Waveguide antenna test switching structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a waveguide antenna test switching structure, and relates to the field of vehicle-mounted radars. According to the technical scheme, the waveguide antenna test switching structure comprises first to fourth structural members, the first structural member is provided with a double-ridge waveguide interface, the second structural member is provided with a first rectangular waveguide channel in butt joint with the double-ridge waveguide interface, and the third structural member is provided with a second rectangular waveguide channel in butt joint with the double-ridge waveguide interface. The fourth structural member is provided with a polarization conversion junction in butt joint with the second rectangular waveguide channel and a WR12 waveguide interface communicated with the polarization conversion junction. Under the condition, the switching structure is convenient to assemble, and when the incident port is fixed, a vertically crossed antenna interface can be measured by means of the polarization conversion junction without complex adjustment; the switching structure is low in transmission loss and good in matching performance, and ensures that signals are stable and complete; the switching structure can test different antenna interfaces, improve consistency, greatly reduce errors caused by interface differences, and ensure test accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle-mounted radar technology, and in particular to a waveguide antenna test adapter structure. Background Technology

[0002] In the design of vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar waveguide antennas, the double-ridge waveguide structure, with its compact size and ultra-wide operating bandwidth, has become the core choice for the radiation interface of radio frequency chips. It shoulders the key mission of efficiently transmitting the high-frequency signals processed by the chip to the waveguide antenna, which directly affects the detection accuracy and response speed of the radar system.

[0003] However, the design of existing adapter boards has significant bottlenecks. To accommodate the screw mounting structure of standard waveguide test interfaces, a large amount of space must be reserved for fixing, forcing the chip radiation interfaces to be led out in all directions. This dispersed layout not only results in significant differences in the physical path length of each transmission channel, causing non-negligible delay and loss deviations when the signal is transmitted in different channels, thus introducing additional test errors and affecting the accuracy of radar performance parameter measurements; more importantly, each time a test channel is switched, the fixing screws need to be repeatedly disassembled and reinstalled, which is not only cumbersome but may also cause a decrease in interface alignment accuracy due to mechanical stress, significantly extending the test cycle and severely restricting the batch testing efficiency and industrial production progress of radar modules. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waveguide antenna test adapter structure to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A waveguide antenna test adapter structure includes: The first structural component has a double-ridge waveguide interface; The second structural component has a first rectangular waveguide channel that is connected to the double-ridged waveguide interface; The third structural component is provided with a second rectangular waveguide channel that is connected to the double-ridge waveguide interface; The fourth structural component includes a polarization conversion junction connected to the second rectangular waveguide channel, and a WR12 waveguide interface connected to the polarization conversion junction; and A WR12 waveguide, which is connected to the WR12 waveguide interface, or the second rectangular waveguide channel, or the first rectangular waveguide channel; The first structural component, the second structural component, the third structural component, and the fourth structural component all have screw mounting holes for fixing.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the first rectangular waveguide channel and the second rectangular waveguide channel have the same structure, both being rectangular tapered structures, with the tapering direction being from the first structural member toward the WR12 waveguide.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the long side of the first rectangular waveguide channel is set along a first direction, and the long side of the second rectangular waveguide channel is set along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0008] In one possible implementation, a plurality of first metal pillars are provided on the side of the second structural member away from the WR12 waveguide, and the plurality of first metal pillars are periodically arranged on the outer periphery of the first rectangular waveguide channel.

[0009] In one possible implementation, a plurality of second metal pillars are provided on the side of the third structural member away from the WR12 waveguide, and the plurality of second metal pillars are periodically arranged on the outer periphery of the second rectangular waveguide channel.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the long side of the polarization conversion junction is equal to the long side of the WR12 waveguide interface, and the wide side of the polarization conversion junction is equal to the long side of the first rectangular waveguide channel and the second rectangular waveguide channel.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the dual-ridge waveguide interface includes a plurality of first ridge waveguide interfaces disposed along a first direction and a plurality of second ridge waveguide interfaces disposed along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0012] In one possible implementation, multiple first ridge waveguide interfaces are arranged alternately with multiple second ridge waveguide interfaces.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the number of both the first ridge waveguide interface and the second ridge waveguide interface is four.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this invention include at least the following: This technical solution includes first to fourth structural components. The first structural component has a double-ridge waveguide interface, the second structural component has a first rectangular waveguide channel connected to the double-ridge waveguide interface, the third structural component has a second rectangular waveguide channel connected to the double-ridge waveguide interface, and the fourth structural component has a polarization conversion junction connected to the second rectangular waveguide channel and a WR12 waveguide interface connected to the polarization conversion junction. In this configuration, firstly, the assembly process of this waveguide antenna test adapter structure is convenient and efficient. While ensuring the incident port position is fixed, testing of vertically crossed antenna interfaces can be completed using the polarization conversion junction without complex adjustments. Secondly, this waveguide antenna test adapter structure has extremely low transmission loss and excellent matching performance, effectively ensuring the stability and integrity of signal transmission. Thirdly, different antenna interfaces can be tested using this waveguide antenna test adapter structure, significantly improving test consistency and greatly reducing errors caused by interface differences during testing, providing strong support for the accuracy of test results. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a waveguide antenna test adapter structure provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first structural component of the waveguide antenna test adapter structure provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0018] Figure 3 A perspective view of the second structural component of the waveguide antenna test adapter structure provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 4 The diagram shows a perspective view of the third and fourth structural components of the waveguide antenna test adapter structure provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the metal column of the waveguide antenna test adapter structure provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the structure of a waveguide antenna test adapter structure provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention after the removal of the third and fourth structural components.

