Integrated small pressurized water reactor and containment system thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated small pressurized water reactor and a containment system thereof, and relates to the technical field of nuclear reactors. The first mounting structure and the second mounting structure are arranged on the shell of the containment, the electrical penetration assembly, the mechanical penetration assembly and the electric heater access hole in the shell of the containment are all located between the first mounting structure and the second mounting structure, and the first mounting structure and the second mounting structure are suitable for mounting the first platform and the second platform correspondingly; the first platform and the second platform can be arranged between the containment and the pool enclosure structure, and a first space can be formed between the first platform and the second platform. The first space formed between the first platform and the second platform can be kept dry during refueling, so that instrument cables and the like outside the containment shell cannot be disassembled and assembled during refueling operation and maintenance, meanwhile, the instrument cables and the like can be prevented from being flooded and corroded, the workload of operation and maintenance is greatly reduced, and operation and maintenance are easy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear reactors, in particular to an integrated small-sized pressurized water reactor and a containment system thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The containment is the final heat sink for removing the sensible heat of the reactor cooling system, the decay heat of the reactor core and the decay heat associated with the accident sources. The containment is usually a metal or concrete shell. The containment of a typical pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant is designed to accommodate the reactor cooling system and other related systems, and the equipment and facilities contained therein generally include: reactor, reactor vessel, steam generator, main circulating pump, pressurizer, refueling equipment, related pipelines, valves and electrical / instrumentation and control equipment, and refueling pool, process system room, etc. The containment is the last barrier to prevent the spread of radioactive materials to the environment, and needs to be able to withstand the pressure and temperature changes generated when a loss of coolant accident occurs, as well as the effects of natural disasters or external debris impact.

[0003] The integrated small-sized reactor usually adopts a simplified design of passive safety system, and the containment is small and does not have a safety water source inside. In order to improve the gravity injection water level, the spacing between the reactor pressure vessel and the containment is designed to be less than 1m. The existing containment structure is not easy to operate and maintain, and the operation and maintenance period is long. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides an integrated small-sized pressurized water reactor and a containment system thereof, which is easy to operate and maintain.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a containment system of an integrated small-sized pressurized water reactor, comprising:

[0006] A containment is adapted to be arranged in a pool enclosure and capable of accommodating a reactor pressure vessel, a shell of the containment is provided with a first mounting structure, a second mounting structure, an electrical penetration, a mechanical penetration, an electric heater access hole, an upper heat exchanger access hole and a lower heat exchanger access hole, wherein the electrical penetration, the mechanical penetration and the electric heater access hole are located between the first mounting structure and the second mounting structure, and the upper heat exchanger access hole and the lower heat exchanger access hole are located below the second mounting structure;

[0007] The first mounting structure is adapted to mount a first platform, and the first platform is capable of being arranged between the containment and the pool enclosure;

[0008] The second mounting structure is located below the first mounting structure and is adapted to mount a second platform, and the second platform is capable of being arranged between the containment and the pool enclosure and capable of forming a first space with the first platform.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner, the containment vessel comprises a barrel and a top head, a main flange for dismounting the top head is arranged on an outer wall of the barrel, and the first mounting structure is arranged below the main flange.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, the first mounting structure is arranged close to the main flange.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, a difference between an inner diameter of the barrel and an outer diameter of the reactor pressure vessel at a corresponding position is between 5 m and 6 m; and / or

[0012] The inner diameter of the barrel is between 9 m and 11 m.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, the containment vessel system further comprises:

[0014] A plurality of third platforms are arranged at different heights of the barrel, the third platforms are capable of being arranged between the containment vessel and the reactor pressure vessel, and a personnel access passage is arranged on each of the third platforms.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, two adjacent third platforms are connected by a ladder.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the personnel access passage is an annular passage with a width of between 2 m and 3 m.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner, a first thermal insulation layer is arranged on the periphery of the reactor pressure vessel, and a gap is arranged between the first thermal insulation layer and the reactor pressure vessel.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, a space between the containment vessel and the reactor pressure vessel is capable of arranging a process pipeline, a second thermal insulation layer is arranged on the periphery of the process pipeline, and a gap is arranged between the second thermal insulation layer and the process pipeline.

