Ventilation and dust reduction system for small-section tunnel construction based on cantilever tunneling machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation and dust reduction system for small-section tunnel construction based on a cantilever tunneling machine, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction dust reduction, and the ventilation and dust reduction system comprises a dust collection unit, an air blowing unit, a dust removal room, a first spraying unit, a second spraying unit, a mist spraying unit and a water storage tank. And comprehensive control is carried out from three levels of a dust generation source, a diffusion process and tail end emission. The problems of dust diffusion and local enrichment of the cantilever tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction are effectively solved, the dust concentration in a tunnel is remarkably reduced, the working environment is improved, the health of constructors and normal operation of equipment are guaranteed, and compared with the prior art, the dust falling device has higher dust falling efficiency and better environmental protection performance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction dust reduction, in particular to a ventilation dust reduction system based on a boom tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] The boom tunneling machine has become one of the main equipment for tunnel construction due to its high efficiency, flexibility and low disturbance characteristics. The existing boom tunneling machine is usually equipped with a cutting knife and a drill bit. During the construction process, the cutting knife is used to cut a grid on the rock surface of the tunnel, and then the brick is used to break the cut rock surface to complete the tunneling construction.

[0003] In the past boom tunneling machine construction, in order to solve the problem of dust generated during construction, the industry mainly adopts single ventilation or simple spray dust reduction method. The single ventilation method usually uses a fan to replace the air in the tunnel, discharges the air containing dust outside the hole, and introduces fresh air to reduce the dust concentration in the hole. The simple spray dust reduction is to set a spray device in the tunnel, and the dust particles are attached to the water mist by spraying water mist, so as to achieve the purpose of dust reduction. These conventional methods can alleviate the dust problem to some extent, but the dust reduction effect is limited. Especially in small-section tunnels, the dust diffusion speed is fast and the local enrichment is serious. The single ventilation or spray dust reduction method is difficult to effectively cope with the problem of dust concentration and rapid diffusion, which seriously threatens the health of workers and the service life of equipment. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a ventilation dust reduction system based on a boom tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction.

[0005] The ventilation dust reduction system based on a boom tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme: A ventilation dust reduction system based on a boom tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction, comprising: A dust suction unit is arranged near the cutting head of the tunneling machine, which is used to suck away the dust generated by the cutting of the rock surface by the cutting head of the tunneling machine; A blowing unit is used to blow the dispersed dust in the tunnel out of the tunnel; A dust removal room is in communication with the dust suction unit; A first spray unit is arranged in the dust removal room, which is used to spray the dust entering the dust removal room; A second spray unit is arranged at the tunnel entrance, which is used to spray the air discharged at the tunnel entrance; A spray unit is arranged at the drill bit of the tunneling machine, which is used to spray the contact position between the drill bit and the rock surface of the tunnel; A water storage tank is provided with a water supply pump for supplying water to the first spraying unit, the second spraying unit and the spraying unit respectively.

[0006] Optionally, the dust suction unit comprises an air extractor, and an air extraction pipe and an air exhaust pipe in communication with the air extractor respectively, a pipe opening of the air extraction pipe being arranged at a position close to the cutting head of the tunneling machine, and the air exhaust pipe being in communication with the dust removal room.

[0007] Optionally, the air blowing unit comprises a plurality of air blowers arranged in the tunnel, each of the air blowers being distributed along the extension direction of the tunnel and used for blowing the dust dispersed in the tunnel out of the tunnel.

[0008] Optionally, the dust removal room is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air exhaust pipe is in communication with the air inlet of the dust removal room. The first spraying unit comprises first spraying pipes arranged on the walls of the dust removal room, and a plurality of first nozzles arranged on each of the first spraying pipes, the first spraying pipes being in communication with the water supply pump, and the first spraying pipes being arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of baffle walls are arranged in the dust removal room and between the air inlet and the air outlet, and each of the baffle walls is used for guiding the airflow to flow in an "S" shape in the dust removal room.

