Transmit-receive separation laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function and on-orbit calibration method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a transceiver separation laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function and an on-orbit calibration method thereof, and solves the problem that the existing transceiver separation laser communication systems cannot calibrate the optical axis of a signal transmitting channel and the optical axis of a signal receiving channel on orbit, the application reflects output laser to the direction of the optical axis of an objective lens through a pre-sighting reflector, sets a transmitting light path beam splitter and an angle reflector on the light path of the output laser reflected by the pre-sighting reflector, and has the same basic function (i.e. transceiver function) as the traditional transceiver separation laser communication system, and has a unique on-orbit calibration function of consistency of transceiving optical axes, so that the transceiving optical axes can be calibrated at any time, and the influence of satellite emission, on-orbit microgravity release and space environment thermal alternation on the capture and tracking of transceiving laser (i.e. input laser and output laser) is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a transceiver-separated laser communication system and its calibration method, specifically to a transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function and its on-orbit calibration method. Background Technology

[0002] Laser communication systems with separate transmit and receive channels offer advantages such as reduced optical path interference and optimized signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) because the laser signals are transmitted and received independently.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, the structure of an existing laser communication system includes a signal transmitting component 01, a beam shortening component 02, a first turntable folding mirror 03, a second turntable folding mirror 04, and a relay optical path component 05.

[0004] The signal transmitting component 01 includes a signal transmitting fiber 011 connected to an external laser at its incident end, and a laser collimator 012, a forward aiming mirror 013, and a transmitting optical path mirror 014 arranged sequentially at the output end of the signal transmitting fiber 011 along the optical path of the output laser. The laser is used to emit an output laser with a wavelength of λ1. The signal transmitting fiber 011 receives the output laser and emits it. After being expanded by the laser collimator 012, the laser beam is emitted at a certain divergence angle to the forward aiming mirror 013. The forward aiming mirror 013 is a fast deflecting mirror based on a piezoelectric ceramic actuator. The forward aiming mirror 013 changes the forward aiming angle of the output laser, and then it is reflected into the outer space by the transmitting optical path mirror 014.

[0005] The beam-shrinking assembly 02 shrinks the input laser beam through the objective lens 022 and the eyepiece 021, and then folds it through the first turntable folding mirror 03 and the second turntable folding mirror 04 into the relay optical path assembly 05.

[0006] The relay optical path assembly 05 includes a fine tracking mirror 051, an energy beam splitter 052, a communication receiving focusing mirror 053, a communication receiving fiber optic cable 054, a capture and tracking focusing mirror 055, and a detector 056. The fine tracking mirror 051 is a fast deflection mirror based on a piezoelectric ceramic actuator, used to quickly capture and track the input laser carrying target information and reflect it to the energy beam splitter 052. The energy beam splitter 052 splits the input laser into reflected input light and transmitted input light. The communication receiving focusing mirror 053 and the communication receiving fiber optic cable 054 are arranged sequentially along the optical path of the reflected input light. The communication receiving focusing mirror 053 is used to couple the reflected input light to the communication receiving fiber optic cable 054 to receive the corresponding signal. The capture and tracking focusing mirror 055 and the detector 056 are arranged sequentially along the optical path of the transmitted input light. The capture and tracking focusing mirror 055 is used to converge the transmitted input light onto the target surface of the detector 056.