[0019] In a possible implementation manner, the barrel comprises a first part and a second part, the first part is arranged below the second part, an inner diameter of the first part is smaller than an inner diameter of the second part, the first part and the second part are connected by a transition section, and the inner diameter of the second part is referred to as an inner diameter of the barrel.

[0020] The electrical penetration assembly, the mechanical penetration assembly, the electric heater access hole, the upper heat exchanger access hole, and the lower heat exchanger access hole are all arranged on the shell of the second part, and an internal space of the reactor pressure vessel corresponding to the first part is capable of arranging a reactor core.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner, the inner diameter of the first part is between 3 m and 5 m.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the bottom of the first part is adapted to abut against a bottom support structure.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the containment system further comprises:

[0024] a plurality of side support structures respectively located at different heights of the containment, the side support structures being connectable between the containment and the pool enclosure and capable of supporting the containment.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the containment system further comprises:

[0026] a support bracket adapted to be connected between the containment and the reactor pressure vessel and capable of supporting the reactor pressure vessel.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the electrical penetration and the mechanical penetration are both located above the top of the reactor pressure vessel.

[0028] In a possible implementation, a second space is formed below the second platform, and the second space is used to accommodate coolant.

[0029] In a second aspect, the application provides an integrated small-sized pressurized water reactor. The integrated small-sized pressurized water reactor comprises the containment system according to the first aspect.

[0030] According to the application, the first mounting structure and the second mounting structure are arranged on the shell of the containment, the electrical penetration, the mechanical penetration and the electric heater access hole on the shell of the containment are located between the first mounting structure and the second mounting structure, the first mounting structure and the second mounting structure are respectively adapted to mount the first platform and the second platform, the first platform and the second platform are both capable of being arranged between the containment and the pool enclosure, and a first space is formed between the first platform and the second platform. The first space formed between the first platform and the second platform can be kept dry during refueling, so that the instrument cables and the like outside the shell of the containment do not need to be disassembled and assembled during refueling and maintenance, and the instrument cables and the like can be prevented from being flooded and corroded, thereby greatly reducing the workload of maintenance and facilitating maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application, and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the application. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a containment system of an integrated small-sized pressurized water reactor provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0033] Figure 2 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the thermal insulation layer provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0034] The reference signs in the drawings are as follows:

[0035] 100, containment system; 10, containment; 20, reactor pressure vessel; 30, pool enclosure; 40, bottom support structure; 51, first thermal insulation layer; 52, second thermal insulation layer; 60, process piping; 11, top head; 12, shell; 101, electrical penetration; 102, mechanical penetration; 103, electrical heater access hole; 104, upper heat exchanger access hole; 105, lower heat exchanger access hole; 106, main flange; 107, first side support structure; 108, second side support structure; 109, support bracket; 110, third platform; 111, ladder; 121, transition section; 301, first platform; 302, second platform; 131, first space; 132, second space. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios without creative labor. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise or otherwise stated, the same reference signs in the drawings represent the same structure or operation.

[0037] As shown in the present application, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise or otherwise stated, the words "one", "a", "an", and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular, but can also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprise" and "include" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements explicitly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or device can also include other steps or elements.

