Wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment and control method thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of multi-range rainfall technology.The equipment comprises a first range tipping bucket for first range counting, a first count being generated when the first range tipping bucket is overturned; a second range tipping bucket located below the first range tipping bucket, the second range tipping bucket being used for second range counting; a second count being generated when the second range tipping bucket is overturned; and a counting module for storing counting data; when rainfall is calculated, the first range tipping bucket and the second range tipping bucket count simultaneously, and the first count of the first range tipping bucket is cleared in the case that the second range tipping bucket completes a second count, otherwise the first range tipping bucket continues to count.Through the present application, the problem that the range of a small range sensor is small, the resolution of a large range sensor is insufficient, and the selection of a multi-range sensor is difficult is solved, and the resolution of rainfall measurement and the compatibility of different rainfall ranges are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of multi-range rainfall calculation, and in particular, to a wide-range high-precision rainfall device and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The tipping bucket rain gauge is an automatic rainfall measuring instrument widely used in the field of meteorology and hydrology.

[0003] The conventional structure has multiple tipping buckets, however, when calculating rainfall, the existing multiple tipping bucket structure either includes multiple range rainfall data in the calculation regardless of the actual rainfall size, or manually selects the range, either of which results in small range sensor rainfall intensity range being small, large range sensor resolution being insufficient, and multiple range sensor range selection being difficult. SUMMARY

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a wide-range high-precision rainfall device and a control method thereof to at least solve the problem that strong resolution and high precision cannot be met simultaneously under different precipitation conditions in the related art.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present application, a wide-range high-precision rainfall device is provided, comprising:

[0006] A first range tipping bucket for first range counting, the first range tipping bucket generating a first count when it is tipped over;

[0007] A second range tipping bucket below the first range tipping bucket, the second range tipping bucket for second range counting, the second range tipping bucket generating a second count when it is tipped over;

[0008] A counting module for storing counting data;

[0009] When calculating rainfall, the first range tipping bucket and the second range tipping bucket count simultaneously, and in the case that the second range tipping bucket completes a second count, the first count of the first range tipping bucket is cleared, otherwise the first range tipping bucket continues to count.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment, the first range tipping bucket and the inner wall of the second range tipping bucket are coated with a nano self-cleaning layer.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, a buffer tipping bucket is further included, the buffer tipping bucket being above the first range tipping bucket, rainwater falling into the first range tipping bucket after being buffered by the buffer tipping bucket.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the side bucket mouth of the buffer tipping bucket is provided with a flow converging mouth.

[0013] In an example embodiment, a water collecting hopper is arranged below the first range hopper, and a flow collecting groove is arranged in the water collecting hopper.

[0014] In an example embodiment, a connecting seat and a collecting funnel are further included, the collecting funnel is arranged above the buffer funnel, a limiting block is arranged on the outer wall of the funnel mouth of the collecting funnel, the connecting seat is arranged with a mounting sleeve mouth on one side of the collecting funnel, a vertical insertion slot and a ring slot connected with the bottom of the insertion slot are arranged on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve mouth, and the limiting block is inserted into the insertion slot, and the collecting funnel is rotated to fix the collecting funnel.

[0015] In an example embodiment, a water collecting hopper is arranged below the first range hopper, and a flow collecting groove is arranged in the water collecting hopper.

[0016] In an example embodiment, the water collecting hopper is arranged with at least two water collecting hoppers, and the water collecting hoppers are arranged with flow baffles on opposite sides.

[0017] According to another embodiment of the present application, a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment control method is provided, which comprises:

[0018] When the rainfall is calculated, the first range hopper and the second range hopper are counted simultaneously, and the first count of the first range hopper is cleared when the second count of the second range hopper is completed, otherwise the first range hopper continues to count.

[0019] In an example embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0020] A sequence of flip time corresponding to multiple flips of the first range hopper is obtained;

[0021] Based on the sequence of flip time, a series of event occurrence rates of the first range hopper are determined;

[0022] Based on the series of event occurrence rates, a dynamic calibration coefficient for correcting the target rainfall is determined by using a preset measurement event response spectrum model;

[0023] The target rainfall is corrected by using the dynamic calibration coefficient to obtain the final rainfall.

[0024] Through the application, since the first count value is cleared, the interference of other ranges can be avoided when calculating the rainfall, and the range selection is not needed, so the calculation accuracy and efficiency are improved, the resolution is good in the case of small rainfall, and the calculation accuracy is high in the case of large rainfall, so the problem of low rainfall calculation accuracy can be solved, and the resolution in the case of small rainfall and the rainfall calculation accuracy in the case of large rainfall are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment according to an embodiment of the application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment according to an embodiment of the application after removing an outer cylinder;

[0027] Figure 3 is a sectional schematic diagram of a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment according to an embodiment of the application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a first-range tipping bucket assembly in a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment according to an embodiment of the application;

[0029] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a second-range tipping bucket assembly in a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment according to an embodiment of the application;

