Fault detection method, fault detection device and fault detection system for standby battery

Abstract

The invention provides a fault detection method, a fault detection device and a fault detection system for a standby battery. The fault detection method comprises the following steps: establishing a fault feature database according to historical fault data; acquiring basic parameters of the standby battery, and performing feature extraction on the basic parameters to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector; matching the four-dimensional feature vector with historical fault data in a fault feature database to generate a fault type tag; and the fault type label is reported to the vehicle-mounted diagnosis system through the CAN bus, and the fault type label is uploaded to the cloud platform through the cellular module. The technical problems that in the prior art, the fault reason of the standby battery is detected only through the voltage threshold value, when faults caused by other reasons occur, the fault reason of the standby battery needs to be detected manually, and time and labor are wasted are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle-mounted telematics control technology, and more specifically, to a fault detection method, a fault detection device, and a fault detection system for a backup battery. Background Technology

[0002] As automobiles transform from traditional transportation tools into intelligent mobile terminals, the demand for vehicle intelligence and connectivity is growing. The in-vehicle telematics control unit (TVC), as a crucial component of the vehicle-to-everything (V2X) system, receives information from devices within the vehicle and transmits it to external systems via mobile cellular networks. The TVC was developed to address the information exchange between vehicles and external networks, and its functions include wireless tracking, diagnostics, and communication. It supports various application scenarios such as vehicle-to-cloud, vehicle-to-vehicle, and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. Furthermore, it works closely with other vehicle systems, such as infotainment systems, to enhance the user experience.

[0003] The backup battery module in the vehicle telematics control unit is crucial, especially in cases where the main power is damaged in a traffic accident. It can be used to make emergency calls and save lives.

[0004] However, the relevant technology has at least one of the following problems: the existing technology only detects the cause of backup battery failure by voltage threshold. When failure is caused by other reasons, manual detection of the cause of backup battery failure is required, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is that the existing technology only detects the cause of backup battery failure by voltage threshold. When failures are caused by other reasons, manual detection of the cause of backup battery failure is required, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a fault detection method for a backup battery. The backup battery powers an onboard T-box. The fault detection method includes: establishing a fault feature database based on historical fault data; collecting basic parameters of the backup battery and extracting features from these parameters to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector; matching the four-dimensional feature vector with historical fault data in the fault feature database to generate a fault type label; reporting the fault type label to the onboard diagnostic system via a CAN bus and uploading it to a cloud platform via a cellular module; wherein the basic parameters include voltage, temperature, current, and internal resistance; and the four-dimensional feature vector includes voltage deviation, internal resistance change rate, temperature gradient, and current RMS.

[0007] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by this technical solution are as follows: Compared with existing technologies that only detect the cause of backup battery failure by voltage threshold, this invention analyzes and judges backup battery failure by internal resistance change rate, temperature gradient, and current RMS, and can detect multiple types of failure causes; by establishing a fault feature database and extracting features from the basic parameters of the backup battery to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector, and matching the four-dimensional feature vector with historical fault data in the fault feature database, the fault type label of the backup battery can be accurately generated.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, basic parameters of the backup battery are collected, and feature extraction is performed on the basic parameters to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector. This includes: collecting the basic parameters of the backup battery according to a collection time interval; calculating a threshold at the actual temperature based on the actual temperature and a baseline parameter at a preset temperature; comparing the threshold with the basic parameters to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector; the calculation of the threshold satisfies the following formula 1: Formula 1 is: ;in, For temperature coefficient, This is the difference between the actual temperature and the preset temperature.

