A flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material and its preparation process

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of flame-retardant materials technology, specifically relating to a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material and its preparation process. The cable material is made by bonding modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape and modified mica tape; the modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape is woven from modified high-silica glass fibers; the modified mica tape is made from modified mica paper and alkali-free glass fiber cloth. The preparation process of this cable material is simple, it can effectively block external electromagnetic interference, and it has good insulation, high-temperature resistance, and flame-retardant properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flame retardant materials technology, specifically relating to a flame retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material and its preparation process. Background Technology

[0002] Flame-retardant and heat-resistant cables are mainly used in high-temperature environments and can continue to be used in the event of a fire. Currently, the materials used in these cables mostly employ inorganic mineral materials such as mica tape as the insulation layer.

[0003] Mica tape, also known as fire-resistant mica tape, is a fire-resistant insulating material. Based on the type of mica, it can be divided into: synthetic mica tape, phlogopite mica tape, and muscovite mica tape. Mica tape normally has good flexibility. Cables wrapped with mica tape have certain high-temperature resistance. When a fire occurs and the circuit catches fire, it can play a role in insulation and fire protection.

[0004] Existing cables are simply made by wrapping conventional mica tape to form flame-retardant and heat-resistant cables. The flame-retardant effect is not ideal, and it is difficult to ensure the safe and uninterrupted operation of communication and power in the event of a fire. At the same time, the cables have poor mechanical strength and pose certain safety hazards in complex and harsh environments such as high temperature and strong wind.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN106782855A discloses a halogen-free, low-smoke, flame-retardant power cable for nuclear power plants. The cable includes a flame-retardant filler, which comprises dolomite powder, granite powder, attapulgite clay, zeolite powder, and mica powder. Cables made from the above materials have good tensile strength, resistance to long-term thermal aging, good flame retardant properties, and are halogen-free, low-smoke, and low-toxicity. However, the large amount of inorganic powder used in the flame-retardant filler of this cable can easily lead to poor thermal conductivity of the cable, making it difficult for heat to be released to the outside. Over time, this can easily damage the cable and reduce its service life. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Existing cable materials using mica tape have slightly poor thermal conductivity and flame retardant properties; in order to solve this problem, the present invention provides a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material and its preparation process.

[0007] To achieve the objectives of this invention, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material, which is made by bonding modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape and modified mica tape.

[0009] The modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape is woven from modified high-silica glass fiber;

[0010] The modified mica tape is made of modified mica paper and alkali-free glass fiber cloth;

[0011] The method for preparing the modified mica paper includes the following steps:

[0012] Preferably, the method for preparing the modified mica paper includes the following steps:

[0013] (1a) Mix diammonium hydrogen phosphate, tin dichloride dihydrate and water to obtain solution four. Spray solution four into calcium hydroxide aqueous solution using ultrasonic spraying technology and mix evenly. Heat the reaction, wash and dry to obtain tin phosphide.

[0014] (1b) Under an oxygen-free atmosphere, cinnamaldehyde, tin phosphide and N,N-dimethylformamide were mixed evenly, heated to react, cooled, washed and dried to obtain modified tin phosphide;

[0015] (1c) Mix modified tin phosphide, mica powder and water evenly to obtain mica powder slurry, vacuum filter the mica powder slurry onto a polyethersulfone membrane to form a film, hot press and dry, and peel off to obtain modified mica paper.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solutions, in the modified mica tape, mica itself has extremely high temperature resistance, while tin phosphide modified with cinnamaldehyde has both flame retardancy and insulation properties, forming a high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant composite barrier in synergy with mica powder; the composite structure of modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape and modified mica tape can be used as a cable insulation layer material, giving the cable high temperature resistance, high insulation and flame retardancy.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, tin phosphide is generated by providing phosphorus source with diammonium hydrogen phosphate and tin dichloride dihydrate in an alkaline environment through redox reaction. After modification with cinnamaldehyde, tin phosphide is further endowed with temperature resistance and flame retardant properties, and the high temperature resistance and other properties of mica paper are optimized.

