Water turbine real machine efficiency test method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a water turbine real machine efficiency test method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: testing a target water turbine, and obtaining the stroke of a water turbine head and a guide vane servomotor; obtaining a guide vane opening degree relation and a model guide vane opening degree, and determining a first function relation between the travel of the guide vane servomotor and the model guide vane opening degree according to the travel of the guide vane servomotor and the guide vane opening degree relation; according to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the water turbine model and the first function relationship, determining a second function relationship among the water turbine flow, the model guide vane opening and the water turbine head; determining a third function relationship between the water flow of the water turbine and the travel of the guide vane servomotor according to the first function relationship and the second function relationship; and determining the water turbine efficiency of the target water turbine according to the water turbine flow, the guide vane servomotor stroke and the water turbine working head of the target water turbine under different working conditions. The method has the beneficial effects that the real machine efficiency measurement accuracy of the water turbine is high, and the test cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water turbine technology, specifically relating to a method, apparatus, electronic equipment, and storage medium for testing the actual efficiency of a water turbine. Background Technology

[0002] Because water experiences energy conversion through a water turbine, losses occur, including volumetric losses, hydraulic losses, and mechanical losses. Therefore, the turbine's output is less than the water's output. The ratio of the turbine's input to its output power is called its efficiency, denoted by η. t The efficiency of a water turbine is a crucial indicator that directly impacts the power generation benefits of a hydropower plant. Conducting tests on the actual turbine efficiency to obtain accurate real-machine efficiency data allows for a precise assessment of the turbine's power generation capacity, guiding the efficient and economical operation of hydropower units.

[0003] The formula for calculating the output of a water turbine is: P t =9.81QHη t In the formula P t To generate power for the water turbine, the output P of the generator can be used. N With generator efficiency η N Calculated, P t =P N / η N H is the turbine head, which can be obtained by testing the inlet pressure of the spiral casing and the output pressure of the tailrace tube on site. The turbine flow rate Q is difficult to test directly on site. The difficulty in testing the turbine efficiency is to accurately measure the turbine flow rate Q.

[0004] Currently, turbine efficiency testing methods mainly include relative efficiency testing and absolute efficiency testing. Relative efficiency testing measures the exponential flow rate of the turbine through differential pressure measurement of the spiral casing, calculating the trend of turbine efficiency changes to obtain the relative efficiency. While simple and easy to implement, this method can only test the trend of turbine efficiency changes and cannot obtain the absolute efficiency value. Absolute efficiency testing methods can accurately obtain the absolute efficiency of the turbine. The main testing methods currently are ultrasonic flow measurement and current velocity measurement. Both methods require the installation of ultrasonic flow measurement devices and current velocity measurement devices within the turbine's flow channel, necessitating significant manpower and the deployment of numerous testing instruments. The testing cycle is long, and there are strict requirements for the flow channel, making on-site implementation difficult for many hydropower stations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for testing the actual efficiency of a water turbine, which improves the accuracy of water turbine efficiency testing and reduces the cost of water turbine efficiency testing.

[0006] An aspect of the present application provides a method for testing the efficiency of a real water turbine, comprising:

[0007] Testing the target water turbine to obtain the water head and the guide vane actuator stroke;

[0008] Obtaining the guide vane opening relationship and the model guide vane opening, and determining the first functional relationship between the guide vane actuator stroke and the model guide vane opening according to the guide vane actuator stroke and the guide vane opening relationship;

[0009] Determining the second functional relationship between the water turbine flow and the model guide vane opening and the water turbine water head according to the water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve and the first functional relationship;

[0010] Determining the third functional relationship between the water turbine flow and the guide vane actuator stroke according to the first functional relationship and the second functional relationship;

[0011] Determining the water turbine efficiency of the target water turbine according to the water turbine flow, the guide vane actuator stroke and the water turbine working water head of the target water turbine under different working conditions.

