Real-time monitoring method for toxicity analysis of water pollutants

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time monitoring method for water pollutant toxicity analysis, and relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring, and the real-time monitoring method comprises the following steps: deploying sampling equipment on site to collect a water sample; carrying out preliminary pretreatment on the water quality sample; analyzing and detecting the toxicity of the water pollutants; analyzing and interpreting the result data; according to the environmental characteristics of the target water area and the pollution risk of the target water area, appropriate monitoring point positions are determined, comprehensive water sample collection is facilitated, water samples are extracted from all the monitoring point positions in a timed and quantitative mode in a pumping mode, manual sampling is replaced, the sampling efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced. Uniformity of water samples is guaranteed, the collected water samples are representative, influence on precision of follow-up monitoring results is avoided, meanwhile, the sampling pipeline is made of inert materials, the sampling pipeline is kept in a low-temperature environment, degradation of pollutants is prevented, chemical changes of the samples in the transmission process are reduced, and original toxicity characteristics are reserved to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water quality monitoring technology, specifically to a real-time monitoring method for toxicity analysis of water pollutants. Background Technology

[0002] Real-time monitoring of water pollutant toxicity is an important means to ensure water resource security and prevent environmental pollution. Traditional water quality monitoring methods have limitations such as long detection cycles, high costs, and inability to fully reflect the ecological toxicity of water bodies. Therefore, real-time monitoring technology for water biological toxicity has emerged and become an important device in water quality monitoring. At present, real-time monitoring methods for water pollutant toxicity mainly rely on monitoring technology to quickly assess the toxicity of water bodies by detecting pollutants.

[0003] Currently, in the process of monitoring water pollutants, the lack of standardized sampling and pre-testing procedures makes it easy for water samples to deviate from the testing results due to sampling errors. At the same time, the reliability of water samples before testing cannot be guaranteed, and changes in water samples can reduce the accuracy of subsequent test results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a real-time monitoring method for the toxicity analysis of water pollutants. It can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the lack of standardized sampling and pre-detection processing procedures in the current water pollutant monitoring process, which leads to deviations in monitoring results due to water sample sampling errors. At the same time, it cannot ensure the reliability of water samples before detection, and the accuracy of subsequent detection results is easily reduced due to changes in water samples.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a real-time monitoring method for toxicity analysis of water pollutants, which, through a real-time monitoring and analysis process, enables rapid and accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of toxic pollutants in water bodies, achieving real-time and accurate monitoring of the toxicity of water pollutants and timely risk warning, including the following steps:

[0006] S1, On-site sampling equipment is deployed to collect water samples;

[0007] S2, preliminary pretreatment of water samples;

[0008] S3, Toxicity analysis and detection of water pollutants;

[0009] S4, Analyze and interpret the results data;

[0010] S5 provides timely warnings based on the analysis results.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, S1 involves deploying sampling equipment on-site in the aquatic environment to complete the water sampling work of the current water body, including the deployment of sampling equipment and on-site collection of water samples;

[0012] The deployment of sampling equipment is based on the environmental characteristics and pollution risk of the target water area to determine suitable monitoring points. When determining the monitoring points, it is necessary to select important channels, different depths, typical locations, and near pollution sources in the water body. After determining the monitoring points, water sampling equipment is installed at each monitoring point. The water sampling equipment uses a pump suction method for sampling, specifically a submersible pump or a peristaltic pump.

[0013] Water samples are collected on-site by using water sampling equipment deployed at various monitoring points to extract water samples from each monitoring point at regular intervals and in quantitative quantities. This ensures that the collected water samples are representative. Furthermore, a filtration structure needs to be installed on the sampling pipeline. The filtration structure uses a 1µm microporous membrane to initially remove large suspended particles larger than 1µm in diameter, thus preventing subsequent clogging.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, in step S1, during the sampling process, the sampling pipeline is made of inert material and kept in a low-temperature environment. By maintaining the temperature below 4°C, the degradation of easily degradable pollutants is prevented, the chemical changes of the sample during the transmission process are reduced, and the original toxicity characteristics are preserved to the greatest extent.