[0010] Optionally, the air outlet is in communication with an elbow, the port of the elbow faces downward, and the elbow is in communication with a water collecting pit.

[0011] Optionally, the system further comprises a fog cannon device, the fog cannon device being in communication with the water storage tank and used for spraying water mist to the outlet end of the elbow.

[0012] Optionally, the second spraying unit comprises a second spraying pipe arranged at the tunnel entrance, and a plurality of second nozzles in communication with the second spraying pipe, the second spraying pipe being in communication with the water supply pump, and the second spraying pipe being arranged on the tunnel wall along the circumferential direction of the tunnel.

[0013] Optionally, the spraying unit comprises a spraying head arranged at the position of the drill head of the tunneling machine, and a flow guide pipe used for connecting the spraying head and the water supply pump, and the flow guide pipe is provided with a control valve.

[0014] Optionally, the system further comprises a dust concentration detection module, a wind speed detection module and a controller, the dust concentration detection module is used for detecting the dust concentration in the tunnel and outputting dust concentration data, the wind speed detection module is used for detecting the wind speed in the tunnel and outputting wind speed data, the dust concentration detection module and the wind speed detection module are electrically connected with the controller, the controller is electrically connected with each of the air blowers respectively, and the operation parameters and the air volume distribution of each of the air blowers are automatically adjusted based on the dust concentration data and the wind speed data.

[0015] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The dust suction unit can extract the dust generated by the cutting head of the tunneling machine to prevent the dust from spreading; the air blowing unit can blow the dispersed dust in the tunnel out of the hole to reduce the dust in the hole; the dust removal chamber is connected with the dust suction unit, the first spraying unit sprays the dust entering the dust removal chamber to reduce the dust concentration; the second spraying unit sprays the air discharged from the tunnel entrance to further reduce the dust in the discharged air; the spraying unit sprays the contact position between the drill bit and the rock surface to inhibit dust generation from the source; the water storage tank and the water supply pump supply water to each spraying and spraying unit to ensure the normal operation of the system, thereby effectively reducing the dust concentration in the tunnel, improving the working environment, and protecting the health of construction personnel and the service life of equipment.

[0016] 2. The present application can guide the airflow to flow in an "S" shape in the dust removal chamber by arranging multiple baffle walls between the air inlet and the air outlet of the dust removal chamber, thereby increasing the residence time of the airflow in the dust removal chamber, allowing the first spraying unit to more fully spray the dust, and improving the dust reduction effect.

[0017] 3. The dust concentration detection module and the wind speed detection module of the present application respectively acquire dust concentration data and wind speed data in the tunnel, and the controller automatically adjusts the operating parameters and air volume distribution of each air blower based on these data, which can accurately control the air blowing unit according to the actual situation, solve the problem of significant air volume attenuation as the tunneling advances and insufficient air volume at the far end, achieve the best balance between energy saving and dust reduction effect, and improve the dust reduction efficiency and system operation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of part of the structure of an embodiment of the present application, mainly used to express the installation position of the exhaust duct and the air blower in the tunnel; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust removal chamber used in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Explanation of reference signs: 1, dust suction unit; 11, air extractor; 12, air extraction pipe; 13, exhaust duct; 2, air blowing unit; 21, air blower; 3, dust removal chamber; 31, air inlet; 32, air outlet; 33, baffle wall; 34, elbow; 35, water collection pit; 36, fog cannon; 4, first spraying unit; 41, first spraying pipe; 42, first spray head; 5, second spraying unit; 51, second spraying pipe; 52, second spray head; 6, spraying unit; 61, spraying head; 62, flow guide pipe; 63, control valve; 7, water storage tank; 71, water supply pump; 100, dust concentration detection module; 200, wind speed detection module; 300, controller; 400, alarm device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings Figure 1 - the accompanying drawings Figure 3 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings

