A three-layer welded jet element structure and a manufacturing process thereof

Abstract

A three-layer welded jet flow element structure and a manufacturing process thereof belong to the technical field of jet flow type hydraulic down-the-hole hammer drilling tools. The three-layer welded jet flow element structure is characterized in that: through layered material selection, a low-cobalt-content cemented carbide is used for the middle layer, and high-cobalt-content cemented carbide with better toughness is used for the cover plate and the bottom plate; the middle layer is provided with a working cavity formed by the space between the left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge, and the gap or through hole arranged in the component itself, so that the performance is optimized, and the deficiency that the overall bottom base body is easy to break or weak in anti-erosion capacity is avoided; the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced by using a simple wire cutting process; the face type design formed by the vacuum brazing of the left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge is used in the three-layer welded jet flow element structure, so that the impact resistance of the welded part is enhanced, and the service life of the element is prolonged; the middle layer has good integrity and high strength, and is suitable for the conventional energy down-the-hole hammer of the diamond and PDC drill bit, and the high-energy down-the-hole hammer of the ball tooth drill bit, so that the risk of breakage under high-frequency impact is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of jet-type hydraulic DTH hammer drilling tools, and particularly relates to a three-layer welded jet element structure and a manufacturing process thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the technical field of jet-type hydraulic DTH hammer drilling tools, the structural design of a jet element is crucial to its performance and durability. In traditional technology, the bottom base of the jet element is usually designed in an integrated manner by processing a hard alloy into one piece, and the bottom plate and the intermediate layer are not layered. However, this structure has obvious limitations. Since the bottom plate and the intermediate layer face different erosion environments during work, the intermediate layer directly bears the impact of high-speed fluid and particles, and the erosion is more serious, while the bottom plate is less affected by erosion. A single material cannot meet the needs of high erosion resistance of the intermediate layer and high toughness of the bottom plate, resulting in limited overall performance.

[0003] The traditional jet element also needs to be provided with a signal channel at the position of the intermediate layer of the bottom base to achieve the switching and control of the fluid medium, resulting in poor integrity of the bottom base. In the actual application of a large-diameter DTH hammer, the jet element needs to bear high-frequency reciprocating impact and high-strength fluid erosion, and the weak point of the structure at the position of the intermediate layer is prone to rupture due to stress concentration, which seriously affects the reliability and service life of the element.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the prior art for a new technical solution to solve this problem. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a three-layer welded jet element structure and a manufacturing process thereof to solve the technical problem that the integrated design of the bottom base of the traditional jet element cannot meet the needs of high erosion resistance of the intermediate layer and high toughness of the bottom plate at the same time, and the weak point of the structure of the intermediate layer is prone to rupture.

[0006] A three-layer welded jet element structure comprises a cover plate, a bottom plate, a left side plate, a right side plate, a wedge and two sealing plates; the left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge are temporarily connected by connecting bridges to form an intermediate layer, the left side plate and the right side plate are of special-shaped structure and are provided with special-shaped openings and / or through holes, and gaps are left between the left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge to form a working cavity; the working cavity comprises a nozzle, a signal channel, a working chamber and / or a control channel which are in communication with each other; the intermediate layer is welded with the bottom plate, and each connecting bridge is removed after welding; the cover plate is covered with the intermediate layer; the two sealing plates are symmetrically installed outside the cover plate and the bottom plate, and are fixed by penetrating the cover plate, the intermediate layer, the bottom plate and the two sealing plates through the through holes provided on the respective plates by means of bolts, and the two sealing plates do not block the evacuation channels of the cover plate and the bottom plate, and the left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge are fixed by penetrating the same by means of bolts; the working cavity is in communication with the signal channel and / or the evacuation channel provided on the cover plate and the bottom plate.

[0007] The cover plate and the bottom plate are made of high-cobalt content cemented carbide plates, and the left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge are made of low-cobalt content cemented carbide plates.

[0008] A three-layer welded jet element structure comprises the following structural forms:

[0009] The first structural form: jet element with side-arranged channels

[0010] The left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge are temporarily connected into a whole by means of a nozzle connecting bridge, a left signal channel connecting bridge, a right signal channel connecting bridge, an upper cavity output channel connecting bridge and a lower cavity output channel connecting bridge to form an intermediate layer,

[0011] The working cavity formed on the intermediate layer comprises a nozzle, a left control channel, a right control channel, a left signal channel, a right signal channel, an intermediate layer left evacuation channel, an intermediate layer right evacuation channel, a working chamber, an upper cavity output channel and a lower cavity output channel which are in communication with each other; the cover plate is provided with a cover plate left evacuation channel and a cover plate right evacuation channel respectively; the bottom plate is provided with a bottom plate left evacuation channel and a bottom plate right evacuation channel respectively; the cover plate left evacuation channel, the intermediate layer left evacuation channel and the bottom plate left evacuation channel are in communication, and the cover plate right evacuation channel, the intermediate layer right evacuation channel and the bottom plate right evacuation channel are in communication, for evacuating liquid medium in the low-pressure cavity;

