the evaporator 5 is controlled. By setting up the connecting pipe and the liquid-gas separator 2, the smooth flow and phase change of the refrigerant in the circulation pipeline are ensured.

[0065] Specifically, the first connecting pipe 16 connects one end of the condenser 3 and the evaporator 5. In the condenser 3, the refrigerant undergoes heat exchange with the outside air, changing from a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous state to a low-temperature, high-pressure liquid state. The first expansion valve 4 is located on the first connecting pipe 16. Its function is to throttle and reduce pressure, converting the low-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser 3 into a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid mixture before it is sent to the evaporator 5. The opening degree of the first expansion valve 4 is crucial for controlling the refrigerant flow rate into the evaporator 5. By adjusting the opening degree of the first expansion valve 4, the evaporation rate and extent of the refrigerant in the evaporator 5 can be controlled, thereby affecting the cooling effect in the passenger compartment.

[0066] Specifically, the second connecting pipe 17 connects one end of the condenser 3 and the heat exchanger 7, and is used to transfer the cold energy generated in the condenser 3 to the heat exchanger 7, thereby affecting the coolant in the second circulation pipe. The second expansion valve 6 is located on the second connecting pipe 17, and its function is similar to that of the first expansion valve 4. It also controls the state of the refrigerant by throttling and reducing pressure, thereby regulating the flow rate of the refrigerant into the heat exchanger 7. By adjusting the opening of the second expansion valve 6, the cooling degree of the coolant in the heat exchanger 7 can be controlled, ensuring that the power battery 11 and the skylight glass receive appropriate cooling, while avoiding excessive cooling and energy waste.

[0067] Optionally, the first circulation pipe further includes: a third connecting pipe 18, which connects the other end of the evaporator 5 to the liquid-gas separator 2; and a fourth connecting pipe 19, which connects the other end of the heat exchanger 7 to the liquid-gas separator 2.

[0068] In one specific embodiment, the system can precisely allocate the refrigerant flow to the evaporator 5 and heat exchanger 7 by dynamically adjusting the opening of the first expansion valve 4 and the second expansion valve 6, thereby achieving comprehensive cooling management of the passenger compartment, power battery, and panoramic glass. When priority cooling of the passenger compartment is required, the opening of the first expansion valve 4 can be increased while the opening of the second expansion valve 6 can be decreased, directing more refrigerant to the evaporator 5. Conversely, if the cooling demand of the power battery or panoramic glass is more urgent, the opening of the second expansion valve 6 can be increased while the opening of the first expansion valve 4 can be decreased, allowing more coolant to pass through the heat exchanger 7 to cool the power battery 11 and the panoramic glass flow channel 13. The first circulation pipeline includes a cooling mode with heat exchange only in the evaporator, a cooling mode with heat exchange only in the heat exchanger, and a cooling mode with simultaneous heat exchange in the evaporator and plate heat exchanger. This dynamic flow allocation mechanism enables the thermal management system to flexibly adjust cooling resources according to the actual operating conditions of the vehicle and passenger needs, achieving more efficient and energy-saving vehicle thermal management.

[0069] Optionally, the first circulation pipeline also includes a pressure and temperature sensor 8, which is disposed between the condenser 3 and the evaporator 5, and / or between the condenser 3 and the heat exchanger 7. This embodiment, by incorporating a pressure and temperature sensor, enables real-time monitoring of the refrigerant's condition, providing crucial data for system control. This data is used to control the opening of the expansion valve and adjust the compressor speed.

[0070] Optionally, the third branch piping system includes: a fifth connecting pipe 20, on which a first water pump 10 is installed, and the fifth connecting pipe 20 is used to connect one end of the three-way valve 9 and the power battery 11; and a seventh connecting pipe 22, on which a first water temperature sensor 15 is installed, and the seventh connecting pipe 22 is used to connect the other end of the power battery 11 to the water supply tank 24.