[0012] According to the method for testing the efficiency of a real water turbine, wherein the target water turbine is tested to obtain the water head, the guide vane actuator stroke and the power generation power, comprising:

[0013] Collecting the generator power, the spiral case inlet pressure, the draft tube inlet pressure and the guide vane actuator stroke of the target water turbine at multiple working condition points in the range from no load to maximum load;

[0014] Determining the water turbine working water head according to the difference between the spiral case inlet pressure and the draft tube inlet pressure;

[0015] Obtaining the factory power generation efficiency of the target water turbine, and determining the water turbine output of the target water turbine at each working condition point according to the factory power generation efficiency and the generator power.

[0016] According to the method for testing the efficiency of a real water turbine, wherein the guide vane opening relationship and the model guide vane opening are obtained, and the first functional relationship between the guide vane actuator stroke and the model guide vane opening is determined according to the guide vane actuator stroke and the guide vane opening relationship, comprising:

[0017] Testing the target water turbine to obtain the guide vane actuator stroke and the real machine guide vane opening, and then determining the relationship curve between the guide vane actuator stroke and the real machine guide vane opening;

[0018] Converting the real machine guide vane opening into the model guide vane opening to obtain the guide vane actuator stroke and the model guide vane opening relationship curve, and the conversion formula is:

[0019]

[0020] Wherein, a 0m is the model guide vane opening, a0 is the true machine guide vane opening, D 1m is the runner diameter of the model water turbine, D 1p is the runner diameter of the true machine water turbine;

[0021] The least square method and cubic polynomial are used to fit the relationship curve between the guide vane actuator stroke and the model guide vane opening, and the first functional relationship between the guide vane actuator stroke and the model guide vane opening is obtained as follows:

[0022] S k =B1a 0m 3 +B2a 0m 2 +B3a 0m +B4

[0023] Wherein, S k is the guide vane actuator stroke, a 0m is the model guide vane opening, wherein B1, B2, B3 and B4 are the fitting coefficients of the curve, and the fitting coefficients of the curve are obtained by the least square method.

[0024] According to the water turbine true machine efficiency test method, wherein the second functional relationship between the water turbine flow and the model guide vane opening and the water turbine head is determined according to the water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve, comprising:

[0025] The maximum head and the minimum head during the operation of the target water turbine are obtained, and the maximum unit speed and the minimum unit speed are determined according to the water turbine similarity theorem, and the calculation formula is:

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] Wherein, n 11max is the maximum unit speed, n 11min is the minimum unit speed, D 1p is the runner diameter of the true machine water turbine, H min is the minimum head, H max is the maximum head, wherein n r is the rated speed of the unit;

[0029] The unit speed matrix is determined according to the maximum unit speed and the minimum unit speed, wherein the unit speed matrix is calculated by using intervals between the maximum unit speed and the minimum unit speed, and the interval is:

[0030]

[0031] Wherein, m is the number of interval points, Δn 11is the interval width, the unit speed matrix is [n 11,1 ,n 11,2 ,n 11,3 ,…n 11,m ];

[0032] Obtaining a water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve, the water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve including a unit flow, a unit speed and a model guide vane opening curve;

[0033] According to the model guide vane opening curve, determining a model guide vane opening value as [a 0m,1 ,a 0m,2 ,…,a 0m,i ,…a 0m,k ], k is the number of the model guide vane opening curve;

[0034] According to a straight line intersection relationship of the unit flow and the model guide vane opening curve, determining a unit flow of the intersection point, and further obtaining a unit flow matrix Q 11,i,j is:

[0035]

[0036] Wherein, i is a unit flow identification serial number, and j is a unit speed identification serial number;

[0037] According to the model guide vane opening value and the first function relationship, determining a guide vane actuator stroke matrix as [S kr,1 ,S kr,2 ,…,S kr,i ,…S kr,k ].