[0030] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a buffer tipping bucket assembly in a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment according to an embodiment of the application;

[0031] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a first-range tipping bucket in a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment according to an embodiment of the application;

[0032] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a water collecting tipping bucket in a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment according to an embodiment of the application;

[0033] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a second-range tipping bucket in a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment according to an embodiment of the application;

[0034] Figure 10 is a local structural schematic diagram of a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment according to an embodiment of the application;

[0035] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a buffer tipping bucket in a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment according to an embodiment of the application;

[0036] Figure 12This is a partial structural diagram of the collecting funnel in a wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals: 100, outer cylinder; 200, rainwater collection assembly; 201, water container; 2011, outward-facing edging; 2012, filter screen; 202, collection funnel; 2021, filter plate; 2022, limiting block; 2023, buffer ramp; 300, first-range tipping bucket assembly; 301, first-range tipping bucket; 3011, first baffle; 3012, third protrusion; 3013, first rotating shaft; 302. 3021. Water collecting bucket; 3022. Water collecting inlet; 3023. Baffle plate; 3024. Second rotating shaft; 3025. First protrusion; 3026. First magnet; 3027. First sensing element; 303. Collecting funnel; 304. First limiting component; 305. Second limiting component; 400. Second measuring range tipping bucket assembly; 401. Second measuring range tipping bucket; 4011. Second baffle; 4012. 4013. Second protrusion; 4014. Third rotating shaft; 4015. Second magnet; 4016. Second sensing element; 402. Drainage funnel; 403. First water collection tank; 404. Third limiting component; 500. Buffer tipping bucket assembly; 501. Buffer tipping bucket; 5011. Third baffle; 5012. Guide slope; 5013. Guide channel; 502. Water collection funnel; 503. Second water collection tank; 504. Fourth limiting component Components; 600, Support body; 601, Connecting seat; 6011, Mounting sleeve; 6012, Slot; 6013, Annular groove; 602, First mounting plate; 603, First rotating seat; 604, Second mounting plate; 605, Second rotating seat; 606, Third mounting plate; 607, Third rotating seat; 700, Counting module; 800, Cylinder base; 801, Seat plate; 802, Support foot; 803, Level. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0039] In the following description, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0040] In addition, in the present application, the orientation terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like can include, but are not limited to, the orientation defined by the relative placement of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, which are used for relative description and clarification, and can be changed accordingly according to the change of the placement of the components in the drawings.

[0041] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, "connection" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. In addition, the term "coupling" can be an electrical connection mode for realizing signal transmission.

[0042] As used herein, "about", "approximately", or "around" includes the stated value and the average value within an acceptable deviation range of the specific value, wherein the acceptable deviation range is determined by the person of ordinary skill in the art considering the measurement being discussed and the error related to the measurement of the specific quantity (i.e., the limitation of the measurement system).

[0043] As Figures 1-3 As shown in the drawings, the present application provides a wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment, which comprises an outer cylinder 100 and a rainwater collecting assembly 200, a first range tipping bucket assembly 300, and a second range tipping bucket assembly 400 arranged from top to bottom in the outer cylinder 100. The rainwater collecting assembly 200 is used to collect and deliver the collected rainwater into the first range tipping bucket assembly 300. After receiving the rainwater of the first range capacity, the first range tipping bucket assembly 300 is flipped and performs the first range counting to form a first count. The second range tipping bucket assembly 400 receives the rainwater flipped from the first range tipping bucket assembly 300 and is flipped after receiving the rainwater of the second range capacity and performs the second range counting to form a second count. In the present scheme, the second range capacity is greater than the first range capacity. Preferably, the first range capacity is 0.1 ml, and the second range capacity is 0.5 ml. The rainfall equipment further comprises a counting module 700 for storing the data of the first count and the second count. When calculating the rainfall, the first range counting and the second range counting are performed simultaneously, and the first count of the first range tipping bucket 301 is cleared in the case that the second range tipping bucket 401 completes a second counting, otherwise the first range tipping bucket 301 continues to count.

[0044] Specifically, the rainwater collecting device, the first range tipping bucket assembly 300, and the second range tipping bucket assembly 400 are jointly installed on a support body 600, wherein, as shown in the drawings, Figure 3As shown, the rainwater collecting device comprises a water container 201 and a collecting funnel 202, the water container 201 is fixed on the top of the support main body 600 through a support seat and is in sealing connection with the upper end opening of the outer cylinder 100, in the present scheme, the top of the water container 201 has an outward turning edge 2011 structure, the upper end opening of the outer cylinder 100 is inserted into the outward turning edge 2011 structure to form a sealing connection, so as to ensure that all the rainwater enters the outer cylinder 100 from the water container 201, the bottom of the water container 201 has a funnel-shaped outlet, the collecting funnel 202 is fixed on the support main body 600 through a connecting seat 601 and is located below the funnel-shaped outlet of the water container 201, for collecting the rainwater collected by the water container 201, the bottom of the collecting funnel 202 has a first flow outlet, the inner diameter of the first flow outlet is smaller than that of the funnel-shaped outlet, for preliminarily buffering the rainwater flow, the water container 201 is detachably provided with a filter screen 2012, and the collecting funnel 202 is detachably provided with a filter plate 2021, for primary and secondary filtering of the rainwater.