[0012] The second structural form: double-channel welded jet element

[0013] The left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge are temporarily connected into a whole by means of a nozzle connecting bridge, an upper cavity output channel connecting bridge and a lower cavity output channel connecting bridge to form an intermediate layer, and the working cavity formed on the intermediate layer comprises a nozzle, a left control channel, a right control channel, a left upper signal hole, a right upper signal hole, a working chamber, an intermediate layer left evacuation channel, an intermediate layer right evacuation channel, a left lower signal hole, a right lower signal hole, an upper cavity output channel and a lower cavity output channel which are in communication with each other;

[0014] The upper left signal hole is located at the end of the left control channel; the upper right signal hole is located at the end of the right control channel.

[0015] The base plate is provided with a left vent channel, a right vent channel, a left signal channel, a right signal channel, and two throttling plug holes respectively connected to the upper left and upper right signal holes; the cover plate is also provided with a left vent channel, a right vent channel, a left signal channel, a right signal channel, and two throttling plug holes respectively connected to the upper left and upper right signal holes; throttling plugs are inserted into each of the throttling plug holes by interference fit or adhesive bonding; the sidewall of each throttling plug is provided with a signal channel fluid channel and a throttling adjustment channel;

[0016] The left exhaust channel of the cover plate, the left exhaust channel of the bottom plate, and the left exhaust channel of the middle layer are connected, and the right exhaust channel of the cover plate, the right exhaust channel of the bottom plate, and the right exhaust channel of the middle layer are connected, which are used to drain the liquid medium in the low-pressure chamber.

[0017] The signal channel fluid channel is connected to the upper left signal hole or the upper right signal hole, and the throttling adjustment channel coincides with the left signal channel or the right signal channel of the base plate, but the upper half of the throttling plug is closed, so that the left signal channel or the right signal channel of the base plate is no longer connected after the throttling plug is added.

[0018] The upper left signal hole and the lower left signal hole form two complete signal channels through the left signal channel of the base plate and the left signal channel of the cover plate; the upper right signal hole and the lower right signal hole form two complete signal channels through the right signal channel of the cover plate and the right signal channel of the base plate.

[0019] The sealing plate has a sealing ring fixedly embedded at a position corresponding to the outer periphery of the throttle plug for sealing the fluid medium.

[0020] Polycrystalline diamond composite (PDC) layer reinforcement plates are provided on the left and right side edges of the nozzle throat and at the tip of the wedge.

[0021] The PDC layer reinforcing plate is a composite reinforcing plate made of a diamond layer and a cemented carbide layer. The cemented carbide layer is provided with positioning posts that match and connect with positioning grooves provided on the left side plate, right side plate or wedge. The diamond layer faces the fluid side.

[0022] A fabrication process for a three-layer welded jet element structure, used for welding the aforementioned three-layer welded jet element structure, includes the following steps, which are performed sequentially:

[0023] Step 1: According to the design drawings, the cover plate and the bottom plate are made of high cobalt hard alloy with good toughness by wire cutting. At the same time, the grooves and / or through holes marked on the design drawings are cut into the cover plate and the bottom plate, and a steel sealing plate is made.

[0024] Step two: according to the design drawing, the left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge are cut by wire cutting from a whole low cobalt anti-erosion hard alloy, the left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge are temporarily connected by a connecting bridge to form an integral whole, forming a middle layer;

[0025] Step three: the middle layer and the bottom plate are welded into an integral whole by a vacuum brazing process;

[0026] Step four: after welding, the connecting bridge is removed by diamond grinding head high-speed milling and grinding or electric spark;

[0027] Step five: the cover plate is combined with the middle layer, the sealing plates are installed on the outer sides of the cover plate and the bottom plate, and the cover plate, the middle layer, the bottom plate and the two sealing plates are fixed by bolts, wherein the left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge are fixed by bolts.

[0028] In the vacuum brazing process, red copper foil is used as the filler metal, the red copper foil is cut by wire cutting or laser cutting to be completely consistent with the shape of the left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge, and is placed one by one between the middle layer and the bottom plate, the working cavity is formed, and the connecting is completed by heating to an appropriate temperature in a vacuum environment.

[0029] A manufacturing process of a three-layer welded jet element structure also includes manufacturing a throttle plug by using a low cobalt content hard alloy;

[0030] The throttle plug is used in a double-channel welded jet element in the three-layer welded jet element structure, the side wall of the throttle plug is provided with a signal channel fluid passage and a throttle adjusting passage, and the side wall of the throttle plug is processed by wire cutting to form the signal channel fluid passage and the throttle adjusting passage;

[0031] The throttle plug is assembled or glued into the throttle plug hole, and the outer side of the throttle plug is sealed by the sealing ring arranged on the sealing plate.

