Intelligent early warning system and method for 5T detection station overhaul coming vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent early warning system and method for a 5T detection station overhaul coming vehicle, and solves the problems of human negligence, communication interruption and insufficient response of'human staring 'protection. The system comprises a detection terminal (2 kilometers, double magnetic steel / radar, wide-temperature lithium titanate battery + solar energy and IP67 protection), an alarm terminal (machine room sound-light alarm and differential mode) and a cloud platform (monitoring, log and remote configuration). The core functions are as follows: reverse coming vehicle locking (direction judgment to prevent false alarm), multi-level early warning (preparation in 2 kilometers and immediate lane descending in 1 kilometer) and self-inspection diagnosis; 4G / 5G / LoRa transmission is adopted, the reliability is ensured by dual-computer hot standby, the civil defense is replaced by technical defense, the intrinsic safety is improved, and the probability of maintenance accidents is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway safety protection technology, specifically to an intelligent early warning system and method for approaching trains applied to the maintenance operations of railway 5T detection stations. It is used to solve the safety hazards of the "human-to-human" protection mode during maintenance, and to achieve accurate early warning of approaching trains and improve inherent safety. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the maintenance of railway 5T detection stations uses a "person-to-person" protection mode, which has three core risks:

[0003] Firstly, human negligence is a major factor. 5T detection stations are mostly located in remote areas along railway lines, and maintenance work often lasts for 4-6 hours. Workers are prone to fatigue due to long hours of outdoor duty (high temperatures in summer and severe cold in winter), which can lead to delays in recognizing train signals. According to railway safety statistics, in the past three years, 32% of train warnings were missed due to personnel's lack of concentration. Furthermore, in severe weather conditions such as heavy rain and fog, the visual observation distance is reduced to less than 200 meters, further increasing the probability of missed detections.

[0004] Secondly, communication is interrupted. The communication method relying on walkie-talkies has obvious limitations. Its effective communication distance is usually no more than 1 kilometer. When there are tunnels or mountains blocking the way between the work point and the lookout point, the signal interruption time can be as long as 5-10 seconds. At the same time, if more than 3 maintenance work groups in the same section use walkie-talkies at the same time, channel congestion is likely to occur. The transmission delay of critical early warning information (such as "train approaching on the adjacent line") can be as high as 8 seconds, which far exceeds the safety response threshold.

[0005] Third, there is insufficient reaction time for approaching trains. Under the current protection system, workers need to visually detect approaching trains or report them from lookout points. By the time they are detected, the train is often within 500 meters of the work site. At the common railway speed of 60 km / h, the remaining reaction time is only 30 seconds. However, during maintenance work, personnel need to carry tools such as multimeters and wrenches to evacuate and climb to a safe platform. It is difficult to complete a safe evacuation in 30 seconds. In the past five years, an average of 6 dangerous incidents have occurred annually due to untimely response to approaching trains.

[0006] The aforementioned problems mean that the safety protection of maintenance operations relies entirely on the sense of responsibility and real-time status of personnel, resulting in a low level of inherent safety. Especially in scenarios where the maintenance of 5T detection station equipment requires frequent contact with high-voltage components and climbing of detection frames, once the protection fails, it is very easy to cause personal injury accidents. There is an urgent need for a reliable "technical protection" equipment to replace "human protection" and fill the gaps in the existing safety protection system. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent early warning system and method for approaching vehicles during the maintenance of 5T detection stations. This system addresses the risks associated with the "human-to-human" protection mode in 5T detection station maintenance operations, such as human negligence, communication interruptions, and insufficient reaction time to approaching vehicles. It also addresses the problem of low inherent safety levels due to excessive reliance on personnel's sense of responsibility and condition for safety protection. By constructing an intelligent early warning system that includes detection terminals (sensing from 2 kilometers away), alarm terminals (audio and visual warnings in the equipment room), and an optional cloud platform (monitoring and management), the system achieves accurate early detection of approaching vehicles, reliable wireless transmission, blocking of vehicles approaching from the opposite direction to prevent false alarms, multi-level early warning, and high reliability assurance. This system replaces "human-based" protection with "technical protection," improving the inherent safety level of 5T detection station maintenance operations and reducing the probability of safety accidents.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A 5T detection station maintenance vehicle intelligent early warning system includes a detection terminal, an alarm terminal, and an optional cloud platform;

[0010] The detection terminal is installed 2 kilometers away in the direction of oncoming traffic and includes a sensor module, a processing unit, a communication module, a power supply system, and a protective housing; the alarm terminal is installed in the detection station's equipment room and includes a communication module, an audible and visual alarm module, and a status indicator module; the cloud platform is used for equipment monitoring, log recording, and remote configuration; the detection terminal, alarm terminal, and cloud platform are connected wirelessly.

