Coal mine ground stress impact ground pressure coupling analog simulation equipment
By designing an array of distributed loading cylinders and a flexible loading plate, combined with a stepper motor and servo motor drive transmission system, precise three-dimensional loading and flexible impact energy control of the coal mine ground stress and rockburst simulation equipment were achieved. This solved the limitations of existing equipment and improved the accuracy and flexibility of the simulation test.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511238399.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing coal mine ground stress and rockburst simulation equipment is difficult to achieve precise three-dimensional loading and impact energy control, and cannot truly reproduce the complex ground stress distribution state and the synergy of impact loads in the coal mine.
A coal mine ground stress-impact pressure coupling similarity simulation device was designed. It adopts an array of distributed loading cylinders and a flexible structure loading plate, combined with first and second stepper motors, to achieve precise loading of three-dimensional ground stress and flexible control of the impact head. The height of the impact hammer and the lever arm length are controlled by a servo motor and a gearbox driving the transmission tube to simulate impact pressure of different intensities and forms.
It improves the ease of operation and accuracy of simulation tests, and can accurately adjust the loading pressure and impact position according to the actual coal mine ground stress data, so as to meet the simulation needs of complex rockburst phenomena and conduct in-depth research on the coupling mechanism between ground stress and rockburst.
Smart Images
Figure CN120992385A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal mining simulation test, in particular to a coal mine ground stress and rock burst coupling similar simulation device. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the process of coal mining, rock burst as a kind of extremely destructive dynamic disaster often causes serious threat to the safety production of mine, and even causes casualties and heavy economic losses. The occurrence of rock burst is closely related to the coal mine ground stress environment, and its essence is the sudden release of elastic potential energy of coal and rock mass under high ground stress, which produces a violent dynamic phenomenon. Therefore, in-depth study on the coupling mechanism of coal mine ground stress and rock burst is of great significance to reveal the occurrence law of rock burst and develop effective prevention measures. As an important means of studying complex geological and mechanical phenomena in coal mines, similar simulation test can simulate various mechanical behaviors in the process of mining by constructing a physical model similar to the actual coal mine geological conditions, and provide theoretical support and data reference for field engineering practice.
[0003] The existing coal mine ground stress and rock burst simulation device has many limitations in practical application: the traditional device often cannot realize accurate three-dimensional loading of ground stress, and cannot truly restore the complex ground stress distribution state of the coal mine site. At the same time, in the simulation of rock burst, the impact load is difficult to realize the flexible regulation of impact energy and impact position, and the coordination between ground stress loading and impact load application is poor. In view of the above problems, the original coal mine ground stress and rock burst coupling similar simulation device is innovatively designed. SUMMARY
[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a coal mine ground stress and rock burst coupling similar simulation device to solve the problems of the existing simulation device in the background art, such as many limitations in use, inability to realize accurate three-dimensional loading, and not flexible enough in position and energy regulation of rock burst.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a coal mine ground stress and rock burst coupling similar simulation device, comprising a test bench and a test box fixed on the right upper end: The test box is clamped and installed with a side plate on the left side, and the side plate and the outer wall of the test box are both fixed with protective covers on the left side, the loading oil cylinder is installed inside the protective cover, the telescopic end of the loading oil cylinder extends into the test box, and the telescopic end of the loading oil cylinder is connected with the loading plate; The loading frame is arranged on the inner rear side of the test box, the transmission rod is connected with the transmission plate on the rear side of the loading frame, the sliding frame is connected with the limiting block inside the loading frame, and the impact head is fixed on the front end of the limiting block; The support frame is fixed on the upper end of the rear side of the test box, a second sliding table is fixed on the rear side of the support frame, a sliding plate is slidably connected to the rear side of the second sliding table, a transmission pipe is connected to the middle of the sliding plate, an impact rod is connected to the lower end of the transmission pipe, and an impact hammer is fixed to the lower end of the impact rod.
[0006] Preferably, a first sliding table is fixed to the upper end of the left side of the test bench, the first sliding table extends to the inside of the test box on the right side, a sliding block is slidably connected to the upper end of the first sliding table, and the upper end of the sliding block is connected to the side plate.
[0007] By the cooperation of the first sliding table and the sliding block, the side plate can be driven to move horizontally and stably, and the side plate can be transferred and the feeding and discharging operation of the test model can be quickly realized.