[0038] According to the water turbine real machine efficiency test method, wherein according to the first function relationship and the second function relationship, a third function relationship of water turbine water flow and guide vane actuator stroke is determined, comprising:

[0039] Obtaining a water turbine working water head According to the similarity law of the water turbine, determining a unit speed, and according to the unit speed n 11c,i , obtaining a unit speed matrix is, wherein n 11c,i is calculated as:

[0040]

[0041] Determine the unit speed [n 11,1 ,n 11,2 ,n 11,3 ,…n 11,m ] in the interval n 11,jm ≤n 11c,i <n 11,jm+1 , and determine the guide vane actuator stroke S kc,iIn the matrix [S] of the guide vane relay stroke kr,1 ,S kr,2 ,…,S kr,i ,…S kr,k The interval S in which the ] is located kr,jk ≤S kc,i kr,jk+1 Where 1≤jm≤m, 1≤jk≤k;

[0042] Based on the interval of the unit rotational speed matrix and the interval of the guide vane servo travel matrix, interpolation is performed on the guide vane servo travel value to obtain the unit flow rate. The interpolation process is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] The unit flow rate obtained is:

[0045]

[0046] The turbine flow rate is determined based on the unit flow rate:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, Q c,i This refers to the turbine's flow rate.

[0049] According to the aforementioned method for testing the actual efficiency of a water turbine, the turbine efficiency of the target water turbine is determined based on the turbine flow rate, guide vane servo travel, and turbine working head under different operating conditions, including:

[0050] Obtain the turbine flow rate at the test operating point The turbine efficiency at each operating point is calculated. The formula for calculating turbine efficiency is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Therefore, the turbine efficiency at each test operating point is obtained as follows:

[0053] According to the aforementioned method for testing the actual efficiency of a water turbine, the stroke of the relay is collected by a displacement sensor installed on the guide vane relay.

[0054] Another aspect of the present invention provides a device for testing the actual efficiency of a water turbine, comprising:

[0055] The first module is used to perform tests on the target turbine to obtain the turbine head and guide vane servo stroke.

[0056] ​The second module is configured to acquire the guide vane opening degree relationship and the model guide vane opening degree, and determine a first functional relationship between the guide vane servomotor stroke and the model guide vane opening degree according to the guide vane servomotor stroke and the guide vane opening degree relationship;

[0057] The third module is configured to determine a second functional relationship between the water turbine flow and the model guide vane opening degree and the water turbine water head according to the water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve and the first functional relationship;

[0058] The fourth module is configured to determine a third functional relationship between the water turbine flow and the guide vane servomotor stroke according to the first functional relationship and the second functional relationship.

[0059] The fifth module is configured to determine the water turbine efficiency of the target water turbine according to the water turbine flow, the guide vane servomotor stroke and the water turbine working water head of the target water turbine in different working conditions.

[0060] Another aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory.

[0061] The memory is configured to store a program.

[0062] The processor executes the program to implement the method as described above.

[0063] The embodiment of the present application also discloses a computer program product or a computer program, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device can read the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions to make the computer device execute the method as described above.

[0064] The present application has the advantages that: the guide vane opening degree and servomotor stroke relationship is tested, the guide vane servomotor stroke is combined with the water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve to obtain the guide vane servomotor stroke and water turbine flow relationship curve, the water turbine flow is calculated through the field test of the guide vane servomotor stroke, and the absolute efficiency of the real water turbine is obtained; the scheme of the embodiment of the present application is simple and feasible, the test precision is high, the guide vane opening degree and servomotor stroke relationship are tested in the unit maintenance of the hydroelectric generating set, the data is easy to obtain; the model comprehensive characteristic curve is provided by the water turbine manufacturer of each type, the relationship between the guide vane opening degree and the water turbine flow is conveniently calculated through the water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve, the guide vane servomotor stroke can be tested and obtained through the displacement sensor installed on the guide vane servomotor, and the effects of high measurement accuracy and low test cost are realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0065] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description, taken in conjunction with the following drawings in which:

[0066] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a water turbine real machine efficiency test method of an embodiment of the present application.

[0067] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a target water turbine test collection process of an embodiment of the present application.

[0068] Figure 3 is a guide vane servomotor stroke and real machine guide vane opening relationship curve of an embodiment of the present application.

