Feed mechanism for preventing high-temperature flue gas backfire and household garbage incinerator

Abstract

The present application relates to incinerator technical field, specifically is related to a kind of anti high-temperature flue gas backflow tempering feeding mechanism and domestic waste incinerator, including temporary storage shell, lifting column, feed inlet, discharge port, feeding unit and unwinder;Temporary storage shell is vertically arranged in the upper portion of intercommunicating shell;Lifting column is vertically moved and arranged in temporary storage shell;Feed inlet is opened in the side wall of temporary storage shell;Discharge port is located below feed inlet and is opened in the side wall of temporary storage shell;Feeding unit is horizontally arranged on feed inlet;Unwinder is arranged above temporary storage shell, traction rope is wound in unwinder, unwinder is lifted by traction rope to pull lifting column, and the diameter of lifting column is same with the diameter of discharge port.The present application can quickly disconnect feeding mechanism from furnace body when furnace body backfire, avoid backfire flame to burn waste in conveying, both prolong the service life of feeding mechanism, and reduce workload.

Description

A feeding mechanism and a municipal solid waste incinerator that prevents backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of incinerator technology, specifically to a feeding mechanism and a municipal solid waste incinerator that prevents backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas. Background Technology

[0002] When municipal solid waste is processed by a waste incinerator, if backflow of high-temperature flue gas occurs, the waste in the feeding mechanism may be ignited. To avoid this, existing incinerators use discontinuous feeding to prevent the waste in the feeding mechanism from burning due to backflow. However, the feeding efficiency of the feeding mechanism is relatively low.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN115654508A discloses a hazardous waste incinerator feeding device with backfire prevention function, including a hazardous waste hopper, a hazardous waste screw conveyor, a flame retardant hopper, a cylinder-driven gate, a hazardous waste auxiliary screw conveyor, a hazardous waste discharge channel, and a furnace inlet. The hazardous waste screw conveyor is located above the hazardous waste auxiliary screw conveyor. The hazardous waste discharge channel is vertically located between the hazardous waste screw conveyor and the hazardous waste auxiliary screw conveyor. The hazardous waste hopper is located at the upper part of the starting end of the hazardous waste screw conveyor. The flame retardant hopper is located at the upper part of the terminal end of the hazardous waste auxiliary screw conveyor. The cylinder-driven gate is located at the outlet end of the flame retardant hopper. The outlet end of the hazardous waste auxiliary screw conveyor is connected to the furnace inlet.

[0004] The above solution achieves flame retardancy by adding flame retardants. However, when the furnace body experiences backfire, the added flame retardants cannot immediately play a flame retardant role. This is because the flame retardants cannot immediately fill the screw conveyor during the addition process. Therefore, although the flame retardants can separate the waste in the feeding mechanism from the furnace body, the flames generated by the backfire can still break through the blockage of the flame retardants, and the waste in the feeding mechanism will still burn. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, a feeding mechanism and a municipal solid waste incinerator are provided to prevent backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas. A temporary storage shell is installed on which the feeding unit is placed. A vertically movable lifting column is installed within the temporary storage shell. During normal operation, the lifting column is pulled by a winding device via a traction rope. When a pressure sensor detects positive pressure inside the furnace, the winding device quickly releases the traction rope, causing the lifting column to descend and block the discharge port at the bottom of the temporary storage shell. Simultaneously, a baffle plate is installed around the lifting column, rising and falling synchronously with it. After the lifting column blocks the discharge port at the bottom of the temporary storage shell, the baffle plate blocks the feed port, and the vent valve closes as the lifting column descends. This creates a sealed space within the temporary storage shell after the lifting column descends. Even if a flashback flame ignites the remaining waste in the temporary storage shell during the descent of the lifting column, the ignited waste is quickly extinguished within the sealed space.

[0006] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a feeding mechanism to prevent backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas. The feeding mechanism comprises a connecting shell and a furnace body arranged sequentially below it, with a pressure sensor installed on the connecting shell. The feeding mechanism includes a temporary storage shell, a lifting column, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, a feeding unit, and an unwinding device. The temporary storage shell is vertically positioned above the connecting shell. The lifting column is vertically movable within the temporary storage shell. The feed inlet is located on the side wall of the temporary storage shell. The discharge outlet is located below the feed inlet and is also located on the side wall of the temporary storage shell. The feeding unit is horizontally positioned above the feed inlet. The unwinding device is positioned above the temporary storage shell, and a traction rope is wound inside the unwinding device. The unwinding device pulls the lifting column up and down via the traction rope. The diameter of the lifting column is the same as the diameter of the discharge outlet. The lifting column has a highest position and a lowest position during the lifting process. When the lifting column is at its highest position, there is a gap between the bottom of the lifting column and the discharge outlet for waste discharge. When the lifting column is at its lowest position, the lifting column blocks the discharge outlet.

