Surrounding rock lining component quasi-static force test device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and discloses a surrounding rock lining component pseudo-static test device and method, which comprises a surrounding rock lining component pseudo-static test device, including a bottom plate, a static force detection system fixed on one side of the bottom plate, and a crossbeam fixed on the top of the static force detection system, the other end of the crossbeam is fixed with a vertical rod, the vertical rod is connected with an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism is connected with a surrounding rock simulation system, the crossbeam is connected with a pressing assembly, and the top of the bottom plate is fixed with a supporting plate for placing the lining component. The present application is convenient for detecting the stress condition of the surrounding rock lining component under different surrounding rock conditions, analyzing and detecting the strength of the surrounding rock lining component, providing data support for the surrounding rock lining component and surrounding rock reinforcement, realizing the microseismic simulation test of the surrounding rock lining component under different positions and different surrounding rock conditions, providing data support for the microseismic stress of the surrounding rock lining component, and being convenient for construction operators to analyze and experiment the surrounding rock lining component and surrounding rock support.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to a surrounding rock lining component pseudo-static test device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the frequent occurrence of global earthquake disasters and the reality that tunnels have been severely damaged in previous major earthquakes, the study of tunnel seismic damage and seismic performance has become one of the hot research directions in the field of tunnels and underground engineering. The main means of earthquake research at present are theoretical calculation, in-situ observation and laboratory test, among which laboratory test is an important way to determine the seismic performance and seismic failure mechanism of tunnels because of its controllable conditions.

[0003] At present, laboratory tests mainly include artificial seismic source tests and shaking table simulation tests. Artificial seismic source tests cannot simulate the real dynamic response of tunnel structures under earthquakes due to high cost and small excitation force, and have few applications in this regard. Shaking table simulation tests have the advantages of self-control of seismic input, convenient data collection, etc., and are the first choice for tunnel seismic test research. However, shaking table tests are also costly, involve model box design, similarity relationship determination, structural material selection, size effect, etc., require high-performance testing instruments, are difficult and tedious to operate, especially have problems such as difficulty in meeting similar conditions, large boundary effect and size effect, and there are doubts about the authenticity and reasonableness of the test results.

[0004] Considering that lining components are special eccentric compression components constrained by strata, large-scale lining component pseudo-static tests can accurately study the mechanical properties of lining structures under repeated seismic loads, partially replace shaking table tests, save money, simplify operations, and expand model test methods. However, there is currently no pseudo-static test device and method for lining components, which is a problem that needs to be solved in current tunnel seismic research;

[0005] Publication No. CN107228803A discloses a lining component pseudo-static test device and method, which includes a counterforce device, a loading device, a lining component and a surrounding rock simulation system. The counterforce device is composed of a counterforce wall and a counterforce steel frame, a sliding support is provided above the vertical jack, and a static load is applied to the lining component below to simulate the eccentric compression state of the lining component. A horizontal actuator is connected to the top of the lining component to apply a dynamic load and simulate the repeated load acting on the lining component. Springs are arranged on the right side of the lining component to simulate the constraint effect of the surrounding rock. Different surrounding rock conditions such as different surrounding rock grades, surrounding rock softening and voiding can be simulated by changing the type of the springs and locally detaching the springs. The present application can simulate the dynamic and static coupling of the lining component, simulate defects such as voids behind the lining, and has the advantages of economical test, simple operation and strong reliability;

[0006] Although the above-mentioned disclosed documents disclose the quasi-static test of the lining member, the above-mentioned experiments are all simulation tests under static stress conditions, in actual use, the lining member is easy to simulate under static stress, and the static pressure bearing of the lining member is easy to realize, but when the surrounding rock is constructed and supported in the later period, when the microseismic event of the surrounding rock occurs, the stress detection of the lining member under the microseismic event cannot be effectively and quickly realized, and therefore a quasi-static test device and method of the surrounding rock lining member are provided. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the quasi-static test device and method of the surrounding rock lining member are provided.

[0008] The quasi-static test device of the surrounding rock lining member is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a quasi-static test device of the surrounding rock lining member comprises a bottom plate, a static force detection system fixed on one side of the bottom plate, a cross beam fixed on the top of the static force detection system, a vertical rod fixed on the other end of the cross beam, an adjusting mechanism connected with the vertical rod, a surrounding rock simulation system connected with the adjusting mechanism, a pressing assembly connected with the cross beam, and a supporting plate fixed on the top of the bottom plate and used for placing the lining member; the surrounding rock simulation system comprises a position adjusting assembly connected with the adjusting mechanism, an impact assembly connected with the position adjusting assembly, and a locking assembly connected with the surrounding rock simulation assembly;