[0069] Figure 4 is a guide vane servomotor stroke and model guide vane opening relationship curve of an embodiment of the present application.

[0070] Figure 5 is a water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve diagram of an embodiment of the present application.

[0071] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a water turbine real machine efficiency test device of an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, which show by way of example, embodiments in which the same or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the following description, the suffixes "module", "part" or "unit" used for elements are merely intended for facilitating the description of the present application, and are not intended to have the special meaning or function. Therefore, "module", "part" or "unit" can be mixedly used. "First", "second", and the like are used only to distinguish technical features for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of indicated technical features or the order of the indicated technical features. In the following description, the consecutive numbers of the method steps are for the convenience of review and understanding, and adjusting the implementation order between the steps does not affect the technical effects of the technical solution of the present application in combination with the overall technical solution of the present application and the logical relationship between the steps. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0073] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a water turbine real machine efficiency test method of an embodiment of the present application, which includes steps S100-S500, but is not limited thereto:

[0074] S100, performing a test on a target water turbine to obtain a water turbine water head and a guide vane servomotor stroke.

[0075] In some embodiments, the guide vane servomotor stroke can be obtained by testing through a displacement sensor installed on the guide vane servomotor.

[0076] refer to Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the target turbine test and data acquisition process shown includes, but is not limited to, steps S110 to S130:

[0077] S110, collects the generator power, spiral casing inlet pressure, tailrace inlet pressure and guide vane servo stroke of the target turbine at multiple operating points from no-load to maximum load.

[0078] S120, the turbine working head is determined based on the difference between the inlet pressure of the spiral casing and the inlet pressure of the tailrace pipe;

[0079] S130: Obtain the factory power generation efficiency of the target turbine, and determine the turbine output of the target turbine at each operating point based on the factory power generation efficiency and the generator power.

[0080] In some embodiments, the unit load is adjusted to approximately K1 operating points within the range of no-load to maximum load under the test head (the specific number is determined according to the actual site conditions). Each operating point must be stabilized for about 5 minutes. After the unit load stabilizes, the generator power at each operating point is recorded using a testing instrument. volute inlet pressure Tailwater inlet pressure Guide vane servo motor stroke measurement value The turbine's operating head is calculated using the following formula. in

[0081] H = H1 - H2

[0082] Based on the generator efficiency η provided by the manufacturer N The turbine output P was calculated. t :

[0083]

[0084] The turbine output at each operating point is obtained.

[0085] S200, obtain the guide vane opening relationship and the model guide vane opening, and determine the first functional relationship between the guide vane relay stroke and the model guide vane opening based on the guide vane relay stroke and the guide vane opening relationship.

[0086] In some embodiments, the guide vane servo travel S is adjusted during unit maintenance of the hydroelectric generator. k The guide vane opening a0 of the actual aircraft was tested to obtain the relationship between the guide vane opening a0 of the actual aircraft and the stroke S of the guide vane relay. k Relationship curves, such as Figure 3 The graph shown depicts the relationship between the stroke of the guide vane relay and the guide vane opening on the actual aircraft. Figure 3 The horizontal axis represents the stroke S of the guide vane relay.k , and the ordinate is the guide vane opening a0 of the real machine.

[0087] The guide vane opening of the real machine is converted to the guide vane opening of the model as follows:

[0088]

[0089] where D 1m is the runner diameter of the model turbine, D 1p is the runner diameter of the real machine, and the relationship curve between the guide vane actuator stroke and the guide vane opening of the model is shown in FIG. 3. Figure 4

[0090] The embodiment of the present application uses the least square method to fit the curve in the equation (1) with a cubic polynomial, and obtains the function relationship between the guide vane actuator stroke S k and the guide vane opening a 0m of the model, where B1, B2, B3 and B4 are the fitting coefficients of the curve, and the fitting coefficients of the curve are obtained by the least square method, as shown in the following equation. Figure 4

[0091] S k = B1a 0m 3 + B2a 0m 2 + B3a 0m + B4

[0092] S300, according to the model comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine and the first function relationship, determines the second function relationship between the turbine flow and the guide vane opening of the model and the water head of the turbine.

