X-ray-based intelligent recognition method and system for vertebrae

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular to a spine intelligent recognition method and system based on X-ray, comprising: acquiring multiple frames of X-ray images of each segment of the spine under different postures; determining a complete distance adjustment factor of the interaction of the vertebral body of the surrounding segment on the current segment based on the distance and the included angle between the current segment and the surrounding segment in each frame of X-ray image and the physiological parameters of the current segment; determining a second height change amount of the current segment based on the basic weight of the upper and lower vertebral bodies of the current segment, the spine offset adjustment term and the first height change amount; determining a potential spine injury evaluation value of the current segment according to the second height change amount, the intervertebral disc deformation parameters of the current segment and the surrounding segment and the complete distance adjustment factor, and identifying the abnormal condition of the spine function of the current segment based on the potential spine injury evaluation value. In this way, the present application greatly improves the recognition ability of early occult spine function abnormalities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of image processing technology, and specifically to an X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method and system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of spinal pathology identification, X-ray examination is an indispensable preliminary screening method in clinical diagnosis. With its ability to clearly display skeletal structures, it has become a core tool for doctors to quickly detect spinal structural abnormalities. For structural spinal injuries, such as vertebral dislocation and fracture displacement, X-ray images can directly show abnormal changes in bone position, providing direct evidence for the initial assessment of acute injuries. In the diagnosis of chronic degenerative diseases, X-rays can also reflect bone changes caused by intervertebral disc degeneration, such as vertebral marginal osteophyte formation and intervertebral space narrowing, providing crucial reference for the initial assessment of chronic spinal diseases. Simultaneously, the results of X-ray examinations can guide subsequent more precise imaging examinations such as CT and MRI, making it a vital first step in the diagnostic process for spinal diseases.

[0003] In some scenarios, static X-ray imaging is often relied upon to assess spinal structure, capturing only the morphological features of bones in a static state but failing to perceive the dynamic functional state of the spine. Clinical practice shows that vertebral and intervertebral disc injuries often exhibit a pattern of "dynamic functional abnormalities preceding structural changes." While some vertebral-disc segments may show no obvious morphological abnormalities at rest, potential functional problems such as decreased elastic recovery and imbalanced coordination may already be present during flexion, extension, and bending movements. For example, normally adjacent vertebrae can bend synchronously and smoothly during bending, while segments with potential damage may exhibit uneven movement speeds or jamming, indicating a lack of coordination. These potential problems at the dynamic functional level cannot be effectively captured and quantified by static X-ray imaging, resulting in a low ability to identify spinal dysfunction early and potentially delaying the diagnosis and intervention of underlying lesions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of low early detection capability of spinal dysfunction, the present invention aims to provide an X-ray-based intelligent spinal identification method and system.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the specific technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method, comprising: acquiring multiple frames of X-ray images of various segments of the spine under different postures, the segments including the upper vertebral body, the lower vertebral body, and the intervertebral disc located between the upper and lower vertebral bodies; determining a complete distance adjustment factor for the interaction between the current segment and surrounding segments based on the distance and angle between the current segment and surrounding segments in each frame of X-ray images, and the physiological parameters of the current segment; determining a second height change of the current segment based on the basic weights of the upper and lower vertebral bodies of the current segment, the spinal offset adjustment term, and a first height change; determining a potential spinal injury assessment value of the current segment based on the second height change, the deformation parameters of the intervertebral discs of the current segment and surrounding segments, and the complete distance adjustment factor, and identifying spinal functional abnormalities of the current segment based on the potential spinal injury assessment value.

[0007] Optionally, physiological parameters include: maximum physiological distance, maximum physiological angle, and optimal coordination angle. Based on the distance and angle between the current segment and surrounding segments in each frame of X-ray images, and the physiological parameters of the current segment, the complete distance adjustment factor for the vertebral body interaction of the surrounding segments to the current segment is determined. This includes: determining the distance adjustment factor for the vertebral body interaction between the current segment and surrounding segments based on the distance between the current segment and surrounding segments and the maximum physiological distance of the current segment; determining the angle correction term for the distance adjustment factor for the vertebral body interaction between the current segment and surrounding segments based on the angle between the current segment and surrounding segments, and the maximum physiological angle and optimal coordination angle of the current segment; and determining the complete distance adjustment factor for the vertebral body interaction based on the distance adjustment factor and the angle correction term.

[0008] Optionally, determining the distance adjustment factor for vertebral body interaction between the current segment and surrounding segments based on the distance between the current segment and surrounding segments and the physiological maximum distance of the current segment includes: calculating a first ratio between the distance between the current segment and surrounding segments and the physiological maximum distance; and determining a first difference between a predetermined value and the first ratio as the distance adjustment factor.

[0009] Optionally, the angle correction term for determining the distance adjustment factor of the vertebral body interaction between the current segment and surrounding segments, based on the angle between the current segment and surrounding segments, as well as the physiological maximum angle and the optimal synergistic angle of the current segment, includes: calculating a second difference between the physiological maximum angle and the angle, and calculating a first product between the second difference, the angle, and the optimal synergistic angle; calculating a second product between the square of the optimal synergistic angle and the physiological maximum angle; and determining the angle correction term based on the first product and the second product.