[0038] The foregoing is a summary and thus contains only the most basic embodiment. The application can be practiced with the specific embodiments and options described herein, and it can also be practiced without such specific embodiments and options. Furthermore, the foregoing summary should not limit the scope of the application to a single feature or option described herein. Accordingly, no single feature or option is a requisite for the practice of this application. Unless otherwise specifically explained herein, the relative arrangements of parts, sequences of processes, numerical expressions, and values stated in these embodiments are not meant to limit the scope of the present application. Also, it is to be understood that the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and that, for the sake of convenience and clarity, not all parts of a given construction are necessarily shown to scale in the drawings. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill can not be discussed in detail herein. However, the techniques, methods, and apparatus are sufficiently described herein such that one of ordinary skill in the art can practice the present application. Any examples in this detailed description are not intended to be limiting and are presented for illustrative purposes only. Other examples can be utilized and derived therefrom without departing from the scope of the present application. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like elements throughout the several views of the drawings and that discussion of one view should not exclude the possibility of a similar feature appearing in another view. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure, and will not be interpreted in an overly literal or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

[0039] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by orientation words such as "front, back, upper, lower, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal", and "top, bottom" and the like are generally based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate and imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the outline of each component.

[0040] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "over", "above", "upper surface", "upper", and the like can be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature with respect to other devices or features as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the devices as described in the drawings. For example, if the devices in the drawings are inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will be positioned "below" or "under" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below" orientations. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0041] In addition, it should be noted that the use of "first", "second", and the like words to define objects is merely to facilitate distinguishing the corresponding objects such as no special meaning is declared, the above words cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, although the terms used in the present application are selected from commonly known terms, some terms mentioned in the specification of the present application can be selected by the applicant according to his or her judgment, and the detailed meaning thereof is described in the relevant part of the description. In addition, the present application is required to be understood not only by the actual terms used, but also by the meaning implied by each term.

[0042] It will be understood that when a component is referred to as being "on", "connected to", "coupled with" or "contacting" another component, it can be directly on, connected to, coupled with or contacting the other component, or intervening components can be present. In contrast, when a component is referred to as being "directly on", "directly connected to", "directly coupled with" or "directly contacting" another component, there are no intervening components present. By the same token, when a first component is referred to as being "electrically contacting" or "electrically coupled with" a second component, there is an electrical path between the first component and the second component that allows current to flow. The electrical path can include capacitors, coupled inductors and / or other components that allow current to flow, even in the absence of direct contact between electrically conductive components.

[0043] The integral small pressurized water reactor generally adopts a small containment. The small size of the containment causes the equipment in the containment to be in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment of the released coolant after the energy release under accident conditions, and part of the electrical instrument equipment needs to withstand the additional high temperature, high pressure and high radiation environment under accident conditions.

[0044] Because the space in the containment is limited, the installation, operation and maintenance operation of the process and electrical equipment in the containment and the operation space required for the tools are limited; when the loop pipe is welded, part of the installation space is limited, and the accessibility needs to be improved by design. At the same time, the cables in part of the area are dense, the pipes and cables in the containment are crossed, and the actual operation and maintenance operation of the personnel after wearing protective equipment is limited in space, which leads to the extension of the operation and maintenance period.

[0045] Unlike traditional pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plants, the limited space between the containment vessel and reactor pressure vessel in integrated small pressurized water reactors (SWRs) results in insufficient radial space for laying metal insulation layers. To reduce heat loss, vacuuming is used to insulate the reactor pressure vessel and piping within the containment vessel during normal operation. However, after vacuuming, radiative heat transfer occurs within the containment, leading to higher ambient temperatures inside the containment during normal operation. Mechanical and electrical equipment within the containment needs to withstand long-term high-radiation environments with average temperatures exceeding 150°C, far exceeding the design temperatures of similar mature mechanical and electrical equipment in traditional nuclear power plants.