[0018] Preferably, in step (1a), the mass ratio of diammonium hydrogen phosphate to tin dichloride dihydrate is (3-4):1; the reaction temperature is 80-85℃; and the reaction time is 1.5-2.5h.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the growth of tin phosphide is inhibited at a temperature of 80-85℃, resulting in a decrease in crystal growth rate and a change in growth direction, which helps to form a stable flower-like tin phosphide structure.

[0020] Preferably, in step (1a), the mass fraction of the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution is 10%.

[0021] Preferably, in step (1b), the mass ratio of cinnamaldehyde to tin phosphide is (2-4):1; the reaction temperature is 120-150℃; and the reaction time is 3-5h.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, cinnamaldehyde can help improve the insulation properties of tin phosphide.

[0023] Preferably, in step (1c), the mica powder is phlogopite powder.

[0024] Preferably, in step (1c), the amount of modified tin phosphide used is 1%-1.5% of the mass of mica powder.

[0025] Preferably, in step (1c), the temperature of hot pressing drying is 80-85℃, and the pressure of hot pressing drying is 1.5-2MPa.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, in step (1c), vacuum filtration can separate solid particles from mica powder slurry to form a uniform film, while hot pressing helps the molecules inside the film to rearrange, improving the density and stability of the film. The combined effect of the two helps to enhance the bonding between modified tin phosphide and mica powder, thereby improving the density and stability of the modified mica powder structure.

[0027] The modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape is woven from modified high-silica glass fibers; the preparation method of the modified high-silica glass fibers includes the following steps:

[0028] (2a) Mix manganese acetate tetrahydrate, urea and water to obtain solution one; mix polyvinyl phosphate, hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and water to obtain solution two; mix solution one and solution two to obtain gel; anneal the gel to obtain manganese nitride; mix polyvinyl phosphate and water to obtain solution three; mix manganese nitride and solution three to obtain modified manganese nitride;

[0029] (2b) After the high silica glass and modified manganese nitride are mixed evenly, they are melted at high temperature, drawn into fibers, acid treated, washed with water, dried and heat treated to obtain modified high silica glass fibers.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, manganese nitride possesses excellent high hardness, high melting point, and flame retardancy, making it a commonly used filler. However, problems such as uneven dispersion due to large addition amounts exist. This invention combines polyvinyl alcohol phosphate with manganese nitride. The steric hindrance of the polyvinyl alcohol segments can inhibit the agglomeration of manganese nitride particles. This modification allows manganese nitride to be uniformly dispersed in the glass matrix during subsequent molten mixing with high-silica glass. The phosphate groups of polyvinyl alcohol phosphate can bond with manganese nitride to form a stable coating layer, improving insulation performance. At the same time, its segments have good compatibility with the glass matrix, effectively enhancing the interfacial bonding force between manganese nitride and high-silica glass, and improving the tensile strength of the fibers.

[0031] Preferably, in step (2a), the mass ratio of manganese acetate tetrahydrate to urea is (7-8):1.

[0032] By employing the above technical solution, manganese acetate tetrahydrate is used as the manganese source, and urea as the nitrogen source, a manganese nitride precursor is generated through a reaction under heating and acidic conditions. If the urea ratio is too low, insufficient nitrogen source will lead to insufficient Mn... 2+ It cannot be completely converted into manganese nitride, and may leave behind impurities such as manganese oxide, which reduces the product's high temperature resistance and insulation. If the urea ratio is too high, the excess urea will decompose and produce excess carbides and other impurities, causing manganese nitride particles to agglomerate or become doped with carbon impurities, affecting subsequent performance.

[0033] Preferably, in step (2a), the mass ratio of polyvinyl phosphate in solution one to polyvinyl phosphate in solution three is 1:(4-5).

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the stability of the gel structure can be guaranteed at this ratio.

[0035] Preferably, in step (2a), the total amount of polyvinyl phosphate used is in a mass ratio of (1.8-2.2):1 to manganese nitride.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, if the amount of polyvinyl alcohol phosphate is too low, it will easily lead to a loose gel network that is prone to collapse when heated, resulting in uneven reaction; if the amount is too high, it will easily generate carbon impurities, reducing the high temperature resistance of the modified high silica glass fiber.