[0071] The fifth connecting pipe 20 connects the three-way valve 9 and the power battery 11, and is specifically used for cooling the power battery. The first water pump 10 is installed on the fifth connecting pipe 20. Its function is to drive the coolant to circulate in the third branch pipeline system, ensuring that the coolant can effectively flow through the power battery 11 and carry away the heat generated during its operation.

[0072] The coolant is selectively introduced into the fifth connecting pipe 20 by the control of the three-way valve 9, and then pressurized by the first water pump 10 and sent into the cooling system of the power battery 11.

[0073] The seventh connecting pipe 22 connects the power battery 11 and the water tank 24, and is part of the coolant return circulation from the power battery 11 to the system. A first water temperature sensor 15 is installed on the seventh connecting pipe 22 to detect the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the power battery 11. This temperature information is crucial because it reflects the cooling effect of the power battery 11. The detected water temperature data is transmitted to the control system to adjust the operating status of the first water pump 10, the speed of the compressor 1, and the opening of the second expansion valve 6 in real time, ensuring that the power battery 11 is cooled to the optimal temperature range while avoiding energy waste.

[0074] Optionally, the fourth branch piping system includes: a sixth connecting pipe 21, on which a second water pump 12 is installed, and the sixth connecting pipe 21 is used to connect one end of the three-way valve 9 and the skylight glass flow channel 13; and an eighth connecting pipe 23, on which a second water temperature sensor 14 is installed, and the eighth connecting pipe 23 is used to connect the other end of the skylight glass flow channel 13 to the water supply tank 24.

[0075] The sixth connecting pipe 21 connects the three-way valve 9 and the skylight glass flow channel 13, and is a key component of the skylight glass cooling system. The second water pump 12 is located on the sixth connecting pipe 21, and its function is similar to that of the first water pump 10, namely, to drive the coolant to circulate in the fourth branch piping system, cooling the skylight glass to reduce the impact of solar radiation on the passenger compartment. The coolant enters the sixth connecting pipe 21 through another outlet of the three-way valve 9 and flows through the skylight glass flow channel 13 under the drive of the second water pump 12.

[0076] The eighth connecting pipe 23 connects the skylight glass flow channel 13 and the water tank 24, forming a link in the coolant circulation loop. The second water temperature sensor 14 is installed on the eighth connecting pipe 23 to monitor the temperature of the coolant after it reaches the skylight glass flow channel 13, thus assessing the cooling effect of the skylight glass. The water temperature data is also sent to the control system to adjust the operating status of the second water pump 12, ensuring that the cooling effect of the skylight glass meets expectations.

[0077] Optionally, the flow rate of coolant in the hydroelectric battery 11 and the skylight glass channel 13 can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the first water pump 10 and the second water pump 12.

[0078] Through the coordinated operation of the first water pump 10 and the second water pump 12, and the feedback from the first water temperature sensor 15 and the second water temperature sensor 14, the system can intelligently adjust the flow rate and temperature of the coolant to achieve the best cooling effect on the power battery 11 and the skylight glass.

[0079] The second circulation pipeline includes modes for separate heat exchange of the power battery, separate heat exchange of the skylight glass channel, and simultaneous heat exchange of the power battery and skylight glass. The three-way valve 9 serves as a connection point, enabling the switching of coolant flow between the third and fourth branch piping systems, flexibly allocating cooling resources according to actual needs and cooling priorities.

[0080] The water tank 24 plays an important role in the second circulation pipeline. It not only provides storage space for coolant, but also participates in the temperature regulation and replenishment of coolant through the seventh connecting pipe 22 and the eighth connecting pipe 23 during the coolant circulation process, ensuring the stability and continuity of system operation.