[0022] Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the test vertical polarization corresponding to the structure.

[0023] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the structure of a waveguide antenna test adapter structure provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention after the second and fourth structural components have been removed.

[0024] Figure 9 It shows Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the test level polarization corresponding to the structure.

[0025] Figure 10 It shows Figure 6 Structure and Figure 8 S-parameter diagram of the structure.

[0026] Figure 11 This diagram illustrates the structure of a waveguide antenna test adapter structure provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention after the second structural component has been removed.

[0027] Figure 12 It shows Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the test vertical polarization to horizontal polarization corresponding to the structure.

[0028] Figure 13 It shows Figure 10 S-parameter diagram of the structure.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. First structural component; 1-1. Double-ridge waveguide interface; a1. First ridge waveguide interface; b1. Second ridge waveguide interface; 2. Second structural component; 2-1. First rectangular waveguide channel; 2-2. First metal pillar; 3. Third structural component; 3-1. Second rectangular waveguide channel; 3-2. Second metal pillar; 4. Fourth structural component; 4-1. WR12 waveguide interface; 4-2. Polarization conversion junction; 5. Screw mounting hole; 6. WR12 waveguide. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In this specification, identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, while the terms "bottom surface," "top surface," "inner," and "outer" refer to directions towards or away from a specific component. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this specification, "multiple" means two or more.

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] See Figures 1 to 4 The waveguide antenna test adapter structure includes: a first structural component 1, which has a double-ridge waveguide interface 1-1; a second structural component 2, which has a first rectangular waveguide channel 2-1 connected to the double-ridge waveguide interface 1-1; a third structural component 3, which has a second rectangular waveguide channel 3-1 connected to the double-ridge waveguide interface 1-1; and a fourth structural component 4, which has a polarization conversion junction 4-2 connected to the second rectangular waveguide channel 3-1, and a WR12 waveguide interface connected to the polarization conversion junction 4-2. 4-1; and WR12 waveguide 6, which is connected to WR12 waveguide interface 4-1, or second rectangular waveguide channel 3-1, or first rectangular waveguide channel 2-1; wherein, the first structural component 1, the second structural component 2, the third structural component 3, and the fourth structural component 4 are all provided with screw mounting holes 5 for fixing; polarization conversion junction 4-2 is used to convert the electromagnetic wave from the vertical polarization mode of the input port (WR12 waveguide interface 4-1) to the horizontal polarization mode of the output port (double ridge waveguide interface 1-1).

[0034] In this embodiment, the polarization conversion junction can convert the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave input from the WR12 waveguide interface into a horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave output from the double-ridge waveguide interface, thus adapting to the vertically crossed antenna interface without adjusting the entrance position, achieving efficient testing.

[0035] For details, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first rectangular waveguide channel 2-1 and the second rectangular waveguide channel 3-1 have the same structure, both being rectangular gradually expanding structures, with the gradient direction from the first structural component 1 towards the WR12 waveguide 6. The long side of the first rectangular waveguide channel 2-1 is set along the first direction, and the long side of the second rectangular waveguide channel 3-1 is set along the second direction, with the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular to each other.

[0036] In this embodiment, the rectangular tapered structure of the first and second rectangular waveguide channels reduces reflection and loss during electromagnetic wave transmission, improving signal integrity. Their long sides are perpendicular to each other, adapting to signal transmission requirements with different polarization directions.

