Vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material adding device, vacuum melting furnace and auxiliary material adding method

Abstract

The application discloses a vacuum smelting furnace auxiliary material adding device, a vacuum smelting furnace and an auxiliary material adding method. The auxiliary material adding device comprises a storage box and an adding box, and further comprises a weighing box and a rectangular opening arranged at the top of the adding box. The weighing box is arranged in the adding box and below the rectangular opening. A partition plate is fixedly connected in the adding box. A blanking pipe is communicated with the bottom of the weighing box. A valve is arranged on the blanking pipe. The blanking pipe penetrates through the partition plate. A weighing assembly is arranged in the adding box and used for weighing the weight of the auxiliary material entering the weighing box. The auxiliary material adding device has the advantages of precise weighing of the auxiliary material, efficient sealing, negative pressure pretreatment and automatic recovery of the excess material. The application is matched with a corresponding vacuum smelting furnace and adding method to improve the stability, efficiency and product quality of the vacuum smelting process and meet the production requirements of high-quality metal materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vacuum melting furnaces, and more particularly to a device for adding auxiliary materials to a vacuum melting furnace, a vacuum melting furnace, and a method for adding auxiliary materials. Background Technology

[0002] In metallurgy, materials preparation, and other fields, vacuum melting furnaces are key equipment for smelting high-quality metals and alloys because they can isolate air and reduce impurity contamination. The precise addition of auxiliary materials (such as deoxidizers and alloying element additives) directly affects the compositional uniformity, purity, and mechanical properties of the smelted products, and is an indispensable part of the vacuum melting process.

[0003] Currently, the main technical challenges in the addition of auxiliary materials for vacuum melting furnaces are as follows:

[0004] 1. Low weight control precision: Traditional auxiliary material addition relies heavily on manual estimation or simple volumetric measurement, making it difficult to accurately control the amount added at one time. In some systems that use weighing devices, the actual weight of the auxiliary material entering the melting furnace deviates significantly from the preset value due to accumulation and spillage during the material transportation process. This affects the stability of product quality, especially for the melting of high-purity alloys, where even a small weight error can lead to excessive composition.

[0005] II. Gas Interference with the Melting Environment: Vacuum melting furnaces require a high vacuum to prevent gases (such as oxygen and nitrogen) from reacting with the molten metal to form impurities such as oxides and nitrides. Existing additive systems often fail to seal the additive channels or perform negative pressure pretreatment before the additives are delivered to the furnace, allowing outside air to enter the furnace along with the additives. This disrupts the vacuum environment and increases the risk of melting defects. While some systems have sealing structures, the timing of the sealing is not well-coordinated with the weighing process, easily leading to problems such as "sealing before weighing is complete" or "gas residue remaining after sealing."

[0006] 3. Material waste and recycling difficulties: During the auxiliary material conveying process of existing equipment, when the added auxiliary material reaches the preset value, there is still a certain amount of auxiliary material in the adding equipment. The excess auxiliary material is easy to spill directly into or outside the adding device, which not only causes material waste, but may also cause equipment blockage due to the accumulation of auxiliary material, increasing equipment maintenance costs; some recycling structures are complex in design, require additional power to drive, and are prone to introducing impurities during the recycling process, further affecting the purity of auxiliary materials.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to design a vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material addition device, a vacuum melting furnace, and an auxiliary material addition method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material addition device, a vacuum melting furnace, and an auxiliary material addition method. This invention has the advantages of achieving accurate weighing of auxiliary materials, efficient sealing, negative pressure pretreatment, and automatic recovery of excess materials. At the same time, it is equipped with a corresponding vacuum melting furnace and addition method to improve the stability, efficiency, and product quality of the vacuum melting process and meet the production needs of high-quality metal materials.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material adding device includes a storage box and an adding box, and further includes: a weighing box and a rectangular opening set at the top of the adding box. The weighing box is located inside the adding box and below the rectangular opening. A partition is fixedly connected inside the adding box. A material discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the weighing box. A valve is provided on the material discharge pipe. The material discharge pipe passes through the partition. A weighing component is provided inside the adding box for weighing the weight of the auxiliary material entering the weighing box.