[0010] Optionally, determining the second height change of the current segment based on the basic weights of the upper and lower vertebrae, the spinal offset adjustment term, and the first height change includes: determining the basic weights of the upper and lower vertebrae based on the distance from the upper or lower vertebrae to the curvature center; determining the spinal offset adjustment term of the upper and lower vertebrae based on the direction of the upper or lower vertebrae's offset from the curvature center, the original distance from the upper or lower vertebrae to the curvature center, the offset angle and offset amplitude of the upper or lower vertebrae relative to the curvature center, and the maximum physiological offset of the vertebrae; calculating the first sum between the basic weight of the upper vertebrae and the spinal offset adjustment term of the upper vertebrae, and the second sum between the basic weight of the lower vertebrae and the spinal offset adjustment term of the lower vertebrae; calculating the third product between the first sum and the first height change of the upper vertebrae, and the fourth product between the second sum and the second height change of the lower vertebrae; and determining the third sum between the third and fourth products as the second height change.

[0011] Optionally, the spinal offset adjustment items for the upper and lower vertebrae are determined based on the direction of the upper or lower vertebrae's offset from the curvature center, the original distance of the upper or lower vertebrae from the curvature center, the offset angle and offset amplitude of the upper or lower vertebrae relative to the curvature center, and the maximum physiological offset of the vertebrae. This includes: determining the maximum physiological offset based on the type of the upper and lower vertebrae; determining the direction sign based on the direction of the upper or lower vertebrae's offset from the curvature center; calculating the fifth product between the original distance, the absolute value of the offset amplitude, and the cosine value of the offset angle, as well as the fourth sum between the maximum physiological offset and the original distance; and determining the spinal offset adjustment items based on the direction sign, the fifth product, and the fourth sum.

[0012] Optionally, the deformation parameters include: the change in intervertebral disc width, the initial deformation of the intervertebral disc, and the recovery of the intervertebral disc at the target time. Based on the change in second height, the deformation parameters of the intervertebral discs in the current segment and surrounding segments, and the integrity distance adjustment factor, the potential spinal injury assessment value for the current segment is determined. This includes: determining the overall vertebral body synergistic comprehensive strength of the current segment's overall linkage state based on the change in height of the current segment and surrounding segments, the change in the width of the intervertebral disc between the upper and lower vertebral bodies in the current segment and surrounding segments, and the integrity distance adjustment factor; and determining the potential spinal injury assessment value for the current segment based on the initial deformation of the intervertebral disc in the current segment, the recovery of the intervertebral disc at the target time, the weighting coefficient between the current segment and surrounding segments, and the vertebral body synergistic comprehensive strength between the current segment and surrounding segments.

[0013] Optionally, the potential spinal injury assessment value for the current segment is determined based on the initial deformation of the intervertebral disc in the current segment, the recovery amount of the intervertebral disc at the target time, the weighting coefficient between the current segment and surrounding segments, and the vertebral body synergy comprehensive strength of the current segment and surrounding segments. This includes: determining the weighting coefficient based on the baseline value of vertebral body synergy strength in healthy individuals and the vertebral body synergy strength of the surrounding segments of the current segment; calculating the second ratio between the recovery amount and the initial deformation, and calculating the sixth product between the vertebral body synergy comprehensive strength and the weighting coefficient; and determining the potential spinal injury assessment value based on each sixth product, the second ratio, and the initial deformation.

[0014] Optionally, identifying spinal function abnormalities in the current segment based on potential spinal injury assessment values ​​includes: determining that the spine is normal if the potential spinal injury assessment value is less than a first threshold; determining that the spine has potential risks, or abnormalities such as decreased elastic recovery capacity or vertebral linkage disorder if the potential spinal injury assessment value is greater than or equal to the first threshold but less than a second threshold; and determining that the spine is significantly abnormal, or abnormalities such as decreased elastic recovery capacity or vertebral linkage disorder if the potential spinal injury assessment value is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0015] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition system, comprising: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory is used to store a computer program that can run on the processor; the processor is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method mentioned in the first aspect.

[0016] This invention offers the following advantages: By acquiring multi-frame X-ray images of various vertebral segments under different postures, dynamic postural changes are incorporated into the spinal function assessment. This addresses the issue of "structurally normal but functionally abnormal" conditions (such as vertebral movement stagnation or decreased intervertebral disc elasticity), which are imperceptible in static images. The multi-frame dynamic images of each vertebral segment can comprehensively record the motion states of the upper and lower vertebrae and intervertebral discs under flexion, extension, and rotation postures, thereby identifying functional abnormalities in dynamic spinal conditions. Furthermore, based on the distances, angles, and physiological parameters between segments in the images, a complete distance adjustment factor is constructed. This factor accurately reflects the dynamic interaction between surrounding segments and the current segment, providing an objective and unified quantitative basis for subsequent injury assessment. When determining the second height change, the basic vertebral weight, spinal offset adjustment term, and first height change are integrated. Simultaneously, the injury assessment value is calculated by combining intervertebral disc deformation parameters and the complete distance adjustment factor, achieving a multi-dimensional assessment of vertebral motion state, intervertebral disc functional state, and segmental interactions. This allows for a more comprehensive capture of potential damage (such as deformation and recovery deficits caused by decreased intervertebral disc elasticity, and subtle differences in vertebral body coordination), significantly improving the ability to identify early, hidden spinal dysfunction. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an X-ray image of the spine provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition system disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of an X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method and system proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0023] The specific scheme of the X-ray-based intelligent spine recognition method disclosed in this invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of an X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:

[0026] Step S101: Acquire multi-frame X-ray images of each segment of the spine under different postures.

