Ecological ridge construction method for slowing down lateral seepage and intercepting non-point source pollution

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ridge construction, and discloses an ecological ridge construction method for slowing down lateral seepage and intercepting non-point source pollution, which comprises the following steps of: extracting soil texture, elevation and area information of a target area, and scientifically delimiting a ridge and a farmland boundary by combining a spatial analysis and function partitioning algorithm; dynamically determining the height of the buffer zone according to the height difference relation and the flood and drought stress characteristics of plants; hydraulics characteristics are obtained through hydrological simulation, the width of the buffer zone and the filler amount are calculated based on the length-width ratio and hydrodynamic force coupling mechanism, optimal design of water flow regulation and control and pollution interception is achieved, and the stability and purification efficiency of the ridge system in different environments are ensured. According to the invention, the ecological ridge system with strong adaptability is constructed through cooperative analysis of multi-source terrain environment and ecological parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of field ridge construction technology, and more specifically, to an ecological field ridge construction method for mitigating lateral seepage and intercepting non-point source pollution. Background Technology

[0002] In current agricultural production practices, especially in areas with poor water retention such as sandy soil, field ridges, as an important structure for farmland water conservation and farmland boundary management, generally suffer from problems such as simple structure and weak function. Traditional field ridges are usually constructed of ordinary soil, mainly serving to prevent soil erosion and delineate farmland boundaries, lacking effective means to control lateral seepage and non-point source pollutants in surface runoff. Especially during heavy rainfall or irrigation, large amounts of farmland runoff containing pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus are lost through lateral seepage or overflow from field ridges, increasing the risk of water pollution and seriously affecting sustainable agricultural development and aquatic ecological environment security.

[0003] However, some studies have attempted to enhance the ecological function of field ridges by setting up ecological buffer zones or improving their structure. These methods include using vegetation, microbial enhancement, or localized modification of fillers to improve the ridges' ability to regulate water and pollutants. However, most of these methods lack a dynamic design mechanism coupled with actual topography, soil properties, and hydrodynamic processes. Furthermore, the determination of key parameters such as buffer zone width, filler type, and layout relies heavily on experience or fixed values, making it difficult to adapt to varying needs under different farmland types and climatic conditions. Consequently, their practicality and applicability are limited.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ecological field ridge construction method that integrates topographic data, crop tolerance parameters, hydrological process simulation, and pollution load estimation. This method would enable the scientific zoning of field ridge areas, buffer zone areas, and farmland areas, the design of reasonable elevation differences, and the configuration of functional materials. It would also dynamically optimize the width of the buffer zone and the amount of filler material, thereby controlling lateral seepage and non-point source pollutant diffusion at the source and effectively improving the ecological service function of field ridges and the level of agricultural environmental management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes an ecological field ridge construction method to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution. It aims to solve the problem that existing ecological field ridge transformation methods lack a dynamic design mechanism that combines topography, soil properties and hydrodynamic processes, and that key structural parameters rely on empirical settings, making it difficult to adapt to the changing needs of farmland environment.

[0006] This invention proposes an ecological field ridge construction method to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution, comprising:

[0007] Obtain soil, elevation, and area information for the target area, and determine the field ridge area and farmland area based on the soil, elevation, and area information;

[0008] Obtain the design heights of the field ridge area and the farmland area, and determine the preset height of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the design heights of the field ridge area and the farmland area;

[0009] Obtain the drought-tolerant depth and flood-tolerant depth of the planted crops, and determine the design height of the buffer zone based on the drought-tolerant depth and flood-tolerant depth of the planted crops;

[0010] Hydrological simulations were conducted based on the design height of the farmland area and the design height of the buffer zone to determine the hydraulic characteristics of the farmland area.

[0011] Based on the relationship between the length-to-width ratio and hydraulic characteristics of the farmland area, the width of the buffer zone and the amount of filler inside the buffer zone are determined. Based on the preset height of the buffer zone, the width of the buffer zone, the amount of filler inside the buffer zone, and the design height of the field ridge area, the field ridge area, buffer zone area, and farmland area are established respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, when determining the field ridge area and farmland area based on soil information, elevation information, and area information, the following are included:

[0013] Based on soil quality and area information, the soil distribution characteristics of the target area are obtained, and the soil suitability areas are determined according to the soil distribution characteristics.

[0014] Based on area and height information, the elevation difference information of the target area is determined, an elevation distribution layer is constructed based on the elevation difference information, and the direction of water flow path is obtained and the elevation control line is located.

[0015] By overlaying soil suitability areas with elevation control lines, initial functional zoning information is established. Based on the area constraint model, the initial functional zoning information is regularized to determine the boundaries of farmland areas and field ridge areas.