[0093] In some embodiments, according to the maximum water head H max and the minimum water head H min of the turbine operation, the corresponding maximum unit speed n 11max and the minimum unit speed n 11min are calculated according to the similarity theorem of the turbine.

[0094]

[0095] m points are selected between the maximum unit speed n 11max and the minimum unit speed n 11min with a interval of Δn 11 , where n r is the rated speed of the unit, and the unit speed matrix [n 11,1 , n 11,2 , n 11,3 , … n 11,m ] is obtained.

[0096] ​​The model comprehensive characteristic curve of the water turbine is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 5 Figure 5 The horizontal coordinate is unit flow Q 11 , and the vertical coordinate is unit speed n 11 . The red curve in the figure is an equal model guide vane opening curve. If there are k equal model guide vane opening curves, the model guide vane opening values of the curves are represented as [a 0m,1 , a 0m,2 , …, a 0m,i , …, a 0m,k ].

[0097] A straight line parallel to the horizontal coordinate is drawn on the model comprehensive characteristic curve at a unit speed point n 11，i . The straight line intersects the equal model guide vane opening curve, and the unit flow Q 11 at the intersection point is obtained. In this way, m×k unit flow values are obtained, which are represented as a unit flow matrix Q 11,i,j as shown in the following formula.

[0098]

[0099] The model guide vane opening values [a 0m,1 , a 0m,2 , …, a 0m,i , …, a 0m,k ] are substituted into formula (2) to obtain the converted guide vane actuator stroke S kr matrix [S kr,1 , S kr,2 , …, S kr,i , …, S kr,k ]

[0100] S400, according to the first function relationship and the second function relationship, determining a third function relationship between the water flow of the water turbine and the guide vane actuator stroke;

[0101] In some embodiments, according to the measured values of the guide vane actuator strokes , the measured values of the working water heads of the water turbines , the unit flow Q 11 matrix obtained in combination with the model comprehensive characteristic curve, the unit speed matrix, and the converted guide vane actuator stroke S kr matrix, the water turbine flow under each guide vane actuator stroke measurement value is obtained by using an interpolation calculation method.

[0102] According to the measured values of the working water heads of the water turbines , the corresponding unit speeds n 11c,i of the water turbines are calculated by the similarity law of the water turbines, and a matrix

[0103] ​

[0104] determine n 11c,i In the unit speed matrix [n 11,1 ,n 11,2 ,n 11,3 ,…n 11,m ] interval, namely n 11,jm ≤n 11c,i <n 11,jm+1 ,1≤jm≤m, determine S kc,i In the S kr matrix [S kr,1 ,S kr,2 ,…,S kr,i ,…S kr,k ] interval, so that S kr,jk ≤S kc,i <S kr,jk+1 ,1≤jk≤k.

[0105] According to the guide vane force value interpolation

[0106]

[0107] Interpolation calculation corresponding unit flow

[0108]

[0109] According to the following formula to calculate the corresponding turbine flow

[0110]

[0111] S500, according to the target water turbine in different working conditions of the water turbine flow, guide vane force and water turbine working water head, determine the water turbine efficiency of the target water turbine.

[0112] Through step 3, the water turbine flow corresponding to each test working condition point is obtained Through the following formula, the water turbine efficiency of each working condition point is calculated.

[0113]

[0114] Get the water turbine efficiency of each test working condition point

[0115] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the water turbine real machine efficiency test device according to the embodiment of the present application. The device includes a first module 610, a second module 620, a third module 630, a fourth module 640 and a fifth module 650.