[0015] After obtaining the water sample, it needs to be sealed in a container to preserve the water quality sample and sent to the laboratory for subsequent testing within 1 hour.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, S2 is to perform targeted pretreatment on the water sample before it enters the detection and analysis stage. The pretreatment is used to eliminate matrix interference and enrich the target pollutants in the water to facilitate more accurate detection in the future.

[0017] In the specific pretreatment process, a pre-filter is first used to remove large particulate impurities from the water. Then, a precision filter is used to perform precision filtration of the water, thereby trapping colloids and microorganisms to avoid interfering with subsequent detection results. Furthermore, a solid-phase extraction column is used for selective adsorption, and the target pollutants are desorbed and concentrated by the eluent, thereby improving the sensitivity of subsequent target pollutant detection.

[0018] According to the above technical solution, in step S2, after the water sample has been pretreated, if the pH of the water sample fluctuates greatly, it is necessary to adjust the pH value of the water sample by injecting an acidic or alkaline solution to maintain the pH of the water sample at 6.5-7.5. Finally, the water sample is placed in a sealed container, and fixatives and preservatives are added to preserve the water sample to prevent microbial growth and avoid chemical changes.

[0019] According to the above technical solution, in step S3, the toxicity of water pollutants in the pretreated water sample is detected and analyzed by detection methods. In the specific detection and analysis process, the detection methods are divided into biological detection and chemical detection according to the detection principle.

[0020] Biological detection uses model organisms or biomolecules as recognition elements. In the specific detection process, the luminescence intensity of luminescent bacteria is negatively correlated with the toxicity of pollutants.

[0021] When toxic substances are present in a water sample, the metabolism of luminescent bacteria is inhibited, and the luminescence value decreases. The changes in luminescence intensity are collected in real time by a photoelectric sensor and compared with a blank control of a standard solution without pollutants. The toxicity index is evaluated by calculating the inhibition rate. When the inhibition rate is >50%, it is determined to be toxic, thus realizing a rapid assessment of the comprehensive toxicity of the water sample.

[0022] Chemical detection is based on signal changes from specific chemical reactions to determine toxicity. It uses specific recognition materials to modify the electrode surface. When the target pollutant binds to the recognition site, the electrode potential or current changes. By recording the signal changes and combining them with a standard curve, quantitative analysis can be achieved.

[0023] According to the above technical solution, in step S3, after the water sample is tested by biological and chemical detection, the test results are converted into digital signals by an analog-to-digital converter, and the digital signals are transmitted to the edge computing terminal for subsequent processing.

[0024] According to the above technical solution, S4, result analysis is a necessary condition for judging the toxicity of water pollutants. It aims to assess the toxicity of specific pollutants in water based on the water pollutant toxicity analysis and detection results of water sample data. After the edge computing terminal obtains the result data, it needs to calculate the mean of the result data. By statistically analyzing the average value of the result data within a specific time interval, the average result data is compared and analyzed with the background sample data to judge the pollution status of the water body detection results.

[0025] Furthermore, the average results data are compared with the current water quality standards to determine the extent of water quality exceeding the standards. When water quality indicators approach or exceed the standard limits, the main pollution sources are identified, and corresponding prevention and control plans are formulated based on the pollution sources.

[0026] According to the above technical solution, S5 specifically displays the water quality analysis results through a visual interface, and when a certain indicator in the water quality analysis results exceeds the set warning threshold, a first-level warning response is triggered in a timely manner. When the first-level warning response is triggered, the management personnel are alerted by sound and light warnings, and the analysis result data is notified to the operation and maintenance personnel by SMS notification.

[0027] If a certain indicator in the water quality analysis results reaches the alarm threshold, a level two alarm will be triggered in a timely manner. When the level two alarm response is triggered, the analysis result data will be pushed to the environmental protection supervision platform, and the water sample will be retained at the same time.