[0007] Preferably, the feeding mechanism further includes a first rotary driver, a drive shaft, a drive groove, and a first helical blade; the first rotary driver is vertically disposed on the upper part of the temporary storage shell; the drive shaft is vertically fixedly disposed on the output end of the first rotary driver, and the horizontal cross-section of the drive shaft is a hexagonal structure; the drive groove is vertically disposed on the upper part of the lifting column, and the horizontal cross-section of the drive groove is a hexagonal structure, the drive shaft extends into the drive groove and slides in cooperation with the drive groove; the first helical blade is fixedly disposed on the lower part of the lifting column, and when the lifting column is at its highest position, the first helical blade is disposed at the discharge port.

[0008] Preferably, a vent valve is provided at the upper part of the temporary storage shell to allow inert gas to be introduced into the temporary storage shell.

[0009] Preferably, a protective sleeve is fixedly installed on the top of the temporary storage shell to surround the traction rope, and the protective sleeve slides in conjunction with the lifting column.

[0010] Preferably, a lifting ring, an extension rod, and a limiting ring are provided at the upper part of the lifting column; the lifting ring is located at the upper part of the lifting column, the outer diameter of the lifting ring is the same as the inner diameter of the protective sleeve, and the lifting ring and the protective sleeve slide in a vertical direction, while the lifting ring and the lifting column rotate in a rotational engagement along the axis of the temporary storage shell, and the lifting ring and the lifting column rise and fall synchronously. Multiple needle rollers are evenly arranged around the axis of the lifting ring on the contact end face of the lifting ring and the lifting column, and the lifting ring rotates in a rotational engagement with the lifting column through the needle rollers; the extension rod is vertically fixedly located at the upper part of the lifting ring; the limiting ring is fixedly located on the inner wall of the protective sleeve, the extension rod vertically passes through the limiting ring and slides in a sliding engagement with the limiting ring, and the traction rope is fixedly connected to the upper end of the extension rod.

[0011] Preferably, a baffle is fitted on the outside of the lifting column to block the feed inlet, and the baffle rotates in conjunction with the lifting column.

[0012] Preferably, a support frame is horizontally provided inside the connecting shell to support the lowered lifting column.

[0013] Preferably, the feeding mechanism further includes a deceleration unit, which includes a sliding column, a sliding groove, a first vent hole, and a second vent hole; the sliding column is vertically fixed on the receiving frame; the sliding groove is vertically opened at the bottom of the lifting column, and the sliding column extends into the sliding groove and slides in cooperation with the sliding groove; multiple first vent holes are provided and are evenly distributed on the side wall of the sliding groove; the second vent hole is provided above the first vent hole and is located at the top of the sliding groove.

[0014] Preferably, the feeding unit includes a feeding shell, a second spiral blade, and a second rotary driver; the feeding shell is horizontally disposed on the feed inlet of the temporary storage shell; the second spiral blade is rotatably disposed in the feeding shell in a horizontal direction; the second rotary driver is disposed at the end of the feeding shell and is used to drive the second spiral blade to rotate.

[0015] The present invention also relates to a municipal solid waste incinerator, including a feeding mechanism to prevent backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas.

[0016] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0017] 1. This invention features a temporary storage shell on which the feeding unit is placed. A vertically movable lifting column is installed within the shell. During normal use, the lifting column is pulled by a winding device via a traction rope. When the pressure sensor detects positive pressure inside the furnace, the winding device quickly releases the traction rope, causing the lifting column to descend and block the discharge port at the bottom of the temporary storage shell. Simultaneously, a baffle plate is installed around the lifting column, rising and falling synchronously with it. After the lifting column blocks the discharge port at the bottom of the temporary storage shell, the baffle plate blocks the feed port, and the vent valve closes as the lifting column descends. This creates a sealed space within the temporary storage shell. Even if a flashback flame ignites the waste remaining in the shell during the descent of the lifting column, the ignited waste is quickly extinguished within the sealed space. In summary, when the furnace body experiences tempering, this invention can quickly disconnect the feeding mechanism from the furnace body, preventing the tempering flames from burning the conveying waste. This not only extends the service life of the feeding mechanism but also avoids the cleaning work of waste ash in the feeding mechanism after waste combustion, reducing workload.