[0081] In one specific embodiment, during passenger compartment cooling, compressor 1 increases the pressure and temperature of gaseous refrigerant in the first circulation pipe. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the outside air through condenser 3, causing the gaseous refrigerant to cool and condense into liquid refrigerant. Then, it is throttled through the first expansion valve to reduce the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant, and exchanges heat with the air in the passenger compartment through the evaporator, thereby achieving passenger compartment cooling. At this time, the liquid refrigerant after the outdoor condenser is throttled through the second expansion valve and its temperature is reduced in the second circulation pipe through the plate heat exchanger. The coolant is then diverted through the three-way valve to the sunroof glass channel, reducing the temperature of the sunroof glass and thus reducing heat radiation, achieving rapid cooling of the passenger compartment and improving the driving experience.

[0082] The passenger compartment cooling circuit of this system is as follows: High-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from compressor 1 enters condenser 3. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the ambient space through condenser 3, condensing into a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant. This liquid refrigerant passes through the first expansion valve 4, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid mixture. This mixture then absorbs heat from the passenger compartment through evaporator 5, lowering the compartment temperature. The low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant leaving evaporator 5 enters liquid-gas separator 2 through the third connecting pipe 18. The gaseous refrigerant then returns to compressor 1 for compression, becoming a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant again, restarting the refrigeration cycle.

[0083] The battery cooling circuit of this system is as follows: High-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from compressor 1 enters condenser 3. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the ambient space through the outdoor condenser 3, condensing into a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant (i.e., coolant). The liquid refrigerant is throttled by the second expansion valve 6, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid mixture refrigerant, which then enters the second circulation pipe through heat exchanger 7 for heat exchange. At this time, the three-way valve 9 is placed in the position connected to the power battery, and the first water pump 10 is run, allowing coolant to flow through the power battery 11, carrying away the heat from the power battery 11 and cooling it down. The temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the power battery 11 is monitored by the first water temperature sensor 15, which is used to control the speed of the first water pump 10, the compressor 1, and the opening of the second expansion valve 6. The heated coolant flows back through the plate heat exchanger 7, restarting the cooling cycle.

[0084] The cooling circuit for the canopy glass in this system is as follows: High-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from compressor 1 enters the outdoor condenser 3. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the ambient space through condenser 3, condensing into a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant (i.e., coolant). The liquid refrigerant is throttled by the first expansion valve 4, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid mixture, which then enters the second circulation pipe through heat exchanger 7 for further heat exchange. At this time, the three-way valve 9 is positioned to connect to the canopy glass flow channel 13, and the second water pump 12 is operated, allowing the coolant to flow through the canopy glass flow channel 13, undergoing heat exchange and cooling. The temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the canopy glass flow channel 13 is monitored by the second water temperature sensor 14, which is used to control the speed of the second water pump 12, compressor 1, and the opening of the second expansion valve 6. The heated coolant then flows back through the plate heat exchanger 7, restarting the cooling cycle.

[0085] In the first circulation pipeline of this system, the first expansion valve 4 and the second expansion valve 6 work simultaneously. In the second circulation pipeline, the three-way valve 9 is positioned to simultaneously connect the power battery 11 and the skylight glass flow channel 13, and the first water pump 10 and the second water pump 12 work simultaneously, so that the crew cabin cooling, battery cooling and skylight glass cooling are carried out simultaneously.

[0086] In another aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle including a thermal management system, wherein the thermal management system is any one of the thermal management systems described above.

[0087] Optionally, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle includes a panoramic glass assembly 31, which includes an upper glass panel 42 and a lower glass panel 43. A panoramic glass flow channel 13 is located between the upper glass panel 42 and the lower glass panel 43. The side of the lower glass panel 43 away from the panoramic glass flow channel 13 is bonded to the vehicle body sheet metal structure 46 by glass adhesive 44, thus fixing the panoramic glass assembly 31 to the top of the vehicle. In this embodiment, by setting a flow channel in the panoramic glass assembly, active cooling of the panoramic glass is achieved. Coolant flows in the flow channel, reducing the temperature of the panoramic glass through heat exchange.