[0028] According to the above technical solution, in step S5, it is also necessary to integrate the monitoring points, sampling time, detection time, water quality parameters, and toxicity detection results involved in the water sampling process into water quality information of the tested water sample;

[0029] By linking water quality information with early warning and alarm information, when water quality analysis results trigger early warnings and alarms, the water quality information can be promptly combined with the early warnings and alarms to quickly obtain the current water quality information of the water body, so as to provide key information for subsequent emergency response and realize rapid emergency response to sudden pollution events.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. Sampling equipment is deployed on-site in the aquatic environment to collect water samples from the current water body. Based on the environmental characteristics and pollution risk of the target water body, appropriate monitoring points are determined to facilitate subsequent water sample collection from important water channels, different depths, typical locations, and near pollution sources. Pumps are used to extract water samples from each monitoring point at regular intervals and in quantitative quantities, replacing manual sampling. This ensures the uniformity of water samples and guarantees that the collected water samples are representative, avoiding any impact on the accuracy of subsequent monitoring results. At the same time, the sampling pipeline is made of inert materials and kept in a low-temperature environment to prevent degradation of easily degradable pollutants, reduce chemical changes in the samples during transportation, and preserve the original toxic characteristics to the greatest extent.

[0032] 2. Targeted pretreatment of water samples facilitates the elimination of matrix interference and enriches the target pollutants in the water, enabling more accurate subsequent detection. The combination of pre-filters and precision filters removes large particulate impurities from the water while achieving precise filtration to retain colloids and microorganisms, preventing interference with subsequent test results. A front-end filter structure is installed on the sampling pipeline to initially remove large suspended particles, preventing subsequent clogging. Furthermore, adjusting the pH value of the water sample and preserving the sample prevents chemical changes, further ensuring the accuracy of subsequent test results and preventing deviations.

[0033] 3. The toxicity of water pollutants in pretreated water samples is detected and analyzed through multiple detection methods, including biological and chemical methods. Biological detection methods provide a comprehensive assessment of toxic effects, enabling rapid assessment of the overall toxicity of the water sample, while chemical detection methods achieve precise quantification of the target substances. By using multiple detection methods to perform toxicity detection, a comprehensive toxicity index is formed, thereby ensuring the reliability of the results. Furthermore, by converting the detection results into digital signals, it is convenient for further processing.

[0034] 4. By analyzing the test results, it is convenient to assess the toxicity of specific pollutants in water bodies based on the water sample data and the results of water pollutant toxicity analysis and testing. The mean value is obtained through statistical methods, and the average result data is compared with the background sample data to facilitate accurate judgment of the pollution status of the water body. At the same time, by comparing the average result data with the current water quality standards, it is convenient to further judge the extent of exceedance of the water body, so as to accurately identify the main pollution sources in the water sample and facilitate the subsequent development of corresponding prevention and control plans.

[0035] 5. By setting early warning thresholds and alarm thresholds, a first-level early warning response and a second-level alarm can be triggered respectively when the water quality analysis results exceed the set early warning thresholds and alarm thresholds. Different response methods facilitate different types of early warnings, making it easy to notify operation and maintenance personnel and the monitoring platform of the results. At the same time, the monitoring points, sampling time, testing time, water quality parameters, and toxicity test results involved in the water sampling process are integrated into the water quality information of the tested water sample. The water quality information is linked with early warning and alarm information to quickly obtain the current water quality information of the water body and provide key information for subsequent emergency response. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0037] In the attached diagram:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the real-time monitoring method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0040] Example: Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a technical solution: a real-time monitoring method for the toxicity analysis of water pollutants. Through a real-time monitoring and analysis process, it enables rapid and accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of toxic pollutants in water bodies, achieving real-time and accurate monitoring of water pollutant toxicity and timely risk warning. The method includes the following steps:

[0041] S1, On-site sampling equipment is deployed to collect water samples;

[0042] S2, preliminary pretreatment of water samples;

[0043] S3, Toxicity analysis and detection of water pollutants;

[0044] S4, Analyze and interpret the results data;

[0045] S5 provides timely warnings based on the analysis results.