[0018] 2. By introducing inert gas into the temporary storage shell, the concentration of flammable gases generated by the waste in the temporary storage shell is reduced. At the same time, the oxygen introduced into the furnace body is basically consumed during combustion in the furnace body, so the inert gas can also dilute the oxygen concentration in the temporary storage shell. When backfire occurs in the furnace body, because the oxygen concentration and flammable gas concentration in the temporary storage shell are both low, the backfire flame will be hindered when it spreads to the discharge port of the temporary storage shell, which slows down the spread of the backfire flame and prevents the backfire flame from rising into the feeding unit, thereby preventing the waste in the feeding unit from burning.

[0019] 3. By setting up a sliding column, a sliding groove, a first vent, and a second vent, when the lifting column begins to descend, the sliding column gradually slides into the sliding groove. The air in the sliding groove is discharged through the first and second vents. At this time, the sliding column is not affected by airflow resistance when sliding into the sliding groove, ensuring that the lifting column can descend quickly. When the lifting column blocks the discharge port at the bottom of the temporary storage shell, the sliding column moves to the side of the first vent and blocks the first vent. At this time, the lower part of the lifting column is not in contact with the receiving frame. The lifting column continues to descend, and the sliding column continues to slide into the sliding groove. Since the first vent is blocked by the sliding column, only the second vent has the venting function. When the sliding column continues to slide into the sliding groove, the second vent has an overflow function, which gradually slows down the descent speed of the lifting column, thereby avoiding the impact of the descending lifting column on the receiving frame. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to the present invention when it is connected to the furnace body;

[0021] Figure 2 is a side view of the feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to the present invention when connected to the connecting shell;

[0022] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of point AA in Figure 2 when the feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas of the present invention is connected to the connecting shell.

[0023] Figure 4 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of point B in Figure 3 of a feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to the present invention when connected to the connecting shell.

[0025] Figure 6 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of point C in Figure 5 of the feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of point D in Figure 5 of a feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of point E in Figure 5 of the feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to the present invention after removing the temporary storage shell and the feeding unit.

[0029] Figure 10 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to the present invention after removing the temporary storage shell, feeding unit and baffle.

[0030] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Connecting shell; 11. Receiving frame; 2. Furnace body; 3. Temporary storage shell; 31. Lifting column; 311. First rotary actuator; 312. Drive shaft; 313. Drive groove; 314. First spiral blade; 315. Baffle; 32. Feed inlet; 33. Discharge outlet; 34. Feeding unit; 341. Feeding shell; 342. Second spiral blade; 343. Second rotary actuator; 35. Unwinder; 351. Traction rope; 352. Protective sleeve; 353. Lifting ring; 354. Extension rod; 355. Limiting ring; 356. Needle roller; 36. Vent valve; 37. Reduction unit; 371. Sliding column; 372. Sliding groove; 373. First exhaust port; 374. Second exhaust port. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Referring to Figures 1-3: A feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas. The feeding mechanism includes a connecting shell 1 and a furnace body 2 arranged sequentially below it. A pressure sensor is installed on the connecting shell 1. The feeding mechanism includes a temporary storage shell 3, a lifting column 31, a feed inlet 32, a discharge outlet 33, a feeding unit 34, and an unwinding device 35. The temporary storage shell 3 is vertically arranged above the connecting shell 1. The lifting column 31 is vertically movable within the temporary storage shell 3. The feed inlet 32 ​​is located on the side wall of the temporary storage shell 3. The discharge outlet 33 is located below the feed inlet 32 ​​and is located within the temporary storage shell 3. On the side wall; the feeding unit 34 is horizontally set on the feed inlet 32; the unwinder 35 is set above the temporary storage shell 3, and the unwinder 35 is wound with a traction rope 351. The unwinder 35 pulls the lifting column 31 up and down through the traction rope 351. The diameter of the lifting column 31 is the same as the diameter of the discharge port 33. The lifting column 31 has a highest position and a lowest position during the lifting process. When the lifting column 31 is at the highest position, there is a gap between the bottom of the lifting column 31 and the discharge port 33 for the garbage to be discharged. When the lifting column 31 is at the lowest position, the lifting column 31 blocks the discharge port 33.