[0008] Preferably, a support plate is connected to the lower end of the right side of the side plate, the support plate is connected to the first sliding table through a sliding block, the support plate is provided in two groups, and the support plates are symmetrically distributed on the front and rear sides of the side plate.
[0009] By the cooperation of the support plate and the side plate, and the connection of the sliding block and the first sliding table, when the side plate moves horizontally, the support plate can be driven to move synchronously, and the two groups of support plates can support the test model, when the support plate moves horizontally, the test model box can be driven to move synchronously, and the feeding and discharging operation convenience is improved.
[0010] Preferably, loading oil cylinders are equidistantly arranged in the inside of the protective cover, the loading oil cylinders are fixed to the loading plate, the loading plate is designed in a stacking manner, and the loading plate is a flexible structure plate.
[0011] By the equidistantly arranged loading oil cylinders, the loading pressure of each region can be accurately adjusted, the multiple loading oil cylinders can be controlled individually or synchronously, and in cooperation with the flexible structure loading plate, the quasi-static loading of the stress of each array point can be realized. In the simulation process, the pressure of each loading surface oil cylinder can be accurately adjusted according to the actual coal mine ground stress data, the coal rock sample in the test model box is subjected to similar three-dimensional ground stress to the field, and the complex ground stress environment of the coal rock mass in the coal mining process is simulated.
[0012] Preferably, the sliding frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the loading frame at both ends, a first stepper motor is fixed to the side surface of the upper end of the loading frame, a first screw rod is connected to the shaft end of the first stepper motor, the first screw rod is threadedly connected to the upper end of the sliding frame, a guide rod penetrates through the lower end of the sliding frame, the guide rod is slidably connected to the sliding frame, and the guide rod is fixed to the inner wall of the loading frame at both ends.
[0013] Preferably, a second stepper motor is embedded in the upper end of the sliding frame, a second screw rod is connected to the lower shaft end of the second stepper motor, the lower end of the second screw rod is threadedly connected to a limiting block, the rear end of the limiting block is designed in a T shape, and the rear end of the limiting block is slidably connected to the sliding frame.
[0014] By adopting the technical scheme, the first lead screw and the second lead screw are driven to rotate respectively by the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor, the first lead screw is driven to rotate to drive the sliding frame to move horizontally, the guide rod is used to improve the activity stability, the horizontal position of the limiting block and the impact head is adjusted, the second lead screw is driven to rotate to drive the limiting block to move vertically in the sliding frame, the vertical height of the impact head is adjusted, and the detection position of the impact head can be adjusted arbitrarily.
[0015] Preferably, the transmission rods are symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the loading frame, the transmission rods are connected with the transmission plate through the rear end of the test box, the transmission rods are slidably connected with the test box, the loading plate is smaller than the inner wall of the loading frame, the rear end of the transmission rod is externally sleeved with a reset spring, and the test box outer wall and the transmission rod are connected with the reset spring on the front and back sides.
[0016] By adopting the technical scheme, the stability of the loading frame when moving forward and backward can be improved by the transmission rod, the size of the loading frame is larger than the size of the loading plate, when the impact detection of the model box is needed, the loading oil cylinder in the loading frame area is controlled to retract, the loading plate is driven to retreat to the rear side of the loading plate, and the movement of the sliding frame and other structures is prevented from being blocked.
[0017] Preferably, the sliding plate is rotationally connected with the transmission pipe, the lower end of the transmission pipe is slidably connected with the impact rod, the impact hammer is attached to the rear side of the transmission plate, the first electric push rod is fixed to the outer wall of the transmission pipe, and the lower end of the first electric push rod is fixed to the outer wall of the impact rod, the damping shock absorber is rotationally connected to the rear lower end of the support frame, and the lower end of the damping shock absorber is rotationally connected with the test box.
[0018] By adopting the technical scheme, the transmission pipe can be connected and supported by the sliding plate, the lower end of the transmission pipe is connected with the impact hammer through the impact rod, the transmission pipe is rotated to drive the impact rod and the impact hammer to rotate and rise, the impact hammer can hit the transmission plate in the rotating falling process, the impact head can impact the test model box, the height of the sliding block can be adjusted by the second sliding table, the distance between the transmission pipe and the impact hammer can be controlled by the first electric push rod, the length of the force arm can be controlled, and the impact force when the impact hammer falls can be adjusted.