[0046] Based on the above technical solution, S1, water sampling work of the current water body is completed by deploying sampling equipment on-site in the water environment, including the deployment of sampling equipment and on-site collection of water samples;

[0047] The deployment of sampling equipment is based on the environmental characteristics and pollution risk of the target water area to determine suitable monitoring points. When determining the monitoring points, it is necessary to select important channels, different depths, typical locations, and near pollution sources in the water body. After determining the monitoring points, water sampling equipment is installed at each monitoring point. The water sampling equipment uses a pump suction method for sampling, specifically a submersible pump or a peristaltic pump.

[0048] Water samples are collected on-site by using water sampling equipment deployed at various monitoring points to extract water samples from each monitoring point at regular intervals and in quantitative quantities. This ensures that the collected water samples are representative. Furthermore, a filtration structure needs to be installed on the sampling pipeline. The filtration structure uses a 1µm microporous membrane to initially remove large suspended particles larger than 1µm in diameter, thus preventing subsequent clogging.

[0049] Based on the above technical solution, S1, during the sampling process, the sampling pipeline uses an inert material, specifically polytetrafluoroethylene, and the sampling pipeline is kept in a low-temperature environment. By maintaining the temperature below 4°C, the degradation of easily degradable pollutants is prevented, the chemical changes of the sample during the transmission process are reduced, and the original toxicity characteristics are preserved to the greatest extent.

[0050] After obtaining the water sample, it needs to be sealed in a container to preserve the water quality sample and sent to the laboratory for subsequent testing within 1 hour.

[0051] Based on the above technical solution, S2 is to perform targeted pretreatment on the water sample before it enters the detection and analysis stage. Pretreatment is used to eliminate matrix interference and enrich the target pollutants in the water to facilitate more accurate subsequent detection.

[0052] In the specific pretreatment process, a pre-filter is first used to remove large particulate impurities from the water, including silt and algae fragments. Next, a precision filter is used to precisely filter the water, thereby trapping colloids and microorganisms to avoid interfering with subsequent detection results. Then, a solid-phase extraction column is used for selective adsorption, and the target pollutants are desorbed and concentrated by the eluent to improve the sensitivity of subsequent target pollutant detection. The solid-phase extraction column is specifically a C18 column for adsorbing organic matter and ion exchange resin for removing heavy metals.

[0053] Based on the above technical solution, S2, after the water sample has been pretreated, if the pH of the water sample fluctuates greatly, it is necessary to adjust the pH value of the water sample by injecting an acidic or alkaline solution to maintain the pH of the water sample at 6.5-7.5. Finally, the water sample is placed in a sealed container, and a fixative and a preservative are added to preserve the water sample to prevent microbial growth and avoid chemical changes. The fixatives are sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and the preservative is sodium hydroxide.

[0054] Based on the above technical solution, S3, the toxicity of water pollutants in the pretreated water sample is detected and analyzed by detection methods. In the specific detection and analysis process, the detection methods are divided into biological detection and chemical detection according to the detection principle.

[0055] Biodetection uses model organisms or biomolecules as recognition elements. Model organisms include zebrafish and luminescent bacteria, while biomolecules include enzymes and DNA probes. In the specific detection process, the luminescence intensity of luminescent bacteria is negatively correlated with the toxicity of pollutants.

[0056] When toxic substances are present in a water sample, the metabolism of luminescent bacteria is inhibited, and the luminescence value decreases. The changes in luminescence intensity are collected in real time by a photoelectric sensor and compared with a blank control of a standard solution without pollutants. The toxicity index is evaluated by calculating the inhibition rate. When the inhibition rate is >50%, it is determined to be toxic, thus realizing a rapid assessment of the comprehensive toxicity of the water sample.

[0057] Chemical detection is based on signal changes from specific chemical reactions to determine toxicity. It utilizes specific recognition materials to modify the electrode surface. These materials include molecularly imprinted polymers and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). When a target pollutant binds to a recognition site, the electrode potential or current changes. By recording the signal changes and combining them with a standard curve, quantitative analysis is achieved. Target pollutants include lead ions and benzene compounds.