[0037] Preferably, in step (2a), the annealing temperature is 500-600℃ and the annealing time is 6-7h.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, the gel treated with high-temperature annealing has a more stable structure and higher purity, reduces the aging rate of the material, and helps to improve the aging resistance of modified high-silica glass fiber.

[0039] Preferably, in step (2b), the amount of modified manganese nitride is 0.9%-1.2% of the mass of the high silica glass.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, if the dosage is too low, it is easy to disperse unevenly and fail to fully fill the micropores, which will cause the fibers to break easily during drawing, subsequent processing or use; if the dosage is too high, it is easy to agglomerate, become stress concentration points, and reduce performance.

[0041] Preferably, in step (2b), the melting temperature is 1450-1550℃; the drawing temperature is 1200-1250℃; the acid treatment specifically involves placing the drawn modified high-silica glass fiber precursor into a 3mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and reacting it at 70-75℃ for 9-12 hours; the heat treatment temperature is 600-650℃, and the heat treatment time is 30-40 minutes.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solutions, high-silica glass can be in a viscous molten state at 1450-1550℃, and modified manganese nitride particles can be uniformly dispersed in the melt; the drawing temperature of 1200-1250℃ can ensure the continuity of fiber forming; acid treatment can remove a small amount of alkali metal oxide impurities present in high-silica glass; heat treatment can further eliminate internal stress of the fiber, promote the interfacial bonding between manganese nitride and the glass matrix, and finally form a structurally stable modified high-silica glass fiber.

[0043] Secondly, the present invention provides a preparation process for the above-mentioned flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material, comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1: The modified high-silica glass fiber is placed on a yarn frame and woven to obtain the modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape;

[0045] S2: Place the modified mica paper between two layers of alkali-free glass fiber cloth, hot press at 150-160℃ and 5-6MPa for 20-30 minutes, dry it into a roll, rewind, and cut it to obtain the modified mica tape.

[0046] S3: By bonding modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape with modified mica tape, a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material is obtained.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solution, the preparation process is simple. By bonding the modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape with the modified mica tape, the cable material has excellent flame retardancy and overload resistance, and a long service life.

[0048] In summary, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0049] (1) The modified mica tape prepared by the present invention has phosphorus in tin phosphide that decomposes at high temperature to form a dense carbonized layer, which blocks the spread of flame; at the same time, mica powder, as a natural inorganic mineral, has a high melting point and excellent high temperature resistance, and is not easy to burn under high temperature conditions, which effectively prevents the spread of flame.

[0050] (2) The modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape prepared by the present invention has good thermal and chemical stability of manganese nitride, which helps to maintain the structural integrity of the modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape at high temperature and improve its flame retardant performance.

[0051] (3) The modified manganese nitride prepared in this invention can be used as a reinforcing agent for high silica glass fiber. The modification of manganese nitride with polyvinyl phosphate allows it to be uniformly dispersed in high silica glass fiber, reducing agglomeration and improving the mechanical properties of the modified high silica glass fiber. The nano-size of manganese nitride provides a large specific surface area, which significantly enhances the interfacial bonding force with high silica glass fiber, thereby effectively transferring stress and improving the overall strength of the modified high silica glass fiber. The unique flower-like structure and nano-size of tin phosphide provide good interfacial bonding force and enhance the bonding with mica powder. Secondly, the modified tin phosphide has a stable structure and good insulation. Its flower-like structure can provide more heat conduction paths, which helps heat to be transferred in multiple directions, reduces interfacial thermal resistance, and improves thermal conductivity. Mica powder itself also has high mechanical strength and weather resistance. The synergistic effect of the two enables the cable material to withstand high load conditions.

[0052] (4) The cable material of the present invention has a simple preparation process. It adopts a composite structure of modified high silica glass fiber braid and modified mica tape, which can effectively block the interference of external electromagnetic waves and has good insulation, high temperature resistance and flame retardant properties. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 SEM image of tin phosphide prepared according to the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material prepared according to the present invention.

[0055] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0056] 1. Modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape; 2. Modified mica tape. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solution of the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments.

[0058] In the examples below, the polyethersulfone membrane has a pore size of 220 nm.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] This embodiment of a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material is made by bonding modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape and modified mica tape.