[0016] Furthermore, by overlaying soil suitability areas with elevation control lines, initial functional zoning information is established. Based on an area constraint model, this initial functional zoning information is then regularized to determine farmland and field ridge boundaries, including:

[0017] Spatial clustering and planar segmentation are performed on the initial functional zoning information to form a set of candidate functional regions with coherent structure. Each candidate region contains region boundary, area value and geometric attribute information.

[0018] The candidate functional region set is input into the area constraint model. Based on the preset target area range, aspect ratio and boundary connectivity rules, abnormal fragments are filtered, edge regions are merged, and a regularized functional partition layer is output.

[0019] Based on the elevation attributes and function type labels in the regularized functional zoning layer, farmland functional zones and field ridge functional zones are extracted and classified, and the boundary information of farmland area and field ridge area are determined respectively.

[0020] Furthermore, when determining the preset height of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the designed height of the field ridge area and the designed height of the farmland area, the following steps are taken:

[0021] Regional elevation information sets for farmland area boundaries and field ridge area boundaries were extracted from the elevation model data, respectively.

[0022] Based on the regional elevation information set of farmland area boundary information, obtain the average elevation value of the farmland area;

[0023] Based on the regional elevation information set of the field ridge area boundary information, the average elevation value of the field ridge area is obtained;

[0024] Obtain the elevation difference between the average elevation of the field ridge area and the average elevation of the farmland area, and determine the preset height of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the elevation difference and the preset buffer zone elevation range.

[0025] When the elevation difference is within the preset buffer zone elevation difference range, the elevation difference is determined to be the preset height of the buffer zone.

[0026] When the elevation difference is not within the preset buffer zone elevation difference range, the median of the preset buffer zone elevation difference range is obtained. Based on the relationship between the median of the preset buffer zone elevation difference range and the elevation difference, the adjustment range is determined, and the elevation difference adjusted according to the adjustment range is determined as the preset height of the buffer zone.

[0027] Furthermore, when determining the adjustment range based on the relationship between the median of the preset buffer zone elevation difference range and the elevation difference, the following factors are considered:

[0028] Obtain the absolute value of the difference between the median of the preset buffer zone elevation difference range and the elevation difference value, and determine the adjustment range based on the relationship between the absolute value of the difference and the first preset difference and the second preset difference.

[0029] When the absolute value of the difference is lower than the first preset difference, the adjustment range is determined to be L1;

[0030] When the absolute value of the difference is higher than or equal to the first preset difference and lower than the second preset difference, the adjustment range is determined to be L2.

[0031] When the absolute value of the difference is higher than or equal to the second preset difference, the adjustment range is determined to be L3;

[0032] Among them, the first preset difference is less than the second preset difference, and L1 < L2 < L3.

[0033] Furthermore, when determining the design height of the buffer zone based on the drought-tolerant and flood-tolerant depths of the planted vegetation, the following factors are considered:

[0034] The range of water level for planting is determined based on the drought-tolerant and flood-tolerant depths of the planted plants.

[0035] The design height of the buffer zone is determined based on the relationship between the preset height of the buffer zone and the range of aquaculture water volume.

[0036] When the preset height of the buffer zone is within the range of the aquaculture water volume height, the preset height of the buffer zone is determined to be the design height of the buffer zone.

[0037] When the preset height of the buffer zone exceeds the range of aquaculture water volume height, the median aquaculture water volume height within the range is obtained, and the correction range is determined based on the relationship between the preset height of the buffer zone and the median aquaculture water volume height.

[0038] The preset height of the buffer zone is adjusted according to the correction range, and the adjusted preset height of the buffer zone is determined as the design height of the buffer zone.

[0039] Furthermore, when determining the correction range based on the relationship between the preset height of the buffer zone and the median height of the aquaculture water volume, the following factors are considered:

[0040] Obtain the height difference between the preset height of the buffer zone and the median height of the aquaculture water volume, and determine the correction range based on the relationship between the height difference and the pre-configured first and second preset height differences:

[0041] When the height difference is lower than the first preset height difference, the correction range is determined to be K1;

[0042] When the height difference is higher than or equal to the first preset height difference and lower than the second preset height difference, the correction range is determined to be K2.

[0043] When the height difference is higher than or equal to the second preset height difference, the correction range is determined to be K3;

[0044] Among them, the first preset height difference is less than the second preset height difference, and K1 < K2 < K3.

[0045] Furthermore, when determining the width of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the length-to-width ratio and hydraulic characteristics of the farmland area, the following factors are considered:

[0046] Based on hydrological simulation, the average flow velocity of water flow between different surface runoff conditions in the farmland area was obtained;

[0047] The minimum hydraulic residence time threshold required for effective interception of pollutants is pre-configured, and the product of the average flow velocity and the minimum residence time is corrected according to the aspect ratio of the farmland area to determine the initial buffer zone width;

[0048] The ecological protection width is determined based on the relationship between the drought-tolerant depth and flood-tolerant depth of the planted vegetation and the average flow velocity of the water.