[0021] The present application discloses a ventilation dust reduction system based on a cantilever tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction. The present application mainly adopts the following solutions: The present application discloses a ventilation dust reduction system based on a cantilever tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction. Referring to Figure 1 , including a dust suction unit 1, a blowing unit 2, a dust removal room 3, a first spraying unit 4, a second spraying unit 5, a spraying unit 6 and a water storage tank 7, wherein the dust suction unit 1 is arranged near the cutting head of the tunneling machine, and is used to suck away the dust generated by the cutting of the cutting head of the tunneling machine on the rock surface; the blowing unit 2 is used to blow the dispersed dust in the tunnel out of the tunnel; the dust removal room 3 is communicated with the dust suction unit 1; the first spraying unit 4 is arranged in the dust removal room 3, and is used to spray the dust entering the dust removal room 3; the second spraying unit 5 is arranged at the tunnel entrance, and is used to spray the air discharged at the tunnel entrance; the spraying unit 6 is arranged at the drill bit of the tunneling machine, and is used to spray the contact position of the drill bit and the tunnel rock surface; the water storage tank 7 is provided with a water supply pump 71, and is used to supply water to the first spraying unit 4, the second spraying unit 5 and the spraying unit 6 respectively, so as to achieve the effect of controlling the dust from the source, the process and the end, and effectively reducing the dust concentration in the tunnel.

[0022] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, specifically, the dust suction unit 1 includes an air suction fan 11, and an air suction pipe 12 and an air exhaust pipe 13 respectively communicating with the air suction fan 11. The air suction fan 11 is generally fixedly installed on the boom header, and can adopt a turbo air suction fan 11 which has the characteristics of large suction force and high air suction efficiency, or a centrifugal air suction fan 11 which has the characteristics of simple structure and stable operation. One end of the air suction pipe 12 is sealingly connected with an air inlet of the air suction fan 11, and is generally connected by using a sealing rubber ring and a clamp, and the other end is close to the cutting head of the tunneling machine so as to timely suck away the dust. The air suction pipe 12 generally adopts a flexible rubber pipe or a plastic corrugated pipe, so as to be flexibly adjusted according to the working position of the tunneling machine. The pipe opening is in a trumpet shape, and can increase the dust suction area. One end of the air exhaust pipe 13 is sealingly connected with an air outlet of the air suction fan 11, and the other end communicates with the dust removal room 3. The air exhaust pipe 13 is fixed on the sidewall of the tunnel by means of bolts or welding. The air exhaust pipe 13 generally adopts a hard metal pipe such as a steel pipe or an iron pipe, so as to ensure the structural strength and be able to bear a certain pressure, and to ensure that the dust is smoothly transported to the dust removal room 3.

[0023] The combined logic of the dust suction unit 1 is that the air suction fan 11 provides power, the dust generated by the cutting head is sucked into the air suction pipe 12, and then is transported to the dust removal room 3 through the air exhaust pipe 13. The combined effect is that the dust can be quickly and efficiently separated from the tunneling working face, and the diffusion of the dust in the working area is reduced.

[0024] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , specifically, the dust removal room 3 is provided with an air inlet 31 and an air outlet 32, and the air exhaust pipe 13 communicates with the air inlet 31 of the dust removal room 3. The dust removal room 3 generally adopts a brick structure, has a certain sealing property and stability, and can also be built by using a steel structure, which has a fast construction speed. The air inlet 31 and the air outlet 32 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the dust removal room 3, so as to ensure smooth flow of the airflow.

[0025] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the first spraying unit 4 includes first spraying pipes 41 arranged on the walls on both sides of the dust removal room 3, and a plurality of first nozzles 42 respectively arranged on the first spraying pipes 41. The first spraying pipes 41 communicate with a water supply pump 71, and the first spraying pipes 41 are arranged between the air inlet 31 and the air outlet 32. The first spraying pipes 41 generally adopt PVC pipes, which have the characteristics of corrosion resistance and light weight, and can also adopt stainless steel pipes, which have higher strength. The first nozzles 42 can select atomizing nozzles, which can atomize water into fine water droplets, increase the contact area with the dust, and improve the dust setting effect. The first nozzles 42 can also select fan-shaped nozzles, which have a wide spraying range. The first spraying pipes 41 are fixed on the walls of the dust removal room 3 by pipe clamps, and the first nozzles 42 are uniformly distributed on the first spraying pipes 41 and are connected with the first spraying pipes 41 by means of threaded connection or buckle connection.