[0033] In the existing waste incineration process, the feeding mechanism is connected to the furnace body 2 through the connecting shell 1. The waste transported by the feeding mechanism enters the furnace body 2 for incineration through the connecting shell 1. The function of the connecting shell 1 is to increase the distance between the feeding mechanism and the furnace body 2. Otherwise, when the feeding mechanism is transporting waste, the flame in the furnace body 2 will ignite the waste in the feeding mechanism, causing the waste in the feeding mechanism to burn gradually. If the waste in the feeding mechanism burns too fast, it is easy to cause the flames to leap out. While the aforementioned situation can be avoided by installing the connecting shell 1, backfire can still occur during combustion in the furnace body 2. There are many reasons for backfire, including fuel characteristics, design flaws in the combustion system, operational and control errors, equipment malfunctions, and maintenance issues. When backfire occurs in the furnace body 2, the flames can rise through the connecting shell 1 into the feeding mechanism, making the waste in the feeding mechanism easily ignited by the rising flames. Therefore, the existing feeding mechanism still needs to be optimized. In the existing technology, a flame retardant hopper that can spray flame retardant is added to the feeding mechanism. A pressure sensor is installed on the connecting shell 1. When the furnace body 2 is operating normally, the pressure sensor detects a negative pressure. If the furnace body 2 is not operating normally, the pressure sensor detects a positive pressure, which easily leads to backfire. The flame retardant hopper executes corresponding steps based on the results detected by the pressure sensor. If the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is positive, the flame retardant head will discharge the flame retardant, causing it to accumulate in the feeding mechanism. However, the process of the flame retardant being discharged into the feeding mechanism is continuous. When backfire occurs, the airflow in the feeding mechanism will also backflow, which prolongs the sealing time of the flame retardant in the feeding mechanism. Consequently, when the flame retardant has sealed the feeding mechanism, the waste in the feeding mechanism has already been ignited by the flame generated by the backfire. Although the flame retardant can disconnect the feeding mechanism from the furnace body 2, the waste in the feeding mechanism will still continue to burn, which increases the workload of cleaning the feeding mechanism. Furthermore, the burning waste in the feeding mechanism will also cause heat damage to the relevant structures inside the feeding mechanism.

[0034] To avoid the above situation, the existing feeding mechanism structure was optimized so that when the furnace body 2 experiences backfire, the feeding mechanism can disconnect from the furnace body 2 more quickly, reducing the probability that the waste in the feeding mechanism will be ignited by the flame generated by the backfire. The structure and working process of the present invention are as follows: In use, waste is put into the feeding unit 34, which transports the waste to the inlet 32 ​​of the temporary storage shell 3. The waste falls into the temporary storage shell 3 from the inlet 32. At this time, the lifting column 31 is at its highest position. There is a gap between the bottom of the lifting column 31 and the discharge port 33 at the bottom of the temporary storage shell 3. The gap is used for the waste to be discharged from the temporary storage shell 3 into the connecting shell 1. The waste falling into the temporary storage shell 3 passes through the gap and is discharged into the connecting shell 1 from the discharge port 33. At this time, the air pressure sensor detects a negative pressure. When the air pressure sensor detects a positive pressure, the unwinder 3... 5. Quickly release the traction rope 351. The lifting column 31 descends rapidly under its own weight and blocks the discharge port 33 at the bottom of the temporary storage shell 3. The garbage in the gap will be squeezed out by the descending lifting column 31, and there will be no situation where the garbage obstructs the lifting column 31 and prevents it from descending smoothly. This disconnects the temporary storage shell 3 from the furnace body 2. In addition, the garbage discharged into the temporary storage shell 3 through the feeding unit 34 will accumulate in a small amount in the gap. The accumulated garbage can also hinder the flame of the backfire. Compared with adding flame retardant, the speed of disconnecting the temporary storage shell 3 from the furnace body 2 by the lifting column 31 is faster.

[0035] Referring to Figures 5, 7, and 9: the feeding mechanism further includes a first rotary driver 311, a drive shaft 312, a drive groove 313, and a first spiral blade 314; the first rotary driver 311 is vertically disposed on the upper part of the temporary storage shell 3; the drive shaft 312 is vertically fixedly disposed on the output end of the first rotary driver 311, and the horizontal cross-section of the drive shaft 312 is hexagonal; the drive groove 313 is vertically disposed on the upper part of the lifting column 31, and the horizontal cross-section of the drive groove 313 is hexagonal, and the drive shaft 312 extends into the drive groove 313 and slides in cooperation with the drive groove 313; the first spiral blade 314 is fixedly disposed on the lower part of the lifting column 31, and when the lifting column 31 is at its highest position, the first spiral blade 314 is disposed at the discharge port 33.