[0049] The width of the buffer zone is determined based on the relationship between the ecological protection width and the initial buffer zone width:

[0050] When the ecological guarantee width is greater than the initial buffer zone width, the ecological guarantee width is determined to be the width of the buffer zone.

[0051] If the initial buffer zone width is greater than the ecological guarantee width, then the initial buffer zone width is determined to be the width of the buffer zone.

[0052] Furthermore, when determining the amount of filler material inside the buffer zone based on the relationship between the length-to-width ratio and hydraulic characteristics of the farmland area, the following factors are considered:

[0053] The surface runoff volume of the farmland area is determined based on its length-to-width ratio and hydraulic characteristics.

[0054] Obtain the rainfall conditions and crop types of the target area, and determine the pollutant concentration values ​​based on the area, rainfall conditions, and crop types of the target area;

[0055] The pollution load output per unit area is determined based on the relationship between surface runoff volume and pollutant concentration.

[0056] The packing volume is determined based on the relationship between the pollution load output and the preset pollution removal efficiency value.

[0057] The amount of filler inside the buffer zone is determined based on the filler volume and the design height and width of the buffer zone.

[0058] Furthermore, the internal filler of the buffer zone specifically consists of clay, biochar, functional microorganisms, superabsorbent polymer, and zero-valent iron.

[0059] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By leveraging natural attribute information such as soil quality, elevation, and area of ​​the target region, combined with the drought and flood tolerance characteristics of crop species, it effectively achieves precise zoning and functional construction of field ridge areas, buffer zone areas, and farmland areas. By introducing an elevation difference control mechanism and setting a reasonable preset height for the buffer zone, and further optimizing the design height of the buffer zone based on the characteristics of crop root distribution, it helps to regulate infiltration and runoff paths under different water conditions, improving farmland water retention and ecological barrier effectiveness from a structural source. Secondly, through hydrological simulation, the hydraulic and hydrodynamic characteristics of the farmland area are dynamically evaluated, establishing a model of the relationship between farmland length-to-width ratio and flow velocity, scientifically determining the width of the buffer zone and the amount of internal filler, achieving an ecological buffer zone design adapted to natural hydrological conditions. Compared with traditional field ridge design methods that rely on empirical parameter settings, this scheme can dynamically adjust key construction parameters according to the differences in different regions, improving the adaptability and engineering reliability of the construction method. Furthermore, a multifunctional adsorption medium, such as clay, biochar, functional microorganisms, and superabsorbent polymers and zero-valent iron, is incorporated into the buffer zone. This effectively enhances the adsorption, degradation, and slow release capacity of non-point source pollutants (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter), while also providing water retention, purification, and ecological regulation functions. Overall, this invention not only effectively improves the control efficiency of field ridges against lateral seepage and non-point source pollution, reducing the environmental burden of farmland on external water bodies, but also enhances the water resource utilization rate and environmental sustainability of agricultural production, demonstrating significant environmental benefits and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0060] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0061] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an ecological field ridge construction method for mitigating lateral seepage and intercepting non-point source pollution, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart illustrating an ecological field ridge construction method for mitigating lateral seepage and intercepting non-point source pollution, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 3 A top view of the construction method for an ecological field ridge construction method to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 This is a structural cross-sectional diagram illustrating an ecological field ridge construction method for mitigating lateral seepage and intercepting non-point source pollution, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0065] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0066] like Figures 1-2 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, this embodiment provides an ecological field ridge construction method for mitigating lateral seepage and intercepting non-point source pollution, including:

[0067] Step S100: Obtain soil information, elevation information, and area information of the target area, and determine the field ridge area and farmland area based on the soil information, elevation information, and area information.

[0068] Specifically, when determining the field ridge area and farmland area based on soil, elevation, and area information, the process includes: obtaining the soil distribution characteristics of the target area based on soil and area information, and determining soil suitability areas based on each soil distribution characteristic; determining the elevation difference information of the target area based on area and elevation information, constructing an elevation distribution layer based on the elevation difference information, obtaining the water flow path direction, and locating the elevation control line; overlaying the soil suitability areas with the elevation control line for analysis, establishing initial functional zoning information, and regularizing the initial functional zoning information based on the area constraint model to determine the boundaries of farmland area and field ridge area.

[0069] Specifically, the process involves overlaying soil suitability areas with elevation control lines to establish initial functional zoning information. Based on an area constraint model, this initial functional zoning information is then regularized to determine farmland and field ridge boundaries. This includes: spatial clustering and areal segmentation of the initial functional zoning information to form a coherent set of candidate functional regions, each containing regional boundaries, area values, and geometric attribute information; inputting the candidate functional region set into the area constraint model, filtering out abnormal fragments and merging edge regions according to preset target area range, aspect ratio, and boundary connectivity rules, and outputting a regularized functional zoning layer; and based on the elevation attributes and functional type labels in the regularized functional zoning layer, classifying and extracting farmland and field ridge functional zones, and determining the farmland and field ridge boundary information respectively.