[0037] For more details, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 and Figure 5 On the side of the second structural component 2 away from the WR12 waveguide 6, a plurality of first metal pillars 2-2 are also provided, and the plurality of first metal pillars 2-2 are periodically arranged on the outer periphery of the first rectangular waveguide channel 2-1. On the side of the third structural component 3 away from the WR12 waveguide 6, a plurality of second metal pillars 3-2 are also provided, and the plurality of second metal pillars 3-2 are periodically arranged on the outer periphery of the second rectangular waveguide channel 3-1.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, the periodically arranged metal pillars can form an electromagnetic barrier, suppressing electromagnetic wave interference outside the channel and enhancing the directionality and stability of signal transmission.

[0039] Specifically, see Figure 4 The long side l1 of polarization conversion junction 4-2 is equal to the long side l1 of WR12 waveguide interface 4-1, and the wide side l2 of polarization conversion junction 4-2 is equal to the long side l2 of the first rectangular waveguide channel 2-1 and the second rectangular waveguide channel 3-1. Optionally, l1 and l2 may or may not be equal.

[0040] In the embodiments of this application, the long side of the polarization conversion junction is equal to the long side of the WR12 waveguide interface, and the wide side is equal to the long side of the two rectangular waveguide channels. This size matching design can reduce reflection and loss during electromagnetic wave transmission and ensure efficient signal transmission.

[0041] More specifically, see Figure 2 The dual-ridge waveguide interface 1-1 includes multiple first ridge waveguide interfaces a1 arranged along a first direction and multiple second ridge waveguide interfaces b1 arranged along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. The multiple first ridge waveguide interfaces a1 and multiple second ridge waveguide interfaces b1 are arranged alternately.

[0042] In one example, there are four first ridge waveguide interfaces a1 and four second ridge waveguide interfaces b1.

[0043] In the embodiments of this application, the two types of ridge waveguide interfaces arranged alternately in two directions can be adapted to signals with different polarization directions, and can simultaneously meet the output requirements of horizontal and vertical polarization signals. Testing can be performed without adjusting the interface direction, thereby improving testing efficiency and compatibility.

[0044] Effect test: Figure 6This diagram illustrates the structure of the waveguide antenna test adapter structure provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention after the removal of the third and fourth structural components. Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the test vertical polarization corresponding to the structure shows that the first structural component 1 and the second structural component 2 are screwed together through the 5-a hole of the screw mounting hole 5. The WR12 waveguide 6 is fixed at the first rectangular waveguide channel 2-1 of the second structural component 2. At this time, the four first ridge waveguide interfaces a1 in the first direction can be tested.

[0045] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the structure of the waveguide antenna test adapter structure provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention after the second and fourth structural components have been removed. Figure 9 It shows Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the test horizontal polarization corresponding to the structure shows that the first structural component 1 and the third structural component 3 are screwed together through the 5-b hole of the screw mounting hole 5. The WR12 waveguide 6 is fixed at the second rectangular waveguide channel 3-1 of the third structural component 3. At this time, the four second ridge waveguide interfaces b1 in the second direction can be tested.

[0046] Figure 10 It shows Figure 6 Structure and Figure 8 The S-parameter plot of the structure shows that S(1,1) and S(2,2) represent the return loss at the input port (first rectangular waveguide channel 2-1 / second rectangular waveguide channel 3-1) and the output port (double-ridge waveguide interface 1-1), respectively, while S(2,1) represents the signal transmission loss. It can be seen that within the 74–81 GHz range, the return loss is ≤-20 dB and the transmission loss is ≤0.12 dB. Both signal reflection (return loss) and attenuation (transmission loss) along the two paths are at extremely low levels, indicating that the structure maintains stable and efficient signal transmission performance in tests conducted under different polarization directions.

[0047] Figure 11 This diagram illustrates the structure of the waveguide antenna test adapter structure provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention after the second structural component has been removed. Figure 12 It shows Figure 10 The schematic diagram corresponding to the test of vertical polarization to horizontal polarization shows that the first structural component 1, the third structural component 3, and the fourth structural component 4 are screwed together through the 5-c position of the screw mounting hole 5. The WR12 waveguide 6 is fixed to the WR12 waveguide interface 4-1 of the fourth structural component 4. This test is performed by removing the second structural component and fixing the first, third, and fourth structural components together to form a transmission path that includes polarization conversion function. The WR12 waveguide is connected to the WR12 waveguide interface of the fourth structural component. After the signal changes its polarization direction through the polarization conversion junction, it is transmitted through the second rectangular waveguide channel of the third structural component to the second ridge waveguide interface of the first structural component in the second direction, thereby verifying the polarization conversion performance.