[0036] The first rotary drive 311 is preferably a servo motor. During the normal feeding process of the feeding mechanism, even though the lifting column 31 is at its highest position, some of the waste entering the temporary storage shell 3 will still accumulate at the bottom of the temporary storage shell 3. By setting the first spiral blade 314 at the discharge port 33 of the temporary storage shell 3, the first rotary drive 311 drives the lifting column 31 to rotate through the drive shaft 312, thereby enabling the lifting column 31 to drive the first spiral blade 314 to rotate, ensuring that the waste accumulating at the bottom of the temporary storage shell 3 can be smoothly discharged into the connecting shell 1.

[0037] Referring to Figures 2 and 5: A vent valve 36 is provided on the upper part of the temporary storage shell 3, which can introduce inert gas into the temporary storage shell 3.

[0038] When the furnace body 2 is burning waste, the furnace body 2 is under negative pressure. Therefore, the inert gas discharged into the temporary storage shell 3 through the vent valve 36 will enter the furnace body 2 through the connecting shell 1. However, oxygen will be introduced into the furnace body 2 to ensure normal combustion of the waste. At the same time, the volume of the temporary storage shell 3 is smaller than the total volume of the connecting shell 1 and the furnace body 2. As the inert gas diffuses, the concentration of inert gas in the temporary storage shell 3 is higher than the concentration of inert gas in the furnace body 2. Therefore, the inert gas discharged into the temporary storage shell 3 has no impact on the normal combustion of the furnace body 2. By introducing inert gas into the temporary storage shell 3, the concentration of flammable gases generated by the waste in the temporary storage shell 3 is reduced. At the same time, the oxygen introduced into the furnace body 2 is almost completely consumed during combustion in the furnace body 2. Therefore, the inert gas can also dilute the oxygen concentration in the temporary storage shell 3. When backfire occurs in the furnace body 2, because the oxygen concentration and flammable gas concentration in the temporary storage shell 3 are both low, the backfire flame will be hindered when it spreads to the discharge port 33 of the temporary storage shell 3, which slows down the spread of the backfire flame and prevents the backfire flame from rising into the feeding unit 34, thereby preventing the waste in the feeding unit 34 from burning.

[0039] Referring to Figure 6: A protective sleeve 352 is fixedly installed on the top of the temporary storage shell 3, which surrounds the traction rope 351. The protective sleeve 352 is slidably engaged with the lifting column 31.

[0040] By installing a protective sleeve 352 on the outside of the traction rope 351, the lifespan of the traction rope 351 is prevented from being reduced due to high temperature when the garbage inside the temporary storage shell 3 is ignited.

[0041] Referring to Figures 6 and 10: A lifting ring 353, an extension rod 354, and a limiting ring 355 are provided on the upper part of the lifting column 31; the lifting ring 353 is located on the upper part of the lifting column 31, the outer diameter of the lifting ring 353 is the same as the inner diameter of the protective sleeve 352, and the lifting ring 353 and the protective sleeve 352 slide in a vertical direction, while the lifting ring 353 and the lifting column 31 rotate in a rotational manner along the axis of the temporary storage shell 3. The lifting ring 353 and the lifting column 31 rise and fall synchronously. Multiple needle rollers 356 are evenly arranged around the axis of the lifting ring 353 on the contact end face with the lifting column 31. The lifting ring 353 rotates with the lifting column 31 through the needle rollers 356. The extension rod 354 is vertically fixedly set on the upper part of the lifting ring 353. The limiting ring 355 is fixedly set on the inner wall of the protective sleeve 352. The extension rod 354 vertically passes through the limiting ring 355 and slides with the limiting ring 355. The traction rope 351 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the extension rod 354.

[0042] Since the lifting column 31 can be driven to rotate by the first rotary driver 311 while it is lifting, a lifting ring 353 and an extension rod 354 are provided on the upper part of the lifting column 31. At the same time, the extension rod 354 is limited by the limiting ring 355, so that the traction rope 351 will not be affected by the rotational force of the lifting column 31 when the lifting column 31 rotates. A needle roller 356 is provided on the end face of the lifting ring 353 that contacts the lifting column 31, which reduces the friction when the lifting ring 353 and the lifting column 31 rotate together. That is, when the lifting column 31 rotates, the lifting ring 353 will not rotate with the lifting column 31, which reduces the load pressure on the first rotary driver 311 and reduces the wear generated when the lifting ring 353 and the lifting column 31 rotate together.