[0070] Understandably, by analyzing soil and area information of the target area, the distribution characteristics of various soil types are extracted, and combined with the requirements of agricultural engineering for field ridges and farmland functions, a soil suitability zone layer is constructed. This layer reflects the degree of adaptability of different areas in terms of physical and agricultural characteristics, providing a foundation for subsequent zoning. Secondly, an elevation difference layer is established by combining elevation information to clarify topographic relief and slope aspect information, and the direction of water flow paths within the target area is calculated through elevation change trends, thereby identifying key hydrological control lines (i.e., elevation control lines). This process combines a digital elevation model (DEM) with hydrological analysis algorithms to ensure that the divided areas have good hydrological logic and irrigation and drainage connectivity. Based on the above, the soil suitability zones and elevation control lines are spatially overlaid to generate initial functional zoning information. This step integrates agricultural ecological suitability and topographic and hydrological logic, making the functional zoning more scientific and practically feasible. However, since the initial overlaid areas often have problems such as fragmentation, small area, and irregular shape, an area constraint model is introduced for regularization. Based on spatial planning parameters such as the target area's area range, boundary connectivity, and aspect ratio, this model performs spatial clustering, connectivity analysis, and geometric correction on the candidate functional area set, outputting a regularized functional zoning layer with continuous structure and reasonable area. Finally, by parsing the elevation attributes and functional type labels in the layer, the model completes the classification and extraction of farmland and field ridge functional areas, clarifying their respective boundary ranges. The entire process fully embodies the technical principles of Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial analysis, raster and vector fusion modeling, and intelligent identification of agricultural land functions, achieving end-to-end intelligent decision support from raw data to automatic identification and optimization of functional area boundaries.

[0071] Step S200: Obtain the design height of the field ridge area and the farmland area, and determine the preset height of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the design height of the field ridge area and the design height of the farmland area.

[0072] Specifically, when determining the preset height of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the designed height of the field ridge area and the designed height of the farmland area, the process includes: extracting regional elevation information sets for the farmland area boundary information and the field ridge area boundary information from the elevation model data; obtaining the average elevation value of the farmland area based on the regional elevation information set for the farmland area boundary information; obtaining the average elevation value of the field ridge area based on the regional elevation information set for the field ridge area boundary information; obtaining the elevation difference between the average elevation value of the field ridge area and the average elevation value of the farmland area, and determining the preset height of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the elevation difference and the configured preset buffer zone elevation difference range: when the elevation difference is within the preset buffer zone elevation difference range, the elevation difference is determined as the preset height of the buffer zone; when the elevation difference is not within the preset buffer zone elevation difference range, the median of the preset buffer zone elevation difference range is obtained, and the adjustment range is determined based on the relationship between the median of the preset buffer zone elevation difference range and the elevation difference, and the adjusted elevation difference is determined as the preset height of the buffer zone.

[0073] Specifically, when determining the adjustment range based on the relationship between the median of the preset buffer zone elevation difference range and the elevation difference, the process includes: obtaining the absolute value of the difference between the median of the preset buffer zone elevation difference range and the elevation difference, and determining the adjustment range based on the relationship between the absolute value of the difference and the first preset difference and the second preset difference; when the absolute value of the difference is lower than the first preset difference, the adjustment range is determined to be L1; when the absolute value of the difference is higher than or equal to the first preset difference and lower than the second preset difference, the adjustment range is determined to be L2; when the absolute value of the difference is higher than or equal to the second preset difference, the adjustment range is determined to be L3; wherein, the first preset difference is less than the second preset difference, and L1 < L2 < L3.