[0009] The impact assembly comprises a box connected with the output end of the position adjusting assembly, an isolation disc fixed on the inner wall of the box, a pressure cavity and a release cavity divided by the isolation disc, a slide way penetrating through the box along the diameter direction of the isolation disc, a push-pull plate slidably connected with the slide way, a driving unit one fixed on one end of the push-pull plate and connected with the box, a cover fixed on the other end of the push-pull plate and connected with the box, a movable plate slidably sleeved with the push-pull plate and arranged in the cover, an air pipe one fixed on the side of the movable plate close to the box and connected with the locking assembly, a jet hole penetrating through the isolation disc and communicated with the slide way, a through hole penetrating through the push-pull plate, a release pipe connected with the air pipe one, a sleeve fixed on one side of the release pipe and connected with the box and communicated with the pressure cavity, a sliding plate one slidably sleeved in the sleeve, a driven rod fixed on one end of the sliding plate one and slidably sleeved with the sleeve, a rack fixed on one end of the driven rod and extending out of the sleeve, a gear meshed with the rack, a valve rod slidably sleeved with the release pipe and fixedly sleeved with the gear, a valve plate fixed on one end of the valve rod and extending into the release pipe, an impact plate slidably sleeved with the box and arranged in the release cavity, an impact rod fixed on one end of the impact plate and connected with the box, a pressure release hole penetrating through the impact plate, a plugging rod fixed on the inner wall of the box, an exhaust hole penetrating through the end of the box and arranged on the side of the impact plate away from the isolation disc, and a conveying pipe fixed on the box.

[0010] Through the technical scheme, the one end of the surrounding rock lining component is placed on the supporting plate on the top of the base plate, the static force detection system is loaded into the inner side of the surrounding rock lining component, and the static force and impact force loading test of the surrounding rock lining component is conducted by using the pressing assembly and the surrounding rock simulation system.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the static force detection system comprises a side plate fixed to the base plate, the side plate is fixed with a slide rail arranged in the vertical direction, the slide rail is slidingly connected with a detection plate with a circular arc structure at the front end, the top and bottom of the detection plate and the circular arc surface are all provided with detection units one, the bottom of the detection plate is provided with a tightening unit fixed to the side plate, the top of the detection plate is provided with a top detection unit slidingly connected with the slide rail, and the top detection unit is connected with a deflection detection unit.

[0012] Through the technical scheme, the one end of the surrounding rock lining component is placed on the supporting plate on the top of the base plate, the static force detection system is loaded into the inner side of the surrounding rock lining component, and the static force and impact force loading test of the surrounding rock lining component is conducted by using the pressing assembly and the surrounding rock simulation system.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the adjusting mechanism comprises a bearing plate slidingly connected between the cross beam and the base plate, a driving unit two fixed between the bearing plate and the vertical rod, and a driving unit three connected with the position adjusting assembly and fixed to the bearing plate.

[0014] Through the technical scheme, the height and the horizontal direction microseismic of the position adjusting assembly are adjusted.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the pressing assembly comprises a movable frame slidingly sleeved on the cross beam, a pressing unit hinged to the bottom of the movable frame, a driving unit five hinged to the static force detection system at one side of the bottom of the pressing unit, a T-shaped pressing plate hinged to the output end of the bottom of the pressing unit, and a driving unit six fixed to the cross beam and fixed to one side of the movable frame.

[0016] Through the technical scheme, the position of the movable frame is adjusted by using the driving unit six, then the inclination direction and the angle of the pressing unit are adjusted by using the driving unit five, and the pressing plate is loaded above the one end on the top of the surrounding rock lining component, so that the pressing detection operation from different directions and angles of the top of the surrounding rock lining component is realized.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the position adjusting assembly comprises a U-shaped structure lifting plate in sliding connection with the adjusting mechanism, another side of the lifting plate opening is fixedly connected with a U-shaped structure receiving plate, and the receiving plate is connected with the locking assembly, the inner side wall of the receiving plate is fixedly connected with a base, the base is slidingly connected with a mounting seat fixedly connected with the box body, the base is provided with an arc-shaped structure slide bar on both sides, the slide bar is slidingly connected with a sliding block fixedly connected with the mounting seat, the slide bar is provided with an arc-shaped structure rack one fixedly connected with the base on one side, the rack one is engaged with a gear one, the gear one is fixedly sleeved with a rotating shaft rotatably sleeved with the mounting seat, and one end of the rotating shaft extending out of the mounting seat is provided with a motor one.

[0018] Through the above technical scheme, the motor one drives the gear one to rotate, and then under the action of the rack one, the base slides along the slide bar, the microseismic of the base is adjusted, and the adjustment operation of different positions of the impact assembly is realized.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the surrounding rock simulation assembly comprises an arc-shaped structure simulation plate, and the inner concave surface of the simulation plate is fixedly connected with a force applying unit.