[0011] A sealing assembly, located above the adding box, includes two guide rails mounted above the adding box, with a sealing plate slidably connected to both guide rails. A hydraulic rod is mounted on the right side of the adding box, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod is connected to the right side of the sealing plate via a connecting plate. The connecting plate is L-shaped and is used to seal the adding box when the weight of the auxiliary material in the weighing box reaches a preset weight. A negative pressure pump, connected to the top space of the adding box via a connecting pipe, is used to extract gas from the adding box after it is sealed.

[0012] Preferably, the assembly further includes a first spiral conveying assembly and a second spiral conveying assembly. The first spiral conveying assembly includes two fixed plates fixedly connected to the right side of the storage box. An inclined box is fixedly connected to the adjacent sides of the two fixed plates. A first rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the inclined box. A first conveying spiral blade is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating rod. A second motor is installed on the left side of the inclined box. The output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the first rotating rod. A feed hopper is connected to the upper end of the inclined box, and a discharge port is connected to the lower end of the inclined box. The first spiral conveying assembly is used to convey the auxiliary materials conveyed by the second spiral conveying assembly into the weighing box.

[0013] Preferably, the second spiral conveying assembly includes a vertical box fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage bin. The vertical box has inlets on both its left and right sides. A second rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the vertical box. A second spiral conveying blade is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second rotating rod. A discharge plate is fixedly connected to the right side of the vertical box. The discharge plate is inclined downwards and extends to the outside, above the feed hopper. When the second spiral conveying assembly operates, it conveys the auxiliary material to the top, which then slides down through the discharge plate into the feed hopper. A first motor is installed at the lower end of the storage bin. The lower end of the second rotating rod extends to the outside. Meshing bevel gears are installed on the output shafts of both the second rotating rod and the first motor.

[0014] Preferably, a return material assembly is provided above the adding box. The return material assembly includes two fixed blocks fixedly connected above the adding box. The adjacent sides of the two fixed blocks are rotatably connected to a rotating shaft. Two square blocks are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. A switching plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the two square blocks. The switching plate is located below the discharge port. A rotating gear is installed on the rotating shaft. A rack that meshes with the rotating gear is fixedly connected to the left side of the sealing plate. An opening is provided on the right side of the storage box. A return material plate that cooperates with the switching plate is fixedly connected inside the opening. Initially, the plate is tilted to the right. Through the operation of the first spiral conveying assembly and the second spiral conveying assembly, the material is conveyed to the weighing box. When the material in the weighing box reaches a preset value, the switching plate switches to a tilted-to-the-left state, and the excess material slides into the storage box.

[0015] Preferably, the switching plate is provided with a baffle assembly, the baffle assembly includes a rectangular block fixedly connected to the switching plate, a movable groove is provided on the right side of the rectangular block, an electromagnet is provided at the top inside the movable groove, a baffle is slidably connected inside the movable groove, and the adjacent sides of the electromagnet and the baffle are elastically connected by multiple springs.

[0016] Preferably, the weighing assembly includes protrusions fixedly connected to the four sides of the weighing box, and weighing half-rings are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the four sides of the adding box. Each weighing half-ring has a pressure sensor on its inner wall, and the four protrusions are located on the corresponding weighing half-rings.

[0017] The present invention also proposes a vacuum melting furnace, including a furnace body and an auxiliary material adding device, wherein the auxiliary material adding device is a vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material adding device, and the lower end of the adding box is connected to the top space of the furnace body.

[0018] The present invention also proposes a method for adding auxiliary materials using the above-mentioned vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material adding device, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: Start the second spiral conveyor assembly to transport the auxiliary materials in the storage bin to the first spiral conveyor assembly; at the same time, start the first spiral conveyor assembly to transport the auxiliary materials to the weighing box;

[0020] S2: The weight of auxiliary materials in the weighing box is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor of the weighing component;

[0021] S3: When the weight of the auxiliary material in the weighing box reaches the preset value, the sealing component closes the rectangular opening, and the switching plate switches to the left tilting state; at the same time, the electromagnet is energized and repulsed, causing the baffle to move down, and the excess auxiliary material slides into the storage box.