[0043] Referring to Figures 5 and 9: A baffle 315 is fitted on the outside of the lifting column 31 to block the feed inlet 32. The baffle 315 rotates and engages with the lifting column 31 along the axis of the lifting column 31, and the baffle 315 can rise and fall synchronously with the lifting column 31.

[0044] When the gas pressure inside the furnace body 2 is positive, the lifting column 31 descends, and the baffle 315 descends synchronously with the lifting column 31. The baffle 315 blocks the feed inlet 32 ​​on the side wall of the temporary storage shell 3. That is, when the lifting column 31 blocks the discharge port 33 of the temporary storage shell 3, the baffle 315 blocks the feed inlet 32 ​​of the temporary storage shell 3. This prevents the backfire flame from intruding into the temporary storage shell 3 before the lifting column 31 completely seals the discharge port 33, thus preventing the combustion of the waste remaining in the temporary storage shell 3. The feed inlet 32 ​​affects the waste in the feeding unit 34, and when the lifting column 31 descends, the vent valve 36 closes simultaneously. After the lifting column 31 blocks the discharge port 33 of the temporary storage shell 3, the temporary storage shell 3 is in a sealed state. Since the vent valve 36 continuously introduces inert gas into the temporary storage shell 3 during normal operation of the furnace body 2, the oxygen content and the concentration of flammable gas in the temporary storage shell 3 are both low. The waste that burns in the temporary storage shell 3 will be extinguished quickly, thereby achieving flame retardancy.

[0045] By setting up a temporary storage shell 3, the feeding unit 34 is set on the temporary storage shell 3, and a lifting column 31 that can move vertically is set in the temporary storage shell 3. During normal use, the lifting column 31 is pulled by a winder through a traction rope 351. When the air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure in the furnace body 2 is positive, the winder quickly releases the traction rope 351, causing the lifting column 31 to descend and block the discharge port 33 at the bottom of the temporary storage shell 3. At the same time, a baffle 315 is also set on the outer periphery of the lifting column 31, which rises and falls synchronously with the lifting column 31. After the lifting column 31 blocks the discharge port 33 at the bottom of the temporary storage shell 3, the baffle 315 blocks the feed port 32, and the vent valve 36 closes when the lifting column 31 descends, so that a sealed space is formed in the temporary storage shell 3 after the lifting column 31 descends. Even if the backfire flame ignites the garbage remaining in the temporary storage shell 3 when the lifting column 31 descends, the ignited garbage can be extinguished quickly in the sealed space. In summary, when the furnace body 2 experiences tempering, the present invention can quickly disconnect the feeding mechanism from the furnace body 2, preventing the tempering flame from burning the conveyed waste. This not only extends the service life of the feeding mechanism but also avoids the cleaning work of the waste ash in the feeding mechanism after the waste is burned, thus reducing the workload.

[0046] Referring to Figure 5: A support frame 11 is horizontally arranged inside the connecting shell 1 to provide support for the lowered lifting column 31.

[0047] The support frame 11 is fixedly installed on the connecting shell 1. The support frame 11 provides support for the lifting column 31, thus avoiding the impact of the traction rope 351 in the unwinder 35 on the inertia of the lifting column 31 after it descends.

[0048] Referring to Figures 3, 4, and 8: the feeding mechanism further includes a deceleration unit 37, which includes a sliding column 371, a sliding groove 372, a first vent 373, and a second vent 374. The sliding column 371 is vertically fixed on the receiving frame 11. The sliding groove 372 is vertically opened at the bottom of the lifting column 31, and the sliding column 371 extends into the sliding groove 372 and slides in cooperation with the sliding groove 372. Multiple first vents 373 are provided and evenly distributed on the side wall of the sliding groove 372. The second vent 374 is located above the first vent 373 and is located at the top of the sliding groove 372.

[0049] When the lifting column 31 is at its highest position, the sliding column 371 is located below the first exhaust port 373, and there is a certain distance between the upper part of the sliding column 371 and the first exhaust port 373. When the lifting column 31 begins to descend, the sliding column 371 gradually slides into the sliding groove 372. The air in the sliding groove 372 is discharged through the first exhaust port 373 and the second exhaust port 374. At this time, the sliding column 371 is not affected by airflow resistance when it slides into the sliding groove 372, ensuring that the lifting column 31 can descend quickly. When the lifting column 31 blocks the discharge port 33 at the bottom of the temporary storage shell 3, the sliding column 371... 1. Move to the side of the first vent 373 and block the first vent 373. At this time, the lower part of the lifting column 31 is not in contact with the receiving frame 11. The lifting column 31 continues to descend, and the sliding column 371 continues to slide into the sliding groove 372. Since the first vent 373 is blocked by the sliding column 371, only the second vent 374 has the function of venting. When the sliding column 371 continues to slide into the sliding groove 372, the second vent 374 generates an overflow function, which gradually reduces the descent speed of the lifting column 31, thereby avoiding the impact of the descending lifting column 31 on the receiving frame 11. The highest position of the lifting column 31 is determined by the unwinder 35. That is, when using it, the length of the traction rope released from the unwinder 35 is preset so that there is a gap between the lifting column 31 and the discharge port 33. Therefore, the specific highest position of the lifting column 31 can be set by itself according to the actual situation. When the lifting column 31 is at the lowest position, the lifting column 31 is supported by the receiving frame 11.