[0088] It should be further explained that a sunroof glass channel 13 is sandwiched between the upper glass panel 42 and the lower glass panel 43, forming a double-layer composite structure. This design allows the coolant to flow directly through the interior of the sunroof glass, reducing the glass temperature through heat exchange and thus reducing heat radiation into the passenger compartment. The upper glass panel 42 is located on the outside of the sunroof glass assembly 31, directly facing the external environment and solar radiation. Its materials and structure must have good weather resistance and light transmittance to ensure the vehicle's aesthetics and passenger visibility are not affected. The lower glass panel 43 is located below the upper glass panel 42 and is directly adjacent to the passenger compartment roof. The inner side of the lower glass panel 43, away from the sunroof glass channel 13, is bonded to the vehicle body sheet metal structure 46 using glass adhesive 44, ensuring that the sunroof glass assembly 31 is firmly fixed to the vehicle roof while maintaining a seal to prevent coolant leakage.

[0089] Optionally, the panoramic glass assembly 31 also includes a sealing strip 45, which is located around the edges of the lower glass panel 43 and the upper glass panel 42 and fits tightly against the body sheet metal structure 46. This creates a closed contact interface between the lower glass panel 43 and the upper glass panel 42, preventing external moisture and dust from entering the vehicle compartment, and also preventing coolant from leaking from the panoramic glass channel 13 into the vehicle interior.

[0090] Optionally, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 The illustrated canopy glass flow channel 13 includes a main flow channel and multiple branch flow channels 32. Each branch flow channel 32 is connected to the main flow channel at both ends and is spaced apart along the length of the canopy glass assembly 31. The main flow channel has an inlet connector 33 and an outlet connector 34 at both ends. The inlet connector 33 is connected to a three-way valve 9 via a sixth connecting pipe 21, and the outlet connector 34 is connected to a water supply tank 24 via an eighth connecting pipe 23. This embodiment achieves uniform distribution of coolant within the canopy glass by configuring the main flow channel and multiple branch flow channels 32, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. In principle, the coolant enters through the inlet connector, circulates through the branch flow channels and the main flow channel, and exchanges heat with the canopy glass, thus reducing its temperature.

[0091] In this embodiment, the canopy glass assembly 31 is 1600mm long and 1000mm wide, and has 9 parallel branch channels 32. The spacing between adjacent branch channels is 160mm, and the width of a single branch channel is 10mm and the height is 3mm. According to the simulation results, when the coolant flow rate is 5L / min, the pressure drop from the inlet connector 33 to the outlet connector 34 of the canopy glass channel 13 is 22kPa, indicating that the channel design is reasonable and can effectively achieve heat exchange without causing excessive flow resistance.

[0092] The inlet connector 33 to the outlet connector 34 use SAE quick-connect fittings to ensure a tight seal with the corresponding connecting pipe.

[0093] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0094] This solution effectively reduces heat from solar radiation by incorporating flow channels within the panoramic sunroof and utilizing coolant circulation. This decreases the temperature rise in the passenger compartment, improving driving and passenger comfort, especially reducing the burning sensation in the head area during hot summers. Particularly in high-temperature environments, the air conditioning no longer needs to operate at high power for extended periods to counteract the heat radiation from the panoramic sunroof, thus reducing the demand on the vehicle's battery for cooling and contributing to an increase in the electric vehicle's driving range.

[0095] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0096] In addition to the above, it should be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "another embodiment," and "embodiment" used in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment described in the general description of this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, the intention is to suggest that implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this invention.