[0022] S4: Start the negative pressure pump to extract gas from the addition box through the connecting pipe. After the addition box reaches the preset negative pressure value, open the valve on the discharge pipe and the auxiliary material falls into the vacuum melting furnace body through the discharge pipe to complete the addition of auxiliary material.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] Compared with existing technologies, this technology achieves precise weighing and automatic quantity control of auxiliary materials. Through the cooperation of the weighing half-ring and the protrusion in the weighing component, the pressure sensor can monitor the weight of auxiliary materials in the weighing box in real time and accurately, avoiding weight deviations caused by manual estimation or simple measurement. At the same time, when the weight reaches the preset value, the sealing component and the return component are linked to quickly switch the tilt direction of the switching plate and trigger the material blocking component, effectively preventing excess auxiliary materials from entering the weighing box, further improving the addition accuracy, ensuring the stability of the composition of the smelted product, and is especially suitable for the precise smelting requirements of high-purity alloys.

[0025] Compared with existing technologies, the sealing assembly uses a hydraulic rod to drive the sealing plate to slide along the guide rail, which can quickly seal the addition box after weighing to prevent outside air from continuously entering. With the help of a negative pressure pump, residual gas in the addition box is extracted through the connecting pipe. The addition box can be pre-treated to a preset negative pressure state before the auxiliary materials enter the furnace body, which completely eliminates the problem of auxiliary materials carrying air and disrupting the vacuum environment inside the furnace, reduces the generation of impurities such as oxides and nitrides, and improves the purity and mechanical properties of the smelted products.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the recycling component uses the movement of the closed plate to drive the rack and pinion to mesh with the rotating gear, thereby realizing the automatic switching of the tilt direction of the switching plate. Excess auxiliary materials blocked by the blocking component can slide down the switching plate to the recycling plate and finally flow back to the storage box. No additional power is required, the structure is simple and the recycling is highly efficient.

[0027] Compared with existing technologies, the conveying component, weighing component, sealing component, return component, and blocking component in this invention form a closely linked mechanism: after the weighing component detects that the weight meets the standard, it can simultaneously trigger the sealing component to start the sealing action, the return component to switch the tilt direction, and the blocking component to perform the blocking operation. No manual intervention is required, which effectively shortens the response delay of each link and avoids the accumulation of errors caused by the asynchronous action of the components in the intermediate stage of "after the weight meets the standard and before the sealing is completed". The entire addition process is automated, reducing the intensity of manual operation, improving the overall addition efficiency, and adapting to the needs of continuous industrial production.