[0020] Through the above technical scheme, different positions and different numbers of force applying units are installed on the simulation plate, and the simulation of different types of surrounding rock is realized according to the force applied by the force applying unit.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the locking assembly comprises two groups of locking mechanisms one in sliding sleeve connection with the surrounding rock simulation assembly, two locking mechanisms two are fixedly connected between the two ends of the two groups of locking mechanisms one, the locking mechanism three is slidingly sleeved with the locking mechanism two, and the locking mechanism three is slidingly sleeved with a support seat fixedly connected with the position adjusting assembly.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the locking mechanism one comprises a rectangular structure support rod, a cavity is reserved in the inside of the support rod, two channels are formed in the two sides of the support rod along the length direction of the support rod, and the channels are in communication with the cavity, two groups of extrusion plates are slidingly sleeved with the inside wall of the support rod in sliding connection, a spring one is fixedly connected between the two groups of extrusion plates, a locking plate is fixedly connected to the end of the two groups of extrusion plates away from each other, a gas pipe two connected with the gas pipe one is fixedly connected to one end of the support rod, and the locking mechanism one, the locking mechanism two and the locking mechanism three are consistent in structure.

[0023] Through the above technical scheme, the locking operation of the surrounding rock simulation assembly is realized.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the top detection unit comprises a detection sleeve in sliding connection with the sliding rail, the detection sleeve is sleeved with a detection rod, the end of the detection rod inserted into the detection sleeve is fixedly connected with a contact rod, the end of the detection rod inserted into the detection sleeve is fixedly connected with a second spring fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the end of the detection sleeve, the inner side wall of the end of the detection sleeve is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor, and the deflection detection unit comprises a U-shaped structure receiving frame fixedly connected with the detection rod, a support shaft is fixedly connected at the opening of the receiving frame, and a semi-circular disc-shaped deflection disc is sleeved at the outer circle of the support shaft.

[0025] The use method of the surrounding rock lining component pseudo-static test device comprises the following steps:

[0026] Step S1, experimental equipment preparation, prepare prefabricated surrounding rock lining components and assembled static test devices;

[0027] Step S2, static pressure test of surrounding rock lining component, install the surrounding rock lining component on the static test device, and perform a static pressure test by using the static test device;

[0028] Step S3, impact test of surrounding rock lining component, after completing the static pressure test, perform a microseismic simulation impact test on the surrounding rock lining component by using the static test device.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0030] 1. The present application realizes different types of surrounding rock simulation operations, provides surrounding rock static force loading test operations of surrounding rock lining components under different surrounding rock conditions, facilitates the detection of the stress conditions of surrounding rock lining components under different surrounding rock conditions, facilitates the analysis and detection of the strength of surrounding rock lining components, and provides data support for surrounding rock lining components and surrounding rock reinforcement;

[0031] 2. The present application can simulate surrounding rock microseismic impact tests under different surrounding rock loading conditions, can load impact forces of different positions and different sizes, can realize the microseismic impact test requirements of different positions and different sizes of surrounding rock, can realize the microseismic simulation test of surrounding rock lining components under different positions and different sizes of surrounding rock, can provide data support for the microseismic stress of surrounding rock lining components, and is convenient for construction operators to analyze and test surrounding rock lining components and surrounding rock support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The present application provides a surrounding rock lining component pseudo-static test device structure diagram;

[0033] Figure 2 The present application provides a surrounding rock lining component pseudo-static test device side view;

[0034] Figure 3A structural schematic diagram of a surrounding rock simulation system provided by the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of an impact assembly provided by the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a locking mechanism one provided by the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of a top detection unit provided by the present application;

[0038] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of a deflection detection unit provided by the present application.

[0039] Main symbol explanation:

[0040] 1, bottom plate; 2, static force detection system; 3, cross beam; 4, vertical rod; 5, adjustment mechanism; 6, surrounding rock simulation system; 7, pressing assembly; 8, position adjustment assembly; 9, impact assembly; 10, surrounding rock simulation assembly; 11, locking assembly; 21, side plate; 22, slide rail; 23, detection plate; 24, detection unit one; 25, jacking unit; 26, top detection unit; 27, deflection detection unit; 271, storage frame; 272, support shaft; 273, deflection disc; 31, support rod; 32, cavity; 33, channel; 34, extrusion plate; 35, locking plate; 36, air pipe two; 41, detection sleeve; 42, detection rod; 43, abutting rod; 51, bearing plate; 52, driving unit two; 53, driving unit three; 71, movable frame; 72, pressing unit; 73, driving unit five; 74, pressing plate; 81, lifting plate; 82, storage plate; 83, base; 84, mounting seat; 91, box body; 92, isolation disc; 93, slide way; 94, air injection hole; 95, push-pull plate; 96, driving unit one; 97, movable plate; 98, cover; 99, air pipe one; 910, communication hole; 911, sleeve; 912, slide plate one; 913, driven rod; 914, rack; 915, gear; 916, release pipe; 917, impact plate; 918, impact rod; 920, pressure release hole; 921, exhaust hole; 922, plugging rod; 101, simulation plate; 102, force applying unit; 103, insertion hole one; 111, locking mechanism one; 112, locking mechanism two; 113, locking mechanism three; 114, support seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In the following, the present application will be further described in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, and it should be noted that the following described embodiments or technical features can be combined in any manner to form new embodiments without conflict.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] Please combine Figures 1-7 The surrounding rock lining component quasi-static test device of the embodiment is provided with a bottom plate 1, a static force detection system 2 fixed on one side of the bottom plate 1, a crossbeam 3 fixed on the top of the static force detection system 2, a vertical rod 4 fixed on the other end of the crossbeam 3, an adjusting mechanism 5 connected with the vertical rod 4, a surrounding rock simulation system 6 connected with the adjusting mechanism 5, a pressing assembly 7 connected with the crossbeam 3, and a supporting plate fixed on the top of the bottom plate 1 and used for placing the lining component; the surrounding rock simulation system 6 comprises a position adjusting assembly 8 connected with the adjusting mechanism 5, an impact assembly 9 connected with the position adjusting assembly 8, and a locking assembly 11 connected with the surrounding rock simulation assembly 10.