[0032] A manufacturing process of a three-layer welded jet element structure also includes cutting and adding a PDC layer reinforcing plate, specifically:

[0033] The PDC layer reinforcing plate is a reinforcing plate composed of a diamond layer and a hard alloy layer;

[0034] First, the left side plate, the right side plate and the tip of the wedge are cut by wire cutting at the side edges of the left side plate and the right side plate on both sides of the nozzle throat and the tip of the wedge, and a positioning groove is cut on the cut section;

[0035] Then, the PDC layer reinforcing plate is cut to have the same shape and size as the cut part, and at the same time, a positioning column matching the positioning groove is cut on one side of the hard alloy layer during cutting; wherein the diamond layer is cut by laser cutting, and the hard alloy layer is cut by wire cutting;

[0036] The cut PDC layer reinforcement plate is positioned and welded with the corresponding left side plate, right side plate or wedge by vacuum silver-based brazing.

[0037] Through the above design scheme, the application can bring the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The application adopts layered material selection, the middle layer adopts low cobalt content cemented carbide, the cover plate and the bottom plate adopt high cobalt content cemented carbide with good toughness, and the middle layer forms a working cavity by using the space between the left side plate, the right side plate and the wedge and the aperture or through hole arranged in the component itself, so that the performance is optimized, the disadvantages that the overall base body is resistant to erosion but easy to break when using low cobalt cemented carbide, or the overall base body has good toughness but weak erosion resistance when using high cobalt cemented carbide are avoided, the breakage caused by stress concentration at the right-angle wall root of the overall base body is avoided, and the structural reliability is improved; the application greatly reduces the manufacturing cost by using a simple wire cutting process, and avoids the long processing time of the overall base body complex cavity by using an electric spark or milling process.

[0039] In the application, the bridge type middle layer structure design is adopted, which is similar to the face mask structure, enhances the impact resistance of the welding position, and prolongs the service life of the element.

[0040] The middle layer of the application has good integrity and high strength, is suitable for large diameter down-the-hole hammer application, and reduces the risk of breakage under high frequency impact.

[0041] The double channel welding jet element in the application sets a throttle plug at the signal flow diversion on the cover plate and the bottom plate, the throttle plug is made of low cobalt content cemented carbide alone, can effectively reduce the size change caused by the erosion of the complex flow field to the high cobalt alloy cover plate and the bottom plate, and makes the element have good performance in the whole life cycle; the cover plate and the bottom plate are made of high cobalt content cemented carbide, the risk of bulging and cracking is low when the throttle plug is assembled with interference, the middle layer is made of low cobalt erosion-resistant cemented carbide and has a simple structure, and the overall durability is enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0043] Figure 1 It is an internal middle layer structure diagram of the channel side jet element in the three-layer welding jet element structure and the manufacturing process of the application;

[0044] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 An A-A sectional view diagram of the cover plate and the bottom plate is added;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a cover plate structure diagram of the channel side jet element in the three-layer welding jet element structure and the manufacturing process of the application;

[0046] Figure 4 The internal middle layer structure diagram of the double-channel welded jet element in the three-layer welded jet element structure and the manufacturing process thereof;

[0047] Figure 5 The internal middle layer structure diagram of the double-channel welded jet element in the three-layer welded jet element structure and the manufacturing process thereof; Figure 4 The A-A sectional structure diagram of the double-channel welded jet element in the three-layer welded jet element structure and the manufacturing process thereof;

[0048] Figure 6 The B-B sectional structure diagram of the double-channel welded jet element in the three-layer welded jet element structure and the manufacturing process thereof; Figure 4 The B-B sectional structure diagram of the double-channel welded jet element in the three-layer welded jet element structure and the manufacturing process thereof;

[0049] Figure 7 The cover plate structure diagram of the double-channel welded jet element in the three-layer welded jet element structure and the manufacturing process thereof;

[0050] Figure 8 The internal middle layer structure diagram of the double-channel welded jet element in the three-layer welded jet element structure and the manufacturing process thereof;

[0051] Figure 9 The assembly diagram of the double-channel welded jet element in the three-layer welded jet element structure and the manufacturing process thereof;

[0052] Figure 10 The sealing plate structure diagram of the double-channel welded jet element in the three-layer welded jet element structure and the manufacturing process thereof;

[0053] Figure 11 The structure and installation position diagram of the PDC layer reinforcing plate in the three-layer welded jet element structure and the manufacturing process thereof.

