A method for improving seed germination of iris pseudacorus

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of seed seedling raising, and particularly relates to a method for improving the germination of Iris laeta seeds; the method for the germination of Iris laeta seeds comprises five steps of acid etching softening, nano medicine grinding, ultrasonic perforation, enzymatic hydrolysis permeation and seedbed promotion; the method can stably improve the germination rate of the Iris laeta seeds from the natural state, realizes the growth of the germination rate by several times, directly solves the most core bottleneck problem in the large-scale propagation of the Iris laeta, meanwhile, the method can make the germination of the Iris laeta seeds highly synchronous, uniform and consistent, greatly facilitates the subsequent seedling management and reduces the production cost, avoids the use of strong pollution chemicals such as concentrated sulfuric acid, is more environmentally friendly and safe, and is an efficient, rapid, stable and strong seedling cultivation method for the Iris laeta seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seed and seedling technology, specifically to a method for improving the germination of Iris tectorum seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Iris tectorum is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Iris in the family Iridaceae. Also known as horse lily, horse flower, and iris seed, it possesses remarkable characteristics such as salt and alkali tolerance, drought tolerance, tolerance to poor soil, waterlogging tolerance, cold resistance, and wind and sand resistance. It can grow normally in saline-alkali land, arid slopes, and infertile soils where most plants struggle to survive. Furthermore, its well-developed and dense root system effectively holds the soil in place and reduces soil erosion, making it an ideal plant for slope protection and embankment stabilization. It helps reduce soil salinity and creates favorable conditions for the growth of other plants. Iris tectorum seeds are typically brownish-irregularly shaped and nearly spherical. Under natural conditions, due to the extremely dense seed coat, which has very poor water and air permeability, the embryo inside has difficulty breaking through the seed coat to germinate, resulting in a very low natural germination rate and an extremely long germination time.

[0003] Existing methods for improving the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds mainly include warm water soaking, mechanical peeling, concentrated sulfuric acid corrosion, and soaking with plant growth regulators. Among these, warm water soaking is only effective for Iris tectorum seeds, which have extremely hard seed coats and deep dormancy, allowing only a small amount of water to penetrate and soften the seeds, resulting in a very limited improvement in the final germination rate. Mechanical peeling is difficult to ensure that each seed is subjected to consistent force and abrasion; too little force is ineffective, while too much force can easily damage the embryo and cause the seed to die completely. It is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient, making it unsuitable for large-scale seed treatment. Concentrated sulfuric acid corrosion produces a large amount of waste acid that needs to be neutralized, which does not meet the requirements of green environmental protection, and its effect on breaking physiological dormancy is limited. Soaking with plant growth regulators is difficult to effectively penetrate the hard seed coat to reach the target site, resulting in a significant reduction in efficacy.

[0004] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a solution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for improving the germination of Iris tectorum seeds, which can cultivate high-quality, vigorous, and robust Iris tectorum seedlings, laying the foundation for subsequent transplanting and growth.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for improving the germination of Iris tectorum seeds includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: Acid etching and softening: Collect mature fruit spikes from healthy and disease-free Iris plants, place them in a cool and dry place to remove the pods and air dry them. Remove the seed coat and impurities to obtain Iris seeds. Rinse the Iris seeds with distilled water 3-5 times. After rinsing, transfer them to a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution and soak them at room temperature. After soaking, take them out without thoroughly rinsing them. The surface of the Iris seeds should be moistened and coated with hydrogen peroxide solution to obtain pre-activated Iris seeds.

[0008] S2: Nanoparticle grinding: Add gibberellin to anhydrous ethanol and stir to dissolve for 15 minutes. Then add deionized water and continue stirring and mixing for 30 minutes to obtain gibberellin solution. Take 1 kg of nano-diatomaceous earth and place it in a beaker. Then use a sprayer to evenly spray the gibberellin solution onto the nano-diatomaceous earth. While spraying the gibberellin solution, use a glass rod to stir quickly to spray the nano-diatomaceous earth into moist but non-clumping loose granular nano-diatomaceous earth. Add the pre-activated Iris tectorum seeds and loose granular nano-diatomaceous earth into a triangular flask with a sealed cap. Then tighten the cap and place the triangular flask on a shaker. Set the shaker to a shaking frequency of 300 rpm and shake for 15-20 minutes to obtain synchronously rubbed Iris tectorum seeds.