[0007] In this system, the output end of the transmitting optical path reflector 014 serves as the signal transmission channel for the transceiver-separated laser communication system, while the incident end of the objective lens 022 serves as the signal receiving channel. The forward-looking reflector 013 faces away from the signal receiving channel, ensuring that the output laser reflected by the forward-looking reflector 013 points away from the optical axis of the signal receiving channel. The transmitting optical path reflector 014 is positioned on the optical path of the output laser reflected by the forward-looking reflector 013, thus physically separating the signal transmission and receiving channels. Therefore, the optical axes of the signal transmission and receiving channels must be precisely matched; otherwise, the signal receiving channel may fail to capture the output laser from the other terminal. For example, in satellite-to-ground laser communication, if the coaxiality of the earth station's transmission and reception deviates by 0.1°, the earth station may receive the signal from the satellite terminal during scanning, but due to the 0.1° deviation in transmission... The pointing deviation will cause the light spot to deviate from the satellite receiving surface by tens of kilometers, resulting in acquisition failure. In fact, the relative position between the optical axis of the signal transmission channel and the optical axis of the signal receiving channel will change with satellite launch, on-orbit microgravity release, and thermal alternation of the space environment. Therefore, it is crucial to be able to perform on-orbit optical axis calibration for the transmit-receive laser communication system. It is a key factor affecting the acquisition and stable link establishment of the laser terminals of both parties. However, the existing transmit-receive laser communication systems cannot perform on-orbit optical axis calibration. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the technical problem that existing transceiver-separated laser communication systems cannot perform on-orbit calibration of the optical axes of the signal transmitting and receiving channels due to frequent changes in the relative positions of the optical axes of the signal transmitting and receiving channels caused by environmental conditions, this invention provides a transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function and its on-orbit calibration method.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] This invention provides a transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function, used for on-orbit transmission of output laser and / or reception of input laser for communication via laser. The system includes a signal transmitting component, a beam-shrinking component, a first turntable folding-axis mirror, a second turntable folding-axis mirror, and a relay optical path component. The signal transmitting component includes a signal transmitting fiber, a laser collimator, and a forward-looking mirror arranged sequentially along the optical path of the output laser. The beam-shrinking component includes an objective lens and an eyepiece arranged sequentially along the optical path of the input laser. The relay optical path component includes a fine-tracking mirror and an energy beam splitter arranged sequentially along the optical path of the input laser, a communication receiving fiber disposed at the reflecting end of the energy beam splitter, a detector disposed at the transmitting end of the energy beam splitter, a communication receiving focusing mirror disposed on the optical path between the energy beam splitter and the communication receiving fiber, and a capture and tracking focusing mirror disposed on the optical path between the energy beam splitter and the detector. The first and second turntable folding-axis mirrors are arranged sequentially between the exit end of the eyepiece and the incident end of the fine-tracking mirror along the optical path of the input laser.

[0011] Its special feature is that it also includes a corner reflector;

[0012] The signal transmitting component also includes a beam splitter for transmitting optical paths;

[0013] The end of the signal transmitting fiber away from the laser collimator is connected to a first laser for emitting output laser light.

[0014] The forward-looking reflector is used to reflect the output laser towards the optical axis of the objective lens;

[0015] The beam splitter for transmitting light is positioned on the optical path of the output laser after reflection by the forward aiming mirror, and corresponds to the side of the objective lens signal receiver closest to the forward aiming mirror. It is used to split the output laser into an output reflected laser and an output transmitted laser. The objective lens signal receiver is the end furthest from the eyepiece.

[0016] The corner reflector is disposed on the optical path of the output transmitted laser and is located on the outer side of the outer peripheral wall of the beam shrinking assembly. The corner reflector is used to continuously reflect the output transmitted laser so that it returns to the beam splitter of the transmitting optical path and enters the objective lens after being reflected by the beam splitter of the transmitting optical path.

[0017] One end of the communication receiving optical fiber corresponds to the focusing end of the communication receiving focusing lens, and the other end is split into two. The first split end is used to connect to the signal receiving device, and the second split end is used to connect to the second laser used to emit calibration laser.

[0018] Furthermore, the channel corresponding to the surface of the beam splitter used to emit reflected laser light is the signal transmission channel of the transceiver laser communication system, and its aperture is D1.

[0019] The channel corresponding to the signal receiving end of the objective lens is the signal receiving channel of the transceiver laser communication system, and its aperture is D2.

[0020] The aperture ratio between aperture D1 and aperture D2 The range is ,in To determine the divergence angle of the output laser, This refers to the wavelength of the output laser.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes energy attenuation plates;

[0022] The energy attenuator is disposed in the optical path between the beam splitter and the corner reflector, and is located on the outer side of the outer peripheral wall of the beam-shrinking assembly.

[0023] Furthermore, the forward-looking mirror is at a 45° angle to the axis of the objective lens.

[0024] Furthermore, the beam splitter of the emission optical path is at a 45° angle to the axis of the objective lens and is parallel to the forward-looking mirror.

[0025] Furthermore, the transmittance-reflection ratio of the beam splitter in the emission optical path is 0.5:99.5 to 1.0:99.0 for the output laser and 99.5:0.5 to 99.0:1.0 for the input laser.