[0044] The impact assembly 9 comprises a box 91 connected with the output end of the position adjusting assembly 8, an isolation disc 92 fixed on the inner wall of the box 91, a slide 93 penetrating through the box 91 and arranged along the diameter direction of the isolation disc 92, a push-pull plate 95 slidably connected with the slide 93, a driving unit one 96 fixed on the box 91 and connected with the push-pull plate 95, a cover 98 fixed on the outer side of the box 91 and connected with the push-pull plate 95, a movable plate 97 slidably sleeved with the push-pull plate 95 and arranged in the cover 98, an air pipe one 99 fixed on the side of the movable plate 97 close to the box 91 and connected with the locking assembly 11, a jet hole 94 penetrating through the isolation disc 92 and communicated with the slide 93, a communicating hole 910 penetrating through the push-pull plate 95, a release pipe 916 connected with the air pipe one 99, a sleeve 911 fixed on the box 91 and communicated with the pressure cavity, a sliding plate one 912 slidably sleeved in the sleeve 911, a driven rod 913 fixed on the end of the sliding plate one 912 away from the box 91 and slidably sleeved with the sleeve 911, a rack 914 fixed on the end of the driven rod 913 away from the sleeve 911 and engaged with a gear 915, the gear 915 fixedly sleeved with a valve rod slidably sleeved with the release pipe 916, the valve rod fixed with a valve plate at the end penetrating into the release pipe 916, an impact plate 917 slidably sleeved with the box 91 and arranged in the release cavity, an impact rod 918 fixed on the end of the impact plate 917 away from the isolation disc 92 and fixed with the box 91, a pressure relief hole 920 penetrating through the impact plate 917, a plugging rod 922 fixed on the inner wall of the box 91, an exhaust hole 921 arranged on the side of the impact plate 917 away from the isolation disc 92 and penetrating through the end of the box 91, the pressure cavity is provided with a conveying pipe fixed with the box 91, the end of the impact plate 917 away from the isolation disc 92 is fixed with a spring three fixed with the inner wall of the end of the box 91, and the end of the sliding plate one 912 away from the box 91 is fixed with a spring four fixed with the inner wall of the end of the sleeve 911.

[0045] The implementation principle of the surrounding rock lining component quasi-static test device and method in the embodiment of the application is as follows: one end of the surrounding rock lining component is placed on the supporting plate on the top of the bottom plate 1, a static force detection system 2 is used to load into the inner side of the surrounding rock lining component, and a pressing assembly 7 and a surrounding rock simulation system 6 are used to perform static force and impact force loading tests on the surrounding rock lining component.

[0046] Embodiment 2:

[0047] The static force detection system 2 comprises a side plate 21 fixed to the bottom plate 1, the side plate 21 is fixedly connected with a slide rail 22 arranged in the vertical direction, the slide rail 22 is slidably connected with a detection plate 23 with a circular arc structure at the front end, the top and bottom of the detection plate 23 and the circular arc surface are all provided with detection units one 24, the bottom of the detection plate 23 is provided with a clamping unit 25 fixed to the side plate 21, the top of the detection plate 23 is provided with a top detection unit 26 slidably connected with the slide rail 22, and the top detection unit 26 is connected with a deflection detection unit 27.