[0045] The support main body 600 is provided with a first mounting plate 602 for mounting the first range tipping bucket assembly 300 and a second mounting plate 604 for mounting the second range tipping bucket assembly 400, wherein, as shown in Figure 4 As shown, the first range tipping bucket assembly 300 comprises a first range tipping bucket 301, a water collecting tipping bucket 302 and a collecting funnel 303 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the first range tipping bucket 301 and the water collecting tipping bucket 302 are installed above the first mounting plate 602 through a first rotating seat 603, and the collecting funnel 303 is detachably installed below the first mounting plate 602 through a bolt, as shown in Figure 7 As shown, the first range tipping bucket 301 is divided into two equal first working cavities through a first baffle 3011, the middle part is rotationally connected with the first rotating seat 603 through a first rotating shaft 3013, as shown in Figure 8 As shown, the middle part of the water collecting tipping bucket 302 is rotationally connected with the rotating seat through a second rotating shaft 3024, and the two ends of the water collecting tipping bucket 302 are provided with water collecting hoppers 3021 corresponding to the first working cavities, the bottom of the water collecting hopper 3021 is provided with a water collecting guide opening 3022, and the first mounting plate 602 is provided with a water collecting and flowing inlet corresponding to the water collecting guide opening 3022, any one first working cavity of the first range tipping bucket 301 is turned over after collecting the first range capacity of rainwater, the rainwater flows into the corresponding water collecting hopper 3021 from the first working cavity, the water collecting tipping bucket 302 is turned over, the rainwater enters the water collecting and flowing inlet from the water collecting guide opening 3022 and is collected in the collecting funnel 303, and the rainwater is transported to the second range tipping bucket assembly 400.

[0046] As shown in Figure 5As shown, the second range tipping bucket assembly 400 comprises a second range tipping bucket 401 and a drainage funnel 402, the second range tipping bucket 401 is installed above the second mounting plate 604 via a second rotating seat 605, and the drainage funnel is detachably installed below the second mounting plate 604 via a bolt, as shown Figure 9 As shown, the second range tipping bucket 401 is divided into left and right equal second working cavities via a second baffle 4011, the middle part is rotationally connected with the second rotating seat 605 via a third rotating shaft 4013, the second mounting plate 604 is provided with a drainage collection inlet corresponding to the second working cavity, and any one of the second working cavities of the second range tipping bucket 401 is overturned after collecting the second range capacity of rainwater, the rainwater is collected into the drainage collection inlet and then collected in the drainage funnel 402 and discharged out of the outer cylinder 100.

[0047] In order to prevent rainwater from splashing out when the first range tipping bucket 301 and the second range tipping bucket 401 are overturned, the outer side of the water collecting bucket 3021 has a water collecting cavity surrounded by a flow baffle 3023, a first water collecting tank 403 is fixed above the drainage collection inlet, the first water collecting tank 403 is provided with an inclined opening on the side facing the second range tipping bucket 401, and the inclined opening has a movement space allowing the second range tipping bucket 401 to overturn; in order to ensure the water guiding effect of the water collecting bucket 3021, the inner surface of the water collecting bucket 3021 has a flow collecting groove (not shown in the figure), and the flow collecting groove has a groove bottom structure inclined downward in the direction of the water collecting guide 3022.

[0048] The middle part of the water collecting tipping bucket 302 has a first protruding part 3025, the first protruding part 3025 is provided with a first magnetic steel 3026, the bracket body 600 is provided with a first sensing element 3027, the first sensing element 3027 cooperates with the first magnetic steel 3026 to perform first range counting, the middle part of the second range tipping bucket 401 has a second protruding part 4012, the second protruding part 4012 is provided with a second magnetic steel 4014, and the bracket body 600 is provided with a second sensing element 4015, the second sensing element 4015 cooperates with the second magnetic steel 4014 to perform second range counting, in the present scheme, the first sensing element 3027 and the second sensing element 4015 are both reed switches, and the installation positions thereof are located on the central axial surface of the central axis of the water collecting tipping bucket 302 and the second range tipping bucket 401, and the corresponding reed switches will have a connection signal converted into a disconnection signal every time the water collecting tipping bucket 302 / second range tipping bucket 401 is overturned, thereby forming one counting.