[0019] Preferably, the servo motor is fixed to the side surface of the sliding plate, the side surface of the servo motor is connected with a speed reducer, the output shaft end of the speed reducer is slidably connected with a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is designed in a square shape, the left side of the transmission shaft is fixed with a driving gear, the top side of the transmission pipe is fixed with a driven gear, the driven gear is meshingly connected with the driving gear, the second electric push rod is fixed to the upper end of the sliding plate, and the transmission shaft is rotationally connected with the second electric push rod.
[0020] Adopting the technical scheme, the torque during rotation of the servo motor is improved through cooperation of the servo motor and the reduction box, the servo motor can drive the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear can drive the driven gear and the transmission pipe to rotate, and then the height of the lifting impact rod and the impact hammer is rotated, and the meshing state of the driving gear and the driven gear can be controlled by the second electric push rod, and the opposite sides of the driving gear and the driven gear are designed as involute chamfers, so that the meshing can be easily realized.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the coal mine ground stress impact ground pressure coupling similar simulation device has the advantages that the device has remarkable improvement in test operation convenience, the side plate and the support plate can be horizontally and stably moved by cooperation of the first sliding table and the sliding block, two groups of support plates can support the test model and drive synchronous movement of the test model, the loading and unloading process of the test model is greatly simplified, the operation time is saved, and the efficiency in the test preparation stage is improved. 1. The array distribution loading cylinder can be controlled individually or synchronously, the loading plate with a flexible structure can realize quasi-static loading of stress at each array point, the pressure of each loading surface cylinder can be accurately adjusted according to actual coal mine ground stress data, the coal and rock sample is subjected to similar three-dimensional ground stress, in addition, the horizontal position and vertical height of the impact head can be flexibly adjusted by cooperation of the first stepper motor and the second stepper motor, the accuracy of the impact detection position is ensured, and accurate conditions are provided for the simulation test. 2. The device has high flexibility in regulating and controlling the impact load, the height of the sliding plate is adjusted by the second sliding table, the distance between the transmission pipe and the impact hammer is controlled by the first electric push rod, the length of the force arm can be changed to adjust the impact force, the transmission pipe is driven to rotate by cooperation of the servo motor and the reduction box, the height of the impact hammer can be raised, and the meshing state of the driving gear and the driven gear can be controlled by the second electric push rod, so that the lifting of the impact hammer is controlled, this multi-dimensional regulation and control mode can simulate impact ground pressure of different intensities and forms, meets the simulation demand of complex impact ground pressure, and helps to deeply study the coupling mechanism of ground stress and impact ground pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall rear view structure of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the first sliding table and the side plate structure of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the protective cover of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission rod and the transmission plate structure of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the loading frame of the present application; Figure 7 Structure diagram of impact hammer and impact rod of the present application; Figure 8 Structure diagram of support frame and damping shock absorber of the present application; Figure 9 Structure diagram of second electric push rod and driving gear of the present application.
[0023] In the figure: 1, test bench; 2, test box; 3, side plate; 4, protective cover; 5, loading oil cylinder; 6, loading plate; 7, first sliding table; 8, support plate; 9, transmission rod; 10, transmission plate; 11, loading frame; 12, sliding frame; 13, first lead screw; 14, first stepper motor; 15, guide rod; 16, limit block; 17, impact head; 18, second lead screw; 19, second stepper motor; 20, return spring; 21, support frame; 22, second sliding table; 23, sliding plate; 24, transmission pipe; 25, impact rod; 26, impact hammer; 27, first electric push rod; 28, damping shock absorber; 29, servo motor; 30, transmission shaft; 31, driving gear; 32, driven gear; 33, second electric push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.