[0011] Furthermore, the sensor module of the detection terminal is a dual magnet, Doppler radar, or lidar; the processing unit integrates a reverse-traffic interlocking algorithm, calculates the vehicle speed and determines the train direction through the sensor trigger time difference, and generates an alarm signal only for trains heading towards the work point.

[0012] Furthermore, the power system of the detection terminal includes a lithium titanate battery, a solar panel, and a charge / discharge controller. The lithium titanate battery operates in a temperature range of -40℃ to 60℃. The protective casing has a protection rating of not less than IP67.

[0013] Furthermore, the communication module of the detection terminal is an industrial-grade 4G / 5G DTU module, supporting the MQTT protocol, with LoRa as the backup communication protocol; the audible and visual alarm module of the alarm terminal has differentiated modes: a rapid continuous sound + red rotating light for a vehicle approaching on the local line, and an intermittent sound + yellow light for a vehicle approaching on the adjacent line.

[0014] Furthermore, the cloud platform has the following functions: real-time monitoring of device online status, battery level, and fault information; log recording function for storing vehicle alarm time, location, and speed; and remote configuration function for remotely updating detection terminal parameters.

[0015] Furthermore, the 5T detection station's intelligent early warning system for approaching trains also includes a multi-level early warning mechanism: Level 1 early warning is triggered when a train enters the 2-kilometer detection zone, prompting "Prepare to exit the track"; Level 2 early warning is triggered when a train enters the 1-kilometer range, prompting "Exit the track immediately" with enhanced audio and visual warnings; the alarm is automatically deactivated after the train passes.

[0016] Furthermore, the detection terminal and alarm terminal have self-testing and fault diagnosis functions, and can report faults such as magnet damage, low battery power, and network interruption.

[0017] A method for intelligent early warning of approaching vehicles during maintenance at a 5T detection station, applied to the aforementioned intelligent early warning system for approaching vehicles during maintenance at a 5T detection station, includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: The detection terminal detects oncoming trains through the sensor module, the processing unit calculates the train speed and determines the direction, and generates an alarm signal only for trains heading toward the work point;

[0019] S2: The detection terminal transmits the alarm signal to the alarm terminal or cloud platform through the communication module;

[0020] S3: After receiving the signal, the alarm terminal triggers the corresponding sound and light mode according to the multi-level early warning mechanism, and the status indicator module displays the system status;

[0021] S4: After receiving the data, the cloud platform enables equipment monitoring, log recording, and remote configuration; the system automatically deactivates the alarm after the train passes.

[0022] The intelligent early warning system and method for maintenance vehicles at the 5T detection station of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. Addressing the pain points of traditional protection: Completely eliminate the risks of human negligence, walkie-talkie communication interruption, and insufficient reaction time to approaching vehicles under the "person-to-person" mode, avoid safety hazards caused by fluctuations in personnel condition, and fundamentally improve the reliability of protection during maintenance operations.

[0024] 2. Achieve precise and intelligent early warning: Through dual magnet / radar sensing + reverse approach train locking algorithm, accurately determine the direction and speed of the approaching train, and only alarm the trains heading towards the work point to eliminate false alarm interference; multi-level early warning (2 km preparation, 1 km emergency) provides the workers with sufficient time to exit the track, and the timeliness and accuracy of the early warning are significantly improved.

[0025] 3. Ensure reliable operation in complex environments: The detection terminal adopts a wide-temperature lithium titanate battery (-40℃-60℃) and solar power for operation, and is equipped with an IP67 dustproof, waterproof and shockproof shell, making it suitable for harsh outdoor environments on railways; the dual-machine hot standby design and self-diagnostic fault function ensure that the system has no risk of downtime, and the equipment stability far exceeds that of traditional protection methods.