[0049] The first range tipping bucket assembly 300 further comprises a first limiting component 304 and a second limiting component 305, the first limiting component 304 is used to adjust the turning angle of the first range tipping bucket 301 when it is turned over, and the second limiting component 305 is used to adjust the turning angle of the water collecting tipping bucket 302 when it is turned over, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the first range tipping bucket assembly 300 under the first range capacity. Specifically, the middle part of the first range tipping bucket 301 has a third protruding part 3012, and the first limiting component 304 is two, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third protruding part 3012. Each first limiting component 304 comprises a first fixed nut and a first adjusting screw. The first fixed nut is fixed on the support body 600, and the first adjusting screw is threadedly connected with the first fixed nut. The ends of the two first adjusting screws are arranged opposite to each other in the horizontal direction. By screwing in or out each first adjusting screw, the movement gap of the third protruding part 3012 between the two first adjusting screws is adjusted, so as to adjust the turning angle of the first range tipping bucket 301. The second limiting component 305 is two, symmetrically arranged below the water collecting bucket 3021 with the axis of the second rotating shaft 3024 as the axis of symmetry. Each second limiting component 305 comprises a second fixed nut and a second adjusting screw. The second fixed nut is fixed on the first mounting plate 602, and the first mounting plate 602 has a through hole in communication with the second fixed nut. The second adjusting screw is threadedly connected with the second fixed nut, and the upper end of the second adjusting screw has a protruding limiting part abutting with the bottom of the water collecting bucket 3021. By screwing in or out the second adjusting screw, the movement gap of the water collecting bucket 3021 at both ends of the water collecting tipping bucket 302 is adjusted, so as to adjust the turning angle of the water collecting tipping bucket 302.

[0050] The second range tipping bucket assembly 400 comprises a third limiting component 404 which is the same as the first limiting component 304. The third limiting component 404 is arranged on both sides of the second protruding part 4012. By changing the movement gap of the second protruding part 4012 between the two adjusting screw parts of the third limiting component 404, the turning angle of the second range tipping bucket 401 is adjusted.

[0051] Further preferably, the inner wall of the first range tipping bucket 301 and the second range tipping bucket 401 is coated with a nano self-cleaning layer, specifically a silicon dioxide nano coating, so that the inner wall of the tipping bucket forms a super-hydrophobic surface, thereby ensuring that rainwater can be completely excluded from the corresponding working cavity when the tipping bucket is turned over, without attachment, improving the precision of the metering.

[0052] As Figure 6As shown, the rainwater collection device further comprises a buffer tipping bucket assembly 500 located between the rainwater collection assembly 200 and the first range tipping bucket assembly 300, for buffering the rainwater collected by the rainwater collection assembly 200, so that the natural precipitation of different intensities can be continuously and uniformly injected into the first range tipping bucket assembly 300. Specifically, the buffer tipping bucket assembly 500 comprises a buffer tipping bucket 501 and a water collecting funnel 502. The buffer tipping bucket 501 is installed above the third mounting plate 606 through a third rotating seat 607, and the water collecting funnel 502 is detachably installed below the third mounting plate 606 through a bolt. The buffer tipping bucket 501 is divided into two third working cavities of equal size by a third baffle 5011. The buffer tipping bucket 501 is rotationally connected to the third rotating seat 607 through a fourth rotating shaft, and the third mounting plate 606 is provided with a water inlet corresponding to the third working cavity. The range capacity of the buffer tipping bucket 501 for overturning is the same as that of the first range tipping bucket 301. Therefore, after the buffer tipping bucket 501 collects the first range capacity of rainwater in any third working cavity and overturns, the rainwater flows into the water inlet and is collected in the water collecting funnel 502. The bottom of the water collecting funnel 502 is provided with a second flow outlet, and the rainwater flows to the first range tipping bucket 301 through the second flow outlet after buffering in the water collecting funnel 502, and the rainwater is measured.

[0053] Similarly, in order to prevent splashing when the rainwater flows into the water collecting funnel 502 from the buffer tipping bucket 501, a second water collecting tank 503 is fixed above the water inlet. The second water collecting tank 503 is provided with a diagonal cutout on the side facing the buffer tipping bucket 501, and the diagonal cutout has a movement space allowing the buffer tipping bucket 501 to overturn.

[0054] The buffer tipping bucket assembly 500 further comprises a fourth limiting component 504 for limiting the overturning angle of the buffer tipping bucket 501. The structure of the fourth limiting component 504 is the same as that of the first limiting component 304. The middle part of the buffer tipping bucket 501 is fixed with a fourth protruding part, and the fourth limiting component 504 is arranged on both sides of the fourth protruding part. By changing the movement gap of the fourth protruding part between the two adjusting screws of the fourth limiting component 504, the overturning angle of the buffer tipping bucket 501 can be adjusted.