[0028] In summary, this invention addresses the problems of low weighing accuracy, susceptibility to vacuum environment interference, significant material waste, and poor component coordination in existing vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material adding devices. Through an integrated design, it organically combines precise weighing, efficient sealing, negative pressure pretreatment, automatic material return, and real-time blocking functions. This not only significantly improves the accuracy of auxiliary material addition and the quality of smelted products but also reduces material waste, lowers maintenance costs, and increases automation levels. It provides reliable technical support for the efficient and stable operation of vacuum melting processes and has high practical value and promising prospects for widespread application. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material adding device proposed in this invention;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A half-section view from the front side;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the vacuum melting furnace proposed in this invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Storage bin, 2. Addition box, 3. Negative pressure pump, 4. Connecting pipe, 5. Hydraulic rod, 6. Connecting plate, 7. Inclined box, 8. Fixed plate, 9. Feed hopper, 10. Discharge plate, 11. Return plate, 12. First motor, 13. Guide rail, 14. Sealing plate, 15. Rack, 16. Rotating shaft, 17. Fixed block, 18. Rotating gear, 19. Switching plate, 20. Rectangular block, 21. Electromagnet, 22. Baffle, 23. Spring, 24. Discharge port, 25. Bevel gear, 26. Second rotating rod, 27. Second motor, 28. Drop pipe, 29. Weighing box, 30. Rectangular opening, 31. First conveying spiral blade, 32. First rotating rod, 33. Vertical box, 34. Second spiral conveying blade, 35. Feed port, 36. Weighing half ring, 37. Protrusion, 38. Furnace body. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] Reference Figures 1-6 The vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material adding device includes a storage box 1 for storing auxiliary materials to be added and an adding box 2 for temporarily storing weighed auxiliary materials and achieving negative pressure pretreatment. It also includes a weighing box 29 for receiving and temporarily storing the delivered auxiliary materials and a rectangular opening 30 located at the top of the adding box 2 and communicating with the outside. The weighing box 29 is located inside the adding box 2 and below the rectangular opening 30, ensuring that the auxiliary materials falling from the rectangular opening 30 can completely enter the weighing box 29. A partition is fixedly connected inside the adding box 2, dividing the interior of the adding box 2 into two independent spaces. The upper space is used to install the weighing box 29 and cooperate with the sealing assembly to achieve a seal, while the lower space is used to communicate with the vacuum melting furnace. A material drop pipe 2 is connected to the bottom of the weighing box 29. 8. A valve (preferably an electromagnetic valve, which can be automatically controlled by a control module) is provided on the discharge pipe 28. The discharge pipe 28 passes through the partition. A weighing component is provided in the addition box 2 for weighing the weight of the auxiliary materials entering the weighing box 29. The weighing component includes protrusions 37 fixedly connected to the four sides of the weighing box 29. Weighing half-rings 36 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the four sides of the addition box 2. Each weighing half-ring 36 is equipped with a pressure sensor on its inner wall. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the external control module and can convert the pressure signal into weight data in real time and transmit it to the control module. The four protrusions 37 are located on the corresponding weighing half-rings 36. The weight of the weighing box 29 and the auxiliary materials inside is transmitted to the pressure sensor of the weighing half-ring 36 through the protrusions 37.

[0038] A sealing assembly is located above the adding box 2 and covers the area of ​​the rectangular opening 30. It is used to seal the top opening of the adding box 2 after weighing to prevent outside air from entering. The sealing assembly includes two guide rails 13 positioned above the adding box 2, on which a sealing plate 14 is slidably connected. A hydraulic rod 5 is installed on the right side of the adding box 2. The hydraulic rod 5 is electrically connected to the control module and can receive signals from the control module to achieve telescopic movement. The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 5 is connected to the right side of the sealing plate 14 via a connecting plate 6. The connecting plate 6 is L-shaped, and one end of it is welded and fixed to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 5. The other end is bolted to the right side wall of the sealing plate 14 for easy maintenance and disassembly. When the weight of the auxiliary material in the weighing box 29 reaches the preset weight, the control module sends a signal to the hydraulic rod 5. The hydraulic rod 5 retracts and drives the sealing plate 14 to move to the left along the guide rail 13 until the top opening of the addition box 2 is completely closed. The negative pressure pump 3 is connected to the top space of the addition box 2 through the connecting pipe 4. It is used to extract the air and residual gas in the addition box 2 after the addition box 2 is closed, so that a preset negative pressure environment is formed in the addition box 2, so as to prevent the auxiliary material from carrying gas and damaging the vacuum melting environment when it enters the furnace body 38.