[0025] Please refer to Figures 1-9The application provides a technical scheme: a coal mine ground stress impact and rock pressure coupling similar simulation device, which comprises a test table 1 and a test box 2 fixed at the right upper end, an observation window is installed on the right side of the test box 2, which is used for observing the internal test condition, monitoring instruments or related equipment can be installed after the observation window is disassembled, a camera is further arranged in the test box 2, and the camera can collect images in the test box 2 in real time. The side plate 3 is clamped and installed on the left side of the test box 2, the first sliding table 7 is fixed at the left upper end of the test table 1, the first sliding table 7 extends to the inside of the test box 2 at the right side, the sliding block is slidably connected to the upper end of the first sliding table 7, and the upper end of the sliding block is connected with the side plate 3. The supporting plate 8 is connected to the right lower end of the side plate 3, and the supporting plate 8 is connected between the lower end and the first sliding table 7 through the sliding block. The supporting plate 8 is provided with two groups, and the supporting plates 8 are symmetrically distributed on the front and back of the side plate 3. First, the installation and debugging of the device are carried out. The test table 1 is fixed on the horizontal test site, and the stability of the test table 1 is ensured. Whether the installation of the first sliding table 7 is firm is checked, the right side needs to accurately extend to the inside of the test box 2, and the sliding block can smoothly slide on the first sliding table 7. The side plate 3 is connected with the first sliding table 7 through the sliding block, and the two groups of supporting plates 8 are symmetrically installed at the right lower end of the side plate 3, and the lower end of the supporting plate 8 is also connected with the first sliding table 7 through the sliding block, so that the side plate 3 and the supporting plate 8 can be synchronously and horizontally and stably moved under the drive of the first sliding table 7. Then, the installation of the test model is carried out. The first sliding table 7 is controlled to drive the side plate 3 and the supporting plate 8 to move to the outside of the test box 2, and the coal mine similar simulation test model is placed on the two groups of supporting plates 8. Then, the first sliding table 7 is started again, the side plate 3 and the supporting plate 8 drive the test model to enter the inside of the test box 2, until the side plate 3 is clamped with the left side of the test box 2, the test model is transferred to the inside of the test box, and the rapid feeding and discharging of the test model is realized. The coal mine similar simulation test model box is made of high-strength steel material, has good sealing performance and pressure resistance, and can withstand the high pressure applied by the loading system. The size of the test model box can be customized according to the test requirement, and the internal space is used for placing coal rock test pieces and related sensors and equipment. Wave-absorbing damping materials are arranged on the bottom, the front and the left and right sides of the box body, can effectively prevent rigid impact of the box body during dynamic and static loading and reduce the secondary influence of stress reflection wave on the model, and improve the controllability of dynamic loading and the test accuracy.
[0026] The left side of the side plate 3 and the outer wall of the test box 2 are fixed with protective covers 4, the inside of the protective cover 4 is installed with loading oil cylinders 5, the telescopic end of the loading oil cylinder 5 extends into the inside of the test box 2, and the telescopic end of the loading oil cylinder 5 is connected with a loading plate 6; the loading oil cylinders 5 are equidistantly arrayed in the inside of the protective cover 4, the loading oil cylinder 5 is fixed with the loading plate 6, the loading plate 6 is designed in a stacking mode, and the loading plate 6 is a flexible structure plate. The protective cover 4 can provide stable protection for the inside loading oil cylinder 5. When the coal mine ground stress simulation test is carried out, according to the actual coal mine ground stress data, the loading oil cylinders 5 arrayed in the inside of the protective cover 4 are controlled individually or synchronously. Because the loading oil cylinders 5 are equidistantly arrayed, the loading pressure of different areas in the test box 2 can be accurately adjusted. When the ground stress of a specific area needs to be simulated, the loading oil cylinder 5 at the corresponding position is controlled to extend or retract, and the loading plate 6 is pushed by the telescopic end of the loading oil cylinder 5 to act on the coal rock sample; if the ground stress environment of the overall area needs to be simulated, the loading oil cylinders 5 are synchronously controlled to work cooperatively. The flexible structure loading plate 6 plays an important role in the loading process, which can better fit the surface of the coal rock sample, and avoid uneven stress distribution caused by rigid contact. The loading plate 6 designed in a stacking mode can adaptively adjust the shape according to the extension and retraction of the loading oil cylinder 5, cooperate with the accurate pressure control of each loading oil cylinder 5, realize the quasi-static loading of each array point stress, make the coal rock sample in the test box 2 subjected to similar three-dimensional ground stress as in the field, and accurately simulate the complex ground stress environment of the coal rock mass in the coal mining process, so as to provide reliable stress conditions for the test. During the test, the pressure data of each loading oil cylinder 5 need to be monitored in real time, the output pressure of the loading oil cylinder 5 is adjusted in time according to the feedback of the test model, so as to ensure the accuracy and stability of the ground stress simulation, and after the test is completed, all the loading oil cylinders 5 are controlled to retract, and the loading plate 6 is retreated to the initial position, so as to carry out subsequent test operation or model processing.