[0046] This application provides an integrated containment system for a small pressurized water reactor that is easy to operate and maintain. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the containment system of the integrated small pressurized water reactor provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the containment system 100 includes a containment 10. The containment 10 has an electrical penetration 101, a mechanical penetration 102, an electric heater access port 103, an upper heat exchanger access port 104, and a lower heat exchanger access port 105. These access ports are used for maintenance of the upper and lower outlets of the electric heater and heat exchanger assembly, respectively. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the electrical penetration 101, mechanical penetration 102, electric heater access hole 103, upper heat exchanger access hole 104, and lower heat exchanger access hole 105 are arranged sequentially along the height of the containment 10. It is understood that the arrangement order of the electrical penetration 101, mechanical penetration 102, electric heater access hole 103, upper heat exchanger access hole 104, and lower heat exchanger access hole 105 can be set according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0047] In some embodiments, the containment 10 includes a top end cap 11 and a cylindrical body 12. The inner diameters of the top end cap 11 and the cylindrical body 12 may be the same or different. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the inner diameters of the top end cap 11 and the cylindrical body 12 are substantially the same. Exemplarily, the cylindrical body 12 is cylindrical, and the top end cap 11 is hemispherical. The containment vessel 10 is made of metal or concrete. A main flange 106 for assembling and disassembling the top end cap 11 is provided on the outer wall of the cylindrical body 12. The main flange 106 allows for the disassembly and assembly of the top end cap 11. After the top end cap 11 of the containment vessel 10 is lifted off, the equipment inside the containment vessel 10 can be lifted off from the top. The outer diameter of the main flange 106 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the corresponding position on the cylindrical body 12 of the containment vessel 10; for example, the outer diameter of the main flange 106 is about 50 cm larger than the outer diameter of the corresponding position on the cylindrical body 12, making the main flange 106 feasible to manufacture.

[0048] The containment vessel 10 is suitable for placement within the pool enclosure structure 30 and is capable of accommodating the reactor pressure vessel 20. The containment vessel 10 and the reactor pressure vessel 20 may have substantially the same shape, but the containment vessel 10 is larger than the reactor pressure vessel 20. The space between the containment vessel 10 and the reactor pressure vessel 20 can accommodate instrument cables, process piping, and other items. The containment vessel 10 can support the reactor pressure vessel 20 via support brackets 109 (e.g., Figure 1 The two triangular structures shown support each other, meaning the support bracket 109 is adapted to connect the containment vessel 10 and the reactor pressure vessel 20. Furthermore, the containment vessel 10 can be supported by multiple side support structures (such as...). Figure 1 The first side support structure 107 and the second side support structure 108 are connected to the pool enclosure structure 30 for support, meaning the side support structures can connect between the containment vessel 10 and the pool enclosure structure 30. Multiple side support structures are located at different heights of the containment vessel 10. It is understood that the position and number of the supporting brackets 109 and the side support structures can be set according to actual needs. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the containment vessel 10 is supported by two pairs of support brackets located between the upper inspection hole 104 and the lower inspection hole 105 of the heat exchanger. The multiple side support structures include a first side support structure 107 located between the mechanical penetration 102 and the electric heater inspection hole 103, and a second side support structure 108 located between the upper inspection hole 104 and the lower inspection hole 105 of the heat exchanger.

[0049] In some embodiments, the electrical penetration 101 and the mechanical penetration 102 are both located above the top of the reactor pressure vessel 20 to facilitate the installation of cables and other devices coming out from the top of the reactor pressure vessel 20.

[0050] The containment vessel 10 also has a first mounting structure (not shown) and a second mounting structure (not shown), with the second mounting structure located below the first mounting structure. Electrical penetrations 101, mechanical penetrations 102, and an electric heater access hole 103 are all located between the first and second mounting structures. Upper heat exchanger access hole 104 and lower heat exchanger access hole 105 are both located below the second mounting structure. The first mounting structure is suitable for mounting the first platform 301, and the second mounting structure is suitable for mounting the second platform 302. Both the first platform 301 and the second platform 302 can be positioned between the containment vessel 10 and the pool enclosure structure 30, forming a first space 131 between them. It is understood that the first platform 301 and the second platform 302 can be structures separate from the containment vessel 10 and / or the pool enclosure structure 30, or auxiliary structures of the containment vessel 10 or the pool enclosure structure 30. Figure 1In the shown embodiment, the first platform 301 is an auxiliary structure of the containment 10, and the second platform 302 is an auxiliary structure of the pool enclosure 30. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific forms of the first mounting structure, the second mounting structure, the first platform 301 and the second platform 302.