[0061] Modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape is woven from modified high-silica glass fiber;

[0062] Modified mica tape is made from modified mica paper and alkali-free glass fiber cloth.

[0063] The specific steps of the method for preparing modified mica paper in this embodiment are as follows:

[0064] (1a) 30g of diammonium hydrogen phosphite and 10g of tin dichloride dihydrate were added to 200g of water and stirred for 2h to obtain solution four. Solution four was sprayed into 100g of 10% calcium hydroxide aqueous solution at a rate of 0.5μL / s using ultrasonic spraying technology. The reaction was carried out in a reactor at 85℃ for 2h. After washing with water, the solution was dried at 60℃ for 3h to obtain tin phosphide. The SEM image of tin phosphide is shown in [image missing]. Figure 1 ,Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the obtained tin phosphide has a flower-like structure;

[0065] (1b) Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 6g of cinnamaldehyde was added to 20g of N,N-dimethylformamide and stirred for 30min. Then 2g of tin phosphide was added, the temperature was raised to 135℃ and reacted for 3h. After cooling, the mixture was washed with anhydrous ethanol and dried in an oven at 80℃ for 4h to obtain modified tin phosphide.

[0066] (1c) Add 2g of modified tin phosphide to 200g of water and stir for 2h. Add 200g of phlogopite powder and stir for 30min to obtain mica powder slurry. Vacuum filter the mica powder slurry onto a polyethersulfone membrane to form a film visible to the naked eye. Dry the film completely under hot pressing at 80℃ and 1.5MPa and peel it off to obtain modified mica paper.

[0067] The preparation method of modified high-silica glass fiber in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:

[0068] (2a) 14g of manganese acetate tetrahydrate and 2g of urea were added to 30g of water and stirred for 10min to obtain solution one; 4g of polyvinyl phosphate was added to 64g of water, and then 1g of 3mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added and stirred at 75℃ for 30min to obtain solution two; solution two was added to solution one and stirred at 75℃ for 2h to obtain gel; the gel was transferred to an annealing furnace and annealed at 550℃ under nitrogen atmosphere for 6.5h to obtain manganese nitride; 20g of polyvinyl phosphate was added to 200g of water and stirred at 75℃ for 3h to obtain solution three; 12g of manganese nitride was added to solution three and stirred for 3h, washed with water and dried in an oven at 80℃ for 2h to obtain modified manganese nitride;

[0069] (2b) After mixing 200g of high silica glass and 2g of modified manganese nitride evenly, the mixture was melted in a furnace at 1500℃ to form a glass mixture. The glass mixture was quenched in water and dried. It was then transferred to a wire drawing machine and drawn at 1200℃ to obtain a modified high silica glass fiber precursor. The modified high silica glass fiber precursor was dried in an oven at 100℃ for 10h. Then, the modified high silica glass fiber precursor was added to a 3mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and reacted at 75℃ for 12h. After washing with water, it was dried in an oven at 100℃ for 12h and then transferred to a muffle furnace. The temperature was increased to 600℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min and held for 35min. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature with the furnace to obtain modified high silica glass fiber.

[0070] The specific steps of the preparation process of a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material in this embodiment are as follows:

[0071] S1: Place the modified high-silica glass fiber on the yarn frame and weave it with a weaving density of 90% and a weaving angle of 45° to obtain the modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape.

[0072] S2: Place the modified mica paper between two layers of alkali-free glass fiber cloth, hot press at 150℃ and 5.5MPa for 30 minutes, dry into a roll, rewind, and cut to obtain the modified mica tape.

[0073] S3: By bonding modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape with modified mica tape, a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material is obtained.

[0074] See the structural schematic diagram of the flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material. Figure 2 .

[0075] Example 2

[0076] This embodiment of a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material is made by bonding modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape and modified mica tape.

[0077] Modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape is woven from modified high-silica glass fiber;

[0078] Modified mica tape is made from modified mica paper and alkali-free glass fiber cloth.