[0039] The system also includes a first spiral conveying assembly and a second spiral conveying assembly. The first spiral conveying assembly includes two fixed plates 8 fixedly connected to the right side of the storage bin 1. An inclined box 7 is fixedly connected to the adjacent sides of the two fixed plates 8. The inclined box 7 is inclined, with its right end higher than its left end, to facilitate the upward movement of the auxiliary material under the action of gravity and the thrust of the spiral blades. A first rotating rod 32 is rotatably connected inside the inclined box 7. A first conveying spiral blade 31 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating rod 32. The pitch of the first conveying spiral blade 31 is set according to the particle size of the auxiliary material to ensure stable movement of the auxiliary material. To prevent auxiliary materials from clogging, a second motor 27 is installed on the left side of the inclined box 7. The second motor 27 is a servo motor and is electrically connected to the control module. It can realize speed adjustment and thus control the auxiliary material conveying speed. The output shaft end of the second motor 27 is fixedly connected to the first rotating rod 32. The upper end of the inclined box 7 is connected to the feed hopper 9, which is funnel-shaped. Its lower end is sealed and connected to the inside of the inclined box 7. The upper opening size is large to facilitate receiving auxiliary materials. The lower end of the inclined box 7 is connected to the discharge port 24. The first spiral conveying assembly is used to convey the auxiliary materials conveyed by the second spiral conveying assembly to the weighing box 29.

[0040] The second spiral conveying assembly includes a vertical box 33 fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage bin 1. The vertical box 33 has inlets 35 on both its left and right sides. A second rotating rod 26 is rotatably connected inside the vertical box 33. A second spiral conveying blade 34 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second rotating rod 26. A discharge plate 10 is fixedly connected to the right side of the vertical box 33. The discharge plate 10 is inclined downwards, extending to the outside and located above the feed hopper 9. When the second spiral conveying assembly is running, the second spiral conveying blade 34 rotates, conveying the auxiliary material upwards to the top of the vertical box 33. The auxiliary material overflows from the top of the vertical box 33 and falls onto the discharge plate 10. The discharge plate 10 slides into the feed hopper 9. The lower outer wall of the storage box 1 is equipped with a first motor 12 for driving the second rotating rod 26 to rotate (the first motor 12 is a servo motor, electrically connected to the control module, and can start and stop synchronously with the second motor 27 to ensure coordinated conveying). The lower end of the second rotating rod 26 extends through the bottom of the storage box 1 to the outside. The part of the second rotating rod 26 located on the outside and the output shaft of the first motor 12 are both equipped with meshing bevel gears 25 (the module and number of teeth of the two bevel gears 25 are the same to ensure smooth transmission and convert the horizontal rotation of the first motor 12 into the vertical rotation of the second rotating rod 26).

[0041] The addition box 2 is equipped with a return material assembly above it. The return material assembly includes two fixed blocks 17 fixedly connected to the top of the addition box 2. A rotating shaft 16 is rotatably connected to the adjacent sides of the two fixed blocks 17. Two square blocks are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 16, and a switching plate 19 is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two square blocks. The switching plate 19 has a smooth surface and leak-proof edges to prevent side leakage of auxiliary materials. The switching plate 19 is located below the discharge port 24. A rotating gear 18 is installed on the rotating shaft 16. A rack 15 meshing with the rotating gear 18 is fixedly connected to the left side of the sealing plate 14. The length direction of the rack 15 is consistent with the moving direction of the sealing plate 14, and the tooth pitch of the rack 15 matches the tooth pitch of the rotating gear 18 to ensure smooth meshing transmission. The storage box 1 has an opening on its right side, and a return material plate 11 cooperating with the switching plate 19 is fixedly connected inside the opening. The return material plate 11 is inclined. One end is welded and fixed to the opening of the storage box 1, and the other end extends to the lower left side of the switching plate 19 to ensure that the excess auxiliary material on the switching plate 19 can fall onto the return plate 11. The initial state of the switching plate 19 is tilted to the right (in the initial state, the right side of the switching plate 19 is lower than the left side, and the auxiliary material slides down the right side of the switching plate 19 to the rectangular opening 30 of the addition box 2). Through the operation of the first spiral conveying assembly and the second spiral conveying assembly, the material is conveyed to the switching plate 19 and then slides down the switching plate 19 into the weighing box 29. When the material in the weighing box 29 reaches the preset value, the closing plate 14 moves to the left to drive the rack 15 to mesh with the rotating gear 18, so that the rotating shaft 16 drives the switching plate 19 to rotate. The switching plate 19 switches to the state of tilting to the left (at this time, the left side of the switching plate 19 is lower than the right side). The excess material slides down the left side of the switching plate 19 to the return plate 11 and then flows back into the storage box 1 through the return plate 11.