[0027] The segments include the upper vertebral body, the lower vertebral body, and the intervertebral disc located between the upper and lower vertebral bodies.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, when taking X-ray images of a patient, the patient can adjust their posture during the process to collect data on changes in the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs in different segments of the spine during these posture changes. For example, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an X-ray image of the spine provided in one embodiment of the present invention. In X-ray images, the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs are the core components of the spine, both of which can be observed. The vertebral bodies, as high-density skeletal structures, have a clear outline in X-ray images, and their morphology can be directly visualized. Although the intervertebral discs are soft tissue, their condition can be indirectly inferred from changes in the height and density of the intervertebral space between adjacent vertebral bodies. Furthermore, the movement trajectory of the vertebral bodies and the elastic changes of the intervertebral discs can keenly reflect the pathological process of the spine, and these changes are mostly manifested on a segmental basis. Each segment is composed of two adjacent vertebral bodies and the intervertebral disc between them, forming the basic unit of spinal function, and pathological changes are often confined to a specific segment. Therefore, the present invention selects the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs as the two core indicators to effectively identify potential pathological signals in the spine. Because the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs exhibit significant differences in motion and structural changes under different postures (such as bending, lateral flexion, and standing), static X-rays can only reflect the static morphology under a fixed posture and cannot capture the interaction between the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs during dynamic motion, as well as the changes in the elasticity of the intervertebral discs, making it difficult to identify potential functional injuries. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, when capturing multiple frames of X-ray images of the patient during the data acquisition phase, the patient is allowed to adjust their posture. By recording the dynamic changes under different postures, dynamic evidence is provided for subsequent analysis of the coordination between vertebral bodies and assessment of potential damage to structures such as intervertebral discs.

[0029] Furthermore, in hospital imaging diagnostic scenarios, accurately capturing early functional abnormalities of the vertebral body and intervertebral discs is crucial for early warning. Traditional X-ray diagnosis relies on static images, while spinal pathology often occurs in areas of dynamic functional abnormalities. If judgment is based solely on static images, situations may arise where the images appear normal while actual function is already impaired. For example, in static images, the vertebral body edges may be smooth and the intervertebral space width normal, but abnormalities such as asynchronous vertebral movement or slowed intervertebral space recovery may occur during flexion and extension. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the dynamic coordination characteristics of the vertebral body and intervertebral discs through images taken in different postures, enabling them to accurately reflect the functional state of the segment and provide a reliable basis for the early judgment of potential pathologies.

[0030] Step S102: Based on the distance and angle between the current segment and surrounding segments in each frame of X-ray images, and the physiological parameters of the current segment, determine the complete distance adjustment factor of the vertebral body interaction between the surrounding segments and the current segment.

[0031] Specifically, the vertebral body and intervertebral disc within the same segment exhibit a correlation in height and width changes. Structurally, the vertebral body and intervertebral disc are closely connected, jointly forming the functional units of the entire spine. When vertebral body height changes with posture (e.g., increasing during extension and decreasing during flexion), the intervertebral disc width changes in tandem. This synergistic relationship is not isolated; changes in adjacent segments also affect each other, with stronger interactions occurring closer together. Furthermore, it dynamically changes with the degree of flexion, exhibiting smoother interaction at moderate angles and being inhibited during excessive flexion. If a problem occurs in a segment, the synergistic relationship between its vertebral body and intervertebral disc is disrupted, leading to confusion and consequently affecting adjacent segments. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention determines the complete distance adjustment factor for vertebral body interaction between segments based on the distance, angle, and physiological parameters between each segment and its surrounding segments.

[0032] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, the physiological parameters include: maximum physiological distance, maximum physiological angle, and optimal coordination angle. Based on the distance and angle between the current segment and surrounding segments in each frame of X-ray images, and the physiological parameters of the current segment, determining the complete distance adjustment factor for the vertebral interaction between the surrounding segments and the current segment includes: determining the distance adjustment factor for the vertebral interaction between the current segment and surrounding segments based on the distance between the current segment and surrounding segments and the maximum physiological distance of the current segment; determining an angle correction term for the distance adjustment factor for the vertebral interaction between the current segment and surrounding segments based on the angle between the current segment and surrounding segments, and the maximum physiological angle and optimal coordination angle of the current segment; and determining the complete distance adjustment factor for the vertebral interaction based on the distance adjustment factor and the angle correction term.

[0033] Specifically, the physiological maximum distance refers to the upper limit of the normal range of distances between the current segment i and surrounding segments under healthy physiological conditions; that is, the maximum value that this distance will not exceed in a healthy population. Specifically, based on a sample of healthy individuals with no historical related diseases, the actual distances between the current segment i and its interacting surrounding segments are measured. The values ​​from all measured healthy individuals are statistically analyzed, and the 95th percentile is taken as the physiological maximum distance. Surrounding segments refer to adjacent segments whose distance from the current segment is less than the physiological maximum distance. The distance between the current segment and surrounding segments is the anatomical straight-line distance between the current segment and surrounding segments, that is, the distance between the geometric centers of each segment (the vertebral body center can be determined by the geometric center of the vertebral body outline in the image). The physiological maximum angle refers to the maximum allowable curvature angle for each type of spine, which can be obtained through statistical analysis of X-rays from healthy individuals, such as 20° for the lumbar spine. The optimal coordination angle represents the optimal angle for mutual coordination between each segment and its surrounding segments, which can be obtained through statistical analysis of X-rays from healthy individuals, such as approximately 8° for the cervical spine and approximately 12° for the lumbar spine. The angle between the current segment and the surrounding segments can be obtained in the following way: define the axis of each segment as the line connecting the center of the upper and lower vertebral bodies, then extract the coordinates of the vertebral body center from the X-ray image (the geometric center can be determined by the contour detection algorithm), convert the two axes into vectors, and calculate the angle using the vector dot product formula.