[0009] S3: Ultrasonic perforation: Place the synchronously rubbed Iris seeds in deionized water and wash them 3-5 times. After washing, transfer them to a beaker containing warm water at 40-45℃, ensuring that the liquid completely submerges the seeds. Then transfer the beaker to a probe-type ultrasonic instrument, set the ultrasonic frequency to 40-60kHz, and ultrasonically treat for 10-15 minutes. During the ultrasonic treatment, strictly control the temperature of the warm water in the beaker to be maintained at 40-45℃. After ultrasonic treatment, primary Iris seeds are obtained.

[0010] S4: Enzymatic hydrolysis: Adjust the pH of sterile pure water to 4.6-5.0 using 0.1M dilute hydrochloric acid solution and 1% citric acid solution. Then add pectinase and cellulase to the pH-adjusted sterile pure water and stir to dissolve to obtain the enzyme preparation. Transfer the enzyme preparation to a water bath and preheat the water bath to 35-40℃ for 10 minutes. After preheating, add the primary Iris tectorum seeds to the preheated enzyme preparation. After adding, seal the water bath and keep the water bath temperature constant for 6-10 hours. During the constant temperature incubation, use a slow shaker to continuously shake at a frequency of 50 rpm.

[0011] S5: Promoting Germination in a Warm Bed: Select a seedling tray with drainage holes at the bottom. Lay a bottom layer of composite seedling substrate, then fill in the middle layer of composite seedling substrate on top. After filling, gently compact and smooth the substrate, leaving 2-3 cm between the middle layer and the top of the tray. Clean the primary Iris seeds (after constant temperature incubation) and sow them evenly on the surface of the middle layer. After sowing, evenly cover the seeds with the top layer of composite seedling substrate. Then, use a fine-nozzle sprayer with the lowest spray nozzles. Thoroughly water the seedling substrate with a high flow rate until water seeps out from the bottom of the seedling pot. During seed germination, keep the seedling pot in a bright, diffused light environment with a room temperature of 20-25℃ and an air humidity of 70%. When the surface of the composite seedling substrate becomes lighter in color and slightly dry, thoroughly water the composite seedling substrate with a fine-nozzle sprayer at the lowest flow rate until water seeps out from the bottom of the seedling pot. Spray with a 1000-fold dilution of Trichoderma harzianum once a week. After the seeds have grown 3 true leaves, use a 12% balanced liquid fertilizer.

[0012] Furthermore, the mass ratio of gibberellin, anhydrous ethanol, and deionized water in step S2 is 0.1:9.9:990; the mass ratio of pre-activated Iris tectorum seeds and loose granular nano-diatomaceous earth in step S2 is 1:4.

[0013] Furthermore, the mass ratio of pectinase, cellulase, and pH-adjusted sterile pure water in step S4 is 0.5:0.5:99.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom layer of the composite seedling substrate in step S5 is 6-8mm zeolite with a thickness of 2-3cm; the middle layer of the composite seedling substrate in step S5 is composed of the following weight percentage components: 49% coconut coir, 49% vermiculite, 1% water-retaining agent, 0.5% arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and 0.5% Bacillus; the top layer of the composite seedling substrate in step S5 is 2-4mm vermiculite with a thickness of 0.5-1cm.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. This invention systematically overcomes the dual obstacles of hard seed coat and poor permeability of Iris tectorum seeds and embryo physiological dormancy through a multi-stage synergistic treatment of "hydrogen peroxide pre-activation - nano-drug-loaded friction - ultrasonic cavitation hole creation - biological enzymatic softening". It can stably and repeatedly increase the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds from the extremely low level of less than 20% under natural conditions to more than 94%, achieving a nearly 5-fold increase. It directly solves the core bottleneck problem of Iris tectorum being difficult to scale up in ecological restoration and landscaping applications due to seedling shortage.

[0017] 2: The germination process of seeds treated by this invention is highly synchronized, specifically, the germination potential can reach 70% on the 7th day, while under natural conditions, almost no germination occurs at this time. The average germination time is shortened from more than 22 days under natural conditions to 9 to 10 days, which allows for unified seedling management and greatly saves manpower and management costs.

[0018] 3: The seedling vigor index of the seeds treated by this invention can reach more than 2.5 times that of the conventional best treatment method. Specifically, the root length, seedling height and fresh weight of the seedlings are significantly optimized, which means that the seedlings have stronger photosynthetic capacity, nutrient absorption capacity and stress resistance, resulting in a high survival rate of transplanted seedlings and vigorous growth in the later stage.