[0116] The first module is configured to perform a test on the target water turbine to obtain a water turbine head and a guide vane servomotor stroke; the second module is configured to obtain a guide vane opening degree relationship and a model guide vane opening degree, and determine a first function relationship between the guide vane servomotor stroke and the model guide vane opening degree according to the guide vane servomotor stroke and the guide vane opening degree relationship; the third module is configured to determine a second function relationship between a water turbine flow and the model guide vane opening degree and the water turbine head according to a water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve and the first function relationship; the fourth module is configured to determine a third function relationship between the water turbine flow and the guide vane servomotor stroke according to the first function relationship and the second function relationship; and the fifth module is configured to determine a water turbine efficiency of the target water turbine according to the water turbine flow, the guide vane servomotor stroke and the water turbine working head of the target water turbine under different working conditions.

[0117] Exemplarily, under cooperation of the first module to the fifth module in the device, the device can implement any one of the foregoing water turbine real machine efficiency test methods, that is, performing a test on the target water turbine to obtain a water turbine head and a guide vane servomotor stroke; obtaining a guide vane opening degree relationship and a model guide vane opening degree, and determining a first function relationship between the guide vane servomotor stroke and the model guide vane opening degree according to the guide vane servomotor stroke and the guide vane opening degree relationship; determining a second function relationship between a water turbine flow and the model guide vane opening degree and the water turbine head according to a water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve and the first function relationship; determining a third function relationship between the water turbine flow and the guide vane servomotor stroke according to the first function relationship and the second function relationship; and determining a water turbine efficiency of the target water turbine according to the water turbine flow, the guide vane servomotor stroke and the water turbine working head of the target water turbine under different working conditions. The device has the following beneficial effects: the guide vane opening degree and servomotor stroke relationship is tested, the water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve is combined, the guide vane servomotor stroke and water turbine flow relationship curve is obtained, the guide vane servomotor stroke is tested on site, the water turbine flow is calculated, and the real machine absolute efficiency of the water turbine is obtained; the scheme of the device is simple and feasible, the test precision is high, the guide vane opening degree and servomotor stroke relationship is tested in unit maintenance of a hydropower unit, and the data is easy to obtain; the model comprehensive characteristic curve is provided by a water turbine manufacturer of each type, the guide vane opening degree and water turbine flow relationship can be conveniently calculated through the water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve, the guide vane servomotor stroke can be tested and obtained through a displacement sensor installed on the guide vane servomotor, and the effects of high measurement accuracy and low test cost are achieved.

[0118] The embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which comprises a processor and a memory.

[0119] The memory stores a program.

[0120] The processor executes the program to perform the aforementioned water turbine real machine efficiency test method; the electronic device has the function of carrying and running the software system of the water turbine real machine efficiency test provided by the embodiment of the application, for example, a personal computer, a mini computer, a main frame, a workstation, a network or a distributed computing environment, a single or integrated computer platform, or communication with a charged particle tool or other imaging device, and the like.

[0121] The embodiment of the application also provides a computer readable storage medium, the storage medium stores a program, and the program is executed by a processor to realize the water turbine real machine efficiency test method as described above.

[0122] In some alternative embodiments, the functions / operations mentioned in the block diagram can not occur in the order mentioned in the operation diagram. For example, depending on the functions / operations involved, two blocks shown in succession can actually be executed substantially simultaneously with each other, or the blocks can sometimes be executed in reverse order. In addition, the embodiments presented and described in the flowcharts of the application are provided by way of example, with the purpose of providing a more comprehensive understanding of the technology. The disclosed method is not limited to the operations and logical flows presented herein. Alternative embodiments are contemplated in which the order of various operations is changed and in which sub-operations described as part of larger operations are independently executed.

[0123] The embodiment of the application also discloses a computer program product or a computer program, the computer program product or the computer program comprising computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device can read the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the aforementioned water turbine real machine efficiency test method.

[0124] In addition, although the application is described in the context of functional modules, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated to the contrary, one or more of the functions and / or features described can be integrated in a single physical device and / or software module, or one or more functions and / or features can be implemented in separate physical devices or software modules. It can also be understood that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is unnecessary for an understanding of the application. Rather, given the properties, functions and internal relationships of the various functional modules in the devices disclosed herein, the actual implementation of the module will be within the routine skill of the engineer, given the benefit of this disclosure. Thus, a person of ordinary skill in the art, using the ordinary skill, can implement the application as set forth in the claims without undue experimentation. It can also be understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the application, which is defined by the full scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0125] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or the parts of the present application that essentially contribute to the prior art or the parts of the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0126] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered a list of executable instructions for implementing logic functions, and can be specifically embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions, or in conjunction with these instructions execution systems, apparatuses, or devices. For the purpose of this specification, the "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport programs for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, or in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, apparatuses, or devices.

