Automatic alignment method for transformer substation wave recording file

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic alignment method for transformer substation wave recording files, and relates to the field of transformer substations. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a protection device wave recording file and a fault wave recording file, and carrying out sampling frequency unified processing; obtaining fault point time of the protection device wave recording file and the fault wave recording file after sampling frequency unified processing, dividing a calculation interval, generating a protection device wave recording data set and a fault wave recording file data set after calculation interval calibration, further calculating an effective value sequence, and extracting a maximum value sequence from the effective value sequence; and through channel matching and a time axis synchronization algorithm, performing feature matching on the maximum value sequence of the protection device recording file after sampling frequency unified processing and the maximum value sequence of the fault recording file after calculation interval calibration so as to realize time axis alignment. The problems that a data channel and a data point cannot be directly aligned, and an existing alignment method is high in algorithm complexity and occupies more system resources are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of substations, and more particularly to an automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files. Background Technology

[0002] In substation operation monitoring and fault analysis, to accurately assess the power grid's operating status and the root causes of faults, it is typically necessary to synchronize the log files from different devices to a unified time dimension to achieve data alignment. Currently, when substation protection devices and fault recording equipment detect a power grid fault, they trigger the recording function and generate a fault recording file. Conventional time-stamp alignment methods rely on time synchronization devices to ensure that all devices are time-synchronized before extracting waveform data from the same time period in different files. Theoretically, this data should be consistent.

[0003] However, when timestamps become inconsistent due to time synchronization deviations or anomalies, the timestamps of the recorded files will be misaligned, rendering conventional time alignment methods inapplicable. To address the alignment problem of waveform recording files under asynchronous timestamps, some manufacturers have proposed algorithm-based solutions. However, these methods typically involve complex Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculations, resulting in high algorithm complexity and low alignment success rates. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files to solve problems such as timestamp synchronization errors, equipment heterogeneity, and channel correspondence. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files to address the following problems: In the event of errors or anomalies in the timing device, the recording files of protection devices and fault waveform recording devices from different manufacturers have inconsistent time stamps, leading to incompatibility between data channels and data points, thus affecting fault analysis under a unified clock; differences in fault calculation algorithms and the sensitivity of starting elements between devices from different manufacturers affect data consistency and analysis accuracy; the lack of clear correlation between channels and data between different devices leads to inaccurate alignment; and existing alignment methods involve a large amount of computation, such as Fast Fourier Transform, resulting in high algorithm complexity and high system resource consumption.

[0005] The present invention provides an automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file, and perform sampling frequency unification processing on the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file to obtain the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after sampling frequency unification processing. S2. Obtain the fault point time of the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed, divide the calculation interval, and generate the protection device waveform data set and the fault waveform data set; calibrate the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed based on the calculation interval, and generate the fault waveform file data set after the calculation interval is calibrated. S3. Based on the protection device waveform recording data set and the fault waveform recording data set after calculation interval calibration, calculate the effective value sequence and extract the maximum value sequence from it; S4. Using a channel matching and time axis synchronization algorithm, feature matching is performed on the maximum value sequence of the protection device waveform file after sampling frequency unification processing and the maximum value sequence of the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration, and the time offset is calculated to complete the time axis alignment of the protection device waveform file after sampling frequency unification processing and the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration.

[0006] Preferably, S1 specifically includes: The protection device waveform recording file and the fault waveform recording file, after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed, respectively contain the data set of the protection device waveform recording file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed and the data set of the fault waveform recording file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed.

[0007] Preferably, S2 specifically includes: Based on the fault point time of the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed, and combined with the sampling period, the calculation interval is divided from the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed.

[0008] Preferably, S2 specifically includes: The starting time difference is calculated based on the starting point of the calculation interval of the protection device waveform file after unified sampling frequency processing and the starting point of the calculation interval of the fault waveform file after unified sampling frequency processing; based on the starting time difference, a fault waveform data set after calculation interval calibration is generated.

[0009] Preferably, S3 specifically includes: The protection device waveform data set and the fault waveform data set after calculation interval calibration respectively contain Sampling data from each channel and For each channel's sampled data, the time-domain data is converted into frequency-domain components. Based on the sum of squared magnitudes of the frequency-domain components, the effective value of each channel's sampled data in the calculation interval is calculated, thus obtaining the effective value sequence of each channel in the protection device waveform file after unified sampling frequency processing and the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration.