[0048] The top detection unit 26 comprises a detection sleeve 41 slidably connected with the slide rail 22, the detection sleeve 41 is slidably sleeved with a detection rod 42, one end of the detection rod 42 extending into the detection sleeve 41 is fixedly connected with a contact rod 43, the other end of the detection rod 42 extending into the detection sleeve 41 is fixedly connected with a spring two fixed to the inner side wall of the end of the detection sleeve 41, the inner side wall of the end of the detection sleeve 41 is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor, the top detection unit 26 and the detection units one 24 are identical in structure, and the deflection detection unit 27 comprises a U-shaped structure receiving frame 271 fixed to the detection rod 42, the receiving frame 271 is fixedly connected with a support shaft 272 at the opening, the support shaft 272 is slidably sleeved with a semi-circular disc-shaped deflection disc 273, and the clamping unit 25 comprises a clamping oil cylinder fixed to the side plate 21, and the clamping output end is fixedly connected with a clamping plate.

[0049] Embodiment 3:

[0050] The adjusting mechanism 5 comprises a bearing plate 51 slidably connected between the cross beam 3 and the bottom plate 1, a driving unit two 52 fixed between the bearing plate 51 and the vertical rod 4, and a driving unit three 53 fixed to the bearing plate 51 and connected with the position adjusting assembly 8.

[0051] The pressing assembly 7 comprises a movable frame 71 slidably sleeved on the cross beam 3, a pressing unit 72 hingedly connected to the bottom of the movable frame 71, a driving unit five 73 hingedly connected to the static force detection system 2 on one side of the bottom of the pressing unit 72, a T-shaped pressing plate 74 hingedly connected to the bottom output end of the pressing unit 72, and a driving unit six fixed to one side of the movable frame 71 and fixed to the cross beam 3.

[0052] The position adjusting assembly 8 comprises a U-shaped lifting plate 81 slidably connected with the adjusting mechanism 5, another side of the opening of the lifting plate 81 is fixedly connected with a U-shaped receiving plate 82, the receiving plate 82 is connected with the locking assembly 11, the inner side wall of the receiving plate 82 is fixedly connected with a base 83, the base 83 is slidably connected with a mounting seat 84 fixedly connected with a box 91, the base 83 is provided with a circular-arc-shaped sliding strip on both sides, the sliding strip is slidably connected with a sliding block fixedly connected with the mounting seat 84, one side of the sliding strip is provided with a circular-arc-shaped rack I fixedly connected with the base 83, the rack I is engaged with a gear I, the gear I is fixedly sleeved with a rotating shaft rotatably sleeved with the mounting seat 84, one end of the rotating shaft extending out of the mounting seat 84 is provided with a motor I.

[0053] The surrounding rock simulation assembly 10 comprises a circular-arc-shaped simulation plate 101, the simulation plate 101 is fixedly connected with a force applying unit 102 in the concave surface, the simulation plate 101 is provided with a horizontally arranged penetrating hole I 103 penetrating the top and bottom, the force applying unit 102 comprises a pressure applying cylinder fixedly connected with the simulation plate 101, the front end of the pressure applying cylinder is fixedly connected with a pressure applying plate, the pressure applying plate is inlaid with a pressure sensor.

[0054] Embodiment 4:

[0055] The locking assembly 11 comprises two groups of locking mechanisms I 111 slidably sleeved with the surrounding rock simulation assembly 10, the two groups of locking mechanisms I 111 are fixedly connected with locking mechanisms II 112 between the two ends, the locking mechanisms II 112 are slidably sleeved with locking mechanisms III 113, and the locking mechanisms III 113 are slidably sleeved with a support seat 114 fixedly connected with the position adjusting assembly 8.

[0056] The locking mechanism I 111 comprises a rectangular support rod 31, the support rod 31 is provided with a cavity 32 reserved in the inside, the two sides of the support rod 31 are provided with channels 33 arranged along the length direction and communicating with the cavity 32, the two groups of channels 33 are slidably sleeved with extrusion plates 34 slidably connected with the inner side wall of the support rod 31, the two groups of extrusion plates 34 are fixedly connected with springs I between each other, the ends of the two groups of extrusion plates 34 away from each other are fixedly connected with locking plates 35, one end of the support rod 31 is fixedly connected with an air pipe II 36 connected with the air pipe I 99, and the locking mechanism I 111 is consistent with the locking mechanism II 112 and the locking mechanism III 113 in structure.

[0057] The support rod 31 of the locking mechanism III 113 penetrates the penetrating hole II slidably sleeved with the locking mechanism II 112, the end of the support seat 114 is provided with a penetrating hole III slidably sleeved with the locking mechanism III 113, and the inner wall of the penetrating hole I 103 and the locking plate 35 of the locking mechanism I 111, the penetrating hole II and the locking plate 35 of the locking mechanism II 112, and the penetrating hole III and the locking plate 35 of the locking mechanism III 113 are all connected in a clamping way.