[0127] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electrical devices), a portable computer diskette (magnetic devices), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium can even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program can be printed, because the program can be electronically obtained, for example, by optical scanning of the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing, if necessary, in other suitable ways, to be electronically obtained, and then stored in the computer memory.

[0128] It should be understood that aspects of the application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, various steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware which is stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, and in another embodiment, any of the following technologies, known in the art, can be used: a combination of discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions upon an application of data signals, application specific integrated circuits having logic gates, field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other components, in combination or as the case can be.

[0129] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0130] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, alternatives and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0131] The above is a specific description of the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or replacements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications or replacements are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of testing the efficiency of a hydraulic turbine, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: performing test on the target water turbine to obtain water head and guide vane actuator stroke of the water turbine; obtaining guide vane opening degree relationship and model guide vane opening degree, and determining first function relationship between guide vane actuator stroke and model guide vane opening degree according to the guide vane actuator stroke and the guide vane opening degree relationship; determining second function relationship between water turbine flow and the model guide vane opening degree and water head of the water turbine according to the water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve and the first function relationship; determining third function relationship between water turbine flow and guide vane actuator stroke according to the first function relationship and the second function relationship; determining water turbine efficiency of the target water turbine according to water turbine flow, guide vane actuator stroke and water head of the target water turbine under different working conditions.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein The method for performing test on the target water turbine to obtain water head, guide vane actuator stroke and power generation comprises the following steps: collecting generator power, volute inlet pressure, draft tube inlet pressure and guide vane actuator stroke of the target water turbine under multiple working condition points in the range from no load to maximum load; determining water head of the water turbine according to the difference between the volute inlet pressure and the draft tube inlet pressure; obtaining factory power generation efficiency of the target water turbine, and determining water turbine output of the target water turbine under each working condition point according to the factory power generation efficiency and the generator power.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein The method for obtaining guide vane opening degree relationship and model guide vane opening degree, and determining first function relationship between guide vane actuator stroke and model guide vane opening degree according to the guide vane actuator stroke and the guide vane opening degree relationship comprises the following steps: performing test on the target water turbine to obtain guide vane actuator stroke and real machine guide vane opening degree, and then determining relationship curve between the guide vane actuator stroke and the real machine guide vane opening degree; converting the real machine guide vane opening degree into model guide vane opening degree to obtain guide vane actuator stroke and model guide vane opening degree relationship curve, and the conversion formula is: wherein a 0m is the model guide vane opening, a0 is the real machine guide vane opening, D 1m is the runner diameter of the model hydraulic turbine, D 1p is the runner diameter of the real machine hydraulic turbine; adopting least square method and cubic polynomial to fit the guide vane actuator stroke and model guide vane opening degree relationship curve to obtain first function relationship between the guide vane actuator stroke and the model guide vane opening degree, which is: S k = B1a 0m 3 + B2a 0m 2 + B3a 0m + B4 where S k is the guide vane servomotor stroke, a 0m is the model guide vane opening, where B1, B2, B3, and B4 are curve fitting coefficients obtained by least squares.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein The method for determining second function relationship between water turbine flow and the model guide vane opening degree and water head of the water turbine according to the water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve comprises the following steps: obtaining maximum water head and minimum water head of the target water turbine during operation, and determining maximum unit speed and minimum unit speed according to the water turbine similarity theorem, and the calculation formula is: wherein n 11max is the maximum unit speed, n 11min is the minimum unit speed, D 1p is the runner diameter of the real hydraulic turbine, H min is the minimum water head, H max is the maximum water head, wherein n r is the rated speed of the unit; determining unit speed matrix according to the maximum unit speed and the minimum unit speed, wherein the unit speed matrix is calculated by using interval between the maximum unit speed and the minimum unit speed, and the interval is: where m is the number of interval points, Δn 11 is the interval width, and the unit speed matrix is [n 11,1 , n 11,2 , n 11,3 , …n 11,m ] ; obtaining water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve, and the water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve comprises unit flow, unit speed and model guide vane opening degree curve; According to the model guide vane opening curve, a model guide vane opening value is determined as [a 0m,1 ,a 0m,2 ,…,a 0m,i ,…a 0m,k ], k is the number of model guide vane opening curves; According to the linear intersection relationship between the unit flow and the model guide vane opening curve, the unit flow of the intersection point is determined, and then the unit flow matrix Q is obtained 11,i,j is: wherein i is unit flow identification serial number, and j is unit speed identification serial number. A matrix of guide vane actuator strokes is determined according to the model guide vane opening values and the first function relationship as [S kr,1 ,S kr,2 ,…,S kr,i ,…S kr,k ].