[0097] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0098] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system, characterized in that, include: The first circulation pipeline is equipped with a compressor (1), a condenser (3), an evaporator (5), a heat exchanger (7), and a liquid-gas separator (2). The evaporator (5), the condenser (3), and the liquid-gas separator (2) are connected to form a first branch pipeline system. The heat exchanger (7), the condenser (3), and the liquid-gas separator (2) are connected to form a second branch pipeline system. The compressor (1) is connected to both the condenser (3) and the liquid-gas separator (2). The first branch pipeline system and the second branch pipeline system are set up independently. The second circulation pipeline is provided with the heat exchanger (7), the three-way valve (9), the power battery (11), the canopy glass flow channel (13), and the water supply tank (24) in sequence. The second circulation pipeline is connected to the first circulation pipeline through the heat exchanger (7). The heat exchanger (7), the power battery (11), and the water supply tank (24) are connected to form a third branch pipeline system. The heat exchanger (7), the canopy glass flow channel (13), and the water supply tank (24) are connected to form a fourth branch pipeline system. The three-way valve (9) controls the conduction state of the third branch pipeline system and the fourth branch pipeline system. The coolant generated by the condenser (3) flows through the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe to cool at least one of the passenger compartment, the power battery (11) and the skylight. The passenger compartment is arranged adjacent to the first branch pipe system, the power battery (11) is arranged adjacent to the third branch pipe system, and the skylight is arranged adjacent to the fourth branch pipe system.

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first circulation pipeline also includes: A first connecting pipe (16) is provided with a first expansion valve (4). The first connecting pipe (16) is used to connect one end of the condenser (3) and the evaporator (5). The second connecting pipe (17) is provided with a second expansion valve (6), and the second connecting pipe (17) is used to connect one end of the condenser (3) and the heat exchanger (7); The flow rate of the coolant flowing through the heat exchanger (7) and the evaporator (5) is controlled by adjusting the opening of the first expansion valve (4) and the second expansion valve (6).

3. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first circulation pipeline also includes: The third connecting pipe (18) is used to connect the other end of the evaporator (5) to the liquid-gas separator (2); The fourth connecting pipe (19) is used to connect the other end of the heat exchanger (7) to the liquid-gas separator (2).

4. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first circulation pipe also includes a pressure and temperature sensor (8), which is disposed between the condenser (3) and the evaporator (5), and / or, the pressure and temperature sensor (8) is disposed between the condenser (3) and the heat exchanger (7).

5. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third branch piping system includes: A fifth connecting pipe (20) is provided, on which a first water pump (10) is installed. The fifth connecting pipe (20) is used to connect one end of the three-way valve (9) and the power battery (11). The seventh connecting pipe (22) is provided with a first water temperature sensor (15). The seventh connecting pipe (22) is used to connect the other end of the power battery (11) to the water tank (24).

6. The thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fourth branch piping system includes: A sixth connecting pipe (21) is provided with a second water pump (12). The sixth connecting pipe (21) is used to connect one end of the three-way valve (9) and the canopy glass flow channel (13). The eighth connecting pipe (23) is provided with a second water temperature sensor (14). The eighth connecting pipe (23) is used to connect the other end of the canopy glass flow channel (13) to the water supply tank (24).

7. The thermal management system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flow rate of the coolant flowing through the power battery (11) and the canopy glass channel (13) is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the first water pump (10) and the second water pump (12).

8. A vehicle, comprising a thermal management system, characterized in that, The thermal management system is the thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a panoramic glass assembly (31), which includes an upper glass panel (42) and a lower glass panel (43). A panoramic glass channel (11) is located between the upper glass panel (42) and the lower glass panel (43). The side of the lower glass panel (43) away from the panoramic glass channel (11) is bonded to the body sheet metal structure (46) by glass glue (44), so that the panoramic glass assembly (31) is fixed to the top of the vehicle.

10. The vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The canopy glass flow channel (11) includes a main flow channel and multiple branch flow channels (32). The two ends of each branch flow channel (32) are connected to the main flow channel. Each branch flow channel (32) is spaced apart along the length of the canopy glass assembly (31). The two ends of the main flow channel are provided with an inlet connector (33) and an outlet connector (34). The inlet connector (33) is connected to a three-way valve (9) through a sixth connecting pipe (21). The outlet connector (34) is connected to a water supply tank (24) through an eighth connecting pipe (23).

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