[0010] Preferably, S3 specifically includes: The effective value sequences of each channel in the protection device waveform file after sampling frequency unification processing and the effective value sequences of each channel in the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration are sorted in descending order, and the first... The maximum effective value and corresponding timestamp are used to generate the maximum value sequence of each channel of the protection device waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed, and the maximum value sequence of each channel of the fault waveform file after the interval is calibrated.

[0011] Preferably, S4 specifically includes: In the implementation of the channel matching and time axis synchronization algorithm, the maximum value sequence of each channel of the protection device waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed is used as the benchmark, and the matching channel is found in the maximum value sequence of all channels of the fault waveform file after the calculation interval is calibrated.

[0012] Preferably, S4 specifically includes: The matching conditions include: value consistency, time difference consistency, and channel attribute consistency. If a channel of the fault recording file after calculation interval calibration that meets the matching conditions is found, then the channel of the protection device recording file after sampling frequency unification is considered to be the same channel as the channel of the fault recording file after calculation interval calibration.

[0013] Preferably, S4 specifically includes: The time offset is calculated based on the timestamp of the first matching point in the matching channel, including the timestamp of the first maximum effective value of the channel in the protection device waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed, and the timestamp of the first maximum effective value of the channel in the fault waveform file after the calculation interval is calibrated.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are: 1. Sampling frequency checking and standardization ensured data consistency in waveform recording files from different devices, laying the foundation for subsequent processing; by calculating the fault occurrence time and correcting the time offset, the impact of time synchronization errors was eliminated; channel matching and time axis synchronization ensured precise correspondence of data points on the time axis. The implementation of an automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files enables substation fault analysis to accurately align waveform recording files from different devices even when time synchronization devices fail or clock domains are inconsistent, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of fault analysis and enhancing the robustness of power system operation monitoring.

[0015] 2. The feature extraction method based on the maximum value sequence overcomes the impact of differences in fault calculation algorithms and starting element sensitivity between different manufacturers' equipment on the timestamps and data start points of waveform recording files. By extracting significant features of electrical quantities near the fault point, such as the maximum effective value of voltage or current mutations, a physically representative feature sequence is generated. This sequence maintains high consistency across different devices, thus avoiding trigger time deviations and data inconsistencies caused by differences in algorithms or starting elements. This ensures the universality of waveform recording file alignment, is applicable to equipment from multiple manufacturers, and improves the compatibility and efficiency of multi-device collaborative analysis in power systems.

[0016] 3. Based on the maximum value sequence, the channel corresponding to the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file is automatically identified, eliminating the tedious manual channel mapping process in traditional methods. Channel matching utilizes multi-dimensional constraints (value consistency, time difference consistency, and channel attribute consistency) to ensure the accuracy and uniqueness of the matching, significantly reducing manual intervention, improving the automation and efficiency of channel identification, reducing the risk of configuration errors, thereby optimizing the substation fault analysis process and enhancing the operational convenience of power system data processing.

[0017] 4. A feature extraction method based on the maximum value sequence is adopted, extracting only a limited number of maximum effective values ​​and their timestamps, rather than the complex full-text waveform fast Fourier transform analysis in traditional methods, which significantly reduces the amount of computation. The application of fast Fourier transform and fast sorting algorithms further improves the efficiency of feature extraction and sorting. In addition, boundary calibration and time axis synchronization reduce unnecessary computational overhead by limiting the time offset range and using simple timestamp calibration, resulting in low computational resource consumption, fast search speed, and high alignment success rate in the waveform file alignment process, which can meet the performance requirements of real-time fault analysis in substations, thereby improving the real-time performance and efficiency of power system operation monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0021] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific scheme of the automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files provided by this invention.

[0022] See attached document Figure 1 The diagram illustrates an automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file, and perform sampling frequency unification processing on the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file to obtain the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after sampling frequency unification processing.

[0023] When a power grid fault occurs, such as a short circuit or ground fault, the recording functions of the protection device and the fault recording device will be triggered, and the protection device will generate a recording file. The fault recording device generates fault recording files. ; Protection device waveform recording file and fault recording files This includes header files, configuration files, data files, and information files.