5. The method of claim 4, wherein The method for determining third function relationship between water turbine flow and guide vane actuator stroke according to the first function relationship and the second function relationship comprises the following steps: Obtaining the working water head of a hydraulic turbine The unit speed is determined according to the similarity law of the hydraulic turbine, and the unit speed n 11c,i The unit speed matrix is obtained where n 11c,i The calculation is as follows: determining the unit rotation speed [n 11,1 ,n 11,2 ,n 11,3 ,…n 11,m ] in the interval n 11,jm ≤n 11c,i <n 11,jm+1 , and determining the guide vane servomotor stroke S kc,i in the interval S kr,1 ,S kr,2 ,…,S kr,i ,…S kr,k ] of the guide vane servomotor stroke matrix [S kr,jk ,S kc,i <S kr,jk+1 , where 1≤jm≤m, 1≤jk≤k; performing interpolation processing on the guide vane actuator stroke value according to the interval of unit speed in the unit speed matrix and the interval of guide vane actuator stroke in the guide vane actuator stroke matrix to obtain unit flow, wherein the interpolation processing is: the obtained unit flow is: determining water turbine flow according to the unit flow is: where Q c,i is the turbine flow rate.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The water turbine efficiency of the target water turbine is determined according to the water turbine flow, the guide vane actuator stroke and the water turbine working water head of the target water turbine in different working conditions, and the method comprises the steps of: Obtaining the water turbine flow of the test working condition point The water turbine efficiency of each working condition point is obtained by calculation, and the water turbine efficiency calculation formula is Further, the water turbine efficiency of each test working point is obtained as 7. The method of claim 1, wherein The relay stroke device is collected by a displacement sensor arranged on the guide vane actuator.

8. A water turbine true machine efficiency test device, characterized by, The method comprises the steps of: A first module is configured to test the target water turbine to obtain the water turbine water head and the guide vane actuator stroke; A second module is configured to obtain the guide vane opening degree relationship and the model guide vane opening degree, and determine a first functional relationship between the guide vane actuator stroke and the model guide vane opening degree according to the guide vane actuator stroke and the guide vane opening degree relationship; A third module is configured to determine a second functional relationship between the water turbine flow and the model guide vane opening degree and the water turbine water head according to the water turbine model comprehensive characteristic curve and the first functional relationship; A fourth module is configured to determine a third functional relationship between the water turbine flow and the guide vane actuator stroke according to the first functional relationship and the second functional relationship; A fifth module is configured to determine the water turbine efficiency of the target water turbine according to the water turbine flow, the guide vane actuator stroke and the water turbine working water head of the target water turbine in different working conditions.

9. An electronic device, comprising: The device comprises a processor and a memory; The memory is configured to store a program; The processor executes the program to realize the water turbine real machine efficiency test method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a program, and the program is executed by the processor to realize the water turbine real machine efficiency test method according to any one of claims 1-7.

Images