[0027] The multiple groups of loading oil cylinders 5 are controlled by the control system, the target ground stress parameters are input on the man-machine interface of the control system, including the vertical stress (σv), the maximum horizontal principal stress (σhmax) and the minimum horizontal principal stress (σhmin), and the loading rate (0.1-1MPa / min adjustable) and the stable pressure maintaining time (5-30min optional) of each stress are set; for complex geological structures (such as faults and folds), the non-uniform stress field algorithm is preset through the control system. For example, when the stress concentration near the fault is simulated, the pressure gradient of the oil cylinder on both sides of the fault (such as 2MPa per meter) can be set, and the smooth transition of the stress gradient is realized through the deformation compensation of the flexible loading plate 6. Each group of loading oil cylinders 5 is provided with overload protection, when the pressure exceeds 10% of the set value, the system automatically triggers the unloading valve, and the pressure is reduced to the safe range within 1s. The loading oil cylinder 5 needs to be calibrated by the standard force sensor (accuracy 0.1%) regularly, so as to ensure that the pressure measurement error is less than or equal to 0.5%; the deformation performance of the flexible loading plate 6 is checked every quarter, and the flexible loading plate 6 is replaced in time when the maximum deformation amount exceeds 5%, so as to ensure the stress transmission accuracy.
[0028] The test box 2 is provided with a loading frame 11 on the inner rear side, the rear side of the loading frame 11 is connected with a transmission rod 9, the rear side of the transmission rod 9 is connected with a transmission plate 10, the inside of the loading frame 11 is connected with a sliding frame 12, the inside of the sliding frame 12 is connected with a limiting block 16, the front end of the limiting block 16 is fixed with an impact head 17; the two ends of the sliding frame 12 are slidingly connected with the inner wall of the loading frame 11, the upper side of the loading frame 11 is fixed with a first stepping motor 14, the shaft end of the first stepping motor 14 is connected with a first lead screw 13, the first lead screw 13 is threadedly connected with the upper end of the sliding frame 12, the lower end of the sliding frame 12 penetrates a guide rod 15, the guide rod 15 is slidingly connected with the sliding frame 12, and the two ends of the guide rod 15 are fixed with the inner wall of the loading frame 11; the upper end of the sliding frame 12 is embedded with a second stepping motor 19, the lower shaft end of the second stepping motor 19 is connected with a second lead screw 18, the lower end of the second lead screw 18 is threadedly connected with the limiting block 16, the rear end of the limiting block 16 is designed in a “T” shape, and the rear end of the limiting block 16 is slidingly connected with the sliding frame 12; the transmission rod 9 is symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the loading frame 11, the rear end of the transmission rod 9 penetrates the rear end of the test box 2 and is connected with the transmission plate 10, the transmission rod 9 is slidingly connected with the test box 2, the size of the loading plate 6 is smaller than the size of the inner wall of the loading frame 11, the rear end of the transmission rod 9 is externally sleeved with a reset spring 20, and the front and rear sides of the reset spring 20 are respectively connected with the outer wall of the test box 2 and the transmission rod 9. When it is necessary to impact the model box, the loading cylinder 5 in the loading frame 11 area is first controlled to retract, and the loading plate 6 is driven to retreat to the rear side of the loading frame 11 (because the size of the loading plate 6 is smaller than the size of the inner wall of the loading frame 11, the sliding frame 12 and other structures are prevented from being blocked). And adjust the horizontal position of the impact head 17, adjust the impact position, start the first stepping motor 14 to drive the first lead screw 13 to rotate, under the limiting action of the guide rod 15, the sliding frame 12 slides along the inner wall of the loading frame 11, thereby driving the limiting block 16 and the impact head 17 to move horizontally synchronously, and the horizontal position is accurately adjusted. If it is necessary to adjust the vertical height of the impact head 17, the second stepping motor 19 is started to drive the second lead screw 18 to rotate, the limiting block 16 slides vertically along the inner wall of the sliding frame 12, thereby adjusting the vertical height of the impact head 17, and meeting the impact detection requirements of different positions. The impact head 17 can impact the test model, the transmission plate 10 drives the transmission rod 9 and the loading frame 11 to move synchronously, so that the impact head 17 realizes impact transmission, and after the impact is completed, a plurality of reset springs 20 can reset the loading frame 11 and other structures, and the transmission rod 9 can guarantee the movement stability of the loading frame 11 in the whole process.