[0054] In the diagram, 1-cover plate, 2-bottom plate, 3-left side plate, 4-right side plate, 5-left exhaust channel of cover plate, 6-left exhaust channel of middle layer, 7-left exhaust channel of bottom plate, 8-right exhaust channel of cover plate, 9-right exhaust channel of middle layer, 10-right exhaust channel of bottom plate, 11-nozzle, 12-through hole, 13-left control channel, 14-sealing plate, 15-upper cavity output channel, 16-upper cavity output channel connecting bridge, 17-nozzle connecting bridge, 18-throttle plug hole, 19-right control channel, 20-working chamber, 21-wedge tip, 22-lower cavity output channel, 23-lower cavity output channel 24 - Exit connecting bridge, 25 - Left signal channel, 26 - Left signal channel connecting bridge, 27 - Right signal channel connecting bridge, 28 - Cover plate left signal channel, 29 - Base plate left signal channel, 30 - Cover plate right signal channel, 31 - Base plate right signal channel, 32 - Upper left signal hole, 33 - Lower left signal hole, 34 - Upper right signal hole, 35 - Lower right signal hole, 36 - Throttling plug, 37 - Signal channel fluid channel, 38 - Throttling adjustment channel, 39 - PDC layer reinforcing plate, 40 - Diamond layer, 41 - Hard alloy layer, 42 - Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0055] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a three-layer welded jet element structure includes a cover plate 1, a base plate 2, a left side plate 3, a right side plate 4, a wedge 21, and two narrow-waisted sealing plates 14. The left side plate 3, right side plate 4, and wedge 21 are temporarily connected by connecting bridges to form an intermediate layer. The left side plate 3 and right side plate 4 have irregular shapes and are provided with notches of specific shapes, or through holes. A gap is left between the left side plate 3, right side plate 4, and wedge 21 to form a working chamber. The working chamber includes a signal channel and a working chamber 20, and may also include a control channel. The intermediate layer is welded to the base plate 2, and all connecting bridges are removed after welding. The cover plate 1 and the intermediate layer are combined and fixed by bolts and corresponding through holes on each plate, with the cover plate 1, intermediate layer, base plate 2, and sealing plates 14 on both sides being fixed by bolts. At the same time, neither of the two sealing plates 14 obstructs the drainage channel of the cover plate 1 and the base plate 2.

[0056] A three-layer welded jet element structure includes two structural forms: a channel-side jet element and a dual-channel welded jet element.

[0057] Example 1. Channel-side jet element and its fabrication process:

[0058] The channel side jet element is composed of a cover plate 1, a bottom plate 2, a left side plate 3, a right side plate 4 and a wedge 21, and has a three-layer structure. The bottom plate 2 and the cover plate 1 are made of high cobalt hard alloy with good toughness to ensure sufficient anti-breaking capacity under high impact conditions, and the structure of the bottom plate 2 is symmetrically arranged with the cover plate 1. The left side plate 3, the right side plate 4 and the wedge 21 are made of low cobalt anti-erosion hard alloy to cope with the high-speed fluid and particle erosion borne by the middle layer. The main flow channel of the middle layer includes, from top to bottom, a nozzle 11, a left control channel 13, a right control channel 19, a left signal channel 24, a right signal channel 25, a middle layer left emptying channel 6, a middle layer right emptying channel 9, a working chamber 20, an upper cavity output channel 15 and a lower cavity output channel 22. The cover plate 1 is provided with a cover plate left emptying channel 5 and a cover plate right emptying channel 8, the bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom plate left emptying channel 7 and a bottom plate right emptying channel 10, the cover plate left emptying channel 5, the bottom plate left emptying channel 7 and the middle layer left emptying channel 6 are through, the cover plate right emptying channel 8, the bottom plate right emptying channel 10 and the middle layer right emptying channel 9 are through, and are used for emptying the liquid medium in the low-pressure cavity.

[0059] The processing technology is as follows:

[0060] Firstly, the cover plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 are made of high cobalt hard alloy by precise wire cutting process to process corresponding emptying channels and through holes 12. Then, the left side plate 3, the right side plate 4 and the wedge 21 are formed by wire cutting from a whole low cobalt anti-erosion hard alloy to preliminarily form the main cavity profile of the jet element. In this process, five connecting bridges, i.e. a nozzle connecting bridge 17, a left signal channel connecting bridge 26, a right signal channel connecting bridge 27, an upper cavity output channel connecting bridge 16 and a lower cavity output channel connecting bridge 23, of the middle layer temporarily connect the left side plate 3, the right side plate 4 and the wedge 21 into one body to ensure the structural stability.

[0061] Next, the bridged middle layer and the bottom plate 2 are copper-based vacuum brazed. In the welding process, the purple copper foil is cut out by electric spark or laser to have the same profile as the working cavity of the element, and is placed as the filler metal at the welding position. In the vacuum environment, the assembled structure is heated to the melting temperature of the copper-based filler metal, and is kept for an appropriate time to ensure that the filler metal uniformly fills and firmly connects the layers. After the welding is completed, the structure is cooled to room temperature to obtain a preliminarily integrated jet element base.