[0042] The switching plate 19 is equipped with a baffle assembly, which includes a rectangular block 20 fixedly connected to the switching plate 19. The right side of the rectangular block 20 is provided with a moving groove, and an electromagnet 21 is provided at the top of the moving groove. A baffle 22 is slidably connected inside the moving groove. The adjacent sides of the electromagnet 21 and the baffle 22 are elastically connected by multiple springs 23.

[0043] A vacuum melting furnace includes a furnace body 38 and an auxiliary material adding device. The auxiliary material adding device is any of the above-mentioned vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material adding devices. The lower end of the adding box 2 is connected to the top space of the furnace body 38.

[0044] The method for adding auxiliary materials using any of the above-mentioned vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material adding devices includes the following steps:

[0045] S1: Start the second spiral conveyor assembly to transport the auxiliary material in the storage bin 1 to the first spiral conveyor assembly; at the same time, start the first spiral conveyor assembly to transport the auxiliary material to the weighing box 29.

[0046] S2: The weight of the auxiliary materials in the weighing box 29 is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor of the weighing component;

[0047] S3: When the weight of the auxiliary material in the weighing box 29 reaches the preset value, the sealing component closes the rectangular opening 30, and the switching plate 19 switches to the left tilting state; at the same time, the electromagnet 21 is energized to repel, causing the baffle 22 to move down, and the excess auxiliary material slides into the storage box 1.

[0048] S4: Start the negative pressure pump 3 and extract the gas in the addition box 2 through the connecting pipe 4. After the addition box 2 reaches the preset negative pressure value, open the valve on the discharge pipe 28 and the auxiliary material falls into the vacuum melting furnace body 38 through the discharge pipe 28 to complete the addition of auxiliary material.

[0049] The functional principle of this invention can be explained through the following operation: First, the auxiliary material conveying stage is entered. Stable material supply is achieved through layered linkage. The first motor 12 is started, and the second rotating rod 26 and the second spiral conveying blade 34 are driven to rotate through the meshing transmission of the bevel gear 25. The auxiliary material in the storage box 1 enters the interior of the vertical box 33 through the inlets 35 on both sides of the vertical box 33. Under the spiral thrust of the second spiral conveying blade 34, it is conveyed upwards and finally conveyed from the top of the vertical box 33 to the discharge plate 10. Because the discharge plate 10 is inclined downwards... The auxiliary material slides naturally down the discharge plate 10 into the feed hopper 9 of the first spiral conveyor assembly. At the same time, the second motor 27 is started, driving the first rotating rod 32 and the first conveying spiral blade 31 to rotate in the inclined box 7. The auxiliary material in the feed hopper 9 is drawn into the inclined box 7 and moves towards the discharge port 24 at the lower end of the inclined box 7 as the first conveying spiral blade 31 rotates. Finally, it is discharged from the discharge port 24 and falls onto the switching plate 19, which is initially tilted to the right. Then, it slides down the switching plate 19 to the rectangular opening 30 at the top of the addition box 2 and enters the weighing box 29 located below the rectangular opening 30, completing the layered conveying of the auxiliary material.

[0050] Next, the weighing and monitoring stage begins. This stage achieves precise quantity control through real-time feedback. The protrusions 37 on the four sides of the weighing box 29 are respectively mounted on the corresponding weighing semi-rings 36 on the inner wall of the adding box 2. The pressure sensor on the inner wall of the weighing semi-ring 36 monitors the pressure signal transmitted by the protrusions 37 in real time and converts the signal into the weight data of the auxiliary material in the weighing box 29. The operator can preset the weight threshold of the auxiliary material. The pressure sensor continuously compares the real-time weight data with the preset threshold. When the real-time weight does not reach the threshold, the conveying component continues to run and the material blocking component is in the initial state to ensure that the auxiliary material enters the weighing box 29 stably. When the real-time weight reaches the preset threshold, the pressure sensor sends a signal to the control module to trigger subsequent linkage operations.