[0009] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by adopting this technical solution are as follows: by adjusting the threshold in real time according to the difference between the actual temperature and the preset temperature, the fault detection becomes more adaptable to different temperature environments, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of fault detection.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the code structure of the fault type label includes a first-level code, a second-level code, and a third-level code; wherein, the first-level code is the fault category, the second-level code is the fault subcategory, and the third-level code is the fault cause and priority.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by adopting this technical solution are as follows: By adopting a hierarchical code structure, the code structure is refined into fault categories, subcategories, causes, and priorities, making fault type labels clearer and easier for maintenance personnel to quickly locate faults and take corresponding measures, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of fault handling.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fault detection method further includes: dynamic priority management of fault type labels, including: determining whether the fault type label is a permanent fault; if the fault type label is determined to be a permanent fault, locking the fault type label and sending forced processing information.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by adopting this technical solution are as follows: by determining whether the fault type label is a permanent fault, locking the fault type label, and sending forced processing information, permanent faults can be handled in a timely and effective manner, preventing the fault from deteriorating further and ensuring the safe operation of the vehicle.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, dynamic priority management of fault type labels further includes: if the fault type label is determined to be a temporary fault, and the number of times the fault label is triggered in the first time exceeds a preset number, then the fault type label is upgraded to a permanent fault.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by adopting this technical solution are: upgrading frequently triggered temporary faults into permanent faults, which can attract the attention of maintenance personnel, enabling them to thoroughly investigate and deal with the faults in a timely manner, preventing temporary faults from accumulating into more serious faults, and improving the reliability and safety of the vehicle.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fault detection method further includes: if the four-dimensional feature vector is abnormal and the historical fault data in the fault data feature database cannot match the four-dimensional feature vector, then the four-dimensional feature vector is uploaded to the cloud platform and feedback information is obtained from the cloud platform; a fault type label is generated based on the feedback information; and the fault type label is updated to the fault feature database.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by adopting this technical solution are as follows: by uploading the four-dimensional feature vector of anomalies to the cloud platform to obtain feedback information, and generating fault type labels based on the feedback information and updating them to the fault feature database, abnormal data can be processed in a timely and accurate manner, the fault feature database can be enriched, the fault detection system can be continuously updated, and the adaptability and accuracy of the fault detection system can be improved.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a fault detection device for a backup battery. The fault detection device is connected to the backup battery and includes: a temperature sensor disposed on the surface of the backup battery for detecting the temperature of the backup battery; a current ripple detection circuit connected in series to the output terminal of the backup battery for detecting transient current fluctuations of the backup battery; and an internal resistance detection module, one end of which is connected to the input terminal of the backup battery and the other end of which is connected to the output terminal.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by this solution are as follows: the detection device, composed of a temperature sensor, a current ripple detection circuit, and an internal resistance detection module, can accurately measure parameters such as the temperature, transient current fluctuation, and internal resistance of the backup battery, providing more accurate data support for fault detection and improving the accuracy of fault detection.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fault detection device further includes: a first power supply, which supplies power to the backup battery through a first circuit; a second power supply, which supplies power to the backup battery through a second circuit; the first circuit and the second circuit are connected in parallel; wherein, when the first power supply is working, the second power supply is in a dormant state; when the first power supply fails, the second power supply is activated.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by this solution are as follows: By using a dual power supply in parallel, the second power supply is in a dormant state when the first power supply is working, and the second power supply is activated when the first power supply fails, thus ensuring a stable power supply for the fault detection system and improving the system's reliability and stability.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first power supply is the vehicle's main power supply; the second power supply includes a button battery.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by adopting this technical solution are as follows: using the vehicle's main power supply as the primary power source and the button battery as the secondary power source, it makes full use of the stability of the vehicle's main power supply and the compact size of the button battery. This ensures a stable power supply for the fault detection system during normal vehicle operation and allows for a quick switch to button battery power supply when the vehicle's main power supply fails, ensuring the continuous operation of the system.

[0024] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a fault detection system for a backup battery, capable of implementing the fault detection method as described in any of the above examples. The fault detection system includes: a construction module, used to establish a fault feature database based on historical fault data; a collection module, used to collect basic parameters of the backup battery and extract features from the basic parameters to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector; a processing module, used to match the four-dimensional feature vector with historical fault data in the fault feature database to generate a fault type label; and a feedback module, used to report the fault type label to the on-board diagnostic system via the CAN bus and upload the fault type label to the cloud platform via the cellular module.

[0025] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by adopting this technical solution are as follows: it can achieve the technical effects corresponding to any of the above examples, which will not be elaborated here.