[0058] Embodiment 5:

[0059] The top of the base plate 1 is equipped with a control box, an air pump, an oil pump, and an oil tank. The control box contains a controller, and a display screen, a power interface, a data interface, and a switch are installed on one side of the control box. The air pump is connected to the delivery pipe, which is connected to a pressure gauge. The pressure plate 74 is embedded with a pressure sensor. Drive unit 1 96, drive unit 2 52, drive unit 3 53, drive unit 5 73, and drive unit 6 all use push rod motors. The pressure application unit 72 uses a hydraulic cylinder. The pressure application unit 72, the clamping cylinder, and the pressure cylinder are connected to the oil pump through oil pipes. The controller is connected to the push rod motor, the motor, the pressure sensor, the oil pump, the air pump, the pressure gauge, the display screen, the power interface, the data interface, and the switch.

[0060] Example 6:

[0061] The method for using the quasi-static test device for surrounding rock lining components includes the following steps:

[0062] Step S1: Prepare experimental equipment, including prefabricated surrounding rock lining components and assembled static test apparatus.

[0063] Step S2: Static pressure test of surrounding rock lining components. The surrounding rock lining components are installed on a static testing device, and a static pressure test is conducted using the static testing device.

[0064] Step S3: Impact test of surrounding rock lining components. After completing the static pressure test, a micro-vibration simulated impact test is conducted on the surrounding rock lining components using a static testing device.

[0065] Working principle:

[0066] First, prepare the surrounding rock lining component and experimental device for static test. Then, place one end of the surrounding rock lining component on the support plate on the top of the base plate 1. Use the static test system 2 to load the inside of the surrounding rock lining component. At the same time, use the pressing component 7 and the surrounding rock simulation system 6 to conduct static and impact loading tests on the surrounding rock lining component.

[0067] During the installation of the static testing system 2, the surrounding rock lining component placed on the support plate is fixed at one end to the support plate using the U-shaped reinforcement frame and bolts. Before fixing, the position of the testing plate 23 is adjusted so that the testing unit 24 on the testing plate 23 contacts the concave surface of the surrounding rock lining component. At the same time, the position of the top testing unit 26 is adjusted so that the deflection testing unit 27 contacts the end face of the other end of the surrounding rock lining component, thereby realizing static testing of various positions on the concave surface of the surrounding rock lining component and the top position of the surrounding rock lining component.

[0068] When the pressing assembly 7 is installed, the position of the movable frame 71 is adjusted by the driving unit six, and then the tilting direction and angle of the pressing unit 72 are adjusted by the driving unit five 73, and the pressing plate 74 is loaded above the top end of the surrounding rock lining component, so that the pressing detection operation from different directions and angles of the top of the surrounding rock lining component is realized;

[0069] When the surrounding rock simulation system 6 performs static and impact force loading tests on the surrounding rock lining component, first, the position of the surrounding rock simulation system 6 is adjusted by the driving unit two 52 and the driving unit three 53, so that the force applying unit 102 on the surrounding rock simulation assembly 10 is in contact with the outer convex surface of the surrounding rock lining component, and then according to the needs of the surrounding rock simulation, the force applying unit 102 is installed at different positions on the simulation plate 101, and the different force applying sizes of the force applying unit 102 are adjusted, so as to simulate the static loading state of different types of surrounding rock on the surrounding rock lining component;

[0070] Thereafter, when the impact force, i.e. the surrounding rock microseismic simulation test is performed, the impact assembly 9 is loaded under different pressures to release the impact on the surrounding rock simulation assembly 10, and after the impact, the force of the impacted surrounding rock lining component is detected by the static force detection system 2, so as to determine the influence of the surrounding rock lining component during the impact test;

[0071] In order to facilitate the surrounding rock simulation assembly 10 to be in contact with the surrounding rock lining component, the locking assembly 11 is handled in the unlocked state, the gas flow is delivered into the pressure chamber along the delivery pipe by the air pump, a preliminary locking air pressure is given to the pressure chamber, when the pressure in the pressure chamber increases, the sliding plate one 912 is driven to move, then the driven rod 913 is driven to move, the rack 914 drives the gear 915 to move, the valve rod is rotated, so that the valve plate on the release pipe 916 is rotated, the valve plate closes the release pipe 916, the external gas flow cannot enter the air pipe one 99 along the release pipe 916, then the driving unit one 96 is started, the push-pull plate 95 is driven to move, but the communication hole 910 on the push-pull plate 95 does not communicate with the air jet hole 94 on the isolation disc 92, the push-pull plate 95 drives the movable plate 97 to move, the air pressure in the cover 98 is reduced, the gas in the locking assembly 11 enters the cover 98 along the air pipe two 36 and the air pipe one 99, so that the pressure in the locking mechanism one 111, the locking mechanism two 112 and the locking mechanism three 113 is reduced, the two groups of pressing plates 34 move towards each other, the locking plate 35 is not clamped with the adjacent penetrating hole one 103, the penetrating hole two and the penetrating hole three, so that the locking assembly 11 is in the unlocked state, then the surrounding rock simulation assembly 10 is pushed, the force applying unit 102 is in contact with the outer convex surface of the surrounding rock lining component, when the driving unit one 96 drives the push-pull plate 95 to return, the above-mentioned reverse steps are installed to make the locking assembly 11 in the locked state, the locking assembly 11 and the surrounding rock simulation assembly 10 are in the fixed state, at this time, the simulation of the rock static loading test is performed;