[0074] Understandably, based on the difference analysis of the elevation model and combined with a multi-level buffer strategy, the preset height of the ecological buffer zone is dynamically determined to ensure its hydrological regulation function and topographic compatibility. First, based on Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, the corresponding elevation data sets are extracted for the boundaries of the delineated farmland and field ridge areas. This processing step utilizes spatial clipping and raster extraction techniques in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to ensure the spatial consistency and boundary accuracy of the elevation data. Subsequently, by calculating the average elevation values ​​of the two areas, the elevation difference between the field ridge area and the farmland area is obtained. This elevation difference directly reflects the influence of surface slope on the formation and distribution of surface runoff and is a key parameter for designing the water level stratification and pollutant interception efficiency of the buffer zone. Therefore, in the next step, this scheme introduces a preset buffer zone elevation difference range parameter interval to measure whether the current elevation difference meets the established buffer zone configuration requirements. If the current elevation difference is within a preset reasonable range, it is directly used as the preset height of the buffer zone, simplifying the design process. When the elevation difference exceeds this range, a difference adjustment mechanism is further implemented. This mechanism uses the median of the preset range as a benchmark and sets corresponding height adjustment ranges L1, L2, and L3 based on a tiered judgment of the absolute value of the difference. This tiered adjustment strategy can be considered a non-linear control mechanism, reflecting the adaptive design principle that "the greater the deviation, the more drastic the adjustment." Specifically, by setting two difference thresholds (the first preset difference and the second preset difference), the current elevation deviation is divided into three levels: mild, moderate, and severe, each corresponding to a different adjustment range, thus ensuring a smooth transition and engineering adaptability of the buffer zone design height. Furthermore, the setting logic of L1 < L2 < L3 also reflects a balance between terrain disturbance and engineering modification costs.

[0075] Step S300: Obtain the drought-tolerant depth and flood-tolerant depth of the buried plants, and determine the design height of the buffer zone based on the drought-tolerant depth and flood-tolerant depth of the buried plants.

[0076] Specifically, when determining the design height of the buffer zone based on the drought-tolerant and flood-tolerant depths of the buried plants, the process includes: determining the range of aquaculture water volume heights for the buried plants based on their drought-tolerant and flood-tolerant depths; determining the design height of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the preset height of the buffer zone and the aquaculture water volume height range; when the preset height of the buffer zone is within the aquaculture water volume height range, the preset height of the buffer zone is determined as the design height of the buffer zone; when the preset height of the buffer zone exceeds the aquaculture water volume height range, the median aquaculture water volume height within the range is obtained, and a correction range is determined based on the relationship between the preset height of the buffer zone and the median aquaculture water volume height; the preset height of the buffer zone is corrected based on the correction range, and the corrected preset height of the buffer zone is determined as the design height of the buffer zone.

[0077] Specifically, when determining the correction range based on the relationship between the preset height of the buffer zone and the median height of the aquaculture water volume, the process includes: obtaining the height difference between the preset height of the buffer zone and the median height of the aquaculture water volume, and determining the correction range based on the relationship between the height difference and the pre-configured first and second preset height differences: when the height difference is lower than the first preset height difference, the correction range is determined to be K1; when the height difference is higher than or equal to the first preset height difference and lower than the second preset height difference, the correction range is determined to be K2; when the height difference is higher than or equal to the second preset height difference, the correction range is determined to be K3; wherein, the first preset height difference is less than the second preset height difference, and K1 < K2 < K3.

[0078] Understandably, the "water level range" is determined based on the drought-tolerant and flood-tolerant depths of the selected plants. This range defines the water level within which the plant roots can obtain sufficient moisture (avoiding drought) without being submerged for extended periods (avoiding flooding). This range provides clear upper and lower limits for subsequent height matching. Secondly, the preset height of the buffer zone (automatically calculated from the elevation difference) is compared with the water level range: if the preset height falls within this range, it indicates that the height ensures the plant roots are moist without causing prolonged flooding, and can therefore be directly determined as the design height; otherwise, deviation correction is required. Further, if the preset height exceeds the water-tolerant range, the median of the water level range is first taken as the benchmark water level, and then the height difference between the preset height and this median is calculated. Based on the comparison of this difference with the two preset height difference thresholds, multi-level correction amplitudes (K1, K2, K3) are applied for non-linear compensation; the larger the deviation, the stronger the correction, thus quickly bringing the design height back to a reasonable range. Two preset height difference thresholds are set: a first preset height difference and a second preset height difference, corresponding to three levels of correction, ranging from slight to significant adjustments. This strategy ensures both the precision of fine-tuning and sufficient structural adjustments when height deviations are severe, balancing plant physiological needs with engineering feasibility.

[0079] Step S400: Perform hydrological simulation based on the design height of the farmland area and the design height of the buffer zone to determine the hydraulic characteristics of the farmland area.

[0080] Specifically, the elevation difference between the design elevation of the farmland area and the design elevation of the adjacent buffer zone constitutes the potential natural flow direction and hydraulic gradient of water flow within the area. This gradient is a key factor driving surface runoff and shallow seepage. By extracting the elevation difference, the flow direction and potential velocity variation trends can be quantified. Secondly, before conducting hydrological simulation, hydrological factors such as the design elevation data of the farmland area, the design elevation data of the buffer zone, soil permeability, surface roughness, and rainfall intensity need to be input into the hydrological model. These parameters collectively determine the path, velocity, and accumulation of water flow within the farmland area. Furthermore, dynamic hydrological simulations of the farmland area are conducted using models such as SWMM, MIKE SHE, or a self-built two-dimensional shallow water equation model. During the simulation, the velocity distribution of surface runoff flowing within the farmland area under rainfall is simulated by calculating the initiation, confluence path, and velocity changes of slope flow. This process accurately reflects the impact of different design elevations on water flow behavior. Finally, the key output of the hydrological simulation is a distribution map of the hydraulic characteristics at representative locations within the farmland area. This data is used in subsequent buffer zone width calculation models to support pollutant interception efficiency assessment, filler selection, and plant deployment.