[0051] The process then proceeds to the excess material handling stage. This stage achieves efficient recycling through synchronous switching. After receiving the weighing compliance signal, the control module synchronously activates the sealing assembly and the return assembly: On one hand, the hydraulic rod 5 retracts, causing the sealing plate 14 to move to the left along the guide rail 13. The rack 15 on the left side of the sealing plate 14 meshes with the rotating gear 18 on the rotating shaft 16, causing the rotating shaft 16 and the switching plate 19 to rotate, switching the switching plate 19 from a rightward tilt to a leftward tilt. On the other hand, the electromagnet 21 is energized, generating magnetism that affects the baffle 22. The repulsive force causes the baffle 22 to move downward, blocking the right side of the switching plate 19 and preventing excess auxiliary material from falling. This ensures that the weight of the material in the weighing box is the preset value. At this time, the excess auxiliary material being conveyed by the first spiral conveyor assembly falls from the outlet 24 onto the left-leaning switching plate 19, slides down the switching plate 19 to the return plate 11 at the right opening of the storage box 1, and then flows back into the storage box 1 via the return plate 11. This prevents excess auxiliary material from entering the weighing box 29 or spilling and causing waste, while also realizing the recycling of materials.

[0052] Finally, the process enters the negative pressure sealing and adding stage. This stage ensures a vacuum environment for precise material feeding. The sealing plate 14, driven by the hydraulic rod 5, continuously moves to the left until it completely covers the top of the adding box 2, isolating the inside of the adding box 2 from the outside. Then, the negative pressure pump 3 is activated, drawing gas from the adding box 2 through the connecting pipe 4, creating a preset negative pressure state inside the adding box 2. This completely removes any residual air inside the box, preventing subsequent auxiliary materials from carrying air and disrupting the vacuum melting environment when entering the furnace body 38. Once the negative pressure value inside the adding box 2 reaches the preset standard, the control module controls the valve on the discharge pipe 28 to open. The precisely metered auxiliary materials in the weighing box 29 fall through the discharge pipe 28 under gravity, ultimately entering the furnace body 38 of the vacuum melting furnace, completing the entire auxiliary material adding process. Through the above operation, the components form a complete functional chain of "conveyance-weighing-recovery-sealing-addition," achieving a synergistic unity of precise auxiliary material addition, vacuum environment protection, and efficient material utilization, fully demonstrating the technical advantages of this invention.

[0053] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material adding device, comprising a storage tank (1) and an adding box (2), characterized in that, Also includes: Weighing box (29) and rectangular opening (30) set at the top of the addition box (2). The weighing box (29) is located inside the addition box (2) and below the rectangular opening (30). A partition is fixedly connected inside the addition box (2). A material drop pipe (28) is connected to the bottom of the weighing box (29). A valve is provided on the material drop pipe (28). The material drop pipe (28) passes through the partition. A weighing component is provided inside the addition box (2) for weighing the weight of the auxiliary material entering the weighing box (29). A sealing assembly is located above the addition box (2). The sealing assembly includes two guide rails (13) set above the addition box (2). A sealing plate (14) is slidably connected on the two guide rails (13). A hydraulic rod (5) is installed on the right side of the addition box (2). The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod (5) is connected to the right side of the sealing plate (14) through a connecting plate (6). The connecting plate (6) is L-shaped and is used to seal the addition box (2) when the weight of the auxiliary material in the weighing box (29) reaches the preset weight. The negative pressure pump (3) is connected to the top space of the addition box (2) through the connecting pipe (4) and is used to extract the gas in the addition box (2) after the addition box (2) is closed. A return material assembly is provided above the addition box (2). The return material assembly includes two fixed blocks (17) fixedly connected above the addition box (2). The adjacent sides of the two fixed blocks (17) are rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (16). Two square blocks are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (16). A switching plate (19) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the two square blocks. A rotating gear (18) is installed on the rotating shaft (16). A rack (15) meshing with the rotating gear (18) is fixedly connected to the left side of the closing plate (14). An opening is provided on the right side of the storage box (1). A return material plate (11) cooperating with the switching plate (19) is fixedly connected in the opening. The initial state is tilted to the right. Through the operation of the first spiral conveying assembly and the second spiral conveying assembly, the material is conveyed to the weighing box (29). When the material in the weighing box (29) reaches the preset value, the switching plate (19) switches to the state of tilting to the left. The excess material slides into the storage box (1). The weighing assembly includes protrusions (37) fixedly connected to the four sides of the weighing box (29). Weighing half-rings (36) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the four sides of the adding box (2). Each weighing half-ring (36) is provided with a pressure sensor on its inner wall. The four protrusions (37) are located on the corresponding weighing half-rings (36).