[0072] According to the impact strength of the impact test, the pressure of the pressure chamber is adjusted by the air pump, and when the impact is released, the driving unit 96 starts to drive the push-pull plate 95 to move, and when the push-pull plate 95 moves, the locking assembly 11 is first installed in the above step to release the loosening state, so that the simulation plate 101 and the force applying unit 102 can move with the impact force applied on the simulation plate 101 during the impact, and the surrounding rock microseismic simulation is carried out, and then the push-pull plate 95 continues to move, when the communication hole 910 on the push-pull plate 95 is communicated with the air injection hole 94 on the isolation disc 92, the high-pressure airflow in the pressure chamber enters the release chamber from the air injection hole 94 and the communication hole 910, and the high-pressure airflow drives the impact plate 917 to move, and then the impact rod 918 moves to impact the simulation plate 101, since the locking assembly 11 is in the unlocked state, the simulation plate 101 can be driven to move, and the impact test under the surrounding rock microseismic state is realized, and the static force detection system 2 is used to detect the stress condition under the impact state, after the impact, the impact plate 917 moves away from the end of the blocking rod 922, and the airflow is discharged along the pressure relief hole 920 and the exhaust hole 921, on the one hand, due to the discharge of the high-pressure airflow in the pressure chamber, the pressure in the pressure chamber is reduced, under the action of the spring four, the sliding plate 912 moves to the box 91, drives the driven rod 913 to move, installs the above step, and the valve plate moves, the valve plate does not close the release pipe 916, and the gas outside can enter the locking assembly 11 along the release pipe 916, under the action of the spring one, the locking mechanism one 111, the locking mechanism two 112 and the locking mechanism three 113 inside are enlarged, the two groups of extrusion plates 34 move to the side away from each other, the locking plate 35 is clamped with the adjacent insertion hole one 103, insertion hole two and insertion hole three, and the locking assembly 11 is locked; under the action of the spring three, the impact plate 917 moves to the initial position;

[0073] The application realizes different types of surrounding rock simulation operations, provides surrounding rock static force loading test operations of surrounding rock lining components under different surrounding rock conditions, facilitates detection of stress conditions of surrounding rock lining components under different surrounding rock conditions, facilitates analysis and detection of the strength of the surrounding rock lining components, and provides data support for surrounding rock lining components and surrounding rock reinforcement.

[0074] The application can simulate surrounding rock microseismic impact tests under different surrounding rock loading conditions, can load impact forces of different positions and different sizes, realizes the requirements of surrounding rock microseismic impact tests of different positions and different sizes, realizes microseismic simulation tests of surrounding rock lining components under different positions and different sizes, provides data support for microseismic stress of surrounding rock lining components, and facilitates analysis and experiments of surrounding rock lining components and surrounding rock support by construction operators.

[0075] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application, and any non-essential changes and replacements made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A quasi-static test device for surrounding rock lining components, characterized in that, The system includes a base plate, a static testing system fixed to one side of the base plate, and a crossbeam fixed to the top of the static testing system. A vertical rod is fixed to the other end of the crossbeam, and an adjustment mechanism is connected to the vertical rod. The adjustment mechanism is connected to a surrounding rock simulation system. A pressing component is connected to the crossbeam, and a support plate for placing lining components is fixed to the top of the base plate. The surrounding rock simulation system includes a position adjustment component connected to the adjustment mechanism. The position adjustment component is connected to an impact component and a locking component. The locking component is connected to the surrounding rock simulation component. The impact assembly includes a housing connected to the output end of a position adjustment assembly. An isolation disc is fixed to the inner wall of the housing, dividing the housing into a pressure chamber and a release chamber. The isolation disc has a slide rail extending along its diameter and penetrating the housing. A push-pull plate is slidably connected to the slide rail. One end of the push-pull plate extending out of the housing is fixedly connected to a drive unit connected to the housing. A cover fixed to the outer side of the other end of the push-pull plate is installed on its outer ring. A movable plate fixed to the push-pull plate is slidably fitted inside the cover. An air pipe fixed to the cover is installed on the side of the movable plate near the housing, and this air pipe is fixed to a locking assembly. An air jet hole communicating with the slide rail is penetrating the isolation disc. A connecting hole is penetrating the push-pull plate. A release pipe is connected to the air pipe. A sleeve is installed on one side of the discharge pipe, which is fixed to the housing and communicates with the pressure chamber. A sliding plate is slidably sleeved inside the sleeve. A driven rod that is slidably sleeved with the sleeve is fixed to the end of the sliding plate away from the housing. A rack is fixed to the end of the driven rod that extends out of the sleeve. A gear meshes on one side of the rack. A valve stem that is slidably sleeved with the release pipe is fixed to the inner ring of the gear. A valve plate is fixed to the end of the valve stem that extends into the release pipe. An impact plate that is slidably sleeved with the housing is installed in the release chamber. An impact rod that is fixed to the housing is fixed to the end of the impact plate that is away from the isolation plate. The impact plate has a pressure relief hole. A sealing rod is fixed to the inner wall of the housing. An exhaust hole that penetrates the end of the housing is opened on the side of the impact plate that is away from the isolation plate. A delivery pipe that is fixed to the housing is provided in the pressure chamber. The locking assembly includes two sets of locking mechanisms 1 that are slidably sleeved with the surrounding rock simulation assembly. Locking mechanism 2 is fixedly connected between both ends of the two sets of locking mechanisms 1. Locking mechanism 3 is slidably sleeved with locking mechanism 2. Locking mechanism 3 is slidably sleeved with a support base fixedly connected to the position adjustment assembly. The locking mechanism one includes a rectangular support rod with a cavity inside. Both sides of the support rod have channels extending along its length and communicating with the cavity. Both channels are slidably fitted with compression plates that are slidably connected to the inner wall of the support rod. A spring one is fixed between the two compression plates. A locking plate is fixed at the ends of the two compression plates that are far apart from each other. An air pipe two connected to an air pipe one is fixed at one end of the support rod. The locking mechanism one has the same structure as the locking mechanism two and the locking mechanism three.