[0026] 4. Improve management and traceability efficiency: The optional cloud platform supports real-time monitoring of equipment status and automatic recording of vehicle alarm logs (time, location, speed), facilitating safety traceability and operation analysis; the remote configuration of terminal parameters reduces on-site maintenance costs and improves the convenience of system management.

[0027] 5. Promote the upgrade of inherent safety: Replace "human defense" with "technical defense", transform safety protection from "relying on the sense of responsibility of personnel" to "automatic equipment protection", which meets the inherent safety requirements of the railway industry, greatly reduces the probability of safety accidents during the maintenance of 5T detection stations, and provides a solid guarantee for the life safety of operators. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the intelligent early warning system for maintenance vehicles at the 5T detection station in this invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of the intelligent early warning method for maintenance vehicles at the 5T detection station in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] The intelligent early warning system for maintenance vehicles at the 5T detection station of the present invention includes a detection terminal, an alarm terminal and an optional cloud platform. The three components are connected via wireless communication to form a closed-loop security protection system, realizing a full-process early warning system of "front-end perception - reliable transmission - intelligent judgment - strong warning - remote monitoring".

[0032] Specifically:

[0033] (1) Detection terminal, installed 2 kilometers in the direction of oncoming traffic.

[0034] Sensor module: Uses dual magnets (low cost, high reliability, requires burial) or Doppler radar / lidar (easy to install, accurate speed and distance measurement) to detect approaching vehicles;

[0035] Processing Unit (MCU): Integrates core algorithms to calculate vehicle speed, determine train direction, and generate alarm signals;

[0036] Communication module: It adopts an industrial-grade 4G / 5G DTU module (built-in SIM card, supports MQTT protocol). When the signal coverage is insufficient, it switches to the LoRa private network protocol to transmit data to the alarm terminal or cloud platform.

[0037] Power system: The core is a lithium titanate battery (with a wide temperature range of -40℃ to 60℃, suitable for harsh outdoor environments on railways), combined with solar panels and a charge / discharge controller to achieve permanent battery life;

[0038] Protective housing: Protection level not lower than IP67, with dustproof, waterproof, shockproof and lightning protection capabilities.

[0039] (2) Alarm terminal, installed in the detection station equipment room

[0040] Communication module: Receives early warning signals from detection terminals or cloud platforms;

[0041] Audible and visual alarm module: high-brightness LED lights + high-decibel buzzer, with differentiated audio and visual modes (train approaching on this line: rapid continuous sound + red rotating light; train approaching on the adjacent line: intermittent sound + yellow light);

[0042] Status indicator module: Displays the system's own status, such as power supply, network connection, and device failure.

[0043] (3) Cloud platform (optional)

[0044] Status monitoring function: Supports viewing the online status, battery level, and fault information of all devices on computers / mobile devices;

[0045] Log recording function: Stores vehicle alarm time, location, and speed data to form a traceable safety log;

[0046] Remote configuration function: Remotely update detection terminal parameters (such as sensitivity, alarm delay).

[0047] Core functionality optimization

[0048] (1) Reverse-coming train locking algorithm: The train speed is calculated and the direction is determined by the trigger time difference of the double magnets. The alarm is only triggered for trains heading towards the work point, ignoring trains heading in the opposite direction to avoid false alarms.

[0049] (2) Multi-level early warning mechanism: Level 1 early warning (train enters 2 km detection zone), reminds "prepare to exit the track"; Level 2 early warning (train enters 1 km range), sound and light are enhanced, prompting "exit the track immediately"; the alarm is automatically deactivated after the train passes.

[0050] (3) Self-inspection and fault diagnosis: The equipment performs self-inspection regularly and reports faults (such as damaged magnets, low battery power, network interruption) through cloud or local indicator lights.