[0055] In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the rainwater collection device further comprises a second range tipping bucket assembly 400 located between the rainwater collection assembly 200 and the buffer tipping bucket assembly 500, for buffering the rainwater collected by the rainwater collection assembly 200, so that the natural precipitation of different intensities can be continuously and uniformly injected into the buffer tipping bucket assembly 500. Specifically, the second range tipping bucket assembly 400 comprises a second range tipping bucket 401 and a water collecting funnel 402. The second range tipping bucket 401 is installed above the second mounting plate 406 through a second rotating seat 407, and the water collecting funnel 402 is detachably installed below the second mounting plate 406 through a bolt. The second range tipping bucket 401 is divided into two second working cavities of equal size by a second baffle 4011. The second range tipping bucket 401 is rotationally connected to the second rotating seat 407 through a fifth rotating shaft, and the second mounting plate 406 is provided with a water inlet corresponding to the second working cavity. The range capacity of the second range tipping bucket 401 for overturning is the same as that of the first range tipping bucket 301. Therefore, after the second range tipping bucket 401 collects the first range capacity of rainwater in any second working cavity and overturns, the rainwater flows into the water inlet and is collected in the water collecting funnel 402. The bottom of the water collecting funnel 402 is provided with a first flow outlet, and the rainwater flows to the buffer tipping bucket 501 through the first flow outlet after buffering in the water collecting funnel 402, and the rainwater is measured. Figure 2As shown, the cylinder base 800 is detachably installed at the bottom of the outer cylinder 100, the entire support body 600 is installed on the cylinder base 800, specifically, the second mounting plate 604 of the support body 600 is fixedly connected with the cylinder base 800, the drainage funnel 402 penetrates downward out of the cylinder base 800, the outer edge of the cylinder base 800 is provided with seat plates 801 in the circumferential direction, each seat plate 801 is provided with a supporting leg 802, the supporting leg 802 is a threaded fastener, the threaded fastener is rotatably arranged on the seat plate 801 and can be adjusted up and down, specifically, the number of the seat plates 801 is three, and they are arranged at an angle of 120° between each other, and the cylinder base is also provided with a level 803, by adjusting the height of each supporting leg 802, the bubble of the level 803 is in the middle, so that the installation and leveling work of the rain gauge device is completed.

[0056] When the rain gauge device is used for measurement, rainwater enters the collecting funnel 202 through the water reservoir 201, and preliminary buffering and collection are completed, and after the buffering hopper 501 is turned over, the rainwater enters the water collecting funnel 502, and secondary buffering and collection are completed, and the rainwater flows into any first working cavity of the first range hopper 301 through the second converging outlet of the water collecting funnel 502, and reaches the first range capacity (i.e. 0.1 ml), the first range hopper 301 is turned over, the rainwater enters the corresponding water collecting hopper 3021, and drives the water collecting hopper 302 to turn over, the reed tube of the first sensing element 3027 generates a switching signal to form a first count, and the rainwater is collected in the collecting funnel 303 and flows into any second working cavity of the second range hopper 401, in this process, with the turning action of the water collecting hopper 302, the first count is accumulated and increased, when the rainwater in the second working cavity reaches the second range capacity (i.e. 0.5 ml), the second range hopper 401 is turned over, the reed tube of the second sensing element 4015 generates a switching signal to form a second count, and the counting module 700 performs zero clearing processing on the first count, and the first count starts to count again, the above process is repeated, and finally the accumulated value N2 of the second count and the accumulated value N1 of the first count are obtained, and the weight of the precipitation is H, (Formula 1); it should be noted that by zero clearing the first count, the device can automatically select the range regardless of the amount of rainfall, that is, when the amount of rainfall is small, the first count will not be zero, and N2 is 0 without triggering the hopper turning over, so only the count of N1 needs to be obtained to determine the amount of rainfall, and for the same reason, when the amount of rainfall is large, N1 will be repeatedly cleared, so as to avoid the interference of N2 or N1 data, greatly improve the rainfall calculation accuracy, and at the same time, there is no need for staff to select the range, reducing the labor consumption and avoiding errors caused by manual selection of the range.

[0057] The following will be described by specific examples.

[0058] Suppose in a continuous monitoring process, the following events and count value changes are recorded. The time is in seconds, from start:

[0059] The bucket flips over by 0.1mm for the first time. At this time, N1=1 and N2=0.

[0060] The bucket flips over for the second time by 0.1mm. At this point, N1=2 and N2=0.

[0061] The bucket flips for the third time by 0.1mm. At this point, N1=3 and N2=0.

[0062] The bucket flips for the fourth time by 0.1mm. At this point, N1=4 and N2=0.

[0063] The bucket flips for the fifth time by 0.1mm. At this point, N1=5 and N2=0.

[0064] Immediately afterwards, the 0.5mm tipping bucket rotates. At this point, N2 is detected to change from 0 to 1, and N1 is simultaneously set from 5 to 0. At this point, N1=0 and N2=1.