2. The pseudo-static test device for surrounding rock lining components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The static testing system includes a side plate fixed to the base plate, a slide rail fixed to the side plate and slidably connected to a testing plate with a circular arc-shaped front end, a testing unit installed on the top, bottom and circular arc surface of the testing plate, a clamping unit fixed to the side plate at the bottom of the testing plate, a top testing unit slidably connected to the slide rail at the top of the testing plate, and a deflection testing unit connected to the top testing unit.

3. The pseudo-static test device for surrounding rock lining components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes a support plate slidably connected between the crossbeam and the base plate, a second drive unit fixedly connected between the support plate and the vertical rod, and a third drive unit fixedly connected to the support plate and the position adjustment assembly.

4. The pseudo-static test device for surrounding rock lining components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing assembly includes a movable frame that is slidably sleeved on the crossbeam. A pressing unit is hinged to the bottom of the movable frame. A drive unit five that is hinged to the bottom side of the pressing unit and is connected to the static testing system is hinged to one side. A T-shaped pressure plate is hinged to the bottom output end of the pressing unit. A drive unit six that is fixed to the crossbeam is fixed to one side of the movable frame.

5. The pseudo-static test device for surrounding rock lining components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The position adjustment assembly includes a U-shaped lifting plate slidably connected to the adjustment mechanism. A U-shaped storage plate is fixedly connected to the other side of the opening of the lifting plate, and the storage plate is connected to the locking assembly. A base is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the storage plate. A mounting seat fixedly connected to the base is slidably connected to the base. Arc-shaped slide bars are installed on both sides of the base. A slider fixedly connected to the mounting seat is slidably connected to the slide bar. An arc-shaped rack is installed on one side of the slide bar and fixedly connected to the base. A gear meshes with the rack. A rotating shaft that is rotatably connected to the mounting seat is fixedly sleeved on the gear. A motor is installed at one end of the rotating shaft that extends out of the mounting seat.

6. The quasi-static test device for surrounding rock lining components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The surrounding rock simulation component includes a simulation plate with an arc-shaped structure. A force-applying unit is fixed to the concave surface of the simulation plate, and a horizontally arranged through hole is provided at both the top and bottom of the simulation plate.

7. The pseudo-static test device for surrounding rock lining components as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top detection unit includes a detection sleeve slidably connected to a slide rail. A detection rod is slidably sleeved on the detection sleeve. An abutment rod is fixedly connected to one end of the detection rod that extends into the detection sleeve. A spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the detection sleeve at the other end of the detection rod. A pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the detection sleeve. The skew detection unit includes a U-shaped storage rack fixedly connected to the detection rod. A support shaft is fixedly connected to the opening of the storage rack. A semi-circular offset disk is slidably sleeved on the outer ring of the support shaft.

8. The method of using the quasi-static test device for surrounding rock lining components as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Prepare experimental equipment, including prefabricated surrounding rock lining components and assembled static test apparatus. Step S2: Static pressure test of surrounding rock lining components. The surrounding rock lining components are installed on a static testing device, and a static pressure test is conducted using the static testing device. Step S3: Impact test of surrounding rock lining components. After completing the static pressure test, a micro-vibration simulated impact test is conducted on the surrounding rock lining components using a static testing device.

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