[0051] Implementation and Compliance Requirements

[0052] Cooperation and Certification: Developed in collaboration with railway research institutions or manufacturers with experience in railway equipment cooperation, the products meet TB railway industry standards;

[0053] Installation and maintenance: The installation location of the detection terminal is confirmed by the engineering and electrical departments to avoid affecting existing equipment; a regular inspection system is established to ensure that the solar panels are clean and the batteries are in good condition. Specific implementation examples:

[0055] Taking the maintenance operation of a 5T detection station at K125+300 on a certain railway trunk line, the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, as an example, the implementation steps are as follows:

[0056] (I) Installation of the detection terminal:

[0057] A dual-magnetic sensor is installed on the outer shoulder of the track 2 kilometers in the direction of oncoming traffic (corresponding to railway mileage K127+300). The distance between the two magnets is strictly controlled at 50cm (meeting railway vehicle sensor triggering standards), and the burial depth is 15cm (to avoid displacement caused by track vibration). The processing unit uses an industrial-grade MCU module, encapsulated in an aluminum alloy shell with IP67 protection rating, and is fixed to the cement signal posts along the line with expansion bolts (installation height 1.2m, to prevent human contact and water immersion). The communication module adopts Huawei ME909s-821 industrial-grade 4G. The DTU has a built-in IoT-dedicated SIM card (500MB of data per month to meet data transmission needs); the power system is equipped with a 12V / 100Ah lithium titanate battery (supports low-temperature start-up at -40℃, and can independently run for 72 hours on a full charge) and a 30W monocrystalline silicon solar panel (with an MPPT charge and discharge controller, generating approximately 0.3kWh per day). During installation, the solar panel tilt angle is adjusted to 35° (to adapt to the local latitude and improve sunlight utilization); during the commissioning phase, the sensitivity of the magnet is calibrated using dedicated host computer software, and the trigger threshold is set to 0.5T to ensure that only train wheel set signals are captured and to filter out interference such as stones and weeds.

[0058] (II) Alarm Terminal Deployment:

[0059] An alarm terminal is fixed on the right wall of the entrance to the detection station's equipment room (1.8m high, easily visible to operators). The terminal integrates a 20W red / yellow LED rotating light (500cd brightness, visibility ≥20m in strong light) and a 110dB high-decibel buzzer (covering 50m of the equipment room). 2 (No blind spots in hearing range); connect to a 4G router via an industrial switch in the computer room, and enter the detection terminal's unique SN code (such as DTU202506001) on the terminal operation panel to complete encryption pairing (to prevent crosstalk between adjacent line devices); at the same time, connect to the computer room's UPS power supply (which can maintain terminal operation for 4 hours in the event of a power outage) to avoid alarm failure due to mains power interruption.

[0060] (III) Cloud Platform Access:

[0061] Log in to the railway safety management cloud platform (such as the China Railway Information Technology Co., Ltd. "Smart Engineering" system), and in the "Equipment Management" module, enter the mileage marker number, sensor type, communication protocol of the detection terminal, as well as the installation location and sound and light mode parameters of the alarm terminal; in the "Early Warning Configuration" module, set the first-level early warning trigger condition to "train enters the 2-kilometer detection zone" (corresponding to the system receiving the first trigger signal from the magnet), and the second-level early warning to "train is less than 1 kilometer from the detection station" (calculate the remaining distance based on the train speed, such as at a speed of 60 km / h, the trigger time is 60 seconds later than the first-level early warning), and enable the "Automatic Log Backup" function (synchronize alarm data to the local server at 2:00 AM every day and retain a one-year traceability record); grant mobile APP permissions to the maintenance team management personnel and set the priority of early warning information push (second-level early warning triggers SMS + voice dual reminders).

[0062] (iv) Homework Test:

[0063] At 14:20 on a certain day, a freight train (train number HXD3D-0568) was traveling north along the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway towards the detection station. At 14:21, the train's wheelset triggered the first magnet. The detection terminal processing unit calculated the train speed to be 60 km / h and determined the direction to be "heading towards the work point," immediately sending a Level 1 warning signal. At 14:22, the red LED light on the alarm terminal began to flash twice per second, and the buzzer emitted an intermittent "beep-beep-" sound (with a 1-second interval). Upon receiving the notification, the personnel in the machine room stopped maintenance, organized their tools, and prepared to leave the track. At 14:23, the train entered the 1-kilometer range, triggering a Level 2 warning. The LED light flashing frequency increased to 5 times per second, and the buzzer changed to... A continuous "beep beep beep" sound signaled that the workers should immediately evacuate to a safe area. At 14:25, the train completely passed the detection station, and the detection terminal received the second trigger signal from the magnet (the rear of the train passed). It automatically sent an alarm cancellation command, the LED light on the alarm terminal turned solid green, and the buzzer stopped working. The next day, a simulated magnet failure was performed (the wiring of one of the magnets was disconnected). The detection terminal's self-test module identified the fault within 10 seconds and reported "Magnet 1 signal lost" to the cloud via the 4G network. The platform immediately pushed the fault information to the maintenance personnel's mobile APP (including the location of the faulty equipment and the fault type). The maintenance personnel arrived at the site within 30 minutes, replaced the spare magnet, and the system returned to normal.

[0064] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 5T detection station maintenance vehicle intelligent early warning system, characterized in that: Includes detection terminals, alarm terminals, and an optional cloud platform; The detection terminal is installed 2 kilometers away in the direction of oncoming traffic and includes a sensor module, a processing unit, a communication module, a power supply system, and a protective housing; the alarm terminal is installed in the detection station's equipment room and includes a communication module, an audible and visual alarm module, and a status indicator module; the cloud platform is used for equipment monitoring, log recording, and remote configuration; the detection terminal, alarm terminal, and cloud platform are connected wirelessly.

2. The intelligent early warning system for approaching vehicles at a 5T detection station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor module of the detection terminal is a dual magnet, Doppler radar or lidar; the processing unit integrates a reverse approach vehicle locking algorithm, calculates the vehicle speed and determines the train direction by the sensor trigger time difference, and generates an alarm signal only for trains heading towards the work point.

3. The intelligent early warning system for approaching vehicles at a 5T detection station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power system of the detection terminal includes a lithium titanate battery, a solar panel, and a charge / discharge controller. The lithium titanate battery operates in a temperature range of -40℃ to 60℃. The protective casing has a protection rating of not less than IP67.

4. The intelligent early warning system for approaching vehicles at a 5T detection station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module of the detection terminal is an industrial-grade 4G / 5G DTU module, supporting the MQTT protocol, with LoRa as the backup communication protocol; the audible and visual alarm module of the alarm terminal has differentiated modes: a rapid continuous sound + red rotating light for a vehicle approaching on the local line, and an intermittent sound + yellow light for a vehicle approaching on the adjacent line.

5. The intelligent early warning system for approaching vehicles at a 5T detection station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cloud platform has the following functions: real-time monitoring of device online status, battery level, and fault information; log recording function for storing vehicle alarm time, location, and speed; and remote configuration function for remotely updating detection terminal parameters.

6. The intelligent early warning system for approaching vehicles at a 5T detection station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 5T detection station's intelligent early warning system for approaching trains also includes a multi-level early warning mechanism: Level 1 early warning is triggered when a train enters the 2-kilometer detection zone, prompting "Prepare to exit the track"; Level 2 early warning is triggered when a train enters the 1-kilometer range, prompting "Exit the track immediately" with enhanced audio and visual warnings; the alarm is automatically deactivated after the train passes.

7. The intelligent early warning system for approaching vehicles at a 5T detection station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection terminal and alarm terminal have self-testing and fault diagnosis functions, and can report faults such as magnet damage, low battery power, and network interruption.

8. A method for intelligent early warning of approaching vehicles during maintenance at a 5T detection station, applied to the intelligent early warning system for approaching vehicles during maintenance at a 5T detection station as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: The detection terminal detects oncoming trains through the sensor module, the processing unit calculates the train speed and determines the direction, and generates an alarm signal only for trains heading toward the work point; S2: The detection terminal transmits the alarm signal to the alarm terminal or cloud platform through the communication module; S3: After receiving the signal, the alarm terminal triggers the corresponding sound and light mode according to the multi-level early warning mechanism, and the status indicator module displays the system status; S4: After receiving the data, the cloud platform enables equipment monitoring, log recording, and remote configuration; the system automatically deactivates the alarm after the train passes.

Images