[0034] Furthermore, when surrounding segments influence the current segment, the closer the surrounding segments are to the current segment, the stronger the interaction; the farther away they are, the weaker the interaction. Therefore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the distance adjustment factor for vertebral interaction between the current segment and surrounding segments based on the distance between the current segment and surrounding segments and the physiological maximum distance of the current segment includes: calculating a first ratio between the distance between the current segment and surrounding segments and the physiological maximum distance; and determining a first difference between a predetermined value and the first ratio as the distance adjustment factor.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the current segment is taken as the first... Taking a segment as an example, with a predetermined value of 1, the distance adjustment factor for the current segment can be calculated using the following formula:

[0036]

[0037] In the above formula, Indicates the current segment With surrounding segments Distance adjustment factor between them. Indicates the current segment With surrounding segments The distance between them. Indicates the maximum physiological distance. When When =0, =1 indicates the current segment With surrounding segments The stronger the interaction between the vertebral bodies, the more likely it is to occur in the surrounding segments. For the current segment The greater the degree of impact, when = hour, =0, surrounding segments For the current segment The impact is minimal, exceeding the range of physiological effects.

[0038] Furthermore, the angle between the current segment and the surrounding segments also alters this effect. When the angle between the current segment and the surrounding segments is 0 (along the axis), the force exerted by the surrounding segments on the current segment is predominantly axial, with a single direction of force transmission and minimal mutual influence. As the angle gradually increases, the force exerted by the surrounding segments on the current segment begins to include both axial and oblique components. This composite force can be transmitted more effectively through the intervertebral disc, driving coordinated movement of the current segment, and the mutual influence increases accordingly. When the angle reaches a critical point, the relative position of the surrounding segments and the current segment allows for the most balanced decomposition of force (axial force for stability, oblique force for coordination), resulting in uniform force distribution on the intervertebral disc, the highest coordination of movement between the two, and the greatest influence of the surrounding segments on the current segment. If the angle continues to increase, the force exerted by the surrounding segments on the current segment becomes predominantly oblique, exceeding the physiological bearing capacity of the intervertebral disc and ligaments, reducing the efficiency of force transmission, and weakening the mutual influence as the angle increases. Therefore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, the angle correction term for determining the distance adjustment factor of the vertebral body interaction between the current segment and surrounding segments, based on the angle between the current segment and surrounding segments, as well as the physiological maximum angle and the optimal synergistic angle of the current segment, includes: calculating a second difference between the physiological maximum angle and the angle, and calculating a first product between the second difference, the angle, and the optimal synergistic angle; calculating a second product between the square of the optimal synergistic angle and the physiological maximum angle; and determining the angle correction term based on the first product and the second product.

[0039] Specifically, the embodiments of the present invention use the following formula to calculate the current segment. Angle correction item:

[0040]

[0041] In the above formula, Indicates the current segment With surrounding segments The angle correction term of the distance adjustment factor for vertebral interaction. Indicates the current segment With surrounding segments The angle between them. Indicates the current segment The maximum physiological angle. Indicates the current segment The optimal angle of collaboration. Among them, It is a product form similar to a quadratic function, showing a decreasing trend as the angle increases; then multiplied by... , indicating when near When, the product result will increase significantly; when Deviation When the result decreases rapidly, 4 is a scaling factor to reduce the value of the result. = At the optimal angle, the numerator is scaled down to be equal to the denominator. Denominator Eliminate the effects of different segments (such as different joints) and The impact of absolute numerical differences allows for direct comparison of calculation results across different segments; and when = At that time, the role of 4 and , The inherent proportion ( = The combined effect of these factors (which is a typical proportion derived from statistics of healthy individuals) makes the numerator exactly equal to the denominator.

[0042] Furthermore, after obtaining the distance adjustment factor and the angle correction term, the product of the distance adjustment factor and the angle correction term is taken as the complete distance adjustment factor for the cone-body interaction, specifically expressed by the following formula:

[0043]

[0044] In the above formula, Indicates the current segment With surrounding segments The complete distance modulator of vertebral body interaction. Indicates the current segment With surrounding segments Distance adjustment factor between them. Indicates the current segment With surrounding segments The angle correction term of the distance adjustment factor for vertebral interaction.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the current segment... The current segment is obtained by superimposing the complete distance adjustment factors of all its surrounding segments. The sum of complete distance adjustment factors, adopted in this embodiment of the invention. express.

[0046] Step S103: Based on the basic weights of the upper and lower vertebrae of the current segment, the spinal offset adjustment term, and the first height change, determine the second height change of the current segment.

[0047] Specifically, since each segment consists of an upper vertebral body, a lower vertebral body, and an intervertebral disc between the upper and lower vertebral bodies, in this embodiment of the invention, the upper vertebral body is referred to as... and lower vertebral body Because of different postures, the stress and deformation vary. When the spine is in a neutral position, it has a natural physiological curvature, and the upper and lower vertebrae are subjected to balanced stress and similar degrees of deformation. When the spine bends, the vertebrae closer to the center of the bend (the center of the arc formed by the spinal bend is obtained by fitting the arc using the three-point method by determining the vertebrae and the plane of bend) will bear greater compressive force due to the bending compression, while the vertebrae farther from the center will bear less pressure. At the same time, whether bending over or leaning back, it is difficult for the human body to remain straight. This process is usually accompanied by a slight offset, which moves the vertebrae away from the center of the bend, reducing the pressure they receive. Ultimately, this leads to the replacement of vertebrae in different segments with changes in position, resulting in a differentiated distribution of stress priority among the upper and lower vertebrae. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention combines the positional changes of the upper and lower vertebrae and the corresponding offset to determine the second height change of each segment.