[0062] After the welding is completed, the nozzle connecting bridge 17, the left signal channel connecting bridge 26, the right signal channel connecting bridge 27, the upper cavity output channel connecting bridge 16 and the lower cavity output channel connecting bridge 23 are removed by diamond grinding head high-speed milling and grinding process or electric spark process to open the flow channel and complete the cavity structure finishing. Finally, the cover plate 1 is covered with the middle layer, the sealing plates 14 are installed on the outer sides of the cover plate 1 and the bottom plate 2, and the cover plate 1, the middle layer, the bottom plate 2 and the two sealing plates 14 are fixed by penetrating through the bolts, wherein the left side plate 3, the right side plate 4 and the wedge 21 are also fixed by penetrating through the bolts to further enhance the impact resistance and the integrity of the structure.

[0063] The left side plate 3, the right side plate 4 and the cleft tip 21 are temporarily connected into an integrated structure by the nozzle connecting bridge 17, the left signal channel connecting bridge 26, the right signal channel connecting bridge 27, the upper cavity output channel connecting bridge 16 and the lower cavity output channel connecting bridge 23. The main flow channel of the fluidic element includes the nozzle 11, the left control channel 13, the right control channel 19, the middle layer left emptying channel 6, the middle layer right emptying channel 9, the working chamber 20, the upper cavity output channel 15 and the lower cavity output channel 22.

[0064] The channel side fluidic element disclosed in the embodiment 1 significantly improves the overall strength and impact resistance of the structure by adopting the vacuum brazing technology to firmly connect the bottom plate and the middle layer and additionally adopting the traditional screw tightening mode. The welding process ensures the firm combination between the middle layer and the bottom plate, so that the fluidic element can maintain stability and reliability under the conditions of high impact energy and high frequency, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency and service life of the fluidic element, and the processing cycle is short and the processing cost is low.

[0065] Embodiment 2. Double-channel welded fluidic element and processing technology thereof:

[0066] In the fluidic element, the bottom plate 2 and the cover plate 1 are made of high cobalt content cemented carbide with good toughness, and the shape and through-hole signal channel are processed by precise wire cutting process. The structure of the bottom plate 2 and the cover plate 1 is symmetrically arranged, including the bottom plate left signal channel 29 and the cover plate left signal channel 28, the bottom plate right signal channel 31 and the cover plate right signal channel 30, the cover plate left emptying channel 5 and the bottom plate left emptying channel 7, and the cover plate right emptying channel 8 and the bottom plate right emptying channel 10. The bottom plate left signal channel 29, the cover plate left signal channel 28, the bottom plate right signal channel 31 and the cover plate right signal channel 30 are through-hole signal channels. The left side plate 3, the right side plate 4 and the cleft tip 21 are made of low cobalt content cemented carbide with excellent erosion resistance, and are formed by wire cutting to constitute the main flow channel of the middle layer, including the nozzle 11, the left control channel 13, the right control channel 19, the left upper signal hole 32, the right upper signal hole 34, the working chamber 20, the middle layer left emptying channel 6, the middle layer right emptying channel 9, the left lower signal hole 33, the right lower signal hole 35, the upper cavity output channel 15 and the lower cavity output channel 22. The middle layer is temporarily connected into a whole by the nozzle connecting bridge 17, the upper cavity output channel connecting bridge 16 and the lower cavity output channel connecting bridge 23, so as to ensure the stability of the relative positions of each part before welding. The cover plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 are provided with throttle plug holes 18 at positions corresponding to the left upper signal hole 32 and the right upper signal hole 34. Four throttle plug holes 18 are provided and the throttle plugs 36 are assembled or glued into the throttle plug holes 18. The throttle plugs 36 include signal channel fluid passages 37 and throttle adjusting passages 38. The sealing plate 14 is made of steel material and has a waist-shaped structure with wide sides and narrow middle, so as to avoid the shielding of the emptying channel after installation. The sealing plate 14 is provided with an annular recess for embedding a sealing ring 42 at a position corresponding to the outer periphery of the throttle plug 36. The sealing ring 42 is used for sealing the fluid medium.

[0067] The processing procedure is as follows:

[0068] Firstly, the cover plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 are made of high cobalt content cemented carbide, and their profiles and through holes, signal channels and evacuation channels are made by precise wire cutting process. Then, the left side plate 3, the right side plate 4 and the cleft tip 21 are made by wire cutting from a whole low cobalt content cemented carbide, and the main body structure of the intermediate layer is preliminarily formed. In this process, the nozzle connecting bridge 17, the upper cavity output channel connecting bridge 16 and the lower cavity output channel connecting bridge 23 are reserved as temporary connecting bridges to maintain the stability of each part of the intermediate layer before welding.