[0079] The specific steps of the method for preparing modified mica paper in this embodiment are as follows:

[0080] (1a) 35g of diammonium hydrogen phosphite and 10g of tin dichloride dihydrate were added to 200g of water and stirred for 2h to obtain solution four. Solution four was sprayed into 100g of 10% calcium hydroxide aqueous solution at a speed of 0.5μL / s using ultrasonic spraying technology. The reaction was carried out in a reactor at 80℃ for 2h. After washing with water, the solution was dried at 60℃ for 3h to obtain tin phosphide.

[0081] (1b) Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 4g of cinnamaldehyde was added to 20g of N,N-dimethylformamide and stirred for 30min. Then 2g of tin phosphide was added, the temperature was raised to 120℃ and reacted for 4h. After cooling, the mixture was washed with anhydrous ethanol and dried in an oven at 80℃ for 4h to obtain modified tin phosphide.

[0082] (1c) Add 2.3g of modified tin phosphide to 200g of water and stir for 2h. Add 200g of phlogopite powder and stir for 30min to obtain mica powder slurry. Vacuum filter the mica powder slurry onto a polyethersulfone membrane to form a film visible to the naked eye. Dry the film completely under hot pressing at 85℃ and 2MPa and peel it off to obtain modified mica paper.

[0083] The preparation method of modified high-silica glass fiber in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:

[0084] (2a) 15g of manganese acetate tetrahydrate and 2g of urea were added to 30g of water and stirred for 10min to obtain solution one; 3.6g of polyvinyl phosphate was added to 64g of water, and then 1g of 3mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added and stirred at 80℃ for 30min to obtain solution two; solution two was added to solution one and stirred at 75℃ for 2h to obtain gel; the gel was transferred to an annealing furnace and annealed at 500℃ under nitrogen atmosphere for 6h to obtain manganese nitride; 18g of polyvinyl phosphate was added to 200g of water and stirred at 80℃ for 3h to obtain solution three; 12g of manganese nitride was added to solution three and stirred for 3h, washed with water and dried in an oven at 80℃ for 2h to obtain modified manganese nitride;

[0085] (2b) After mixing 200g of high silica glass and 1.8g of modified manganese nitride evenly, the mixture was melted in a furnace at 1550℃ to form a glass mixture. The glass mixture was quenched in water and dried. It was then transferred to a wire drawing machine and drawn at 1250℃ to obtain a modified high silica glass fiber precursor. The modified high silica glass fiber precursor was dried in an oven at 100℃ for 10h. Then, the modified high silica glass fiber precursor was added to a 3mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and reacted at 70℃ for 9h. After washing with water, it was dried in an oven at 100℃ for 12h and then transferred to a muffle furnace. The temperature was increased to 650℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min and held for 30min. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature with the furnace to obtain modified high silica glass fiber.

[0086] The specific steps of the preparation process of a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material in this embodiment are as follows:

[0087] S1: Place the modified high-silica glass fiber on the yarn frame and weave it with a weaving density of 90% and a weaving angle of 45° to obtain the modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape.

[0088] S2: Place the modified mica paper between two layers of alkali-free glass fiber cloth, hot press at 150℃ and 5MPa for 30 minutes, dry into a roll, rewind, and cut to obtain the modified mica tape.

[0089] S3: By bonding modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape with modified mica tape, a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material is obtained.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] This embodiment of a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material is made by bonding modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape and modified mica tape.

[0092] Modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape is woven from modified high-silica glass fiber;

[0093] Modified mica tape is made from modified mica paper and alkali-free glass fiber cloth.

[0094] The specific steps of the method for preparing modified mica paper in this embodiment are as follows:

[0095] (1a) 40g of diammonium hydrogen phosphite and 10g of tin dichloride dihydrate were added to 200g of water and stirred for 2h to obtain solution four. Solution four was sprayed into 100g of 10% calcium hydroxide aqueous solution at a speed of 0.5μL / s using ultrasonic spraying technology. The reaction was carried out in a reactor at 85℃ for 1.5h. After washing with water, the solution was dried at 60℃ for 3h to obtain tin phosphide.

[0096] (1b) Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 8g of cinnamaldehyde was added to 20g of N,N-dimethylformamide and stirred for 30min. Then 2g of tin phosphide was added, the temperature was raised to 150℃ and reacted for 5h. After cooling, the mixture was washed with anhydrous ethanol and dried in an oven at 80℃ for 4h to obtain modified tin phosphide.