[0048] Figure 13 It shows Figure 10 The S-parameter plot of the structure shows that S(1,1) and S(2,2) represent the return loss of the input port (WR12 waveguide interface 4-1) and the output port (dual-ridge waveguide interface 1-1), respectively, while S(2,1) represents the signal transmission loss. It can be seen that within the 74–81 GHz range, the return loss is ≤-20 dB and the transmission loss is ≤0.13 dB. Both signal reflection (return loss) and attenuation (transmission loss) are at extremely low levels, indicating that this combination can stably achieve the conversion from vertical to horizontal polarization, with high transmission efficiency and good matching, meeting the requirements for transpolarization testing.

[0049] It is worth mentioning that if antenna pattern testing is required, the following methods should be used respectively. Figure 6 Structure and Figure 11 The structure is used to test the radiation patterns of the four first ridge waveguide interfaces a1 in the first direction and the four second ridge waveguide interfaces b1 in the second direction. The two combinations are matched with the signal transmission paths of the interfaces in different directions to ensure the relevance and accuracy of the radiation pattern test.

[0050] In summary, this technical solution includes first to fourth structural components. The first structural component has a double-ridge waveguide interface, the second structural component has a first rectangular waveguide channel connected to the double-ridge waveguide interface, the third structural component has a second rectangular waveguide channel connected to the double-ridge waveguide interface, and the fourth structural component has a polarization conversion junction connected to the second rectangular waveguide channel and a WR12 waveguide interface connected to the polarization conversion junction. In this configuration, firstly, the assembly process of this waveguide antenna test adapter structure is convenient and efficient. While ensuring the incident port position is fixed, testing of vertically intersecting antenna interfaces can be completed using the polarization conversion junction without complex adjustments. Secondly, this waveguide antenna test adapter structure has extremely low transmission loss and excellent matching performance, effectively ensuring the stability and integrity of signal transmission. Thirdly, different antenna interfaces can be tested using this waveguide antenna test adapter structure, significantly improving test consistency and greatly reducing errors caused by interface differences during testing, providing strong support for the accuracy of test results.

[0051] In the embodiments disclosed in this invention, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments disclosed in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waveguide antenna test adapter structure, characterized in that, include: The first structural component (1) has a double-ridge waveguide interface (1-1). The second structural component (2) has a first rectangular waveguide channel (2-1) that is connected to the double-ridge waveguide interface (1-1). The third structural component (3) is provided with a second rectangular waveguide channel (3-1) that is connected to the double-ridge waveguide interface (1-1). The fourth structural component (4) is provided with a polarization conversion junction (4-2) connected to the second rectangular waveguide channel (3-1), and a WR12 waveguide interface (4-1) connected to the polarization conversion junction (4-2); and WR12 waveguide (6), which is connected to the WR12 waveguide interface (4-1), or the second rectangular waveguide channel (3-1), or the first rectangular waveguide channel (2-1); The first structural member (1), the second structural member (2), the third structural member (3), and the fourth structural member (4) all have screw mounting holes (5) for fixing.

2. The waveguide antenna test adapter structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rectangular waveguide channel (2-1) and the second rectangular waveguide channel (3-1) have the same structure, both being rectangular gradually expanding structures, with the gradient direction being from the first structural component (1) toward the WR12 waveguide (6).

3. The waveguide antenna test adapter structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The long side of the first rectangular waveguide channel (2-1) is set along the first direction, and the long side of the second rectangular waveguide channel (3-1) is set along the second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

4. The waveguide antenna test adapter structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the side of the second structural member (2) away from the WR12 waveguide (6), a plurality of first metal pillars (2-2) are also provided, and the plurality of first metal pillars (2-2) are periodically arranged on the outer periphery of the first rectangular waveguide channel (2-1).

5. The waveguide antenna test adapter structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the side of the third structural member (3) away from the WR12 waveguide (6), a plurality of second metal pillars (3-2) are provided, and the plurality of second metal pillars (3-2) are periodically arranged on the outer periphery of the second rectangular waveguide channel (3-1).

6. The waveguide antenna test adapter structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The long side of the polarization conversion junction (4-2) is equal to the long side of the WR12 waveguide interface (4-1), and the wide side of the polarization conversion junction (4-2) is equal to the long side of the first rectangular waveguide channel (2-1) and the second rectangular waveguide channel (3-1).

7. The waveguide antenna test adapter structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-ridge waveguide interface (1-1) includes a plurality of first ridge waveguide interfaces (a1) arranged along a first direction and a plurality of second ridge waveguide interfaces (b1) arranged along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

8. The waveguide antenna test adapter structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, Multiple first ridge waveguide interfaces (a1) and multiple second ridge waveguide interfaces (b1) are arranged alternately.

9. The waveguide antenna test adapter structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of the first ridge waveguide interface (a1) and the second ridge waveguide interface (b1) are both four.

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