[0024] Because the protection device and the fault recording device may use different sampling frequencies, direct processing will result in mismatched data points on the time axis. Therefore, the recording files of the protection device should be processed separately. and fault recording files The sampling frequency is standardized by checking the waveform recording files of the protection device. and fault recording files The sampling frequency is used to determine whether interpolation is needed. Specifically, this is done by analyzing the waveform recording file from the protection device. and fault recording files Extract the sampling frequency from the header file and record it as the sampling frequency of the protection device. and the sampling frequency of the fault recording device ,like If the sampling frequencies are consistent, no interpolation is needed. In this case, the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency unification processing are the protection device waveform files. and fault recording files ;like If the sampling frequency is not uniform, interpolation processing is required. This interpolation can be performed using Lagrange interpolation or spline interpolation, both well-known techniques and will not be elaborated upon here. The output is the waveform recording file of the protection device after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed. and fault recording files Each contains waveform recording files of the protection device. Data set after uniform sampling frequency processing and fault recording files Data set after uniform sampling frequency processing Sampling period ,in, Indicates the waveform recording file of the protection device After uniformizing the sampling frequency, in time The sampling data; Indicates fault recording file After uniformizing the sampling frequency, in time The sampling data; This represents the unified sampling frequency.

[0025] S2. Obtain the fault point time of the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed, divide the calculation interval, and generate the protection device waveform data set and the fault waveform data set; calibrate the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed based on the calculation interval, and generate the fault waveform file data set after the calculation interval is calibrated.

[0026] Waveform recordings of the protection device after sampling frequency unification and fault recording files The fault point time is read from the header file or trigger record, including the fault point time of the protection device waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed. The fault point time of the fault recording file after unified sampling frequency processing .

[0027] The fault point time of the protection device waveform file after unified sampling frequency processing The fault point time of the fault recording file after unified sampling frequency processing Based on the sampling period The calculation intervals are divided from the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed. The calculation interval is centered on the time of the fault point and covers the time window of 2 sampling cycles before the fault occurs and 2 sampling cycles after the fault occurs, for a total of 4 sampling cycles.

[0028] For the waveform recording file of the protection device after the sampling frequency has been uniformly processed, the calculation interval is defined as follows: Generate a set of waveform recording data for the protection device. It includes all sampled data within the calculation interval; for fault recording files after unified sampling frequency processing, the calculation interval is defined as... Generate fault recording data set .

[0029] Take the starting point of the calculation interval of the protection device waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed. The starting point of the calculation interval of the fault recording file after the sampling frequency is unified. Calculate the start time difference between the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed. The formula is expressed as: , like and This indicates the existence of a minor, correctable time synchronization error, requiring a shift in the overall calculation range of the fault recording file after the sampling frequency has been standardized. : , in, To calculate the set of fault recording data after interval calibration; This indicates that the fault recording file, after being processed to unify the sampling frequency, is in time... The sampled data, i.e., the fault recording file after interval calibration, is in time... The sampling data.

[0030] like This indicates that the time offset is too large, which may be due to equipment failure or data abnormality. An alarm should be triggered and the alignment process should be terminated.

[0031] S3. Based on the protection device waveform data set and the fault waveform data set after calculation interval calibration, calculate the effective value sequence and extract the maximum value sequence from it.

[0032] Based on the protection device waveform data set and the fault waveform data set after calculation interval calibration, a fast Fourier transform is performed on the sampling data of each channel of the protection device waveform file after unified sampling frequency processing and the sampling data of each channel of the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration. The effective value sequence is calculated and the maximum value sequence is extracted from it for subsequent channel matching and time axis synchronization.

[0033] The protection device waveform data set and the fault waveform data set after calculation interval calibration respectively contain Sampling data from each channel and The sampling data of each channel records the time series data of a single electrical quantity. The electrical quantity is the sampling data. The number of channels varies depending on the type of equipment of the protection device and the fault recording device.

[0034] For the sampled data of each channel, a Fast Fourier Transform is performed within the calculation interval to convert the time-domain data into frequency-domain components. .

[0035] Based on the frequency domain components, the effective value sequence of each channel within the calculation interval is calculated. The effective value is calculated using the sum of squared magnitudes of the frequency domain components. The formula for calculating the effective value is as follows: , in, This represents the valid value of the sampled data for each channel within the calculation interval; This indicates the first segment of the protection device waveform recording file after the sampling frequency has been uniformly processed. Sampling data of each channel Or calculate the fault recording file after interval calibration. Sampling data of each channel ; For the index of the frequency domain component; for The modulus of the frequency domain component; This represents the number of data points after the sampling frequency has been uniformly processed.

[0036] The output of the protection device waveform recording file after unified sampling frequency processing is the first... A sequence of valid values ​​for each channel: And the fault recording file after calculation interval calibration A sequence of valid values ​​for each channel: ; This indicates the first segment of the protection device waveform recording file after the sampling frequency has been uniformly processed. Sampling data of each channel The effective values ​​within the calculation interval are obtained based on the above formula for calculating effective values. ; This indicates the first fault recording file after interval calibration. Sampling data of each channel The effective values ​​within the calculation interval are obtained based on the above formula for calculating effective values. .