[0019] 4. This invention innovatively uses "gibberellin-loaded nano-friction powder" to achieve instantaneous synchronization of physical skin breaking and chemical germination promotion, shortening the traditional chemical soaking process that takes several hours to several days to minutes, significantly improving processing efficiency. At the same time, it avoids the use of dangerous and highly polluting chemicals such as concentrated sulfuric acid, mainly relying on physical energy and biological agents, making the operation safer, more environmentally friendly, and in line with the green and sustainable development concept of modern agriculture. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods, performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0022] Example 1 is a method for improving the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds.

[0023] 1. Collect mature fruit spikes from healthy and disease-free Iris plants, place them in a cool, dry place to remove the pods and air dry them. Remove the seed coat and impurities to obtain 500g of Iris seeds. Rinse the Iris seeds three times with distilled water. After rinsing, transfer them to a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution and soak them at room temperature for 12 hours. After soaking, remove them without thoroughly rinsing. Allow the surface of the Iris seeds to be moistened and coated with hydrogen peroxide solution to obtain 500g of pre-activated Iris seeds.

[0024] 2: Add 0.1g of gibberellin to 9.9g of anhydrous ethanol, set the stirrer speed to 300rpm, and stir to dissolve for 15min. Then add 990g of deionized water, set the stirrer speed to 500rpm, and continue stirring to mix for 30min to obtain gibberellin solution. Take 1kg of nano diatomaceous earth and place it in a beaker. Then use a sprayer to evenly spray the gibberellin solution onto the nano diatomaceous earth. While spraying the gibberellin solution, use a glass rod to stir quickly to spray the nano diatomaceous earth into moist but non-clumping loose granular nano diatomaceous earth.

[0025] 3: Add 500g of pre-activated Iris seeds and 2kg of loose granular nano-diatomaceous earth to a triangular flask with a sealed lid, then tighten the lid, place the triangular flask on a shaker, set the shaker frequency to 300rpm and shake for 15min to obtain synchronously rubbed Iris seeds.

[0026] 4: Place the synchronously rubbed Iris seeds in deionized water and wash them 3 times. After washing, transfer them to a beaker containing 40°C warm water, ensuring that the liquid completely submerges the seeds. Then transfer the beaker to a probe-type ultrasonic instrument, set the ultrasonic frequency to 40kHz, and ultrasonically treat for 10 minutes. During the ultrasonic treatment, strictly control the temperature of the warm water in the beaker to be 40°C. After ultrasonic treatment, primary Iris seeds are obtained.

[0027] 5: Adjust the pH of sterile pure water to 4.6 using 0.1M dilute hydrochloric acid solution and 1% citric acid solution. Then add 5g pectinase and 5g cellulase to 990g of pH-adjusted sterile pure water. Set the stirrer speed to 200rpm and stir for 15min to dissolve and obtain the enzyme preparation. Transfer the enzyme preparation to a water bath and preheat the water bath to 35℃ for 10min.

[0028] 6: After preheating, add the primary Iris seeds to the preheated enzyme preparation. After adding, seal the water bath and keep the water bath temperature constant for 6 hours. During the constant temperature incubation, use a slow shaker to continuously shake the mixture at a frequency of 50 rpm.

[0029] 7: Select 6mm zeolite as the bottom layer of the composite seedling substrate, select 2mm vermiculite as the top layer of the composite seedling substrate, weigh 490g coconut coir, 490g vermiculite, 10g water-retaining agent, 6g arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and 5g Bacillus, mix them evenly as the middle layer of the composite seedling substrate.

[0030] 8. Select a seedling pot with holes at the bottom. Lay a 2cm thick layer of composite seedling substrate at the bottom. Then, fill the middle layer of composite seedling substrate on top of the bottom layer. After filling, gently compact and smooth it. After smoothing, the middle layer of composite seedling substrate should be 3cm away from the top of the seedling pot. Then, clean the primary Iris seeds that have been incubated at a constant temperature and sow them evenly on the surface of the middle layer of composite seedling substrate. After sowing, evenly cover the seeds with the upper layer of composite seedling substrate with a thickness of 0.5cm. Then, use a fine-nozzle sprayer to thoroughly water the composite seedling substrate at the lowest water flow rate until water seeps out from the bottom of the seedling pot.