[0058] Based on the above technical solution, S3, after detecting the water sample through biological and chemical detection, converts the detection results into digital signals through an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and transmits the digital signals to the edge computing terminal for subsequent processing.

[0059] Based on the above technical solution, S4, result analysis is a necessary condition for judging the toxicity of water pollutants. It aims to assess the toxicity of specific pollutants in water bodies based on the water pollutant toxicity analysis and detection results of water sample data. After the edge computing terminal obtains the result data, it needs to calculate the mean of the result data. By statistically averaging the result data within a specific time interval, the average result data is compared and analyzed with the background sample data to judge the pollution status of the water body detection results.

[0060] Furthermore, the average results data are compared with the current water quality standards to determine the extent of water quality exceeding the standards. When water quality indicators approach or exceed the standard limits, the main pollution sources are identified, and corresponding prevention and control plans are formulated based on the pollution sources.

[0061] Based on the above technical solution, S5 specifically displays the water quality analysis results through a visual interface, which includes a computer terminal and a mobile terminal. When a certain indicator in the water quality analysis results exceeds the set warning threshold, a first-level warning response is triggered in a timely manner. When the first-level warning response is triggered, the management personnel are notified through an audible and visual warning, and the analysis result data is notified to the operation and maintenance personnel through an SMS notification.

[0062] If a certain indicator in the water quality analysis results reaches the alarm threshold, a level two alarm will be triggered in a timely manner. When the level two alarm response is triggered, the analysis result data will be pushed to the environmental protection supervision platform, and the water sample will be retained at the same time.

[0063] Based on the above technical solution, S5 also needs to integrate the monitoring points, sampling time, detection time, water quality parameters, and toxicity detection results involved in the water sampling process into the water quality information of the tested water sample.

[0064] By linking water quality information with early warning and alarm information, when water quality analysis results trigger early warnings and alarms, the water quality information can be promptly combined with the early warnings and alarms to quickly obtain the current water quality information of the water body, so as to provide key information for subsequent emergency response and realize rapid emergency response to sudden pollution events.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring method for toxicity analysis of water pollutants, characterized in that: The operational process of real-time monitoring and analysis enables rapid and accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of toxic pollutants in water bodies, achieving real-time and precise monitoring of the toxicity of water pollutants and timely risk warnings. This includes the following steps: S1, On-site sampling equipment is deployed to collect water samples; S2, preliminary pretreatment of water samples; S3, Toxicity analysis and detection of water pollutants; S4, Analyze and interpret the results data; S5 provides timely warnings based on the analysis results.

2. The real-time monitoring method for water pollutant toxicity analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 involves deploying sampling equipment on-site in the aquatic environment to complete water sampling of the current water body, including the deployment of sampling equipment and on-site water sample collection; The deployment of sampling equipment is based on the environmental characteristics and pollution risk of the target water area to determine suitable monitoring points. When determining the monitoring points, it is necessary to select important channels, different depths, typical locations, and near pollution sources in the water body. After determining the monitoring points, water sampling equipment is installed at each monitoring point. The water sampling equipment uses a pump suction method for sampling, specifically a submersible pump or a peristaltic pump. On-site water sampling involves using water sampling equipment deployed at various monitoring points to extract water samples from each monitoring point at regular intervals and in quantitative quantities. This ensures that the collected water samples are representative. Furthermore, a filtration structure needs to be installed on the sampling pipeline. The filtration structure uses a 1µm microporous membrane for filtration to initially remove large suspended particles with a particle size greater than 1µm.

3. The real-time monitoring method for water pollutant toxicity analysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, during the sampling process, the sampling pipeline is made of inert material and is kept in a low-temperature environment by maintaining the temperature below 4°C. After obtaining the water sample, it needs to be sealed in a container to preserve the water quality sample and sent to the laboratory for subsequent testing within 1 hour.