[0026] This invention also provides an on-orbit calibration method for the aforementioned transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: The signal transmitting fiber receives the output laser emitted by the first laser. The output laser beam is expanded by the laser collimator and reflected by the forward aiming mirror. Part of it is reflected by the beam splitter of the transmitting optical path to form the output reflected laser, and the other part is transmitted by the beam splitter of the transmitting optical path to form the output transmitted laser. The output reflected laser is used for signal transmission. The output transmitted laser is continuously reflected by the corner reflector and returns to the beam splitter of the transmitting optical path. It is then reflected by the beam splitter of the transmitting optical path, condensed by the objective lens and eyepiece, bent by the first turntable folding mirror, bent by the second turntable folding mirror, reflected by the fine tracking mirror, transmitted by the energy beam splitter, and converged into the detector target surface by the acquisition and tracking focusing mirror to form the first signal spot. The centroid coordinates of the first signal spot are obtained. ;

[0028] Step 2: The second end of the communication receiving fiber receives the calibration laser emitted by the second laser. The calibration laser sequentially passes through the communication receiving focusing lens for beam expansion, the energy beam splitter for reflection, the fine tracking mirror for reflection, the second turntable folding-axis mirror for reflection, the first turntable folding-axis mirror for reflection, the objective lens and eyepiece for beam expansion, and the beam splitter for reflection. After continuous reflection by the corner reflector, it returns along the same path until it reaches the energy beam splitter and is transmitted through it. Then, it is converged by the capturing and tracking focusing lens into the detector target surface to form the second signal spot. The centroid coordinates of the second signal spot are then obtained. ;

[0029] Step 3: Measure the centroid coordinates of the first signal spot. Centroid coordinates of the second signal spot Calculate the angle between the output laser and the calibration laser, that is, the angle between the output laser and the input laser. :

[0030]

[0031] in, , , To ensure the focal length of the fine tracking receiving branch, the fine tracking receiving branch is a branch formed by an objective lens, an eyepiece, a first turntable folding-axis mirror, a second turntable folding-axis mirror, a fine tracking mirror, an energy beam splitter, and a capture tracking focusing mirror;

[0032] Complete the on-orbit calibration of the transceiver-separated laser communication system.

[0033] This invention also provides an on-orbit calibration method for the aforementioned transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Calculate the included angle based on the on-orbit calibration method of the aforementioned transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function. ;

[0035] Step 2, adjust the included angle With preset angle threshold contrast:

[0036] like Then proceed to step 4;

[0037] like Then proceed to step 3;

[0038] Step 3: Based on the included angle Adjust the zero position of the forward aiming mirror and / or the fine tracking mirror, and return to step 1;

[0039] Step 4: Complete the on-orbit calibration of the transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0041] 1. The present invention provides a transmit-receive laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function and its on-orbit calibration method. The output laser is reflected in the direction of the optical axis in the objective lens by a forward aiming mirror. A beam splitter and a corner reflector are set on the optical path of the output laser after reflection by the forward aiming mirror. While having the same basic functions (i.e., transmit and receive functions) as traditional transmit-receive laser communication systems, it also has a unique on-orbit calibration function for the consistency of transmit and receive optical axes. The transmit and receive optical axes can be calibrated at any time to avoid the impact of satellite launch, on-orbit microgravity release, and thermal alternation of the space environment on the acquisition and tracking of transmit and receive lasers (i.e., input lasers and output lasers).

[0042] 2. This invention provides a transmit / receive separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function and its on-orbit calibration method. An energy attenuator is installed on the optical path containing the output transmitted laser between the beam splitter and the corner reflector in the transmitting optical path. During normal communication, the detector is exposed normally, and the energy attenuator attenuates the energy of the output transmitted laser, reducing interference between the output transmitted laser and the received input laser, thus avoiding affecting the communication performance of the laser communication system. During on-orbit calibration, the detector's exposure time is increased to lengthen the energy of the output transmitted laser on the detector target surface, thereby accurately obtaining the centroid coordinates of the first signal spot. This enables high-precision on-orbit calibration.

[0043] 3. The present invention provides a transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function and its on-orbit calibration method, which adjusts the aperture ratio between the aperture D1 of the signal transmission channel and the aperture D2 of the signal receiving channel. The range is set to This achieves the best balance between avoiding excessive energy loss of the input laser and preventing the output laser from being completely reflected.