[0048] The basic weights of the upper and lower vertebrae are determined based on the distance from the upper or lower vertebrae to the center of curvature, reflecting the principle that the closer the vertebra, the greater the force. Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the basic weights of the upper and lower vertebrae are calculated using the following formula:

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] In the above formula, This represents the basic weight of the upper vertebral body. This indicates the basic weight of the lower vertebral body. This indicates the distance from the upper vertebral body to the center of the curve. Indicates the distance from the lower vertebral body to the center of curvature, in the neutral position. = .

[0052] Furthermore, the spinal offset adjustment item refers to the numerical value of the spine's deviation from or towards the center of curvature. When determining the spinal offset adjustment item, it can be based on the direction of the upper or lower vertebral body's deviation from the center of curvature, the original distance from the upper or lower vertebral body to the center of curvature, the offset angle and magnitude of the upper or lower vertebral body relative to the center of curvature, and the maximum physiological offset of the vertebral body. As an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the spinal offset adjustment item for the upper and lower vertebral bodies based on the direction of the upper or lower vertebral body's deviation from the center of curvature, the original distance from the upper or lower vertebral body to the center of curvature, the offset angle and magnitude of the upper or lower vertebral body relative to the center of curvature, and the maximum physiological offset of the vertebral body includes: determining the maximum physiological offset based on the type of the upper and lower vertebral bodies; determining the direction sign based on the direction of the upper or lower vertebral body's deviation from the center of curvature; calculating the fifth product between the original distance, the absolute value of the offset magnitude, and the cosine value of the offset angle, and the fourth sum between the maximum physiological offset and the original distance; and determining the spinal offset adjustment item based on the direction sign, the fifth product, and the fourth sum.

[0053] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the spinal offset adjustment term can be calculated using the following formula:

[0054]

[0055] In the above formula, This indicates the spinal misalignment adjustment item. The direction symbol is indicated by +1, which means the offset is towards the center of the curve, and -1 means the offset is away from the center of the curve (which can be derived from the motion trend of multiple frames of images). This indicates the offset magnitude, which is the actual straight-line distance of the vertebral body's offset. This indicates the offset angle, which is the angle between the offset direction and the straight line pointing from the vertebral body to the center of the bend. This represents the original distance from the vertebral body to the center of curvature, i.e., the straight-line distance from the vertebral body to the center of curvature without any offset. This indicates the maximum physiological offset of this type of vertebra (obtained through anatomical measurements, such as approximately 12 mm for the lumbar vertebra and approximately 8 mm for the cervical vertebra).

[0056] Among them, the spinal deviation adjustment item of the upper vertebral body and spinal misalignment adjustment items for lower vertebrae By substituting the actual parameters of the upper or lower vertebral body into the above formula... It can be obtained from [the source].

[0057] Furthermore, the first height change of the upper vertebral body and the first height change of the lower vertebral body can be the height difference between adjacent postures of the upper or lower vertebral body.

[0058] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the second height change of the current segment based on the basic weights of the upper and lower vertebrae, the spinal offset adjustment term, and the first height change includes: determining the basic weights of the upper and lower vertebrae based on the distance from the upper or lower vertebrae to the curvature center; determining the spinal offset adjustment term of the upper and lower vertebrae based on the direction of the upper or lower vertebrae's offset from the curvature center, the original distance from the upper or lower vertebrae to the curvature center, the offset angle and offset amplitude of the upper or lower vertebrae relative to the curvature center, and the maximum physiological offset of the vertebrae; calculating the first sum between the basic weight of the upper vertebrae and the spinal offset adjustment term of the upper vertebrae, and the second sum between the basic weight of the lower vertebrae and the spinal offset adjustment term of the lower vertebrae; calculating the third product between the first sum and the first height change of the upper vertebrae, and the fourth product between the second sum and the second height change of the lower vertebrae; and determining the third sum between the third product and the fourth product as the second height change.

[0059] Specifically, the embodiments of the present invention use the following formula to calculate the current segment. Second altitude change :

[0060]

[0061] In the above formula, Indicates the current segment The second change in altitude. This represents the basic weight of the upper vertebral body. This indicates the basic weight of the lower vertebral body. This indicates the spinal offset adjustment item for the upper vertebral body. This indicates the spinal misalignment adjustment item for the lower vertebral body. This indicates the first change in height of the upper vertebral body. This indicates the first change in height of the lower vertebral body.

[0062] Step S104: Based on the second height change, the deformation parameters of the intervertebral discs in the current segment and surrounding segments, and the integrity distance adjustment factor, determine the potential spinal injury assessment value of the current segment, and identify the spinal function abnormalities of the current segment based on the potential spinal injury assessment value.

[0063] Specifically, deformation parameters include: the change in intervertebral disc width, the initial deformation of the intervertebral disc, and the recovery amount of the intervertebral disc at the target time. The change in intervertebral disc width refers to the change in the width of the intervertebral disc within a segment, specifically the change in the width of the intervertebral disc within the segment under different postures. The initial deformation of the intervertebral disc refers to the initial deformation width of the intervertebral disc during posture changes, which can be obtained through multiple frames of X-ray images. The recovery amount of the intervertebral disc at the target time can be measured by X-ray. First, the initial deformation width of the intervertebral disc after the posture change is recorded, then the width of the intervertebral disc at time t is measured; the difference between the two is the recovery amount at time t.