[0050] Referring to Figure 3: The feeding unit 34 includes a feeding shell 341, a second spiral blade 342, and a second rotary driver 343; the feeding shell 341 is horizontally disposed on the feed inlet 32 ​​of the temporary storage shell 3; the second spiral blade 342 is rotatably disposed in the feeding shell 341 in the horizontal direction; the second rotary driver 343 is disposed at the end of the feeding shell 341 and is used to drive the second spiral blade 342 to rotate.

[0051] The second rotary drive 343 is preferably a servo motor. An opening is provided on the upper side of the feeding port away from the inlet 32. Waste is fed into the feeding shell 341 through the opening and discharged from the inlet 32 ​​into the temporary storage shell 3 under the conveying of the second spiral blade 342. In use, multiple feeding units 34 can be set as needed, and multiple inlets 32 are correspondingly opened on the side wall of the temporary storage shell 3.

[0052] Referring to Figures 1-10: The present invention also relates to a municipal solid waste incinerator, including a feeding mechanism to prevent backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas.

[0053] Working principle: During use, waste is fed into the feeding unit 34, which transports the waste to the inlet 32 ​​of the temporary storage shell 3. The waste falls into the temporary storage shell 3 from the inlet 32. At this time, the lifting column 31 is at its highest position. There is a gap between the bottom of the lifting column 31 and the discharge port 33 at the bottom of the temporary storage shell 3. The waste falling into the temporary storage shell 3 passes through the gap and is discharged into the connecting shell 1 through the discharge port 33. At this time, the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor is negative. When the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor... When the pressure is positive, the unwinder 35 will quickly release the traction rope 351, and the lifting column 31 will descend rapidly under its own weight and block the discharge port 33 at the bottom of the temporary storage shell 3, thus disconnecting the temporary storage shell 3 from the furnace body 2. In addition, the garbage discharged into the temporary storage shell 3 through the feeding unit 34 will accumulate in the gaps. The accumulated garbage can also hinder the flame of the backfire. Compared with adding flame retardant, the speed of disconnecting the temporary storage shell 3 from the furnace body 2 by the lifting column 31 is faster.

[0054] When the gas pressure inside the furnace body 2 is positive, the lifting column 31 descends, and the baffle 315 descends synchronously with the lifting column 31. The baffle 315 blocks the feed inlet 32 ​​on the side wall of the temporary storage shell 3. That is, when the lifting column 31 blocks the discharge port 33 of the temporary storage shell 3, the baffle 315 blocks the feed inlet 32 ​​of the temporary storage shell 3. This prevents the backfire flame from intruding into the temporary storage shell 3 before the lifting column 31 completely seals the discharge port 33, thus preventing the combustion of the waste remaining in the temporary storage shell 3. The feed inlet 32 ​​affects the waste in the feeding unit 34, and when the lifting column 31 descends, the vent valve 36 closes simultaneously. After the lifting column 31 blocks the discharge port 33 of the temporary storage shell 3, the temporary storage shell 3 is in a sealed state. Since the vent valve 36 continuously introduces inert gas into the temporary storage shell 3 during normal operation of the furnace body 2, the oxygen content and the concentration of flammable gas in the temporary storage shell 3 are both low. The waste that burns in the temporary storage shell 3 will be extinguished quickly, thereby achieving flame retardancy.