[0051] In the embodiments of the present application, the first mounting structure and the second mounting structure are arranged on the shell of the containment 10, the electrical penetration assembly 101, the mechanical penetration assembly 102 and the electrical heater access hole 103 on the shell of the containment 10 are located between the first mounting structure and the second mounting structure, the first mounting structure and the second mounting structure are respectively adapted to mount the first platform 301 and the second platform 302, the first platform 301 and the second platform 302 can be arranged between the containment 10 and the pool enclosure 30, and the first space 131 can be formed between the first platform 301 and the second platform 302. The first space 131 can be kept dry during refueling, so that the instrument cables and the like outside the shell of the containment 10 can not be disassembled during refueling and maintenance, and the instrument cables and the like can be prevented from being flooded and corroded, thereby greatly reducing the workload of maintenance and facilitating maintenance. The second space 132 can be formed below the second platform 302. The second space 132 is used to accommodate the coolant such as water. Exemplarily, the second space 132 is formed as a pool, and the containment 10 below the second platform 302 can be immersed in the pool for a long time, and only the upper heat exchanger access hole 104 and the lower heat exchanger access hole 105 are arranged in the part immersed in the pool, without electrical equipment and cables and the like.

[0052] In some embodiments, the first mounting structure is located below the main flange 106, i.e., the first platform 301 is located below the main flange 106, and optionally, the first mounting structure is arranged close to the main flange 106, i.e., the first platform 301 is arranged close to the main flange 106, thereby further improving the sealing performance of the first space 131 formed between the first platform 301 and the second platform 302.

[0053] In some embodiments, the difference between the inner diameter of the barrel 12 and the outer diameter of the reactor pressure vessel 20 at the corresponding position is between 5 meters and 6 meters, for example, can be 5 meters, 5.5 meters or 6 meters, etc. Exemplarily, the inner diameter of the barrel 12 is between 9 meters and 11 meters, for example, can be 9 meters, 9.5 meters, 10 meters, 10.5 meters or 11 meters, etc. In the embodiments of the present application, the inner diameter of the barrel 12 is expanded, and the spacing between the barrel 12 and the reactor pressure vessel 20 is increased, so that the operation and maintenance space is increased while still meeting the requirements of road transportation, and sufficient space is provided for the coolant. In addition, the containment 10 in this embodiment can still be constructed in a modular manner, which is essentially different from the traditional large-scale concrete or steel containment which is assembled on site.

[0054] In such embodiments, there is a sufficient space between the containment vessel 10 and the reactor pressure vessel 20 to allow installation of a thermal insulation layer (e.g., a metal reflective thermal insulation layer). In one example embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , a first thermal insulation layer 51 is provided on the periphery of the reactor pressure vessel 20, and there is a gap between the first thermal insulation layer 51 and the reactor pressure vessel 20, which is reserved for thermal expansion and manufacturing processing allowance. A second thermal insulation layer 52 is provided on the periphery of the process piping 60, and there is a gap between the second thermal insulation layer 52 and the process piping 60, which is reserved for thermal expansion and manufacturing processing allowance. By providing the thermal insulation layer, heat loss can be reduced, and personnel access for maintenance is not affected. The valves, piping, instruments, etc. in the safety bridge also have space for disassembly and inspection. The metal reflective thermal insulation layer also has a low emissivity characteristic, which reduces heat radiation and reduces the risk of excessive heat radiation temperature in the space in the containment vessel 10 due to vacuum extraction.