[0097] (1c) Add 2.5g of modified tin phosphide to 200g of water and stir for 2h. Add 200g of phlogopite powder and stir for 30min to obtain mica powder slurry. Vacuum filter the mica powder slurry onto a polyethersulfone membrane to form a film visible to the naked eye. Dry the film completely under hot pressing at 85℃ and 1.6MPa and peel it off to obtain modified mica paper.

[0098] The preparation method of modified high-silica glass fiber in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:

[0099] (2a) 15g of manganese acetate tetrahydrate and 2g of urea were added to 30g of water and stirred for 10min to obtain solution one; 4.4g of polyvinyl phosphate was added to 64g of water, and then 1g of 3mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added and stirred at 70℃ for 30min to obtain solution two; solution two was added to solution one and stirred at 75℃ for 2h to obtain gel; the gel was transferred to an annealing furnace and annealed at 500℃ under nitrogen atmosphere for 7h to obtain manganese nitride; 22g of polyvinyl phosphate was added to 200g of water and stirred at 70℃ for 3h to obtain solution three; 12g of manganese nitride was added to solution three and stirred for 3h, washed with water and dried in an oven at 80℃ for 2h to obtain modified manganese nitride;

[0100] (2b) After mixing 200g of high silica glass and 2.2g of modified manganese nitride evenly, the mixture was melted in a furnace at 1450℃ to form a glass mixture. The glass mixture was quenched in water and dried. It was then transferred to a wire drawing machine and drawn at 1200℃ to obtain a modified high silica glass fiber precursor. The modified high silica glass fiber precursor was dried in an oven at 100℃ for 10h. Then, the modified high silica glass fiber precursor was added to a 3mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and reacted at 70℃ for 9h. After washing with water, it was dried in an oven at 100℃ for 12h and then transferred to a muffle furnace. The temperature was increased to 650℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min and held for 30min. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature with the furnace to obtain modified high silica glass fiber.

[0101] The specific steps of the preparation process of a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material in this embodiment are as follows:

[0102] S1: Place the modified high-silica glass fiber on the yarn frame and weave it with a weaving density of 90% and a weaving angle of 45° to obtain the modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape.

[0103] S2: Place the modified mica paper between two layers of alkali-free glass fiber cloth, hot press at 160℃ and 6MPa for 30 minutes, dry into a roll, rewind, and cut to obtain the modified mica tape.

[0104] S3: By bonding modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape with modified mica tape, a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material is obtained.

[0105] Example 4

[0106] This embodiment of a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material is made by bonding modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape and modified mica tape.

[0107] Modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape is woven from modified high-silica glass fiber;

[0108] Modified mica tape is made from modified mica paper and alkali-free glass fiber cloth.

[0109] The specific steps of the method for preparing modified mica paper in this embodiment are as follows:

[0110] (1a) 40g of diammonium hydrogen phosphite and 10g of tin dichloride dihydrate were added to 200g of water and stirred for 2h to obtain solution four. Solution four was sprayed into 100g of 10% calcium hydroxide aqueous solution at a speed of 0.5μL / s using ultrasonic spraying technology. The reaction was carried out in a reactor at 80℃ for 2.5h. After washing with water, the solution was dried at 60℃ for 3h to obtain tin phosphide.

[0111] (1b) Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 8g of cinnamaldehyde was added to 20g of N,N-dimethylformamide and stirred for 30min. Then 2g of tin phosphide was added, the temperature was raised to 125℃ and reacted for 4h. After cooling, the mixture was washed with anhydrous ethanol and dried in an oven at 80℃ for 4h to obtain modified tin phosphide.

[0112] (1c) Add 3g of modified tin phosphide to 200g of water and stir for 2h. Add 200g of phlogopite powder and stir for 30min to obtain mica powder slurry. Vacuum filter the mica powder slurry onto a polyethersulfone membrane to form a film visible to the naked eye. Dry the film completely under hot pressing at 85℃ and 2MPa and peel it off to obtain modified mica paper.