[0044] 4. The present invention provides a transceiver laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function. The structural improvement is very ingenious. One transmitting optical path reflector is improved into a transmitting optical path beam splitter, which reflects the output laser and transmits the input laser. At the same time, energy attenuators and corner reflectors are set in reasonable positions for calibration, so as to achieve on-orbit calibration function while having minimal impact on the input laser energy. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing transceiver-separated laser communication system;

[0046] Icon labels:

[0047] 01-Signal transmitting assembly, 011-Signal transmitting fiber, 012-Laser collimator, 013-Advanced aiming mirror, 014-Transmitting optical path mirror, 02-Beam converging assembly, 021-Eyepiece, 022-Objective lens, 03-First turntable folding mirror, 04-Second turntable folding mirror, 05-Relay optical path assembly, 051-Precision tracking mirror, 052-Energy beam splitter, 053-Communication receiving focusing mirror, 054-Communication receiving fiber, 055-Acquisition tracking focusing mirror; 056-Detector;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention: a transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function.

[0049] Icon labels:

[0050] 1-Signal transmitting assembly, 11-Signal transmitting fiber, 12-Laser collimator, 13-Advancing mirror, 15-Beam splitter for transmitting optical path, 2-Beam converging assembly, 21-Eyepiece, 22-Objective lens, 3-First turntable folding mirror, 4-Second turntable folding mirror, 5-Relay optical path assembly, 51-Precision tracking mirror, 52-Energy beam splitter, 53-Communication receiving focusing mirror, 54-Communication receiving fiber, 55-Acquisition and tracking focusing mirror, 56-Detector, 6-Energy attenuator, 7-Corner reflector. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] This invention provides a transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function, used for on-orbit transmission of output laser and / or reception of input laser for laser communication, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes a signal transmitting component 1 for transmitting output laser in orbit, a beam constriction component 2 for receiving input laser in orbit, a first turntable folding mirror 3, a second turntable folding mirror 4, a relay optical path component 5, an energy attenuator 6, and a corner reflector 7.

[0053] The signal transmitting assembly 1 includes a signal transmitting fiber 11, a laser collimator 12, a forward-looking mirror 13, and a beam splitter 15 arranged sequentially along the optical path of the output laser. One end of the signal transmitting fiber 11 is connected to a first laser for emitting the output laser, and the other end corresponds to the laser collimator 12. The forward-looking mirror 13 is at a 45° angle to the axis of the objective lens 22 and is used to vertically reflect the output laser towards the optical axis of the objective lens 22. The beam splitter 15 is at a 45° angle to the axis of the objective lens 22 and is parallel to the forward-looking mirror 13. It is also connected to the signal receiving end of the objective lens 22 (i.e., the receiver of the input laser). On one end of the objective lens 22, near the side of the forward-looking mirror 13, the beam splitter 15 is used to split the output laser into an output reflected laser and an output transmitted laser. The output reflected laser is used for laser communication, and the output transmitted laser is used for receiver-transmitter axis calibration. Therefore, the beam splitter 15 allows part of the output laser and the input laser to share the same optical path at the signal receiving end of the objective lens 22, laying the foundation for the calibration of receiver-transmitter axis consistency. The channel corresponding to the surface of the beam splitter 15 used to emit the output reflected laser is the signal transmission channel of the receiver-transmitter laser communication system. In this embodiment, the aperture of the signal transmission channel is D1. The transmittance-reflectance ratio range of the beam splitter 15 for the output laser is 0.5:99.5~1.0:99.0, and the transmittance-reflectance ratio range for the input laser is 99.5:0.5~99.0:1.0. In this embodiment, the reflectivity is ≥0.99@ Transmittance ≥ 0.98 , The wavelength of the output laser, The wavelength of the input laser.

[0054] The beam-shrinking assembly 2 includes an objective lens 22 and an eyepiece 21 arranged sequentially along the optical path of the input laser. The objective lens 22 can receive the input laser for communication. The objective lens 22 and the eyepiece 21 are used to shrink the input laser beam. Therefore, the channel corresponding to the signal receiving end of the objective lens 22 is the signal receiving channel of the transceiver laser communication system. In this embodiment, the aperture of the signal receiving channel is D2.