[0065] The sixth 0.1mm tipping action (this is the first after the 0.5mm tipping action). At this time, N1=1, N2=1. If in If the target rainfall is calculated once, then mm, and so on.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] The difference from Example 1 is that, as Figure 10 As shown, to facilitate the installation of the collecting funnel 202, a limiting block 2022 is provided on the outer wall of the funnel opening of the collecting funnel 202. The connecting seat 601 has an installation sleeve 6011 on the side near the collecting funnel 202. The inner wall of the installation sleeve 6011 has a vertical slot 6012 and an annular groove 6013 communicating with the bottom of the slot 6012. The annular groove 6013 is circumferentially opened along the inner wall of the installation sleeve 6011 and extends away from the slot 6012. During installation, the limiting block 2022 is first inserted into the slot 6012. When it reaches the bottom of the slot 6012, the collecting funnel 202 is rotated, causing the limiting block 2022 to slide along the annular groove 6013, thus fixing the collecting funnel 202. The annular groove 6013 and the limiting block 2022 are interference-fitted.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] The difference from Example 1 is that, as Figure 11As shown, the buffer tipping bucket 501 is provided with a guide slope 5012, and a guide groove 5013 is opened on the surface of the guide slope 5012. The side of the guide slope 5012 near the buffer tipping bucket 501 is lower than the other side. On the one hand, the guide slope 5012 and the guide groove 5013 can further buffer the rainwater. On the other hand, since one end of the guide slope 5012 is higher than the other end, the rainwater can fall into the water collection funnel 502 more quickly.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] The difference from Example 1 is that, as Figure 12 As shown, the inner wall of the collection funnel 202 is also provided with a buffer slope 2023. Multiple buffer slopes 2023 are provided. When rainwater falls into the collection funnel, the buffer slope 2023 can initially buffer the rainwater and reduce the impact of the rainwater falling into the buffer tipping bucket 501.

[0072] Example 5

[0073] This application also provides a method for controlling a wide-area, high-precision rainfall measurement device, including:

[0074] Step S11: Obtain the first count value of the first range tipping bucket corresponding to the first rainfall amount in the first time period, and obtain the second count value of the second range tipping bucket corresponding to the second rainfall amount in the first time period, wherein the second rainfall amount is greater than the first rainfall amount, wherein the second rainfall amount is 0.5ml, and the first rainfall amount is the aforementioned 0.1ml;

[0075] Step S12: Determine whether the second count value of the second range tipping bucket has increased during the first time period;

[0076] Step S13: In response to the increment of the second count value, the first count value of the first range tipping bucket is reset to zero and recounted;

[0077] Step S14: Determine the target rainfall amount based on the first count value and the second count value after recounting.

[0078] In this embodiment, when calculating rainfall, the first and second range tipping buckets are counted simultaneously. When the second range tipping bucket completes a second count, the first count of the first range tipping bucket is reset to zero. Otherwise, the first range tipping bucket continues to count. Finally, the rainfall is calculated based on the first and second count values ​​(i.e., the aforementioned formula 1).

[0079] Example 6

[0080] In an optional embodiment, to further improve the accuracy of rainfall calculation, the method further includes:

[0081] Step S15, obtaining a sequence of turnover time corresponding to multiple turnovers of the first range tipping bucket;

[0082] Step S16, determining a series of event occurrence rates of the first range tipping bucket based on the sequence of turnover time;

[0083] Step S17, determining a dynamic calibration coefficient for correcting the target rainfall amount based on the series of event occurrence rates and using a preset measurement event response spectrum model;

[0084] Step S18, correcting the target rainfall amount using the dynamic calibration coefficient to obtain a final rainfall amount.

[0085] In the present embodiment, in order to achieve a deep calibration beyond simple counting, a time dimension is introduced in this step. The processing module not only records the number of turnovers of the first range tipping bucket, but also accurately records the time stamp of each turnover event. These time stamps constitute a sequence of turnover time wherein is the absolute time or relative time of the i-th turnover.

[0086] Obtaining the time sequence is the basis for all subsequent dynamic analysis. The accuracy of the time stamp is crucial to the analysis result, so the system usually uses a time resolution of millisecond (ms) level for recording. These time stamp information is stored in the memory of the processing module, forming a dynamically updated queue or list.

[0087] After obtaining the sequence of turnover time, the core task of the processing module is to calculate the event occurrence rate. The event occurrence rate is a key indicator representing the instantaneous change of rainfall intensity. In the present embodiment, a series of instantaneous event occurrence rates are calculated. Among them, the i-1-th instantaneous event occurrence rate is determined based on the time interval between the i-th turnover and the i-1-th turnover, and the specific calculation formula is: The physical meaning of this value is the number of turnovers per unit time, and its dimension is (for example, Hz or times / second). A high event occurrence rate corresponds to a short turnover interval, indicating a large instantaneous rain intensity; on the contrary, a low event occurrence rate corresponds to light rain or rainfall interval.

[0088] By this step, the original, discrete tipping events are transformed into a continuous, quantified event occurrence rate sequence. This sequence contains much more information than the original count values, as it not only reflects the total amount of rainfall, but more importantly, it depicts the "morphology" and "rhythm" of the rainfall process. For example, a sequence of rapid, high occurrence rate events can be associated with a shower or a storm; while a sparse, low occurrence rate sequence corresponds to a drizzle. More importantly, atypical tipping caused by physical disturbances (such as gusts) will manifest as abnormal, isolated spikes or irregular fluctuations in this event occurrence rate sequence, which provides the possibility for subsequent identification and calibration.