[0026] By adopting the technical solution of the present invention, the following technical effects can be achieved: (1) Compared with the prior art, which only detects the fault cause of the backup battery by voltage threshold, the present invention analyzes and judges the fault of the backup battery by internal resistance change rate, temperature gradient and current RMS, and can detect the fault causes of various types; by establishing a fault feature database and extracting features from the basic parameters of the backup battery to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector, the four-dimensional feature vector is matched with the historical fault data in the fault feature database to accurately generate the fault type label of the backup battery; (2) Through dynamic threshold adjustment, the threshold of the basic parameters can be adjusted in real time according to the difference between the actual temperature and the preset temperature, making fault detection more adaptable to different temperature environments and improving the accuracy and reliability of fault detection. (3) A hierarchical code structure is adopted, which refines the code structure into fault categories, subcategories, causes and priorities, making the fault type labels clearer and easier for maintenance personnel to quickly locate faults and take corresponding measures, thus improving the efficiency and accuracy of fault handling. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a fault detection method for a backup battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the module connection of a backup battery fault detection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Fault detection system; 10. Construction module; 20. Data acquisition module; 30. Processing module; 40. Feedback module. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a link, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] See Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a fault detection method for a backup battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the present invention provides a fault detection method for a backup battery used to power an onboard T-box, and the fault detection method includes: S100: Establish a fault characteristic database based on historical fault data; S200: Collects basic parameters of the backup battery and extracts features from the basic parameters to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector; S300: Match the four-dimensional feature vector with historical fault data in the fault feature database, and perform hierarchical processing using a forest random model to generate fault type labels; S400: Dynamic priority management of fault type labels; S500: Reports fault type labels to the on-board diagnostic system via the CAN bus and uploads the fault type labels to the cloud platform via the cellular module; The basic parameters include voltage, temperature, current, and internal resistance; the four-dimensional feature vector includes voltage deviation, rate of change of internal resistance, temperature gradient, and current RMS.

[0033] Furthermore, the fault type labels are hierarchically stratified using a forest random model.

[0034] Furthermore, based on specific examples, if the temperature is stable at 25℃, the current does not change significantly, the voltage fluctuation is less than 2%, and the internal resistance suddenly increases, then it is determined that the resistor plate is sulfided.

[0035] Based on specific embodiments, the four-dimensional feature vectors obtained after feature extraction of the basic parameters are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1. Calculation methods and examples of four-dimensional feature vectors Furthermore, compared to existing technologies that only detect backup battery faults through voltage thresholds, this invention analyzes and judges backup battery faults through internal resistance change rate, temperature gradient, and current RMS, which can improve the accuracy of fault detection. By establishing a fault feature database and extracting features from the basic parameters of the backup battery to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector, and matching the four-dimensional feature vector with historical fault data in the fault feature database, the fault type label of the backup battery can be accurately generated.

[0036] Preferably, the basic parameters of the backup battery are collected, and feature extraction is performed on the basic parameters to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector, including: collecting the basic parameters of the backup battery according to the collection time interval; calculating the threshold at the actual temperature based on the actual temperature and the baseline parameters at the preset temperature; comparing the threshold with the basic parameters to obtain the four-dimensional feature vector; the calculation of the threshold satisfies the following formula 1: Formula 1 is: ;in, For temperature coefficient, This is the difference between the actual temperature and the preset temperature.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the baseline parameters of the backup battery at a preset temperature of 25°C are (4V, 10Ω, 25°C, 0.5A). At an actual temperature of 75°C, Taking 0.005 / ℃, the calculated threshold is (5V, 12.5Ω, 75 degrees, 0.625A); the acquisition time interval is 10ms, and the acquired basic parameters are (5.1V, 25.5Ω, 75 degrees, 0.7A), and the obtained four-dimensional feature vector is (0.1, (25.5Ω-12.5Ω) / 10ms=1.3, 0, 0.2); there is a set of faults with sudden increase in internal resistance (0.1, 1.2, 0.2, 0.2) in the fault feature database, which is identified as a fault with a sharp increase in internal resistance after comparison.

[0038] Furthermore, by adjusting the threshold in real time based on the difference between the actual temperature and the preset temperature, the fault detection becomes more adaptable to different temperature environments, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of fault detection.