[0069] The bridged intermediate layer and the bottom plate 2 are copper-based vacuum brazed. In the welding process, a purple copper foil with a wire-cutting hollow profile is used as the filler metal, which is completely consistent with the inner and outer profiles of the left side plate 3, the right side plate 4 and the cleft tip 21, and is placed in the welding position. In a vacuum environment, the assembled structure is heated to the melting temperature of the copper-based filler metal, and kept for an appropriate time to ensure that the filler metal uniformly fills and firmly connects each layer. After welding, it is cooled to room temperature to obtain a preliminary integrated jet element.

[0070] Post-processing and fixation: After welding, the nozzle connecting bridge 17, the upper cavity output channel connecting bridge 16 and the lower cavity output channel connecting bridge 23 are removed by diamond grinding head high-speed milling and grinding process or electric spark process, the flow channels of the nozzle 11, the upper cavity output channel 15 and the lower cavity output channel 22 are opened, and the element finishing is completed. Then, the cover plate 1 is covered with the intermediate layer, and the sealing plate 14 is installed on the outside of the cover plate 1 and the bottom plate 2, and the cover plate 1, the intermediate layer, the bottom plate 2 and the two sealing plates 14 are fixed by bolts, and the left side plate 3, the right side plate 4 and the cleft tip 21 are also fixed by bolts to enhance the impact resistance of the structure. Finally, the throttle plug 36 is installed in the throttle plug hole 18 on the upper part of the cover plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 by interference assembly or adhesive method. The left upper signal hole 32 is a smaller diameter hole in the intermediate layer, which can limit the position of the throttle plug 36. The side wall of the throttle plug 36 is provided with a signal channel fluid passage 37 and a throttle adjusting passage 38. The signal channel fluid passage 37 is a passage connecting the bottom plate 2 and the left upper signal hole 32 of the intermediate layer, and the flow field entering the signal channel is turbulent, and the low cobalt erosion-resistant throttle plug 36 is set to prolong the service life of the jet element.

[0071] In the double-channel welding jet element, the left side plate 3, the right side plate 4 and the wedge 21 are temporarily connected into an integrated structure by the nozzle connecting bridge 17, the upper cavity output channel connecting bridge 16 and the lower cavity output channel connecting bridge 23. The main flow channels include the nozzle 11, the left control channel 13, the right control channel 19, the left upper signal hole 32, the right upper signal hole 34, the working chamber 20, the intermediate layer left emptying channel 6, the intermediate layer right emptying channel 9, the left lower signal hole 33, the right lower signal hole 35, the upper cavity output channel 15 and the lower cavity output channel 22. The throttle plug 36 is assembled in the throttle plug hole 18 at the left upper part of the bottom plate 2, as shown in Figure 6 The communication relationship of the throttle plug 36 in the other three places with each channel is the same as that. The signal channel fluid passage 37 is in communication with the left upper signal hole 32, and the throttle adjusting channel 38 coincides with the bottom plate left signal channel 29, but the upper half of the throttle plug is closed, so that the bottom plate left signal channel 29 is no longer through after the throttle plug 36 is added.

[0072] In Example 2, the cover plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 use the toughness characteristics of the hard alloy with high cobalt content, combined with the erosion resistance of the intermediate layer of the hard alloy with low cobalt content and the simplified structure design, so that the element is not easy to break under the high load condition of the large-diameter high-energy hammer drill, and the integrity optimization and impact resistance of the jet element are realized. At the same time, the setting of the throttle plug 36 and the design of the signal channel in the form of a through hole reduce the processing complexity and cost, and improve the performance stability and service life of the element.

[0073] Example 3. Setting PDC layer reinforcing plate 39:

[0074] The PDC layer reinforcing plate 39 is set at the side edges of the left side plate 3 and the right side plate 4 on both sides of the nozzle 11 throat and the tip of the wedge 21. The PDC layer reinforcing plate 39 is a reinforcing plate composed of a diamond layer 40 and a hard alloy layer 41, the hard alloy layer 41 is provided with a positioning column matched and connected with the positioning groove provided on the left side plate 3, the right side plate 4 or the wedge 21, and the diamond layer 40 faces the fluid side, as shown in Figure 11 .

[0075] The process of cutting and adding the PDC layer reinforcing plate 39 is as follows:

[0076] The PDC layer reinforcing plate 39 is a reinforcing plate composed of a diamond layer 40 and a hard alloy layer 41;

[0077] First, the left side plate 3 and the right side plate 4 on both sides of the nozzle 11 throat and the tip of the wedge 21 are cut to a certain thickness by wire cutting, and a positioning groove is cut on the cut section;

[0078] The PDC layer reinforcing plate 39 is cut into a shape identical to the shape and size of the cut part, and during cutting, a positioning column matching the positioning groove is simultaneously cut on one side of the hard alloy layer 41; the diamond layer 40 is cut by laser cutting, and the hard alloy layer 41 is cut by wire cutting;

[0079] The cut PDC layer reinforcing plate 39 is positioned and welded with the corresponding left plate 3, right plate 4 or wedge 21 by vacuum silver-based brazing.