[0064] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the potential spinal injury assessment value of the current segment based on the second height change, the deformation parameters of the intervertebral discs of the current segment and surrounding segments, and the integrity distance adjustment factor includes: determining the vertebral body synergistic comprehensive strength of the overall linkage state of the current segment based on the height change of the current segment and surrounding segments, the width change of the intervertebral discs between the upper and lower vertebral bodies of the current segment and surrounding segments, and the integrity distance adjustment factor; and determining the potential spinal injury assessment value of the current segment based on the initial deformation of the intervertebral discs of the current segment, the recovery amount of the intervertebral discs at the target time, the weighting coefficient between the current segment and surrounding segments, and the vertebral body synergistic comprehensive strength of the current segment and surrounding segments.

[0065] Specifically, this embodiment of the invention integrates the height changes, distance weights, and angle effects of each segment to quantify the above-mentioned linkage state, forming a comprehensive vertebral body coordination strength that reflects the vertebral body coordination strength:

[0066] The vertebral coordinated loudness of a single segment can be calculated using the following formula:

[0067]

[0068] In the above formula, Indicates the current segment The vertebral body synergistic strength, where i represents the segment number. Indicates the current segment The change in the second height of the vertebral body is the current segment The amount of change between frames during the switching of different poses. Indicates the current segment The change in the width of the intervertebral disc. express and The covariance between the two variables is used to measure the trend of their coordinated change. A positive value indicates that they tend to change in the same direction. Indicates the current segment Changes in vertebral height between different frames of X-ray images during different posture transitions The standard deviation is used to measure The degree of dispersion of the data. Indicates the current segment The standard deviation of the change in intervertebral disc width between different frames of X-ray images during different posture transitions is used to measure... The degree of dispersion of the data. Indicates the above current segment The summation value of the complete distance adjustment factor between each surrounding segment.

[0069] Thus, the vertebral body coordination strength of each segment is calculated using the above formula. Since surrounding segments influence the current segment, the overall vertebral body coordination strength is calculated by combining the strength of the n surrounding segments and the current segment, reflecting the overall linkage state. Specifically, the following formula is used for calculation:

[0070]

[0071] In the above formula, Indicates the current segment The overall strength of the vertebral body. Indicates surrounding segments Vertebral body synergistic strength. Indicates surrounding segments For the current segment The complete distance adjustment factor. Vertebral body synergistic comprehensive strength. It provides an objective tool for spinal function assessment, directly quantifying the coordinated changes of the vertebral body and intervertebral disc through covariance. Combined with the dynamic effects of distance and angle, it transforms the process of tight connection → coordinated movement → abnormal disorder into calculable values, upgrading the assessment from experience-based judgment to data-driven, and reducing subjective bias.

[0072] Furthermore, healthy intervertebral discs can quickly recover after changes in posture, while potential damage slows this process. This allows for the quantification of potential damage in the spine. Healthy intervertebral discs undergo moderate deformation when the body's posture changes. When the body remains in one position, the disc gradually rebounds over time. The closer the connection with adjacent vertebrae, the more effective the recovery. Even if one segment recovers more slowly, adjacent segments can share the pressure through coordinated force distribution, helping to return to a normal state. Damaged intervertebral discs, however, often exhibit greater initial deformation during postural changes, and their recovery process is slower than that of healthy discs. Damage also weakens the linkage between vertebrae, preventing adjacent segments from effectively sharing pressure. If there are also slight abnormalities in the linkage between adjacent segments, the pressure will be further amplified. Therefore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, determining the potential spinal injury assessment value of the current segment based on the initial deformation of the intervertebral disc in the current segment, the recovery amount of the intervertebral disc at the target time, the weighting coefficient between the current segment and surrounding segments, and the vertebral body synergistic comprehensive strength of the current segment and surrounding segments includes: determining the weighting coefficient based on the baseline value of vertebral body synergistic strength of healthy individuals and the vertebral body synergistic strength of the surrounding segments of the current segment; calculating the second ratio between the recovery amount and the initial deformation, and calculating the sixth product between the vertebral body synergistic comprehensive strength and the weighting coefficient; and determining the potential spinal injury assessment value based on each sixth product, the second ratio, and the initial deformation.

[0073] Specifically, in calculating the weighting coefficients, the embodiments of the present invention use the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] In the above formula, Indicates the relationship between the current segment i and its surrounding segments. The weighting coefficients between them. This represents the baseline value of vertebral synergistic strength in healthy individuals of the same age group (obtained through large-sample statistics). Indicates the surrounding segments of the current segment i. Vertebral body synergistic strength. Indicates from and Take the maximum value from the middle.

[0076] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the potential spinal injury assessment value for the current segment i is calculated using the following formula:

[0077]

[0078] In the above formula, This represents the potential spinal injury assessment value for the current segment i. Indicates the initial deformation (obtained from multiple frames of X-ray images); This represents the recovery amount at time t, while maintaining the same posture during healthy time. As t increases, the damage occurs rapidly. The recovery rate decreases as t increases; t represents the recovery time (e.g., 10 seconds, 30 seconds, 60 seconds, reflecting the dynamic process of gradual rebound over time). This represents the combined vertebral body strength of the current segment i and the surrounding segments (k=i−n,i+n). Indicates surrounding segments Weighting coefficients, surrounding segments The more abnormal the disc, the larger the weighting coefficient, thus amplifying the pressure impact on the current segment i. This includes the initial deformation of the intervertebral disc. Small, As t increases rapidly (rapid recovery). large and This reflects close coordination, with surrounding segments sharing the pressure. Therefore, the numerator of the formula is small and the denominator is large, resulting in a more comprehensive overall effect. Small. Damaged intervertebral disc. big, The recovery rate slows down as t increases (slow recovery). Small, weak linkage, overall Large; when the surrounding segments are abnormal, Further reduction in the denominator of the formula leads to Larger.