[0055] The first turntable folding mirror 3 and the second turntable folding mirror 4 are sequentially arranged between the output end of the beam-shrinking assembly 2 and the input end of the relay optical path assembly 5 along the optical path of the input laser, for deflecting the input laser. As the names suggest, the first turntable folding mirror 3 and the second turntable folding mirror 4 are folding mirrors mounted on a turntable. In this embodiment, the folding mirrors in the first turntable folding mirror 3 and the second turntable folding mirror 4 can share a turntable or each use a separate turntable.

[0056] The relay optical path assembly 5 includes a fine tracking mirror 51, an energy beam splitter 52, a communication receiving focusing mirror 53, a communication receiving fiber 54, a capture and tracking focusing mirror 55, and a detector 56. The fine tracking mirror 51 and the energy beam splitter 52 are arranged sequentially along the optical path of the input laser. The communication receiving focusing mirror 53 is located at the reflecting end of the energy beam splitter 52. One end of the communication receiving fiber 54 corresponds to the focusing end of the communication receiving focusing mirror 53, and the other end is split into two, forming a first end and a second end. The first end is used to connect to a signal receiving device for laser communication, and the second end is connected to a device for transmitting a wavelength of... The second laser is used for calibration; the detector 56 is located at the transmission end of the energy beam splitter 52, and the capture tracking focusing lens 55 is located in the optical path between the energy beam splitter 52 and the detector 56 to converge the light beam.

[0057] The energy attenuator 6 is placed on the optical path of the output transmitted laser transmitted through the beam splitter 15 of the emission optical path. It is used to attenuate the energy of the output transmitted laser so that the energy φ′ of the output transmitted laser is much lower than the energy φ of the input laser, so as to avoid interference with the input laser. In this embodiment, φ / 100≤φ′≤φ / 20 is required.

[0058] The corner reflector 7 is set in the optical path of the output transmitted laser and is located on the side of the energy attenuator 6 away from the beam splitter 15 of the transmitting optical path. The corner reflector 7 is used to continuously reflect the output transmitted laser after it has been attenuated by the energy attenuator 6, so that it returns to the beam splitter 15 of the transmitting optical path and is then reflected by the beam splitter 15 of the transmitting optical path into the objective lens 22.

[0059] Both the energy attenuator 6 and the corner reflector 7 are located on the outer side of the outer peripheral wall of the beam shrinking assembly 2 to avoid affecting the objective lens 22's reception of the input laser used for communication.

[0060] The smaller the difference ΔD between the apertures D1 and D2 of the signal transmitting channel (i.e., the closer their apertures are), the greater the energy loss of the input laser. However, if the difference ΔD is too large, the output laser cannot be completely reflected by the beam splitter 15 in the transmitting optical path, affecting communication performance. Therefore, this embodiment strikes a balance between the two, ensuring that the aperture ratio between D1 and D2 is... The range satisfies ,in, Given the divergence angle of the output laser, and assuming the transmittance of the beam splitter 15 in the emission path for the input laser is ≥0.98, the resulting decrease in input laser energy is: Therefore, the energy loss of the input laser is minimal.

[0061] The above-mentioned on-orbit calibration method for a transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: The signal transmitting fiber 11 receives the output laser emitted by the first laser. This output laser can be used for laser communication or on-orbit calibration. After being expanded by the laser collimator 12 and reflected by the forward aiming mirror 13, part of the output laser is reflected by the beam splitter 15 of the transmitting optical path to form the output reflected laser, and the other part is transmitted by the beam splitter 15 of the transmitting optical path to form the output transmitted laser. The output reflected laser is used for signal transmission. The output transmitted laser is continuously reflected by the corner reflector 7 and returns to the beam splitter 15 of the transmitting optical path. Then, it is reflected by the beam splitter 15 of the transmitting optical path, condensed by the objective lens 22 and eyepiece 21, bent by the first turntable folding mirror 3, bent by the second turntable folding mirror 4, reflected by the fine tracking mirror 51, transmitted by the energy beam splitter 52, and converged into the target surface of the detector 56 by the acquisition tracking focusing mirror 55 to form the first signal spot. The centroid coordinates of the first signal spot are obtained. ;