[0080] The copper-based and silver-based solders used in the two weldings are not unique, and other solders can be used as long as the solder used in the second welding does not cause the solder used in the first welding to melt and affect the welding strength.

[0081] The wedge 21 can be designed in a wine bottle shape. The wine bottle-shaped wedge 21 allows the lower through hole 12 to have a larger design size, so that a larger diameter bolt can be designed and installed, thereby reducing the risk of bolt fracture under a larger impact work. The nozzle 11 is a high flow rate area, and the tip part of the wedge 21 is a complex flow field area, which faces a more severe erosion condition. The PDC layer reinforcing plate 39 is used for reinforcement design, so that the water jet element has a longer service life.

Claims

1. A three-layer welded fluidic element structure, characterized by: The three-layer welded jet element structure adopts a channel side jet element; the channel side jet element is composed of a cover plate (1), a bottom plate (2), a left side plate (3), a right side plate (4) and a wedge (21) to form a three-layer structure, the left side plate (3), the right side plate (4) and the wedge (21) are temporarily connected into a whole to form an intermediate layer through a nozzle connecting bridge (17), a left signal channel connecting bridge (26), a right signal channel connecting bridge (27), an upper cavity output channel connecting bridge (16) and a lower cavity output channel connecting bridge (23), the flow channel of the intermediate layer includes, from top to bottom, a nozzle (11), a left control channel (13), a right control channel (19), a left signal channel (24), a right signal channel (25), an intermediate layer left emptying channel (6), an intermediate layer right emptying channel (9), a working chamber (20), an upper cavity output channel (15) and a lower cavity output channel (22); the cover plate (1) is respectively provided with a cover plate left emptying channel (5) and a cover plate right emptying channel (8); the structure of the bottom plate (2) is symmetrically arranged with the cover plate (1), and the bottom plate (2) is respectively provided with a bottom plate left emptying channel (7) and a bottom plate right emptying channel (10); the cover plate left emptying channel (5), the intermediate layer left emptying channel (6) and the bottom plate left emptying channel (7) are communicated with each other, the cover plate right emptying channel (8), the intermediate layer right emptying channel (9) and the bottom plate right emptying channel (10) are communicated with each other, and are used for emptying liquid medium in a low-pressure cavity. The cover plate (1) and the bottom plate (2) are both made of high-cobalt-content hard alloy plates, and the left side plate (3), the right side plate (4) and the wedge (21) are all made of low-cobalt-content hard alloy plates.

2. A three-layer welded fluidic element structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 3. A three-layer welded fluidic element structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also replace the double channel welding jet element; The left side plate (3), the right side plate (4) and the wedge tip (21) of the double channel welding jet element are temporarily connected into a whole to form an intermediate layer through the nozzle connecting bridge (17), the upper cavity output channel connecting bridge (16) and the lower cavity output channel connecting bridge (23) respectively, and the working cavity formed on the intermediate layer includes the nozzle (11), the left control channel (13), the right control channel (19), the left upper signal hole (32), the right upper signal hole (34), the working chamber (20), the intermediate layer left emptying channel (6), the intermediate layer right emptying channel (9), the left lower signal hole (33), the right lower signal hole (35), the upper cavity output channel (15) and the lower cavity output channel (22) which are communicated with each other; The left upper signal hole (32) is arranged at the end of the left control channel (13); The right upper signal hole (34) is arranged at the end of the right control channel (19); The bottom plate (2) is provided with the bottom plate left emptying channel (7), the bottom plate right emptying channel (10), the bottom plate left signal channel (29), the bottom plate right signal channel (31) and two throttle plug holes (18) corresponding to the left upper signal hole (32) and the right upper signal hole (34) respectively; The cover plate (1) is provided with the cover plate left emptying channel (5), the cover plate right emptying channel (8), the cover plate left signal channel (28), the cover plate right signal channel (30) and two throttle plug holes (18) corresponding to the left upper signal hole (32) and the right upper signal hole (34) respectively; The bottom plate (2) and the cover plate (1) are symmetrically arranged, including the bottom plate left signal channel (29) and the cover plate left signal channel (28), the bottom plate right signal channel (31) and the cover plate right signal channel (30), the cover plate left emptying channel (5) and the bottom plate left emptying channel (7), and the cover plate right emptying channel (8) and the bottom plate right emptying channel (10); The bottom plate left signal channel (29), the cover plate left signal channel (28), the bottom plate right signal channel (31) and the cover plate right signal channel (30) are signal channels in the form of through holes; The throttle plug holes (18) are all fitted or glued with the throttle plugs (36); The side wall of the throttle plug (36) is provided with a signal channel fluid passage (37) and a throttle adjusting passage (38); The cover plate left emptying channel (5), the bottom plate left emptying channel (7) and the intermediate layer left emptying channel (6) are through, and the cover plate right emptying channel (8), the bottom plate right emptying channel (10) and the intermediate layer right emptying channel (9) are through, for emptying the low pressure cavity liquid medium; The signal channel fluid passage (37) is communicated with the left upper signal hole (32) or the right upper signal hole (34), the throttle adjusting passage (38) is coincided with the bottom plate left signal channel (29) or the bottom plate right signal channel (31), but the upper half of the throttle plug (36) is closed, so that the bottom plate left signal channel (29) or the bottom plate right signal channel (31) is no longer through after the throttle plug (36) is added; The left upper signal hole (32) and the left lower signal hole (33) form two complete signal channels through the bottom plate left signal channel (29) and the cover plate left signal channel (28); the right upper signal hole (34) and the right lower signal hole (35) form two complete signal channels through the cover plate right signal channel (30) and the bottom plate right signal channel (31).