[0055] Continuing to refer to Figure 1 , a plurality of third platforms 110 are provided at different heights inside the containment vessel 10. The third platforms 110 can be provided between the containment vessel 10 and the reactor pressure vessel 20. A pedestrian walkway is provided on the third platforms 110. Exemplarily, the pedestrian walkway is an annular walkway with a width of between 2 meters and 3 meters, and the remaining annular positions can be used as temporary placement areas for maintenance items. Further, adjacent two third platforms 110 are connected by a ladder 111. It can be understood that the number and position of the third platforms 110 can be set according to actual needs. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 , there are eight third platforms 110 in the form of ring corridors. Each third platform 110 corresponds to maintenance items in different height directions, and maintenance personnel perform maintenance on different items on the corresponding third platform 110.

[0056] In some embodiments, the barrel 12 includes a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion is located below the second portion, the inner diameter of the first portion is smaller than the inner diameter of the second portion, and the first portion and the second portion are connected by a transition section 121. Exemplarily, the inner diameter of the second portion is about twice the inner diameter of the first portion. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 , the transition section 121 is a conical transition section. It can be understood that the shape of the transition section 121 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0057] The electrical penetration assembly 101, the mechanical penetration assembly 102, the electrical heater manhole 103, the upper heat exchanger manhole 104, and the lower heat exchanger manhole 105 are located on the shell of the second part. The internal space of the first part corresponding to the reactor pressure vessel 20 can be arranged with a core. In such an embodiment, the inner diameter of the second part is referred to as the inner diameter of the barrel 12. Further, the spacing between the first part and the corresponding position of the reactor pressure vessel 20 can be smaller than the spacing between the second part and the corresponding position of the reactor pressure vessel 20. The embodiments of the present application can further meet the requirements of the ex-core nuclear measurement position and the safety water level in the containment after an accident by reducing the diameter of the containment 10 at the position corresponding to the core, for example, the inner diameter of the first part of the containment 10 is between 3 meters and 5 meters, for example, can be 3 meters, 4 meters or 5 meters, etc., to improve the detection accuracy.

[0058] In some embodiments, the bottom of the first part is adapted to abut against a bottom support structure 40. The bottom support structure 40 is arranged on the ground. The containment 10, the reactor pressure vessel 20, and the core and equipment inside the reactor pressure vessel 20 are supported by the bottom support structure 40, thereby improving the stability of the containment system 100. It can be understood that the pool enclosure 30 and the bottom support structure 40 are both building structures of the nuclear power plant. The installed nuclear power plant includes the above-mentioned containment 10, reactor pressure vessel 20, core, control equipment and other components.

[0059] The embodiments of the present application also provide an integrated small pressurized water reactor. The integrated small pressurized water reactor includes the above-mentioned containment system 100.

[0060] In the embodiments of the present application, by reasonably arranging the spacing between the reactor pressure vessel 20 and the containment 10 and adding the third platform 110 at the position of operation and maintenance, the operation and maintenance space is increased, the accessibility of personnel is improved, and the difficulty of operation and maintenance is reduced. The above arrangement can provide sufficient operation and maintenance space for the operation and maintenance of the main equipment in the containment 10 and the in-service inspection of the weld. Moreover, during operation and maintenance, the containment 10 and the reactor pressure vessel 20 do not need to be hoisted, thereby reducing the operation and maintenance workload. In addition, the expanded containment barrel increases the free volume, thereby reducing the pressure peak under accident conditions. The added thermal insulation layer reduces the heat dissipation of the reactor pressure vessel 20, reduces the temperature in the containment 10, reduces the heat exchange between the containment 10 and the pool (the second space 132), and improves the economy.

[0061] The above has described the basic concept. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above-mentioned disclosure of the invention is only an example and does not constitute a limitation on the present application. Although it is not explicitly stated here, those skilled in the art can make various modifications, improvements and corrections to the present application. Such modifications, improvements and corrections are suggested in the present application, so such modifications, improvements and corrections still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0062] Also, certain terminology has been used in the foregoing description for the purpose of reference only. The terms "one embodiment", "an embodiment” and / or "some embodiments” means a certain feature, structure, or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, use of the terms "one embodiment”, "an embodiment” and / or "some embodiments” in various places in the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment(s). Furthermore, the terms "a” or "an” are intended to mean one or more unless specified otherwise.