[0113] The preparation method of modified high-silica glass fiber in this embodiment includes the following specific steps:

[0114] (2a) 16g of manganese acetate tetrahydrate and 2g of urea were added to 30g of water and stirred for 10min to obtain solution one; 4.8g of polyvinyl phosphate was added to 64g of water, and then 1g of 3mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added and stirred at 75℃ for 30min to obtain solution two; solution two was added to solution one and stirred at 75℃ for 2h to obtain gel; the gel was transferred to an annealing furnace and annealed at 600℃ under nitrogen atmosphere for 7h to obtain manganese nitride; 19.2g of polyvinyl phosphate was added to 200g of water and stirred at 75℃ for 3h to obtain solution three; 12g of manganese nitride was added to solution three and stirred for 3h, washed with water and dried in an oven at 80℃ for 2h to obtain modified manganese nitride;

[0115] (2b) After mixing 200g of high silica glass and 2.4g of modified manganese nitride evenly, the mixture was melted in a furnace at 1500℃ to form a glass mixture. The glass mixture was quenched in water and dried. It was then transferred to a wire drawing machine and drawn at 1250℃ to obtain a modified high silica glass fiber precursor. The modified high silica glass fiber precursor was dried in an oven at 100℃ for 10h. Then, the modified high silica glass fiber precursor was added to a 3mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and reacted at 75℃ for 12h. After washing with water, it was dried in an oven at 100℃ for 12h and then transferred to a muffle furnace. The temperature was increased to 600℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min and held for 40min. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature with the furnace to obtain modified high silica glass fiber.

[0116] The specific steps of the preparation process of a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material in this embodiment are as follows:

[0117] S1: Place the modified high-silica glass fiber on the yarn frame and weave it with a weaving density of 90% and a weaving angle of 45° to obtain the modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape.

[0118] S2: Place the modified mica paper between two layers of alkali-free glass fiber cloth, hot press at 160℃ and 6MPa for 20 minutes, dry into a roll, rewind, and cut to obtain the modified mica tape.

[0119] S3: By bonding modified high-silica glass fiber braided tape with modified mica tape, a flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable material is obtained.

[0120] Comparative Example 1

[0121] The difference from Example 1 is that this comparative example uses unmodified manganese nitride-modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape instead of modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape, while all other aspects are the same as in Example 1.

[0122] Comparative Example 2

[0123] The difference from Example 1 is that this comparative example uses unmodified tin phosphide-modified mica tape instead of modified mica tape, while all other aspects are the same as in Example 1.

[0124] Comparative Example 3

[0125] The difference from Example 1 is that this comparative example uses unmodified tin phosphide instead of modified tin phosphide, while all other aspects are the same as in Example 1.

[0126] Comparative Example 4

[0127] The difference from Example 1 is that spherical tin phosphide is used instead of tin phosphide in this comparative example (tin phosphide in Example 1 has a flower-like structure), and everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0128] Comparative Example 5

[0129] The difference from Example 1 is that this comparative example uses unmodified manganese nitride-modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape instead of modified high-silica glass fiber woven tape, and unmodified tin phosphide-modified mica tape instead of modified mica tape. All other aspects are the same as in Example 1.

[0130] Related tests

[0131] Multiple nickel-chromium alloy wire bundles were twisted into a conductor, and the flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable materials prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were used as the insulation layer to make a cable. Relevant performance tests were conducted, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0132] The cable combustion test was conducted in accordance with GB 31247-2014 Classification of Burning Performance of Cables and Optical Fibers; the fire resistance test was conducted in accordance with Scheme Z of BS 6387 (fired at 950℃±40℃ for 180 minutes, with an impact every 15 minutes).

[0133] Table 1 Test Results

[0134]

[0135] As shown in Table 1, the present invention has good flame retardant properties and fire resistance and temperature resistance.

[0136] The cables made from the flame-retardant, temperature-resistant, and overload-resistant cable materials of Examples 1-4 were subjected to high-temperature insulation tests. They were kept in an environment with a temperature of 600℃ for 1 hour, then removed and cooled. The insulation was tested at an ambient temperature of 23℃±2℃. The voltage was increased from 0V / DC to 1000V / DC in 2 seconds, and the test was conducted at 1000V / DC for 1 minute.