[0037] The waveform recording files of the protection device after the sampling frequency was uniformly processed were respectively... The effective value sequence of each channel and the fault recording file after calculation interval calibration. The effective value sequence of each channel is sorted in descending order. This sorting can be achieved using the quicksort algorithm, ensuring efficiency. (Previous data is extracted...) The maximum effective value and its corresponding timestamp are used to generate the protection device waveform recording file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed. Maximum value sequence of each channel And the fault recording file after calculation interval calibration Maximum value sequence of each channel ,in, and These are the first and second records of the protection device waveform files after the sampling frequency has been uniformly processed. The fault recording file after calibration of the first channel and calculation interval The first channel The largest valid value, , and These are the first and second records of the protection device waveform files after the sampling frequency has been uniformly processed. The fault recording file after calibration of the first channel and calculation interval The first channel The timestamps of the largest valid values ​​represent the timestamps of the protection device waveform recording files after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed. The fault recording file after calibration of the first channel and calculation interval The first channel The time point with the largest effective value.

[0038] S4. Using a channel matching and time axis synchronization algorithm, feature matching is performed on the maximum value sequence of the protection device waveform file after sampling frequency unification processing and the maximum value sequence of the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration, and the time offset is calculated to complete the time axis alignment of the protection device waveform file after sampling frequency unification processing and the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration.

[0039] The first part of the protection device waveform file, after sampling frequency unification processing, is analyzed using a channel matching and time axis synchronization algorithm. The maximum value sequence of each channel and the calculated interval of the calibrated fault recording file. The maximum value sequence of each channel is matched with multi-dimensional features. Combined with channel attribute information, such as channel type, voltage, current, etc., the corresponding same channel is automatically identified. The time offset is calculated by the timestamp of the maximum effective value to achieve precise time axis synchronization at the data point level.

[0040] In order to determine the first [number] of the protection device waveform file after the sampling frequency unification processing. The fault recording file after calibration of the first channel and the calculation interval To determine whether each channel corresponds to the same electrical quantity, the maximum value sequence of each channel in the protection device waveform file after unified sampling frequency processing is used as a benchmark, and a matching channel is found in the maximum value sequence of all channels in the fault waveform file after the calculation interval is calibrated.

[0041] Matching is based on the following three conditions: I. Value Consistency: Compare the values ​​of the protection device waveform recording files after the sampling frequency has been standardized. Each maximum RMS value in the maximum value sequence of each channel is compared with the first RMS value in the fault recording file after interval calibration. The maximum effective value corresponding to the maximum value sequence of each channel. The absolute value of the difference between the two values ​​is calculated and compared with a threshold preset based on expert experience. Compare to ensure that the largest effective values ​​are close in size.

[0042] II. Time Difference Consistency: Based on the protection device waveform recording file after unified sampling frequency processing, the first... The maximum value sequence of each channel and the fault recording file after calculation interval calibration. The timestamps corresponding to the adjacent maximum valid values ​​in the maximum value sequence of each channel, i.e. , and , Calculate the time interval difference between adjacent maximum effective values ​​and compare it with the time tolerance preset according to expert experience method. Comparison. The requirement is that the time difference consistency satisfies the condition that the time interval difference between adjacent maximum effective values ​​is less than the time tolerance. ,Right now ; and These are the first and second records of the protection device waveform files after the sampling frequency has been uniformly processed. The fault recording file after calibration of the first channel and calculation interval The first channel The timestamp with the largest valid value; and These are the first and second records of the protection device waveform files after the sampling frequency has been uniformly processed. The fault recording file after calibration of the first channel and calculation interval The first channel The timestamp of the maximum effective value. The waveforms of the same electrical quantity have similar dynamic change patterns during a fault. The time difference between adjacent maximum effective values ​​reflects the periodicity or abrupt change pattern of the waveform. The consistency of the time difference ensures that the timing patterns of the two channels are consistent, thereby enhancing the reliability of the matching.

[0043] 3. Channel Attribute Consistency: The channel type, such as current or voltage, is obtained from the header files of the protection device waveform file after unified sampling frequency processing and the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration. The channel attributes are checked for consistency. Irrelevant channels can be eliminated through attribute consistency constraints, thereby improving matching efficiency and accuracy.