[0031] 9. During seed germination, keep the seedling tray in a bright, diffused light environment with a room temperature of 20℃ and an air humidity of 70%. When the surface of the composite seedling substrate becomes lighter in color and slightly dry, thoroughly water the composite seedling substrate with a fine-nozzle sprayer at the lowest water flow rate until water seeps out from the bottom of the seedling tray. Spray with a 1000-fold dilution of Trichoderma harzianum once a week. After the seeds have grown 3 true leaves, use a 12% balanced liquid fertilizer.

[0032] Example 2 is a method for improving the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds.

[0033] 1. Collect mature fruit spikes from healthy and disease-free Iris plants, place them in a cool, dry place to remove the pods and air dry them. Remove the seed coat and impurities to obtain 500g of Iris seeds. Rinse the Iris seeds 5 times with distilled water. After rinsing, transfer them to a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution and soak them at room temperature for 12 hours. After soaking, remove them without thoroughly rinsing. Allow the surface of the Iris seeds to be moistened and coated with hydrogen peroxide solution to obtain 500g of pre-activated Iris seeds.

[0034] 2: Add 0.1g of gibberellin to 9.9g of anhydrous ethanol, set the stirrer speed to 300rpm, and stir to dissolve for 15min. Then add 990g of deionized water, set the stirrer speed to 500rpm, and continue stirring to mix for 30min to obtain gibberellin solution. Take 1kg of nano diatomaceous earth and place it in a beaker. Then use a sprayer to evenly spray the gibberellin solution onto the nano diatomaceous earth. While spraying the gibberellin solution, use a glass rod to stir quickly to spray the nano diatomaceous earth into moist but non-clumping loose granular nano diatomaceous earth.

[0035] 3: Add 500g of pre-activated Iris seeds and 2kg of loose granular nano-diatomaceous earth to a triangular flask with a sealed lid, then tighten the lid, place the triangular flask on a shaker, set the shaker frequency to 300rpm and shake for 20min to obtain synchronously rubbed Iris seeds.

[0036] 4: Place the synchronously rubbed Iris seeds in deionized water and wash them 5 times. After washing, transfer them to a beaker containing 45°C warm water, ensuring that the liquid completely submerges the seeds. Then transfer the beaker to a probe-type ultrasonic instrument, set the ultrasonic frequency to 60kHz, and ultrasonically treat for 15 minutes. During the ultrasonic treatment, strictly control the temperature of the warm water in the beaker to be 45°C. After ultrasonic treatment, primary Iris seeds are obtained.

[0037] 5: Adjust the pH of sterile pure water to 5.0 using 0.1M dilute hydrochloric acid solution and 1% citric acid solution. Then add 5g pectinase and 5g cellulase to 990g of pH-adjusted sterile pure water. Set the stirrer speed to 200rpm and stir for 15min to dissolve and obtain the enzyme preparation. Transfer the enzyme preparation to a water bath and preheat the water bath to 40℃ for 10min.

[0038] 6: After preheating, add the primary Iris seeds to the preheated enzyme preparation. After adding, seal the water bath and keep the water bath temperature constant for 10 hours. During the constant temperature incubation, use a slow shaker to continuously shake the mixture, setting the shaking frequency of the slow shaker to 50 rpm.

[0039] 7: Select 8mm zeolite as the bottom layer of the composite seedling substrate, select 4mm vermiculite as the top layer of the composite seedling substrate, weigh 490g coconut coir, 490g vermiculite, 10g water-retaining agent, 6g arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and 5g Bacillus, mix them evenly as the middle layer of the composite seedling substrate.

[0040] 8. Select a seedling pot with holes at the bottom. Lay a 3cm thick layer of composite seedling substrate at the bottom. Then, fill the middle layer of composite seedling substrate on the bottom layer. After filling, gently compact and smooth it. After smoothing, the middle layer of composite seedling substrate should be 2cm away from the top of the seedling pot. Then, clean the primary Iris seeds that have been incubated at a constant temperature and sow them evenly on the surface of the middle layer of composite seedling substrate. After sowing, evenly cover the seeds with the upper layer of composite seedling substrate with a thickness of 1cm. Then, use a fine-nozzle sprayer to thoroughly water the composite seedling substrate at the lowest water flow rate until water seeps out from the bottom of the seedling pot.