[0137] Test results: The insulation resistance of the cables prepared in Examples 1-4 is greater than 500MΩ.

[0138] The present invention has been described above by way of example. It should be noted that any simple modifications, alterations or other equivalent substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort without departing from the core of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flame retardant, heat resistant, overload resistant cable material, characterized in that, The material is made by bonding modified high-silica glass fiber woven belt and modified mica tape; The modified high-silica glass fiber woven belt is woven by modified high-silica glass fibers; the preparation method of the modified high-silica glass fibers comprises the following steps: (2a) uniformly mixing manganese acetate tetrahydrate, urea and water to obtain solution one, uniformly mixing polyvinyl phosphate, hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and water to obtain solution two, uniformly mixing the solution one and the solution two, heating to obtain a gel, and annealing the gel to obtain manganese nitride; uniformly mixing polyvinyl phosphate and water to obtain solution three, uniformly mixing the manganese nitride and the solution three, washing with water, and drying to obtain modified manganese nitride; (2b) uniformly mixing high-silica glass and the modified manganese nitride, melting at high temperature, drawing, acid treatment, washing with water, drying, and heat treatment to obtain modified high-silica glass fibers; The modified mica tape is made of modified mica paper and alkali-free glass fiber cloth; The preparation method of the modified mica paper comprises the following steps: (1a) uniformly mixing diammonium hydrogen phosphite and tin dichloride dihydrate with water to obtain solution four, uniformly mixing the solution four with calcium hydroxide aqueous solution by ultrasonic spraying technology, heating to react, washing, and drying to obtain stannic phosphide; (1b) under an oxygen-free atmosphere, uniformly mixing cinnamaldehyde, stannic phosphide and N,N-dimethylformamide, heating to react, cooling, washing, and drying to obtain modified stannic phosphide; (1c) uniformly mixing the modified stannic phosphide, mica powder and water to obtain mica powder slurry, vacuum filtering the mica powder slurry onto a polyether sulfone film to form a thin film, hot-pressing and drying, and peeling to obtain modified mica paper.

2. A fire resistant, heat resistant, overload resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step (1a), the mass ratio of the diammonium hydrogen phosphite to the tin dichloride dihydrate is (3-4) : 1; the reaction temperature is 80-85℃, and the reaction time is 1.5-2.5h.

3. A fire resistant, heat resistant, overload resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step (1b), the mass ratio of the cinnamaldehyde to the stannic phosphide is (2-4) : 1; the reaction temperature is 120-150℃, and the reaction time is 3-5h.

4. A fire resistant, heat resistant, overload resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step (1c), the amount of the modified stannic phosphide is 1%-1.5% of the mass of the mica powder.

5. A fire resistant, heat resistant, overload resistant cable material according to claim 1, wherein, In the step (2a), the mass ratio of the total amount of polyvinyl phosphate to the manganese nitride is (1.8-2.2) :

1.

6. A fire resistant, heat resistant, overload resistant cable material according to claim 1, wherein, In the step (2a), the annealing temperature is 500-600℃, and the annealing time is 6-7h.

7. A fire resistant, heat resistant, overload resistant cable material according to claim 1, wherein, In the step (2b), the amount of the modified manganese nitride is 0.9%-1.2% of the mass of the high-silica glass.

8. A fire resistant, heat resistant, overload resistant cable material according to claim 1, wherein, In the step (2b), the melting temperature is 1450-1550℃; the drawing temperature is 1200-1250℃; the acid treatment is as follows: the modified high-silica glass fiber precursor after drawing is put into 3mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution to react at 70-75℃ for 9-12h; the heat treatment temperature is 600-650℃, and the heat treatment time is 30-40min.

9. A process for the preparation of a fire resistant, heat resistant, overload resistant cable material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: S1: weaving the modified high-silica glass fibers on a yarn rack to obtain a modified high-silica glass fiber woven belt; S2: placing the modified mica paper between two layers of alkali-free glass fiber cloth, hot-pressing at 150-160℃ and 5-6MPa for 20-30min, drying to roll, winding, and cutting to obtain a modified mica tape; S3: the modified high silica glass fiber braid is bonded with the modified mica tape to obtain a flame-retardant temperature-resistant overload-resistant cable material.

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