4. The real-time monitoring method for toxicity analysis of water pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: S2 refers to the targeted pretreatment of water samples before they enter the detection and analysis stage. In the specific pretreatment process, a pre-filter is first used to remove large particulate impurities from the water. Then, a precision filter is used to perform precision filtration of the water to trap colloids and microorganisms and avoid interfering with subsequent test results. Furthermore, a solid-phase extraction column is used for selective adsorption, and the target pollutants are desorbed and concentrated by combining the eluent.

5. A real-time monitoring method for toxicity analysis of water pollutants according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, after the water sample has been pretreated, if the pH of the water sample fluctuates greatly, it is necessary to adjust the pH value of the water sample by injecting an acidic or alkaline solution to maintain the pH of the water sample at 6.5-7.

5. Finally, the water sample is placed in a sealed container and a fixative and preservative are added to preserve the water sample.

6. The real-time monitoring method for toxicity analysis of water pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 method involves detecting and analyzing the toxicity of water pollutants in the pretreated water sample using detection methods. In the specific detection and analysis process, the detection methods are divided into biological detection and chemical detection based on the detection principle. Biological detection uses model organisms or biomolecules as recognition elements. In the specific detection process, the luminescence intensity of luminescent bacteria is negatively correlated with the toxicity of pollutants. When toxic substances are present in a water sample, the metabolism of luminescent bacteria is inhibited, and the luminescence value decreases. The changes in luminescence intensity are collected in real time by a photoelectric sensor and compared with a blank control of a standard solution without pollutants. The toxicity index is evaluated by calculating the inhibition rate. When the inhibition rate is >50%, it is determined to be toxic, thus realizing a rapid assessment of the comprehensive toxicity of the water sample. Chemical detection is based on signal changes from specific chemical reactions to determine toxicity. It uses specific recognition materials to modify the electrode surface. When the target pollutant binds to the recognition site, the electrode potential or current changes. By recording the signal changes and combining them with a standard curve, quantitative analysis can be achieved.

7. A real-time monitoring method for toxicity analysis of water pollutants according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, after testing the water sample through biological and chemical detection, the test results are converted into digital signals by an analog-to-digital converter, and the digital signals are transmitted to the edge computing terminal for further processing.

8. A real-time monitoring method for toxicity analysis of water pollutants according to claim 7, characterized in that: S4, the result analysis is a necessary condition for judging the toxicity of water pollutants. It aims to assess the toxicity of specific pollutants in water based on the water pollutant toxicity analysis and detection results of water sample data. After the edge computing terminal obtains the result data, it needs to calculate the mean of the result data. By statistically averaging the result data within a specific time interval, the average result data is compared and analyzed with the background sample data to judge the pollution status of the water body detection results. Furthermore, the average results data are compared with the current water quality standards. The comparison results are used to determine whether the water body exceeds the standard. When the water quality index is close to or exceeds the standard limit, the pollution source is identified, and corresponding prevention and control plans are formulated based on the pollution source.

9. A real-time monitoring method for toxicity analysis of water pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, S5 displays the water quality analysis results through a visual interface, and when a certain indicator in the water quality analysis results exceeds the set warning threshold, a first-level warning response is triggered in a timely manner. When the first-level warning response is triggered, the management personnel are notified through an audible and visual warning, and the analysis result data is notified to the operation and maintenance personnel through an SMS notification. If a certain indicator in the water quality analysis results reaches the alarm threshold, a level two alarm will be triggered in a timely manner. When the level two alarm response is triggered, the analysis result data will be pushed to the environmental protection supervision platform, and the water sample will be retained at the same time.

10. A real-time monitoring method for toxicity analysis of water pollutants according to claim 9, characterized in that: S5 also requires integrating the monitoring points, sampling time, detection time, water quality parameters, and toxicity detection results involved in the water sampling process into the water quality information of the tested water sample; By linking water quality information with early warning and alarm information, when water quality analysis results trigger early warnings and alarms, the water quality information can be promptly combined with the early warnings and alarms to quickly obtain the current water quality information of the water body.

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