[0063] Step 2: The second end of the communication receiving fiber optic cable 54 receives the calibration laser emitted by the second laser. This calibration laser is used for on-orbit calibration. The calibration laser is expanded sequentially by the communication receiving focusing lens 53, reflected by the energy beam splitter 52, reflected by the fine tracking mirror 51, reflected by the second turntable folding mirror 4, reflected by the first turntable folding mirror 3, expanded by the objective lens 22 and eyepiece 21, reflected by the transmitting optical path beam splitter 15, and then continuously reflected by the corner reflector 7 before returning along the same path until it reaches the energy beam splitter 52 and is transmitted through it. Then, it is converged into the target surface of the detector 56 by the acquisition and tracking focusing lens 55 to form the second signal spot. The centroid coordinates of the second signal spot are then obtained. ;

[0064] Step 3: Measure the centroid coordinates of the first signal spot. Centroid coordinates of the second signal spot Calculate the angle between the output laser and the calibration laser. :

[0065]

[0066] in, , , To precisely track the focal length of the receiving branch, the precise tracking receiving branch is formed by the objective lens 22, eyepiece 21, first turntable folding mirror 3, second turntable folding mirror 4, precise tracking mirror 51, energy beam splitter 52, and acquisition tracking focusing mirror 55.

[0067] Since the calibration laser and the input laser share the same optical path, this included angle That is, the angle between the output laser and the input laser. The smaller the value, the higher the consistency between the light and shadow axes.

[0068] Complete the on-orbit calibration of the transceiver-separated laser communication system.

[0069] The on-orbit calibration method for the aforementioned transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function includes the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Calculate the included angle based on the on-orbit calibration method of the aforementioned transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function. ;

[0071] Step 2, adjust the included angle With preset angle threshold contrast:

[0072] like Then proceed to step 4;

[0073] like Then proceed to step 3;

[0074] Step 3: Based on the included angle Adjust the zero position of the forward aiming mirror 13 and / or the fine tracking mirror 51, and return to step 1;

[0075] Step 4: Complete the on-orbit calibration of the transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function.

[0076] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function, used for transmitting output laser and / or receiving input laser in orbit for communication via laser, comprising a signal transmitting component (1), a beam shortening component (2), a first turntable folding mirror (3), a second turntable folding mirror (4), and a relay optical path component (5); the signal transmitting component (1) comprises a signal transmitting fiber (11), a laser collimator (12), and a forward aiming mirror (13) arranged sequentially along the optical path of the output laser; the beam shortening component (2) comprises an objective lens (22) and an eyepiece (21) arranged sequentially along the optical path of the input laser; the relay optical path component (5) comprises an objective lens (22) and an eyepiece (21) arranged sequentially along the optical path of the input laser. The optical path is sequentially arranged with a fine tracking mirror (51) and an energy beam splitter (52), a communication receiving fiber (54) at the reflecting end of the energy beam splitter (52), a detector (56) at the transmitting end of the energy beam splitter (52), a communication receiving focusing mirror (53) at the optical path between the energy beam splitter (52) and the communication receiving fiber (54), and a capture tracking focusing mirror (55) at the optical path between the energy beam splitter (52) and the detector (56). The first turntable folding mirror (3) and the second turntable folding mirror (4) are sequentially arranged between the exit end of the eyepiece (21) and the incident end of the fine tracking mirror (51) along the optical path where the input laser is located. Its features are: It also includes corner reflectors (7); The signal transmitting component (1) also includes a beam splitter (15) for transmitting optical path. The end of the signal transmitting fiber (11) away from the laser collimator (12) is connected to a first laser for emitting output laser light; The forward-looking mirror (13) is used to reflect the output laser towards the optical axis of the objective lens (22); The beam splitter (15) is set on the optical path of the output laser after being reflected by the forward aiming mirror (13), and corresponds to the side of the objective lens (22) signal receiving end that is close to the forward aiming mirror (13). It is used to split the output laser into output reflected laser and output transmitted laser. The objective lens (22) signal receiving end is the end that is far away from the eyepiece (21). The corner reflector (7) is set on the optical path of the output transmitted laser and is located on the outer side of the outer peripheral wall of the beam shrinking assembly (2). The corner reflector (7) is used to continuously reflect the output transmitted laser so that it returns to the beam splitter (15) of the emission optical path and enters the objective lens (22) after being reflected by the beam splitter (15). One end of the communication receiving optical fiber (54) corresponds to the focusing end of the communication receiving focusing lens (53), and the other end is split into two. The first end is used to connect to the signal receiving device, and the second end is used to connect to the second laser used to emit calibration laser.