[0026] The combined logic of the first spraying unit 4 is that the water supply pump 71 delivers water to the first spraying pipe 41, and the water is sprayed in the dust removal room 3 through the first spraying head 42 to spray and remove dust. The combined effect is that the dust and water droplets can be fully contacted, the dust can be settled, and the dust content in the exhaust gas can be reduced.

[0027] Referring to Figure 3 , specifically, a plurality of retaining walls 33 are arranged in the dust removal room 3 between the air inlet 31 and the air outlet 32, and each retaining wall 33 is used to guide the airflow to flow in an "S" shape in the dust removal room 3. The first spraying pipe 41 is arranged on the side wall of the retaining wall 33. The retaining wall 33 is generally made of bricks or concrete pouring, and can also be made of metal plate. The retaining wall 33 makes the flow path of the airflow in the dust removal room 3 longer, and changes the flow direction of the entering airflow constantly, thereby increasing the contact time and opportunity of the dust and water droplets, and improving the dust removal effect.

[0028] Referring to Figure 3 , specifically, the air outlet 32 is communicated with an elbow 34, the port of the elbow 34 faces downward, and the elbow 34 is communicated with a water collecting pit 35. The elbow 34 is generally made of metal material, such as stainless steel or carbon steel, to ensure its corrosion resistance and structural strength. The water collecting pit 35 is usually a pit excavated outside the tunnel, which is used to collect sewage containing dust.

[0029] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , specifically, it further includes a fog cannon 36, which is communicated with the water storage tank 7 and is used to spray water mist to the outlet end of the elbow 34. The fog cannon 36 is generally installed on the ground near the water collecting pit 35 and is fixed by a support. It can atomize water into smaller particles to form a large area of fog area. The function of the fog cannon 36 is to perform the last dust removal treatment on the gas discharged from the outlet end of the elbow 34, and further reduce the dust residue.

[0030] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2Specifically, the air blowing unit 2 includes a plurality of air blowers 21 arranged in the tunnel, each air blower 21 is distributed along the extension direction of the tunnel and is used to blow the dust dispersed in the tunnel out of the tunnel. The air blower 21 can be selected as an axial flow fan, which has the characteristics of large air volume and low air pressure, and is suitable for long-distance air delivery in the tunnel; or a centrifugal fan can be selected, which has high air pressure and is suitable for ventilation conditions that need to overcome certain resistance. The air blower 21 is generally installed on the top or side wall of the tunnel and is fixed by a support, and the support can be made of metal materials such as angle steel or channel steel to ensure its stability. The spacing between the air blowers 21 is reasonably set according to the length of the tunnel, the size of the cross section and the dust concentration and other factors, and generally one is installed every certain distance to ensure that the tunnel interior can be fully covered and the dispersed dust can be effectively blown out of the tunnel.

[0031] The combination logic of the air blowing unit 2 is that the plurality of air blowers 21 work cooperatively to form a continuous air flow in the tunnel and push the dispersed dust to the tunnel entrance. The combination effect is that the dust in each area of the tunnel can be concentrated and discharged out of the tunnel, thereby reducing the overall dust concentration in the tunnel.