[0044] If the first fault recording file after calibration that meets the above matching conditions is found, then... The first channel is considered to be the protection device waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed. The fault recording file after calibration of the first channel and the calculation interval Each channel is the same channel.

[0045] The goal of time axis synchronization is to finely calibrate the time axis of the protection device waveform file after unified sampling frequency processing and the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration, based on the maximum effective value timestamp of the matching channel.

[0046] Record the timestamp of the first matching point in the matching channel, which is the timestamp of the protection device waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed. The first maximum valid timestamp of each channel And the fault recording file after calculation interval calibration The first maximum valid timestamp of each channel And calculate the time offset based on the timestamp of the first matching point. : , Offset the time axis of all data points in the fault recording file after interval calibration. The time axis alignment of the protection device waveform file after unified sampling frequency processing and the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration is completed.

[0047] By using channel matching based on the maximum value sequence and fine calibration of the time axis, precise alignment of the data channels and time axis of the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file is achieved under different clock domains or in the presence of time synchronization errors.

[0048] In summary, an automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files has been developed.

[0049] The order of the embodiments is for illustrative purposes only and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0050] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0051] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file, and perform sampling frequency unification processing on the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file to obtain the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after sampling frequency unification processing. S2. Obtain the fault point time of the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed, divide the calculation interval, and generate the protection device waveform data set and the fault waveform data set; calibrate the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed based on the calculation interval, and generate the fault waveform file data set after the calculation interval is calibrated. S3. Based on the protection device waveform recording data set and the fault waveform recording data set after calculation interval calibration, calculate the effective value sequence and extract the maximum value sequence from it; S4. Using a channel matching and time axis synchronization algorithm, feature matching is performed on the maximum value sequence of the protection device waveform file after sampling frequency unification processing and the maximum value sequence of the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration, and the time offset is calculated to complete the time axis alignment of the protection device waveform file after sampling frequency unification processing and the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration.

2. The automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 specifically includes: The protection device waveform recording file and the fault waveform recording file, after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed, respectively contain the data set of the protection device waveform recording file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed and the data set of the fault waveform recording file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed.

3. The automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 specifically includes: Based on the fault point time of the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed, and combined with the sampling period, the calculation interval is divided from the protection device waveform file and the fault waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed.

4. The automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files according to claim 3, characterized in that, S2 specifically includes: The starting time difference is calculated based on the starting point of the calculation interval of the protection device waveform file after unified sampling frequency processing and the starting point of the calculation interval of the fault waveform file after unified sampling frequency processing; based on the starting time difference, a fault waveform data set after calculation interval calibration is generated.

5. The automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 specifically includes: The protection device waveform data set and the fault waveform data set after calculation interval calibration respectively contain Sampling data from each channel and For each channel's sampled data, the time-domain data is converted into frequency-domain components. Based on the sum of squared magnitudes of the frequency-domain components, the effective value of each channel's sampled data in the calculation interval is calculated, thus obtaining the effective value sequence of each channel in the protection device waveform file after unified sampling frequency processing and the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration.

6. The automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files according to claim 5, characterized in that, S3 specifically includes: The effective value sequences of each channel in the protection device waveform file after sampling frequency unification processing and the effective value sequences of each channel in the fault waveform file after calculation interval calibration are sorted in descending order, and the first... The maximum effective value and corresponding timestamp are used to generate the maximum value sequence of each channel of the protection device waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed, and the maximum value sequence of each channel of the fault waveform file after the interval is calibrated.

7. The automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files according to claim 1, characterized in that, S4 specifically includes: In the implementation of the channel matching and time axis synchronization algorithm, the maximum value sequence of each channel of the protection device waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed is used as the benchmark, and the matching channel is found in the maximum value sequence of all channels of the fault waveform file after the calculation interval is calibrated.

8. The automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files according to claim 7, characterized in that, S4 specifically includes: The matching conditions include: value consistency, time difference consistency, and channel attribute consistency. If a channel of the fault recording file after calculation interval calibration that meets the matching conditions is found, then the channel of the protection device recording file after sampling frequency unification is considered to be the same channel as the channel of the fault recording file after calculation interval calibration.

9. The automatic alignment method for substation waveform recording files according to claim 8, characterized in that, S4 specifically includes: The time offset is calculated based on the timestamp of the first matching point in the matching channel, including the timestamp of the first maximum effective value of the channel in the protection device waveform file after the sampling frequency is uniformly processed, and the timestamp of the first maximum effective value of the channel in the fault waveform file after the calculation interval is calibrated.

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