[0029] The test box 2 is fixed on the upper end of the rear side of the support frame 21, and is connected with the support frame 21 through a shock-absorbing plate to avoid large vibration of the whole device caused by hammering. The second sliding table 22 is fixed on the rear side of the support frame 21, and the sliding plate 23 is slidably connected to the rear side of the second sliding table 22. The transmission pipe 24 is connected to the middle of the sliding plate 23, and the impact rod 25 is connected to the lower end of the transmission pipe 24. The impact hammer 26 is fixed to the lower end of the impact rod 25. The sliding plate 23 is rotatably connected to the transmission pipe 24, and the lower end of the transmission pipe 24 is slidably connected to the impact rod 25. The impact hammer 26 is attached to the rear side of the transmission plate 10. The first electric push rod 27 is fixed to the outer wall of the transmission pipe 24, and the lower end of the first electric push rod 27 is fixed to the outer wall of the impact rod 25. The damping shock absorber 28 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the rear side of the support frame 21, and the lower end of the damping shock absorber 28 is rotatably connected to the test box 2. The servo motor 29 is fixed to the side of the sliding plate 23. The servo motor 29 is connected with a speed reducer, and the output shaft of the speed reducer is slidably connected to the transmission shaft 30. The transmission shaft 30 is designed in a square shape, and the driving gear 31 is fixed to the left side of the transmission shaft 30. The driven gear 32 is fixed to the top side of the transmission pipe 24, and is meshingly connected to the driving gear 31. The second electric push rod 33 is fixed to the upper end of the sliding plate 23, and the transmission shaft 30 is rotatably connected to the second electric push rod 33. The transmission pipe 24, the impact rod 25 and the impact hammer 26 can provide impact force. Before the impact test, the parameters need to be set and prepared according to the test requirements. The height of the sliding plate 23 is adjusted by the second sliding table 22, so that the impact hammer 26 is in the appropriate initial position. The first electric push rod 27 is started to make it extend and retract to drive the impact rod 25 to slide in the transmission pipe 24. The relative position of the transmission pipe 24 and the impact rod 25 is adjusted to change the length of the force arm, so as to set the impact force when the impact hammer 26 falls, and the impact hammer 26 can hit the middle of the transmission plate 10 during the falling process. Then the servo motor 29 is started to drive the transmission shaft 30 to rotate after being decelerated by the speed reducer. The transmission shaft 30 drives the transmission pipe 24 to rotate through the meshing transmission of the driving gear 31 and the driven gear 32. The transmission pipe 24 drives the impact rod 25 and the impact hammer 26 to lift up during the rotation process. When the impact hammer 26 is lifted to the preset height, the second electric push rod 33 is controlled to extend to drive the transmission shaft 30 to move axially, so that the driving gear 31 and the driven gear 32 are separated, thereby releasing the rotation restriction of the transmission pipe 24 and releasing the impact hammer 26 to fall under the action of gravity and hit the transmission plate 10. The transmission plate 10 transmits the impact force to the loading frame 11 through the transmission rod 9. The loading frame 11 moves forward under the action of the impact force to drive the sliding frame 12, the limiting block 16 and the impact head 17 to move forward synchronously, so that the impact head 17 impacts the model in the test box 2. During the impact process, the damping shock absorber 28 will stretch and retract to absorb part of the impact energy and reduce the vibration of the whole device. At the same time, the impact hammer 26 can be lifted again by the servo motor 29 to repeat the above operation for multiple impact tests, or the parameters can be adjusted according to the test requirements to perform impact simulation under different conditions.