[0079] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, identifying spinal function abnormalities in the current segment based on the potential spinal injury assessment value includes: determining that the spine is normal when the potential spinal injury assessment value is less than a first threshold; determining that the spine has potential risks, or abnormalities such as decreased elastic recovery capacity or vertebral linkage disorder when the potential spinal injury assessment value is greater than or equal to the first threshold but less than a second threshold; and determining that the spine is significantly abnormal when the potential spinal injury assessment value is greater than or equal to the second threshold, or abnormalities such as decreased elastic recovery capacity or vertebral linkage disorder.

[0080] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the first threshold can be set to 0.3, and the second threshold can be set to 0.7. It is worth noting that these first and second thresholds can be statistically set using large-sample healthy population data; this embodiment of the invention is not limited to the values ​​described above. <0.3 is within the normal range, indicating the current segment Normal; 0.3≤ A value less than 0.7 indicates potential risk, meaning the current segment... There are potential risks; A value ≥0.7 is considered significantly abnormal, indicating that the current segment... An anomaly has occurred. Therefore, for Segments with values ​​exceeding 0.3 are marked as targets requiring special attention, as these segments often exhibit characteristics such as decreased elastic recovery or vertebral linkage disorder.

[0081] This invention, through acquiring multi-frame X-ray images of various spinal segments under different postures, incorporates dynamic postural changes into the scope of spinal function assessment. This addresses the issue of "structurally normal but functionally abnormal" conditions (such as vertebral movement stagnation or decreased intervertebral disc elasticity), which cannot be perceived by static images. The multi-frame dynamic images of each spinal segment can completely record the motion states of the upper and lower vertebrae and intervertebral discs under flexion, extension, and rotation postures, thereby identifying functional abnormalities in dynamic spinal conditions. Furthermore, based on the distances, angles, and physiological parameters between segments in the images, a complete distance adjustment factor is constructed. This factor accurately reflects the dynamic interaction between surrounding segments and the current segment, providing an objective and unified quantitative basis for subsequent injury assessment. When determining the second height change, the basic vertebral body weight, spinal offset adjustment term, and first height change are integrated. Simultaneously, the injury assessment value is calculated by combining intervertebral disc deformation parameters and the complete distance adjustment factor, achieving a multi-dimensional assessment of vertebral motion state, intervertebral disc functional state, and segmental interactions. This allows for a more comprehensive capture of potential damage (such as deformation and recovery deficits caused by decreased intervertebral disc elasticity, and subtle differences in vertebral body coordination), significantly improving the ability to identify early, hidden spinal dysfunction.

[0082] Example 2:

[0083] Corresponding to the X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method provided in the above embodiments, based on the same technical concept, this invention also provides an X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition system, which is used to execute the above-described X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown. X-ray-based spinal intelligent recognition systems can vary significantly depending on configuration and performance. They may include one or more processors 301 and memory 302. Memory 302 stores computer programs that can run on processor 301. Processor 301 executes the programs stored in memory 302 to achieve the above... Figure 1 The various steps in the method embodiment are described. The memory 302 can be temporary or persistent storage. The application stored in the memory 302 may include one or more modules (not shown in the figures), each module may include a series of computer-executable instructions for the X-ray-based spinal intelligent recognition system.

[0084] Furthermore, the processor 301 can be configured to communicate with the memory 302 and execute a series of computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 302 on the X-ray-based spinal intelligent recognition system. The X-ray-based spinal intelligent recognition system may also include one or more power supplies 303, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 304, one or more input / output interfaces 305, and one or more keyboards 306.

[0085] Specifically, in this embodiment, the X-ray-based spinal intelligent recognition system includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus; wherein, the processor, communication interface, and memory communicate with each other via the bus; the memory stores computer programs; and the processor executes the programs stored in the memory to achieve the above... Figure 1 The various steps in the method embodiments are the same as those in the above method embodiments, and have the same beneficial effects. To avoid repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not be described again here.

[0086] It should be noted that the X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition system and the X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method provided in this embodiment of the invention are based on the same application concept. Therefore, the specific implementation of this embodiment can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method, and has the same or similar beneficial effects. Repeated parts will not be described again.