[0032] Referring to Figure 1 Specifically, the second spraying unit 5 includes a second spraying pipe 51 arranged at the tunnel entrance and a plurality of second spray heads 52 communicated with the second spraying pipe 51, the second spraying pipe 51 is communicated with the water supply pump 71, and the second spraying pipe 51 is arranged on the tunnel wall along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. The second spraying pipe 51 generally adopts a PVC pipe or a stainless steel pipe, and the second spray head 52 can be selected as a rotary spray head or a fixed spray head. The second spraying pipe 51 is fixed on the tunnel wall by a pipe clamp and is arranged around along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the second spray heads 52 are uniformly distributed on the second spraying pipe 51. The combination logic of the second spraying unit 5 is that the water supply pump 71 delivers water to the second spraying pipe 51, and a water curtain is formed at the tunnel entrance by the second spray heads 52 to spray and dust the discharged air. The combination effect is that the discharged air can be secondarily dusted to prevent the dust from spreading to the surrounding environment.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 Specifically, the spraying unit 6 includes a spraying head 61 arranged at the position of the drilling head of the tunneling machine and a flow guide pipe 62 for communicating the spraying head 61 with the water supply pump 71, and the flow guide pipe 62 is provided with a control valve 63. The spraying head 61 is fixed on the boom tunneling machine by welding or bolt connection, and the spraying head 61 generally adopts a high-pressure atomizing spray head which can atomize water into fine particles and directly spray on the contact position between the drilling head and the rock surface. The flow guide pipe 62 adopts a flexible rubber pipe or plastic hose which is convenient to move with the drilling head of the tunneling machine. The control valve 63 can be selected as a manual valve or an electric valve for controlling the flow of water and the opening and closing of the spraying.

[0034] The combined logic of the spray unit 6 is that the water pump 71 delivers water to the spray head 61 through the flow guide pipe 62, and under the control of the control valve 63, the water is atomized and sprayed at the drill bit operation position. The combined effect is to inhibit the generation of dust from the source and reduce the initial diffusion of dust.

[0035] With reference to Figure 2 , specifically, further comprising dust concentration detection module 100, wind speed detection module 200 and controller 300, dust concentration detection module 100 is used for detecting the dust concentration in the tunnel and outputting dust concentration data, wind speed detection module 200 is used for detecting the wind speed in the tunnel and outputting wind speed data, dust concentration detection module 100 and wind speed detection module 200 are electrically connected with controller 300, controller 300 is electrically connected with each air blower 21 respectively, and the operating parameters and air volume distribution of each air blower 21 are automatically adjusted based on the dust concentration data and wind speed data. The dust concentration detection module 100 can use a laser dust instrument, which can detect the dust concentration in real time and accurately. The wind speed detection module 200 can select a hot-wire anemometer, which has high measurement accuracy. The controller 300 generally uses a PLC controller 300, which has the characteristics of good stability and high reliability. The dust concentration detection module 100 and the wind speed detection module 200 are installed at different positions in the tunnel and are connected with the controller 300 through signal lines, and the controller 300 is installed in the control room and is connected with each air blower 21 through cables. The combined logic is that the dust concentration detection module 100 and the wind speed detection module 200 monitor the dust concentration and wind speed in the tunnel in real time, and transmit the data to the controller 300, and the controller 300 automatically adjusts the operating parameters and air volume distribution of the air blower 21 according to the data. The combined effect is to realize intelligent control of the ventilation dust reduction system, dynamically adjust the ventilation effect according to the actual situation, improve the dust reduction efficiency, and reduce the energy consumption.

[0036] With reference to Figure 2 In addition, an alarm device 400 is also arranged in the tunnel, and the controller 300 is electrically connected with the alarm device 400, and when the dust concentration in the tunnel exceeds a certain value, the alarm device 400 is triggered to alarm. The alarm device 400 can use an audible and visual alarm.

[0037] The implementation principle of the ventilation and dust reduction system based on the boom tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction is that the ventilation and dust reduction system comprehensively controls from three aspects of dust generation source, diffusion process and end emission through the collaborative work of multiple functional units. The dust suction unit 1 timely extracts the high-concentration dust generated by the cutting head, the spraying unit 6 suppresses dust generation from the source, the blowing unit 2 concentrates and discharges the dispersed dust outside the hole, the first spraying unit 4 and the second spraying unit 5 spray and reduce the dust, the dust removal room 3 and the fog cannon 36 further process the dust, and the intelligent control is realized through the detection module and the controller 300. Such design effectively solves the problems of dust diffusion and local enrichment of the boom tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction, significantly reduces the dust concentration in the tunnel, improves the working environment, protects the health of the construction personnel and the normal operation of the equipment, has higher dust reduction efficiency and better environmental protection performance compared with the prior art, and also reduces the energy consumption and equipment maintenance cost.