[0030] What has not been described in detail in the specification is the prior art known to those skilled in the art, although embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A coal mine ground stress-impact-pressure coupling similarity simulation device, comprising a test bench (1) and a test chamber (2) fixed at the upper right side, characterized in that: The test chamber (2) has a side plate (3) installed on the left side. The side plate (3) and the outer wall of the test chamber (2) are both fixed with protective covers (4). A loading cylinder (5) is installed inside the protective cover (4). The telescopic end of the loading cylinder (5) extends into the test chamber (2). The telescopic end of the loading cylinder (5) is connected to the loading plate (6). The test chamber (2) is equipped with a loading frame (11) on the rear side. The loading frame (11) is connected to a transmission rod (9) on the rear side. The transmission rod (9) is connected to a transmission plate (10) on the rear side. The loading frame (11) is connected to a sliding frame (12). The sliding frame (12) is connected to a limiting block (16). The front end of the limiting block (16) is fixed with an impact head (17). The test chamber (2) has a fixed support frame (21) at the upper rear side, a second slide (22) is fixed at the rear side of the support frame (21), a slide plate (23) is slidably connected at the rear side of the second slide plate (22), a transmission pipe (24) is connected in the middle of the slide plate (23), an impact rod (25) is connected at the lower end of the transmission pipe (24), and an impact hammer (26) is fixed at the lower end of the impact rod (25).
2. The coal mine ground stress-rock pressure coupling similarity simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test bench (1) has a first slide (7) fixed on the upper left side. The right side of the first slide (7) extends into the test chamber (2). The upper end of the first slide (7) is connected to a slider, and the upper end of the slider is connected to the side plate (3).
3. The coal mine ground stress-rock pressure coupling similarity simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower right side of the side plate (3) is connected to a support plate (8). The lower end of the support plate (8) is connected to the first slide (7) by a slider. Two sets of support plates (8) are provided, and the support plates (8) are symmetrically distributed on the front and rear sides of the side plate (3).
4. The coal mine ground stress-rock pressure coupling similarity simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading cylinders (5) are distributed in an equidistant array inside the protective cover (4). The loading cylinders (5) are fixed to the loading plate (6). The loading plate (6) is designed to be stacked and is a flexible structural plate.
5. The coal mine ground stress-rock pressure coupling similarity simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding frame (12) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the loading frame (11) at both ends. The upper side of the loading frame (11) is fixed with a first stepper motor (14). The shaft end of the first stepper motor (14) is connected to a first lead screw (13). The first lead screw (13) is threadedly connected to the upper end of the sliding frame (12). A guide rod (15) passes through the lower end of the sliding frame (12). The guide rod (15) is slidably connected to the sliding frame (12). The two ends of the guide rod (15) are fixed to the inner wall of the loading frame (11).
6. The coal mine ground stress-rock pressure coupling similarity simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end of the sliding frame (12) is embedded with a second stepper motor (19). The lower end of the second stepper motor (19) is connected to a second lead screw (18). The lower end of the second lead screw (18) is threadedly connected to a limiting block (16). The rear end of the limiting block (16) is designed in a "T" shape. The rear end of the limiting block (16) is slidably connected to the sliding frame (12).
7. A coal mine ground stress-rock pressure coupling similarity simulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission rods (9) are symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the loading frame (11), and the transmission rods (9) pass through the rear end of the test chamber (2) and are connected to the transmission plate (10). The transmission rods (9) are slidably connected to the test chamber (2). The size of the loading plate (6) is smaller than the inner wall size of the loading frame (11). A reset spring (20) is sleeved on the outer side of the rear end of the transmission rod (9). The front and rear sides of the reset spring (20) are connected to the outer wall of the test chamber (2) and the transmission rod (9) respectively.
8. The coal mine ground stress-rock pressure coupling similarity simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide plate (23) is rotatably connected to the transmission tube (24), and the lower end of the transmission tube (24) is slidably connected to the impact rod (25). The impact hammer (26) is attached to the rear side of the transmission plate (10). The outer wall of the transmission tube (24) is fixed with a first electric push rod (27), and the lower end of the first electric push rod (27) is fixed to the outer wall of the impact rod (25). The lower end of the rear side of the support frame (21) is rotatably connected to the damping shock absorber (28), and the lower end of the damping shock absorber (28) is rotatably connected to the test chamber (2).
9. A coal mine ground stress-rock pressure coupling similarity simulation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A servo motor (29) is fixed to the side of the slide plate (23). A gearbox is connected to the side of the servo motor (29). The output shaft of the gearbox is slidably connected to the transmission shaft (30). The transmission shaft (30) is square in design. A drive gear (31) is fixed to the left side of the transmission shaft (30). A driven gear (32) is fixed to the top side of the transmission tube (24). The driven gear (32) meshes with the drive gear (31). A second electric push rod (33) is fixed to the upper end of the slide plate (23). The transmission shaft (30) is rotatably connected to the second electric push rod (33).