[0087] It should be noted that the order of the above embodiments of the present invention is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0088] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0089] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores one or more programs, which, when executed by an electronic device including multiple applications, cause the electronic device to perform... Figure 1 The methods disclosed in the embodiments shown achieve the functions and beneficial effects of the methods in the preceding method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] The computer-readable storage media include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A spinal intelligent recognition method based on X-ray, characterized in that, include: Acquire multi-frame X-ray images of various segments of the spine under different postures, wherein the segments include the upper vertebral body, the lower vertebral body, and the intervertebral disc located between the upper and lower vertebral bodies; Based on the distance and angle between the current segment and surrounding segments in each frame of X-ray images, and the physiological parameters of the current segment, the complete distance adjustment factor of the vertebral body interaction of the surrounding segments on the current segment is determined; Based on the basic weights of the upper and lower vertebrae of the current segment, the spinal offset adjustment term, and the first height change, the second height change of the current segment is determined; Based on the second height change, the intervertebral disc deformation parameters of the current segment and surrounding segments, and the intact distance adjustment factor, the potential spinal injury assessment value of the current segment is determined, and the spinal function abnormalities of the current segment are identified based on the potential spinal injury assessment value. The physiological parameters include: maximum physiological distance, maximum physiological angle, and optimal coordination angle. The complete distance adjustment factor for determining the vertebral interaction of the surrounding segments on the current segment, based on the distance and angle between the current segment and surrounding segments in each frame of X-ray images and the physiological parameters of the current segment, includes: Based on the distance between the current segment and surrounding segments and the physiological maximum distance of the current segment, a distance adjustment factor for the vertebral body interaction between the current segment and the surrounding segments is determined; Based on the angle between the current segment and the surrounding segments, as well as the physiological maximum angle and the optimal synergistic angle of the current segment, the angle correction term of the distance adjustment factor for the vertebral body interaction between the current segment and the surrounding segments is determined; The complete distance adjustment factor for the vertebral interaction is determined based on the distance adjustment factor and the angle correction term; Determining the second height change of the current segment includes: The basic weights of the upper and lower vertebrae are determined based on the distance from the upper or lower vertebrae to the center of curvature. Based on the direction of the upper or lower vertebral body offset from the center of curvature, the original distance of the upper or lower vertebral body from the center of curvature, the offset angle and offset amplitude of the upper or lower vertebral body relative to the center of curvature, and the maximum physiological offset of the vertebral body, the spinal offset adjustment items of the upper and lower vertebral bodies are determined. Calculate the first sum between the base weight of the upper vertebral body and the spinal offset adjustment term of the upper vertebral body, and the second sum between the base weight of the lower vertebral body and the spinal offset adjustment term of the lower vertebral body; Calculate the third product between the first sum and the first height change of the upper vertebral body, and the fourth product between the second sum and the second height change of the lower vertebral body; The third sum between the third product and the fourth product is determined to be the second height change. The deformation parameters include: the change in intervertebral disc width, the initial deformation of the intervertebral disc, and the recovery amount of the intervertebral disc at the target time. Determining the potential spinal injury assessment value of the current segment based on the second height change, the deformation parameters of the intervertebral discs in the current segment and surrounding segments, and the intact distance adjustment factor includes: The overall vertebral synergistic intensity of the current segment is determined based on the height changes of the current segment and surrounding segments, the width changes of the intervertebral disc between the upper and lower vertebral bodies of the current segment and surrounding segments, and the complete distance adjustment factor. The potential spinal injury assessment value of the current segment is determined based on the initial deformation of the intervertebral disc in the current segment, the recovery amount of the intervertebral disc at the target time, the weighting coefficient between the current segment and the surrounding segments, and the vertebral body synergistic comprehensive strength of the current segment and the surrounding segments.

2. The X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance adjustment factor for determining the vertebral body interaction between the current segment and the surrounding segments, based on the distance between the current segment and the surrounding segments and the physiological maximum distance of the current segment, includes: Calculate a first ratio between the distance between the current segment and surrounding segments and the maximum physiological distance; The first difference between the predetermined value and the first ratio is determined as the distance adjustment factor.

3. The X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle correction term for determining the distance adjustment factor of the vertebral body interaction between the current segment and the surrounding segments, based on the angle between the current segment and the surrounding segments, as well as the physiological maximum angle and optimal synergistic angle of the current segment, includes: Calculate the second difference between the maximum physiological angle and the included angle, and calculate the first product between the second difference, the included angle, and the optimal cooperative angle; Calculate the second product between the square of the optimal coordination angle and the physiological maximum angle; The angle correction term is determined based on the first product and the second product.

4. The X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the spinal offset adjustment items for the upper and lower vertebrae based on the direction of the offset of the upper or lower vertebrae from the center of curvature, the original distance of the upper or lower vertebrae from the center of curvature, the offset angle and offset amplitude of the upper or lower vertebrae relative to the center of curvature, and the maximum physiological offset of the vertebrae includes: The maximum physiological offset is determined based on the type of the upper and lower vertebral bodies; The direction sign is determined based on the direction in which the upper or lower vertebral body deviates from the center of curvature; Calculate the fifth product between the original distance, the absolute value of the offset amplitude, and the cosine value of the offset angle, and the fourth sum between the maximum physiological offset and the original distance; The spinal offset adjustment term is determined based on the direction sign, the fifth product, and the fourth sum.

5. The X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the potential spinal injury assessment value of the current segment based on the initial deformation of the intervertebral disc in the current segment, the recovery amount of the intervertebral disc at the target time, the weighting coefficient between the current segment and surrounding segments, and the vertebral body synergistic strength of the current segment and surrounding segments includes: The weighting coefficient is determined based on the baseline value of vertebral body coordination strength in healthy individuals and the vertebral body coordination strength of the surrounding segments of the current segment; Calculate the second ratio between the recovery amount and the initial deformation, and calculate the sixth product between the vertebral body synergistic comprehensive strength and the weighting coefficient; The potential spinal injury assessment value is determined based on each of the sixth products, the second ratio, and the initial deformation.

6. The X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The identification of spinal dysfunction in the current segment based on the potential spinal injury assessment value includes: If the potential spinal injury assessment value is less than a first threshold, the spine is determined to be normal. If the potential spinal injury assessment value is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than the second threshold, it is determined that the spine has a potential risk, and the spine has abnormal conditions such as decreased elastic recovery ability or vertebral linkage disorder. If the potential spinal injury assessment value is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the spine is determined to be significantly abnormal, indicating a decrease in elastic recovery capacity or vertebral linkage disorder.

7. A spinal intelligent recognition system based on X-ray, characterized in that, include: Processor and memory; wherein the memory is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor; A processor is configured to execute a program stored in memory to implement the steps of the X-ray-based intelligent spinal recognition method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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