[0089] For example, continue with the example in S100, and supplement it with millisecond-level timestamp information. Assume that the acquired tipping time sequence (unit: seconds) is: (Note that only the 0.1 mm tipping bucket's tipping event timestamps in the aforementioned example are used here). The processing module will calculate the event occurrence rate sequence based on this sequence:

[0090]

[0091]

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] The final generated event occurrence rate sequence is . This sequence clearly shows the dynamic process of rainfall intensity first increasing and then decreasing. If one of the tipping is caused by a gust, for example, a false tipping event is suddenly inserted between and , then the calculated and will be and . This abnormally high value of 1.9 Hz becomes a signal of an identifiable "nonlinear measurement disturbance".

[0096] Afterwards: Apply the measurement event response spectrum model for dynamic calibration.

[0097] In this step, the system no longer equates all 0.1 mm tipping events, but introduces a complex measurement event response spectrum model to the event occurrence rate sequence Analysis and interpretation are performed and a dynamic calibration factor is eventually generated to correct the target rainfall calculated in S100 .

[0098] The measurement event response spectrum model, in essence, is a pre-defined or learned function or rule set. It maps the input event occurrence rate to a corresponding calibration factor . The core idea of the model is that different event occurrence rate intervals correspond to different physical processes and signal reliabilities. Therefore, the model is internally divided into at least two types of intervals: effective response interval and invalid response interval.

[0099] The effective response interval (Effective Response Interval) covers the event occurrence rate range that is considered to represent real and stable rainfall processes. The event occurrence rates falling into this interval indicate that the corresponding tipping bucket flips are valid and reliable. Therefore, the calibration factor assigned to these events is usually close to 1.0, or slightly greater than 1.0 (to compensate for the possible slight loss at high rain intensity).

[0100] The invalid response interval (Invalid Response Interval) covers the event occurrence rate range that is considered to represent non-linear measurement disturbances (i.e. noise). For example, very low (close to 0) occurrence rates may correspond to false signals caused by instrument's own electronic noise or sensor drift; while very high (far beyond physical possibility) occurrence rates may correspond to false flips caused by gusts, severe vibrations or water droplet splashing. The events falling into this interval have very low reliability. Therefore, the calibration factor assigned to these events will be a strongly suppressive value, e.g. much less than 1.0, or even directly 0.

[0101] In specific implementation, the processing module will perform matching operation on each value in the event occurrence rate sequence to determine which interval it falls into, and accordingly query or calculate the corresponding calibration factor . After processing the entire sequence, the system will obtain a calibration factor sequence .

[0102] Subsequently, the processing module needs to aggregate this calibration factor sequence to generate a single dynamic calibration factor that acts on the entire measurement period. The aggregation method can be various, for example:

[0103] Average method: where m is the length of the sequence.

[0104] Weighted average method: Different calibration factors can be given different weights according to the magnitude of the event occurrence rate or other indicators.

[0105] Product method: , i.e. geometric mean.

[0106] In this embodiment, the average method is preferably used.

[0107] Finally, the generated dynamic calibration coefficient is used to correct the target rainfall obtained in S100 to obtain the final, depth-calibrated rainfall .

[0108] This final result will be significantly more accurate and reliable due to the elimination or suppression of the effects of nonlinear disturbances.

[0109] By way of example, assume that the pre-set measurement event response spectrum model is defined as follows:

[0110] Invalid response interval 1 (too low): . The corresponding calibration factor . This interval is used to suppress extremely low frequency noise caused by evaporation of residual water droplets under disturbance.

[0111] Valid response interval: . The corresponding calibration factor . This interval represents the normal rainfall range from drizzle to heavy rain.

[0112] Invalid response interval 2 (too high): . The corresponding calibration factor . This interval is used to suppress physically impossible high frequency flips caused by severe instrument vibration or direct splash of water droplets into the tipping bucket.

[0113] After the above construction is completed, this model can be applied to process the event occurrence rate sequence generated in S200 .

[0114] , which falls within the valid response interval, is assigned a calibration factor .

[0115] , which falls within the valid response interval, is assigned a calibration factor .

[0116] , which falls within the valid response interval, is assigned a calibration factor .​

[0117] falling in the valid response interval, a calibration factor is assigned .

[0118] falling in the valid response interval, a calibration factor is assigned . The generated calibration factor sequence is . Using the averaging method to aggregate, the dynamic calibration coefficient is . Assuming that the calculated in S100 is , the final rainfall is

[0119] Now consider an example that contains a disturbance. Assume the sequence is .

[0120]

[0121] falling in the valid response interval, (here it is assumed that 1.9 Hz is still in the valid interval).

[0122] Now assume that the model is more refined, and the invalid interval is defined as , then falling in the invalid interval, .

[0123]

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] The new calibration factor sequence is .

[0127] Aggregation results in .

[0128] The final rainfall is . This result effectively suppresses the exaggerated impact of that unusually high frequency event, making the measurement result closer to the true value.