2. The transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam splitter (15) of the transmitting optical path is used to output the reflected laser. The channel corresponding to the surface is the signal transmission channel of the transceiver laser communication system, and its aperture is D1. The channel corresponding to the signal receiving end of the objective lens (22) is the signal receiving channel of the transceiver laser communication system, and its aperture is D2. The aperture ratio between aperture D1 and aperture D2 The range is ,in To determine the divergence angle of the output laser, This refers to the wavelength of the output laser.

3. The transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes an energy attenuation plate (6); The energy attenuator (6) is disposed in the optical path between the beam splitter (15) and the corner reflector (7), and is located on the outer side of the outer peripheral wall of the beam shrinking assembly (2).

4. The transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The axis of the forward-looking mirror (13) is at 45° to that of the objective lens (22).

5. The transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The beam splitter (15) of the emission optical path is at 45° to the axis of the objective lens (22) and is parallel to the forward aiming mirror (13).

6. The transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmittance-reflection ratio of the beam splitter (15) for the output laser is 0.5:99.5~1.0:99.0, and the transmittance-reflection ratio for the input laser is 99.5:0.5~99.0:1.

0.

7. An on-orbit calibration method for a transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The signal transmitting fiber (11) receives the output laser emitted by the first laser. The output laser is expanded by the laser collimator (12) and reflected by the forward aiming mirror (13). Part of it is reflected by the beam splitter (15) of the transmitting optical path to form the output reflected laser, and the other part is transmitted by the beam splitter (15) of the transmitting optical path to form the output transmitted laser. The output reflected laser is used for signal transmission. The output transmitted laser is continuously reflected by the corner reflector (7) and returns to the beam splitter (15) of the transmitting optical path. Then, it is reflected by the beam splitter (15) of the transmitting optical path, condensed by the objective lens (22) and eyepiece (21), bent by the first turntable folding mirror (3), bent by the second turntable folding mirror (4), reflected by the fine tracking mirror (51), transmitted by the energy beam splitter (52), and converged into the target surface of the detector (56) by the acquisition tracking focusing mirror (55) to form the first signal spot. The centroid coordinates of the first signal spot are obtained. ; Step 2: The second end of the communication receiving fiber (54) receives the calibration laser emitted by the second laser. The calibration laser is expanded by the communication receiving focusing lens (53), reflected by the energy beam splitter (52), reflected by the fine tracking mirror (51), reflected by the second turntable folding mirror (4), reflected by the first turntable folding mirror (3), expanded by the objective lens (22) and eyepiece (21), reflected by the emission beam splitter (15), and then continuously reflected by the corner reflector (7) before returning along the same path until it reaches the energy beam splitter (52) and is transmitted through it. Then it is converged into the target surface of the detector (56) by the capturing and tracking focusing lens (55) to form the second signal spot. The centroid coordinates of the second signal spot are obtained. ; Step 3: Measure the centroid coordinates of the first signal spot. Centroid coordinates of the second signal spot Calculate the angle between the output laser and the calibration laser, that is, the angle between the output laser and the input laser. : ； in, , , To ensure the focal length of the fine tracking receiving branch, the fine tracking receiving branch is a branch formed by the objective lens (22), eyepiece (21), first turntable folding mirror (3), second turntable folding mirror (4), fine tracking mirror (51), energy beam splitter (52) and capture tracking focusing mirror (55); Complete the on-orbit calibration of the transceiver-separated laser communication system.

8. An on-orbit calibration method for a transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The included angle calculated by the on-orbit calibration method of the transmit / receive separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function according to claim 7. ; Step 2, adjust the included angle With preset angle threshold contrast: like Then proceed to step 4; like Then proceed to step 3; Step 3: Based on the included angle Adjust the zero position of the forward aiming mirror (13) and / or the fine tracking mirror (51), and return to step 1; Step 4: Complete the on-orbit calibration of the transceiver-separated laser communication system with on-orbit calibration function.

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