[0081] Step S500: Based on the relationship between the length-to-width ratio and hydraulic characteristics of the farmland area, determine the width of the buffer zone and the amount of filler inside the buffer zone. Based on the preset height of the buffer zone, the width of the buffer zone, the amount of filler inside the buffer zone, and the design height of the field ridge area, establish the field ridge area, the buffer zone area, and the farmland area respectively.

[0082] Specifically, determining the width of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the length-to-width ratio and hydraulic characteristics of the farmland area includes: obtaining the average flow velocity of water flow between different surface runoff conditions in the farmland area based on hydrological simulation; pre-configuring the minimum hydraulic residence time threshold required for effective interception of pollutants, and correcting the product of the average flow velocity and the minimum residence time based on the length-to-width ratio of the farmland area to determine the initial buffer zone width; determining the ecological guarantee width based on the relationship between the drought-tolerant depth and flood-tolerant depth of the buried planting and the average flow velocity; and determining the width of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the ecological guarantee width and the initial buffer zone width: when the ecological guarantee width is greater than the initial buffer zone width, the ecological guarantee width is determined to be the width of the buffer zone; when the initial buffer zone width is greater than the ecological guarantee width, the initial buffer zone width is determined to be the width of the buffer zone.

[0083] Specifically, when determining the amount of filler material inside the buffer zone based on the relationship between the length-to-width ratio and hydraulic characteristics of the farmland area, the following steps are taken: determining the surface runoff volume of the farmland area based on its length-to-width ratio and hydraulic characteristics; obtaining the rainfall conditions and crop types of the target area, and determining the pollutant concentration values ​​based on the area of ​​the target area, rainfall conditions, and crop types; determining the pollution load output per unit area based on the relationship between the surface runoff volume and the pollutant concentration values; determining the filler volume based on the relationship between the pollution load output and the preset pollution removal efficiency values; and determining the amount of filler material inside the buffer zone based on the filler volume and the design height and width of the buffer zone.

[0084] Specifically, the buffer zone structure consists of a surface fill layer, a fill layer, and a base layer.

[0085] Specifically, the internal filler of the buffer zone consists of clay, biochar, functional microorganisms, superabsorbent polymer, and zero-valent iron.

[0086] As can be seen, the buffer zone's multi-layered structure (surface fill layer, filler layer, base layer) and the specific functional materials (clay, biochar, functional microorganisms, superabsorbent polymer, zero-valent iron) within the filler layer are crucial. Precisely calculated filler volume is the key foundation for ensuring this functionalized, composite filler layer can perform its multiple purification functions—adsorption, retention, degradation, and filtration—as designed. Sufficient volume guarantees ample contact time and reaction space between pollutants and functional materials. Secondly, by precisely calculating the minimum effective filler volume required (based on pollution load and removal efficiency), over- or under-allocation of filler resources can be avoided. Over-allocation increases unnecessary material costs and construction difficulty; under-allocation fails to achieve the expected purification effect. This scheme ensures the filler quantity is "just right," maximizing resource utilization while meeting purification requirements, and reducing the construction cost and potential long-term maintenance burden of the buffer zone.

[0087] Understandably, the average hydraulic characteristics of surface runoff in farmland areas are obtained through preliminary hydrological simulations. This flow velocity reflects the movement characteristics of water bodies on the farmland surface. The effectiveness of the buffer zone, as an ecological device for intercepting pollutants in the water flow, is significantly affected by the water residence time (i.e., the time the water is "retained" in the buffer zone). Secondly, to ensure the pollutant interception effect, a "minimum hydraulic residence time threshold" is pre-set. Subsequently, this threshold is multiplied by the actual hydraulic characteristics to calculate the initial buffer zone width that theoretically meets the water purification requirements. To further match the flow characteristics of different field structures, the length-to-width ratio of the farmland area is used to correct the calculation results, ensuring the model's adaptability under different field conditions. Finally, in addition to hydrodynamic requirements, plants planted in the buffer zone also have specific physiological growth needs, especially in terms of drought tolerance depth and flood tolerance depth. Therefore, based on the relationship between hydraulic characteristics and vegetation tolerance parameters, an ecological guarantee width is constructed to ensure that plant growth conditions are met. Finally, the maximum value between the hydrodynamic and ecological requirements is taken to determine the actual buffer zone width, thereby achieving a unity of ecological and engineering goals.