[0063] Similarly, it is to be noticed that the term "comprising", used in the context of describing a composition, a compound, a formulation, a process or a method, should not be understood as being restricted to the means listed thereafter; it does not exclude other elements or steps. It is thus to be interpreted as specifying the presence of the stated features, integers, steps or components as referred to, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components, or groups thereof. Moreover, it is understood that the word "a" or "an" preceding an element in the description denotes one or more of the element.

[0064] Although the application has been described with reference to current embodiments, persons of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and the scope of the application. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application to be indicated by the appended claims and their equivalents rather than the foregoing description.

Claims

1. An integrated containment system for a small pressurized water reactor, characterized in that, include: A containment vessel, suitable for placement within a water tank enclosure structure and capable of accommodating a reactor pressure vessel, is provided with a first mounting structure, a second mounting structure, electrical penetrations, mechanical penetrations, an electric heater access port, an upper heat exchanger access port, and a lower heat exchanger access port. The electrical penetrations, mechanical penetrations, and electric heater access ports are all located between the first and second mounting structures, while the upper and lower heat exchanger access ports are both located below the second mounting structure. The first mounting structure is adapted to install the first platform, which can be disposed between the containment structure and the pool enclosure structure; The second mounting structure is located below the first mounting structure and is suitable for mounting a second platform. The second platform can be disposed between the containment structure and the pool enclosure structure and can form a first space with the first platform.

2. The containment system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The containment vessel includes a shell and a top end cap. A main flange for assembling and disassembling the top end cap is provided on the outer wall of the shell, and the first mounting structure is located below the main flange.

3. The containment system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The first mounting structure is positioned close to the main flange.

4. The containment system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The difference between the inner diameter of the cylinder and the outer diameter of the corresponding reactor pressure vessel is between 5 and 6 meters; and / or The inner diameter of the cylinder is between 9 and 11 meters.

5. The containment system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple third platforms are located at different heights of the containment vessel. Each third platform can be positioned between the containment vessel and the reactor pressure vessel, and a pedestrian walkway is provided on each third platform.

6. The containment system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The two adjacent third platforms are connected by ladders.

7. The containment system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The pedestrian walkway is a ring-shaped passage with a width between 2 and 3 meters.

8. The containment system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, The reactor pressure vessel is surrounded by a first insulation layer, and there is a gap between the first insulation layer and the reactor pressure vessel.

9. The containment system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, The space between the containment vessel and the reactor pressure vessel is capable of accommodating process piping. A second insulation layer is provided around the process piping, and there is a gap between the second insulation layer and the process piping.

10. The containment system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, The cylindrical body includes a first part and a second part. The first part is located below the second part. The inner diameter of the first part is smaller than the inner diameter of the second part. The first part and the second part are connected by a transition section. The inner diameter of the second part is called the inner diameter of the cylindrical body. The electrical penetration, the mechanical penetration, the electric heater inspection hole, the upper inspection hole of the heat exchanger, and the lower inspection hole of the heat exchanger are all located on the shell of the second part, and the internal space of the reactor pressure vessel corresponding to the first part can accommodate the reactor core.

11. The containment system as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the first part is between 3 and 5 meters.

12. The containment system as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The bottom of the first part is adapted to abut against a bottom support structure.

13. The containment system as claimed in any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple side support structures are located at different heights of the containment structure. The side support structures can connect between the containment structure and the pool enclosure structure and support the containment structure.

14. The containment system as claimed in any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, Also includes: Support brackets are adapted to connect between the containment vessel and the reactor pressure vessel and to support the reactor pressure vessel.

15. The containment system as claimed in any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, Both the electrical penetration and the mechanical penetration are located above the top of the reactor pressure vessel.

16. The containment system as claimed in any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, A second space can be formed below the second platform, and the second space is used to contain coolant.

17. An integrated small pressurized water reactor, characterized in that, Includes the containment system according to any one of claims 1-16.

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