[0039] Preferably, the code structure of the fault type label includes a first-level code, a second-level code, and a third-level code; wherein, the first-level code is the fault category, the second-level code is the fault subcategory, and the third-level code is the fault cause and priority.

[0040] The code structure, in conjunction with specific implementation examples, is shown in Table 2 below: Table 2 Code Structure Furthermore, a hierarchical code structure is adopted, which refines the code structure into fault categories, subcategories, causes, and priorities. This makes the fault type labels clearer and easier for maintenance personnel to quickly locate faults and take corresponding measures, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of fault handling.

[0041] Preferably, the fault detection method further includes: dynamic priority management of fault type labels, including: determining whether the fault type label is a permanent fault; if the fault type label is determined to be a permanent fault, locking the fault type label and sending forced processing information.

[0042] Furthermore, by determining whether the fault type label is a permanent fault, locking the fault type label, and sending a forced processing message, permanent faults can be handled in a timely and effective manner, preventing the fault from worsening and ensuring the safe operation of the vehicle.

[0043] Preferably, dynamic priority management of fault type labels also includes: if the fault type label is determined to be a temporary fault, and the number of times the fault label is triggered in the first time exceeds a preset number, then the fault type label is upgraded to a permanent fault.

[0044] Furthermore, the first time is ten minutes, and the preset number of attempts is three.

[0045] Furthermore, upgrading frequently triggered temporary faults to permanent faults can attract the attention of maintenance personnel, enabling them to thoroughly investigate and handle the faults in a timely manner, preventing temporary faults from accumulating into more serious ones, and improving the reliability and safety of the vehicle.

[0046] Preferably, the fault detection method further includes: if the four-dimensional feature vector is abnormal and the historical fault data in the fault data feature database cannot match the four-dimensional feature vector, then the four-dimensional feature vector is uploaded to the cloud platform and feedback information is obtained from the cloud platform; a fault type label is generated based on the feedback information; and the fault type label is updated to the fault feature database.

[0047] Furthermore, by uploading the four-dimensional feature vectors of anomalies to the cloud platform to obtain feedback information, and generating fault type labels based on the feedback information and updating them to the fault feature database, abnormal data can be processed in a timely and accurate manner, enriching the fault feature database, enabling the fault detection system to be continuously updated, and improving the adaptability and accuracy of the fault detection system.

[0048] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a fault detection device for a backup battery. The fault detection device is connected to the backup battery and includes: a temperature sensor disposed on the surface of the backup battery for detecting the temperature of the backup battery; a current ripple detection circuit connected in series to the output terminal of the backup battery for detecting transient current fluctuations of the backup battery; and an internal resistance detection module, one end of which is connected to the input terminal of the backup battery and the other end of which is connected to the output terminal.

[0049] Furthermore, the detection device, composed of a temperature sensor, a current ripple detection circuit, and an internal resistance detection module, can accurately measure parameters such as the temperature, transient current fluctuation, and internal resistance of the backup battery, providing more accurate data support for fault detection and improving the accuracy of fault detection.

[0050] Preferably, the fault detection device further includes: a first power supply, which supplies power to the backup battery through a first circuit; a second power supply, which supplies power to the backup battery through a second circuit; the first circuit and the second circuit are connected in parallel; wherein, when the first power supply is working, the second power supply is in a dormant state; when the first power supply fails, the second power supply is activated.

[0051] Furthermore, there is a first power supply that supplies power to the backup battery through a first circuit; and a second power supply that supplies power to the backup battery through a second circuit; the first circuit and the second circuit are connected in parallel; wherein, when the first power supply is working, the second power supply is in a dormant state; and when the second power supply fails, the second power supply is activated.

[0052] Preferably, the first power source is the vehicle's main power supply; the second power source includes a button battery.

[0053] Furthermore, by using the vehicle's main power supply as the primary power source and the button battery as the secondary power source, the system fully leverages the stability of the vehicle's main power supply and the compact size of the button battery. This ensures a stable power supply for the fault detection system during normal vehicle operation and allows for a quick switch to button battery power when the vehicle's main power supply fails, thus ensuring the system's continuous operation.