[0088] In the above embodiments, by leveraging natural attribute information such as soil quality, elevation, and area of ​​the target region, combined with the drought and flood tolerance characteristics of crop species, precise zoning and functional construction of field ridge areas, buffer zone areas, and farmland areas are effectively achieved. By introducing an elevation difference control mechanism and setting a reasonable preset height for the buffer zone, and further optimizing the design height of the buffer zone based on the characteristics of crop root distribution, it helps to regulate infiltration and runoff paths under different water conditions, improving farmland water retention and ecological barrier effectiveness from a structural source. Secondly, through hydrological simulation, the hydraulic and hydrodynamic characteristics of the farmland area are dynamically evaluated, establishing a model of the relationship between farmland length-to-width ratio and flow velocity, scientifically determining the width of the buffer zone and the amount of internal filler, thus achieving an ecological buffer zone design adapted to natural hydrological conditions. Compared to traditional field ridge design methods that rely on empirical parameter settings, this scheme can dynamically adjust key construction parameters according to the differences in different regions, improving the adaptability and engineering reliability of the construction method. Furthermore, a multifunctional adsorption medium, such as clay, biochar, functional microorganisms, and superabsorbent polymers and zero-valent iron, is incorporated into the buffer zone. This effectively enhances the adsorption, degradation, and slow release capacity of non-point source pollutants (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter), while also providing water retention, purification, and ecological regulation functions. Overall, this invention not only effectively improves the control efficiency of field ridges against lateral seepage and non-point source pollution, reducing the environmental burden of farmland on external water bodies, but also enhances the water resource utilization rate and environmental sustainability of agricultural production, demonstrating significant environmental benefits and application value.

[0089] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program goods. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program goods embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0090] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program goods according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0091] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0092] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing ecological field ridges to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution, characterized in that, include: Obtain soil, elevation, and area information for the target area, and determine the field ridge area and farmland area based on the soil, elevation, and area information; Obtain the design heights of the field ridge area and the farmland area, and determine the preset height of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the design heights of the field ridge area and the farmland area; Obtain the drought-tolerant depth and flood-tolerant depth of the planted crops, and determine the design height of the buffer zone based on the drought-tolerant depth and flood-tolerant depth of the planted crops; Hydrological simulations were conducted based on the design height of the farmland area and the design height of the buffer zone to determine the hydraulic characteristics of the farmland area. Based on the relationship between the length-to-width ratio and hydraulic characteristics of the farmland area, the width of the buffer zone and the amount of filler inside the buffer zone are determined. Based on the preset height of the buffer zone, the width of the buffer zone, the amount of filler inside the buffer zone, and the design height of the field ridge area, the field ridge area, buffer zone area, and farmland area are established respectively.

2. The method for constructing ecological field ridges to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When determining field ridge areas and farmland areas based on soil, elevation, and area information, the following should be included: Based on soil quality and area information, the soil distribution characteristics of the target area are obtained, and the soil suitability areas are determined according to the soil distribution characteristics. Based on area and height information, the elevation difference information of the target area is determined, an elevation distribution layer is constructed based on the elevation difference information, and the direction of water flow path is obtained and the elevation control line is located. By overlaying soil suitability areas with elevation control lines, initial functional zoning information is established. Based on the area constraint model, the initial functional zoning information is regularized to determine the boundaries of farmland areas and field ridge areas.

3. The method for constructing ecological field ridges to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution as described in claim 2, characterized in that, By overlaying soil suitability zones with elevation control lines, initial functional zoning information is established. This initial functional zoning information is then regularized based on an area constraint model. When determining farmland area boundaries and field ridge area boundaries, the following steps are taken: Spatial clustering and planar segmentation are performed on the initial functional zoning information to form a set of candidate functional regions with coherent structure. Each candidate region contains region boundary, area value and geometric attribute information. The candidate functional region set is input into the area constraint model. Based on the preset target area range, aspect ratio and boundary connectivity rules, abnormal fragments are filtered, edge regions are merged, and a regularized functional partition layer is output. Based on the elevation attributes and function type labels in the regularized functional zoning layer, farmland functional zones and field ridge functional zones are extracted and classified, and the boundary information of farmland area and field ridge area are determined respectively.

4. The method for constructing ecological field ridges to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When determining the preset height of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the design height of the field ridge area and the design height of the farmland area, the following should be included: Regional elevation information sets for farmland area boundaries and field ridge area boundaries were extracted from the elevation model data, respectively. Based on the regional elevation information set of farmland area boundary information, obtain the average elevation value of the farmland area; Based on the regional elevation information set of the field ridge area boundary information, the average elevation value of the field ridge area is obtained; Obtain the elevation difference between the average elevation of the field ridge area and the average elevation of the farmland area, and determine the preset height of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the elevation difference and the preset buffer zone elevation range. When the elevation difference is within the preset buffer zone elevation difference range, the elevation difference is determined to be the preset height of the buffer zone. When the elevation difference is not within the preset buffer zone elevation difference range, the median of the preset buffer zone elevation difference range is obtained. Based on the relationship between the median of the preset buffer zone elevation difference range and the elevation difference, the adjustment range is determined, and the elevation difference adjusted according to the adjustment range is determined as the preset height of the buffer zone.