2. The auxiliary material adding device for a vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first spiral conveying assembly and a second spiral conveying assembly. The first spiral conveying assembly includes two fixed plates (8) fixedly connected to the right side of the storage box (1). The adjacent sides of the two fixed plates (8) are fixedly connected to an inclined box (7). A first rotating rod (32) is rotatably connected inside the inclined box (7). A first conveying spiral blade (31) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first rotating rod (32). A second motor (27) is installed on the left side of the inclined box (7). The output shaft end of the second motor (27) is fixedly connected to the first rotating rod (32). The upper end of the inclined box (7) is connected to a feed hopper (9). The lower end of the inclined box (7) is connected to a discharge port (24). The switching plate (19) is located below the discharge port (24). The first spiral conveying assembly is used to convey the auxiliary materials conveyed by the second spiral conveying assembly to the weighing box (29).

3. The auxiliary material adding device for a vacuum melting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second spiral conveying assembly includes a vertical box (33) fixedly connected to the bottom of the storage box (1). The vertical box (33) has inlets (35) on both the left and right sides. A second rotating rod (26) is rotatably connected inside the vertical box (33). A second spiral conveying blade (34) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second rotating rod (26). A discharge plate (10) is fixedly connected to the right side of the vertical box (33). The discharge plate (10) is inclined downward. The right side of the discharge plate (10) extends to the outside and is located above the feed hopper (9). The second spiral conveying assembly transports the auxiliary material to the top and then slides down into the feed hopper (9) through the discharge plate (10). A first motor (12) is installed at the lower end of the storage box (1). The lower end of the second rotating rod (26) extends to the outside. Meshing bevel gears (25) are installed on the output shafts of the second rotating rod (26) and the first motor (12).

4. The auxiliary material adding device for a vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching plate (19) is provided with a baffle assembly, which includes a rectangular block (20) fixedly connected to the switching plate (19). The right side of the rectangular block (20) is provided with a moving groove, and an electromagnet (21) is provided at the top of the moving groove. A baffle (22) is slidably connected in the moving groove. The adjacent sides of the electromagnet (21) and the baffle (22) are elastically connected by multiple springs (23).

5. A vacuum melting furnace, comprising a furnace body (38) and an auxiliary material adding device, characterized in that: The auxiliary material adding device is the vacuum melting furnace auxiliary material adding device according to any one of claims 1-4, and the lower end of the adding box (2) is connected to the top space of the furnace body (38).

6. A method for adding auxiliary materials using the auxiliary material adding device for a vacuum melting furnace according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Start the second spiral conveyor assembly to convey the auxiliary material in the storage box (1) to the first spiral conveyor assembly; at the same time, start the first spiral conveyor assembly to convey the auxiliary material to the weighing box (29); S2: The weight of the auxiliary materials in the weighing box (29) is monitored in real time by the weighing component; S3: When the weight of the auxiliary material in the weighing box (29) reaches the preset value, the sealing component closes the rectangular opening (30), and the switching plate (19) switches to the left tilting state; S4: Start the negative pressure pump (3) and extract the gas in the addition box (2) through the connecting pipe (4). After the addition box (2) reaches the preset negative pressure value, open the valve on the discharge pipe (28) and the auxiliary material falls into the vacuum melting furnace through the discharge pipe (28) to complete the addition of auxiliary material.

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