[0038] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application, so: any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A ventilation and dust suppression system based on a cantilever tunneling machine for small-section tunnel construction, characterized in that, include: The dust extraction unit (1) is located near the cutting head of the tunneling machine and is used to extract the dust generated by the cutting head of the tunneling machine cutting the rock surface. The blowing unit (2) is used to blow the dust dispersed inside the tunnel out of the tunnel. The dust removal room (3) is connected to the dust collection unit (1); The first spray unit (4) is set in the dust removal room (3) and is used to spray the dust entering the dust removal room (3); The second spray unit (5) is set at the tunnel entrance and is used to spray the air discharged at the tunnel entrance. The spray unit (6) is installed at the drill bit of the tunneling machine and is used to spray the contact point between the drill bit and the tunnel rock surface. A water storage tank (7) is provided with a water supply pump (71) for supplying water to the first spray unit (4), the second spray unit (5) and the spray unit (6).

2. The ventilation and dust suppression system based on a cantilever tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection unit (1) includes a blower (11), a blower pipe (12) and an exhaust pipe (13) connected to the blower (11) respectively. The outlet of the blower pipe (12) is located near the cutting head of the tunneling machine, and the exhaust pipe (13) is connected to the dust removal room (3).

3. A ventilation and dust suppression system based on a cantilever tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blowing unit (2) includes multiple blowers (21) installed inside the tunnel. Each blower (21) is distributed along the extension direction of the tunnel and is used to blow the dispersed dust inside the tunnel out of the tunnel.

4. A ventilation and dust suppression system based on a cantilever tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust removal chamber (3) is provided with an air inlet (31) and an exhaust outlet (32), and the exhaust duct (13) is connected to the air inlet (31) of the dust removal chamber (3); The first spray unit (4) includes a first spray pipe (41) installed on both sides of the dust removal room (3) and a plurality of first nozzles (42) installed on each first spray pipe (41). The first spray pipe (41) is connected to the water supply pump (71) and the first spray pipe (41) is located between the air inlet (31) and the exhaust port (32).

5. A ventilation and dust suppression system based on a cantilever tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: Multiple baffles (33) are provided in the dust removal chamber (3) and between the air inlet (31) and the exhaust outlet (32), and each baffle (33) is used to guide the airflow in the dust removal chamber (3) along an "S" shape.

6. A ventilation and dust suppression system for small-section tunnel construction based on a cantilever tunneling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exhaust port (32) is connected to an elbow (34), the elbow (34) faces downward, and the elbow (34) is connected to a water collection pit (35).

7. A ventilation and dust suppression system based on a cantilever tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a mist cannon (36), which is connected to a water storage tank (7) and is used to spray water mist onto the outlet end of the elbow (34).

8. A ventilation and dust suppression system based on a cantilever tunnel boring machine in small-section tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second spray unit (5) includes a second spray pipe (51) installed at the tunnel entrance and a plurality of second nozzles (52) connected to the second spray pipe (51). The second spray pipe (51) is connected to a water supply pump (71) and is installed on the tunnel wall along the circumference of the tunnel.

9. A ventilation and dust suppression system based on a cantilever tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray unit (6) includes a spray head (61) located at the drill bit position of the tunneling machine, and a guide pipe (62) for connecting the spray head (61) and the water supply pump (71), and a control valve (63) is provided on the guide pipe (62).

10. A ventilation and dust suppression system based on a cantilever tunneling machine in small-section tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a dust concentration detection module (100), a wind speed detection module (200), and a controller (300). The dust concentration detection module (100) is used to detect the dust concentration in the tunnel and output the dust concentration data. The wind speed detection module (200) is used to detect the wind speed in the tunnel and output the wind speed data. Both the dust concentration detection module (100) and the wind speed detection module (200) are electrically connected to the controller (300). The controller (300) is electrically connected to each blower (21) and automatically adjusts the operating parameters and air volume distribution of each blower (21) based on the dust concentration data and wind speed data.

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