5. The method for constructing ecological field ridges to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When determining the adjustment range based on the relationship between the median of the preset buffer zone elevation difference range and the elevation difference, the following should be included: Obtain the absolute value of the difference between the median of the preset buffer zone elevation difference range and the elevation difference value, and determine the adjustment range based on the relationship between the absolute value of the difference and the first preset difference and the second preset difference. When the absolute value of the difference is lower than the first preset difference, the adjustment range is determined to be L1; When the absolute value of the difference is higher than or equal to the first preset difference and lower than the second preset difference, the adjustment range is determined to be L2. When the absolute value of the difference is higher than or equal to the second preset difference, the adjustment range is determined to be L3; Among them, the first preset difference is less than the second preset difference, and L1 < L2 < L3.

6. The method for constructing ecological field ridges to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When determining the design height of the buffer zone based on the drought-tolerant and flood-tolerant depths of the planted vegetation, the following should be included: The range of water level for planting is determined based on the drought-tolerant and flood-tolerant depths of the planted plants. The design height of the buffer zone is determined based on the relationship between the preset height of the buffer zone and the range of aquaculture water volume. When the preset height of the buffer zone is within the range of the aquaculture water volume height, the preset height of the buffer zone is determined to be the design height of the buffer zone. When the preset height of the buffer zone exceeds the range of aquaculture water volume height, the median aquaculture water volume height within the range is obtained, and the correction range is determined based on the relationship between the preset height of the buffer zone and the median aquaculture water volume height. The preset height of the buffer zone is adjusted according to the correction range, and the adjusted preset height of the buffer zone is determined as the design height of the buffer zone.

7. The method for constructing ecological field ridges to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When determining the correction range based on the relationship between the preset height of the buffer zone and the median height of the aquaculture water volume, the following should be included: Obtain the height difference between the preset height of the buffer zone and the median height of the aquaculture water volume, and determine the correction range based on the relationship between the height difference and the pre-configured first and second preset height differences: When the height difference is lower than the first preset height difference, the correction range is determined to be K1; When the height difference is higher than or equal to the first preset height difference and lower than the second preset height difference, the correction range is determined to be K2. When the height difference is higher than or equal to the second preset height difference, the correction range is determined to be K3; Among them, the first preset height difference is less than the second preset height difference, and K1 < K2 < K3.

8. The method for constructing ecological field ridges to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When determining the width of the buffer zone based on the relationship between the length-to-width ratio and hydraulic characteristics of the farmland area, the following factors are considered: Based on hydrological simulation, the average flow velocity of water flow between different surface runoff conditions in the farmland area was obtained; The minimum hydraulic residence time threshold required for effective interception of pollutants is pre-configured, and the product of the average flow velocity and the minimum residence time is corrected according to the aspect ratio of the farmland area to determine the initial buffer zone width; The ecological protection width is determined based on the relationship between the drought-tolerant depth and flood-tolerant depth of the planted vegetation and the average flow velocity of the water. The width of the buffer zone is determined based on the relationship between the ecological protection width and the initial buffer zone width: When the ecological guarantee width is greater than the initial buffer zone width, the ecological guarantee width is determined to be the width of the buffer zone. If the initial buffer zone width is greater than the ecological guarantee width, then the initial buffer zone width is determined to be the width of the buffer zone.

9. The method for constructing ecological field ridges to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution as described in claim 8, characterized in that, When determining the amount of filler material inside the buffer zone based on the relationship between the length-to-width ratio and hydraulic characteristics of the farmland area, the following should be included: The surface runoff volume of the farmland area is determined based on its length-to-width ratio and hydraulic characteristics. Obtain the rainfall conditions and crop types of the target area, and determine the pollutant concentration values ​​based on the area, rainfall conditions, and crop types of the target area; The pollution load output per unit area is determined based on the relationship between surface runoff volume and pollutant concentration. The packing volume is determined based on the relationship between the pollution load output and the preset pollution removal efficiency value. The amount of filler inside the buffer zone is determined based on the filler volume and the design height and width of the buffer zone.

10. The method for constructing ecological field ridges to mitigate lateral seepage and intercept non-point source pollution as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The internal filler of the buffer zone consists of clay, biochar, functional microorganisms, superabsorbent polymer, and zero-valent iron.

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