[0054] On the other hand, see Figure 2The present invention also provides a fault detection system for a backup battery, which can implement the fault detection method as described in any of the above examples. The fault detection system 100 includes: a construction module 10, a data acquisition module 20, a processing module 30, and a feedback module 40. The construction module 10 is used to establish a fault feature database based on historical fault data. The data acquisition module 20 is used to acquire basic parameters of the backup battery and extract features from the basic parameters to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector. The processing module 30 is used to match the four-dimensional feature vector with historical fault data in the fault feature database to generate a fault type label. The feedback module 40 is used to report the fault type label to the on-board diagnostic system via the CAN bus and upload the fault type label to the cloud platform via the cellular module.

[0055] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for fault detection of a backup battery, characterized in that, The backup battery is used to power the vehicle-mounted T-box, and the fault detection method includes: Establish a fault characteristic database based on historical fault data; The basic parameters of the backup battery are collected, and features are extracted from the basic parameters to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector; The four-dimensional feature vector is matched with the historical fault data in the fault feature database to generate fault type labels; The fault type label is reported to the on-board diagnostic system via the CAN bus, and uploaded to the cloud platform via the cellular module; The basic parameters include voltage, temperature, current, and internal resistance; the four-dimensional feature vector includes voltage deviation, internal resistance change rate, temperature gradient, and current RMS.

2. The fault detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of collecting basic parameters of the backup battery and extracting features from these parameters to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector includes: The basic parameters of the backup battery are collected according to the collection time interval; The threshold at the actual temperature is calculated based on the actual temperature and the reference parameters at the preset temperature. The threshold is compared with the basic parameters to obtain the four-dimensional feature vector; The threshold is calculated according to the following formula 1: Formula 1 is: ; in, For temperature coefficient, The difference between the actual temperature and the preset temperature.

3. The fault detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The code structure of the fault type label includes first-level code, second-level code, and third-level code; The first-level code represents the fault category, the second-level code represents the fault subclass, and the third-level code represents the fault cause and priority.

4. The fault detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fault detection method further includes: Dynamic priority management of the fault type labels includes: Determine whether the fault type label is a permanent fault; If the fault type label is determined to be a permanent fault, the fault type label is locked and a forced processing message is sent.

5. The fault detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dynamic priority management of the fault type labels also includes: If the fault type label is determined to be a temporary fault, and the number of times the fault label is triggered exceeds a preset number within a first time period, then the fault type label is upgraded to the permanent fault.

6. The fault detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fault detection method further includes: If the four-dimensional feature vector indicates a data anomaly, and the historical fault data in the fault data feature library cannot match the four-dimensional feature vector, then the four-dimensional feature vector is uploaded to the cloud platform and feedback information from the cloud platform is obtained. The fault type label is generated based on the feedback information; Update the fault type label to the fault feature database.

7. A fault detection device for a backup battery, wherein the fault detection device is connected to the backup battery, characterized in that, include: A temperature sensor is disposed on the surface of the backup battery for detecting the temperature of the backup battery; A current ripple detection circuit is connected in series to the output terminal of the backup battery to detect transient current fluctuations in the backup battery. An internal resistance detection module, one end of which is connected to the input terminal of the backup battery, and the other end of which is connected to the output terminal.

8. The fault detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fault detection device further includes: The first power supply supplies power to the backup battery through a first circuit; The second power supply supplies power to the backup battery through a second circuit; The first circuit and the second circuit are connected in parallel; When the first power supply is working, the second power supply is in a sleep state; when the first power supply fails, the second power supply is activated.

9. The fault detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first power source is the vehicle's main power supply; The second power source includes a button cell battery.

10. A fault detection system for a backup battery, characterized in that, The fault detection system, capable of implementing the fault detection method as described in any one of claims 1-6, comprises: The construction module is used to establish a fault feature database based on historical fault data; The acquisition module is used to acquire the basic parameters of the backup battery and extract features from the basic parameters to obtain a four-dimensional feature vector. The processing module is used to match the four-dimensional feature vector with the historical fault data in the fault feature database to generate fault type labels; The feedback module is used to report the fault type label to the on-board diagnostic system via the CAN bus and upload the fault type label to the cloud platform via the cellular module.

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