[0129] The above merely provides specific implementations of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A wide-area high-precision rain gauge apparatus characterized by comprising: The application relates to a wide-range high-precision rainfall device, which comprises the following parts: a first range tipping bucket for first range counting, which generates a first count when the first range tipping bucket is overturned; a second range tipping bucket located below the first range tipping bucket, which is used for second range counting; the second range tipping bucket generates a second count when the second range tipping bucket is overturned; a counting module for storing counting data; In the process of rainfall calculation, the first range hopper and the second range hopper count simultaneously, and the first count of the first range hopper is cleared in the case that the second range hopper completes a second count, otherwise the first range hopper continues to count; the rainfall calculation formula is: Wherein, H is the total amount of precipitation, N1 is the cumulative value of the first count, and N2 is the cumulative value of the second count. wherein, after the total amount of rainfall is obtained, the method further comprises the following steps: a sequence of overturning time corresponding to multiple overturning of the first range tipping bucket is obtained; Based on the sequence of flip times, a series of event occurrence rates for the first range of the flipper is determined; the series of event occurrence rates is determined based on time intervals between the ith flip and the i-1th flip: , is the i-1th instantaneous event occurrence rate; a dynamic calibration coefficient for correcting the target rainfall is determined based on the series of event occurrence rates and a preset measurement event response spectrum model; wherein the measurement event response spectrum model performs a matching operation on each value in the series of event occurrence rates, judges the interval into which the value falls, and determines a corresponding calibration factor according to the interval; and the series of calibration factors is aggregated to obtain the dynamic calibration coefficient; The target rainfall is corrected by using the dynamic correction coefficient to obtain a final rainfall, wherein the final rainfall is calculated by the following formula: wherein, is the final rainfall, is the target rainfall, is the dynamic correction coefficient.

2. The wide-area high-precision rain gauge apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, the inner walls of the first range tipping bucket and the second range tipping bucket are coated with a nano self-cleaning layer.

3. The wide-area high-precision rain gauge apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, a buffer tipping bucket is further arranged above the first range tipping bucket, and rainwater is buffered by the buffer tipping bucket and then falls into the first range tipping bucket.

4. The wide-area high-precision rain gauge apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by, a flow converging port is arranged at a side of the buffer tipping bucket.

5. The wide-area high-precision rain gauge apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, a water collecting bucket is arranged below the first range tipping bucket, and a flow collecting groove is arranged in the water collecting bucket.

6. The wide-area high-precision rain gauge apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, a connecting seat and a collecting funnel are further arranged, the collecting funnel is arranged above the buffer funnel, a limiting block is fixed to the outer wall of a funnel port of the collecting funnel, a mounting sleeve port is arranged on one side of the connecting seat close to the collecting funnel, a vertical insertion slot and a ring groove connected with the bottom of the insertion slot are arranged in the inner wall of the mounting sleeve port, and the collecting funnel is fixed by rotating the collecting funnel after the limiting block is inserted into the insertion slot.

7. The wide-area high-precision rain gauge apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, a water collecting tipping bucket is arranged below the first range tipping bucket, a water collecting guide port is arranged at the end of the water collecting tipping bucket, rainwater enters the water collecting tipping bucket when the first range tipping bucket is overturned, and the rainwater flows to the second range tipping bucket through the water collecting guide port when the water collecting tipping bucket is overturned.

8. The wide-area high-precision rain gauge apparatus according to claim 7, characterized by, the water collecting tipping bucket is provided with at least two water collecting buckets, and a flow baffle is arranged on the side of the water collecting buckets facing each other.

9. A wide-area high-precision rain gauge device control method characterized by comprising: The application relates to a wide-range high-precision rainfall device, which comprises the following parts: In the process of rainfall calculation, the first range hopper and the second range hopper count simultaneously, and the first count of the first range hopper is cleared in the case that the second range hopper completes a second count, otherwise the first range hopper continues to count; wherein the rainfall calculation formula is: Wherein, H is the total amount of precipitation, N1 is the cumulative value of the first count, and N2 is the cumulative value of the second count. after the total amount of rainfall is obtained, the method further comprises the following steps: a sequence of overturning time corresponding to multiple overturning of the first range tipping bucket is obtained; Based on the sequence of rollover times, a series of event occurrence rates for the first range of the rollover are determined, the series of event occurrence rates determined based on a time interval between an i-th rollover and an i-1-th rollover: , is an i-1-th instantaneous event occurrence rate; a dynamic calibration coefficient for correcting the target rainfall is determined based on the series of event occurrence rates and a preset measurement event response spectrum model; wherein the measurement event response spectrum model performs a matching operation on each value in the series of event occurrence rates, judges the interval into which the value falls, and determines a corresponding calibration factor according to the interval; and the series of calibration factors is aggregated to obtain the dynamic calibration coefficient; The target rainfall is corrected by using the dynamic correction coefficient to obtain a final rainfall, wherein the final rainfall is calculated by the following formula: wherein, is the final rainfall, is the target rainfall, is the dynamic correction coefficient.

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