[0055] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas, wherein a connecting shell (1) and a furnace body (2) are sequentially arranged below the feeding mechanism, and a pressure sensor is provided on the connecting shell (1); characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes a temporary storage shell (3), a lifting column (31), a feed inlet (32), a discharge outlet (33), a feeding unit (34), and an unwinder (35); the temporary storage shell (3) is vertically arranged above the connecting shell (1); the lifting column (31) is vertically movable within the temporary storage shell (3); the feed inlet (32) is located on the side wall of the temporary storage shell (3); the discharge outlet (33) is located below the feed inlet (32) and is located on the side wall of the temporary storage shell (3); the feeding unit (34) 34) The unwinder (35) is set horizontally on the feed inlet (32); the unwinder (35) is set above the temporary storage shell (3), and the unwinder (35) is wound with a traction rope (351). The unwinder (35) pulls the lifting column (31) up and down through the traction rope (351). The diameter of the lifting column (31) is the same as the diameter of the discharge port (33). The lifting column (31) has a highest position and a lowest position during the lifting process. When the lifting column (31) is at the highest position, the bottom of the lifting column (31) is close to the discharge port. The opening (33) has a gap for garbage discharge. When the lifting column (31) is at its lowest position, the lifting column (31) blocks the discharge opening (33). A protective sleeve (352) is fixedly installed on the top of the temporary storage shell (3) to surround the traction rope (351). The protective sleeve (352) slides with the lifting column (31). A lifting ring (353), an extension rod (354), and a limiting ring (355) are provided on the upper part of the lifting column (31). The lifting ring (353) is set on the lifting column. (31) At the upper part, the outer diameter of the lifting ring (353) is the same as the inner diameter of the protective sleeve (352), and the lifting ring (353) and the protective sleeve (352) slide in the vertical direction. The lifting ring (353) and the lifting column (31) rotate in the axis of the temporary storage shell (3). The lifting ring (353) and the lifting column (31) rise and fall synchronously. On the contact end surface of the lifting ring (353) and the lifting column (31), multiple needle rollers (356) are evenly arranged around the axis of the lifting ring (353). The lifting ring (353) rotates with the lifting column (31) via the needle roller (356); the extension rod (354) is vertically fixed on the upper part of the lifting ring (353); the limiting ring (355) is fixed on the inner wall of the protective sleeve (352), the extension rod (354) vertically passes through the limiting ring (355) and slides with the limiting ring (355), and the traction rope (351) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the extension rod (354).

2. The feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism also includes a first rotary driver (311), a drive shaft (312), a drive groove (313), and a first spiral blade (314); the first rotary driver (311) is vertically disposed on the upper part of the temporary storage shell (3); the drive shaft (312) is vertically fixed on the output end of the first rotary driver (311), and the horizontal cross-section of the drive shaft (312) is a hexagonal structure; the drive groove (313) is vertically opened on the upper part of the lifting column (31), and the horizontal cross-section of the drive groove (313) is a hexagonal structure, and the drive shaft (312) extends into the drive groove (313) and slides in cooperation with the drive groove (313); the first spiral blade (314) is fixedly disposed on the lower part of the lifting column (31), and when the lifting column (31) is at its highest position, the first spiral blade (314) is disposed at the discharge port (33).

3. The feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vent valve (36) is provided on the upper part of the temporary storage shell (3) to allow inert gas to be introduced into the temporary storage shell (3).

4. The feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to claim 2, characterized in that, A baffle (315) is fitted on the outside of the lifting column (31) to block the feed inlet (32). The baffle (315) and the lifting column (31) rotate and cooperate along the axis of the lifting column (31), and the baffle (315) can rise and fall synchronously with the lifting column (31).

5. The feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support frame (11) is horizontally installed inside the connecting shell (1) to provide support for the lowered lifting column (31).

6. The feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to claim 5, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism also includes a deceleration unit (37), which includes a sliding column (371), a sliding groove (372), a first vent (373), and a second vent (374). The sliding column (371) is vertically fixed on the receiving frame (11). The sliding groove (372) is vertically opened at the bottom of the lifting column (31), and the sliding column (371) extends into the sliding groove (372) and slides in cooperation with the sliding groove (372). The first vent (373) is provided in multiple locations and is evenly distributed on the side wall of the sliding groove (372). The second vent (374) is located above the first vent (373) and is located at the top of the sliding groove (372).

7. The feeding mechanism for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding unit (34) includes a feeding shell (341), a second spiral blade (342), and a second rotary driver (343); the feeding shell (341) is horizontally disposed on the feed inlet (32) of the temporary storage shell (3); the second spiral blade (342) is rotatably disposed in the feeding shell (341) in the horizontal direction; the second rotary driver (343) is disposed at the end of the feeding shell (341) and is used to drive the second spiral blade (342) to rotate.

8. A municipal solid waste incinerator, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes any one of claims 1-7 for preventing backflow and flashback of high-temperature flue gas.

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