4. A three-layer welded fluidic element structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing plate (14) is fixedly embedded with a sealing ring (42) at a position corresponding to the outer periphery of the throttle plug (36), and is used for sealing the fluid medium.

5. A three-layer welded fluidic element structure according to claim 1, wherein: A PDC layer reinforcing plate (39) is arranged at the side edges of the left side plate (3) and the right side plate (4) on both sides of the throat of the nozzle (11) and the tip of the wedge (21).

6. A three-layer welded fluidic element structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The PDC layer reinforcing plate (39) is a reinforcing plate composed of a diamond layer (40) and a cemented carbide layer (41), the cemented carbide layer (41) is matched and connected with the positioning groove arranged on the left side plate (3), the right side plate (4) or the wedge (21) through a positioning column, and the diamond layer (40) faces the fluid side.

7. A process for making a three-layer soldered fluidic element structure for use in a three-layer soldered fluidic element structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized by: The steps include, And the following steps are sequentially performed, Step one: according to the design drawing, the cover plate (1) and the bottom plate (2) are made of high-cobalt cemented carbide by wire cutting, and at the same time, the grooves and / or through holes marked on the cover plate (1) and the bottom plate (2) are cut, and a steel sealing plate (14) is made; Step two: according to the design drawing, the left side plate (3), the right side plate (4) and the wedge (21) are made of a whole low-cobalt anti-erosion cemented carbide by wire cutting, the left side plate (3), the right side plate (4) and the wedge (21) are temporarily connected to form an integral middle layer; Step three: the middle layer and the bottom plate (2) are welded into one by vacuum brazing process; Step four: after welding, the connecting bridge is removed by diamond grinding head high-speed milling or electric spark; Step five: the cover plate (1) is covered with the middle layer, the sealing plate (14) is installed on the outside of the cover plate (1) and the bottom plate (2), and the cover plate (1), the middle layer, the bottom plate (2) and the two sealing plates (14) are fixed by bolts, wherein the left side plate (3), the right side plate (4) and the wedge (21) are fixed by bolts.

8. The process of claim 7, wherein: In the vacuum brazing process, red copper foil is used as the filler metal, the red copper foil is cut by electric spark wire cutting or laser cutting to be completely consistent with the shape of the left side plate (3), the right side plate (4) and the wedge (21), and is placed one by one between the middle layer and the bottom plate (2), the working cavity is formed, and the connection is completed in a vacuum environment.

9. The process of claim 7, wherein: Also includes using low-cobalt content cemented carbide to manufacture the throttle plug (36); The throttle plug (36) is used on the double-channel welded jet element in the three-layer welded jet element structure, the side wall of the throttle plug (36) is provided with a signal channel fluid passage (37) and a throttle adjusting passage (38), and the side wall of the throttle plug (36) is processed by wire cutting to form the signal channel fluid passage (37) and the throttle adjusting passage (38); The throttle plug (36) is assembled or glued into the throttle plug hole (18) in interference fit, and the outer side of the throttle plug (36) is sealed against the fluid medium by a sealing ring (42) arranged on the sealing plate (14) in correspondence.

10. The process of claim 7, wherein: Further comprising cutting and adding PDC layer reinforcing plate (39), specifically: The PDC layer reinforcing plate (39) is a reinforcing plate composed of a diamond layer (40) and a cemented carbide layer (41); First, cut a set thickness at the side edges of the left side plate (3) and the right side plate (4) on both sides of the throat of the nozzle (11) and the tip of the wedge (21), and cut a positioning groove on the cut section; Then cut the PDC layer reinforcing plate (39) into the same shape as the cut part, and at the same time, cut a positioning column matching the positioning groove on one side of the cemented carbide layer (41); wherein the diamond layer (40) is cut by laser cutting, and the cemented carbide layer (41) is cut by wire cutting; The cut PDC layer reinforcing plate (39) is positioned and welded with the corresponding left side plate (3), right side plate (4) or wedge (21) by vacuum silver-based brazing.

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