[0041] 9. During seed germination, keep the seedling tray in a bright, diffused light environment with a room temperature of 20-25℃ and an air humidity of 70%. When the surface of the composite seedling substrate becomes lighter in color and slightly dry, thoroughly water the composite seedling substrate with a fine-nozzle sprayer at the lowest water flow rate until water seeps out from the bottom of the seedling tray. Spray with a 1000-fold dilution of Trichoderma harzianum once a week. After the seeds have grown 3 true leaves, use a 12% balanced liquid fertilizer.

[0042] Comparative Example 1

[0043] Example 1 of Chinese Patent Publication No. CN108668556A was selected as Comparative Example 1.

[0044] Comparative Example 2

[0045] Example 1 of Chinese Patent Publication No. CN110431954A was selected as Comparative Example 2.

[0046] Germination ability test:

[0047] Mature Iris tectorum seeds were collected and divided into 5 groups of 200 seeds each, with 4 replicates of 50 seeds per replicate. The seeds from the first four groups were cultured according to the methods of Example 1, Example 2, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2, respectively. The last group served as a control group and was directly sown in a culture substrate with a peat moss and vermiculite mass ratio of 1:1 without any treatment. All five groups of Iris tectorum seeds were placed in a light incubator at a temperature of 25°C, a light cycle of 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness, and an air humidity of 70%.

[0048] From the date of sowing, the number of germinations for each replicate was observed and recorded daily at regular intervals. Germination was defined as the radicle breaking through the seed coat by ≥2mm. For Comparative Example 1, observations were made directly in the culture box. Observations and records were kept for 21 days. Germination potential was calculated on the 7th day, and the final germination rate was calculated on the 21st day.

[0049] Germination potential = (Number of germinated seeds on day 7 / 50) × 100%

[0050] Germination rate = (Total number of germinated seeds on day 21 / 50) × 100%

[0051] Germination index = Σ(Gt / Dt) (Gt: number of germinated plants on day t; Dt: corresponding number of germination days)

[0052] Mean Germination Time (MTG) = Σ(D×n) / N (D: number of germination days; n: number of germinated seeds in the corresponding number of days; N: total number of germinated seeds)

[0053] Table 1. Germination ability test results

[0054] Grouping Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Blank group Germination potential 68% 72% 45% 28% 5% Germination rate 94% 96% 75% 58% 20% Germination Index 65.8 70.5 40.2 25.1 4.5 MTG 9.5 9.0 14.0 16.5 ＞22

[0055] Analysis of Table 1 shows that Examples 1 and 2 achieved a germination potential of nearly 70% by day 7, indicating that the germination speed was fast and uniform. At the same time, the final germination rate exceeded 94%, which was significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2.

[0056] Seedling vigor test:

[0057] On the 14th day after the germination test (i.e. the 35th day after sowing), most of the surviving seedlings have grown 2-3 true leaves. From each replicate, 10 healthy, malformed, and uniformly growing seedlings are randomly and carefully selected from the roots.

[0058] Gently wash away the substrate attached to the seedling roots, blot dry the seedling surface with filter paper, weigh the total weight of every 10 seedlings using an analytical balance, and calculate the average fresh weight per seedling; measure the length from the cotyledon node to the growing point using a ruler to obtain the seedling height of each seedling; measure the length from the root-stem junction to the root tip using a ruler to obtain the root length of each seedling; record the fresh weight, seedling height, and root length data of 10 seedlings in each replicate;

[0059] Vigor index = Germination index × Average fresh weight of seedlings

[0060] Table 2. Seedling vigor test results

[0061] Grouping Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Blank group Fresh weight 125mg / plant 130mg / plant 90mg / plant 85mg / plant 55mg / plant Miao Gao 7.5cm 7.8cm 5.5cm 5.2cm 3.8cm Root length 6.1cm 6.2cm 4.1cm 3.5cm 2.2cm Vitality Index 8225 9165 3618 2125 250

[0062] Analysis of Table 2 shows that the seedlings of Examples 1 and 2 are superior in fresh weight, seedling height, and root length, indicating that their seedlings grow vigorously and have stronger photosynthetic and root absorption capabilities. At the same time, the vitality index of Examples 1 and 2 is more than 2.3 times and 2.5 times that of Comparative Example 1, respectively. This indicates that the schemes of Examples 1 and 2 can not only germinate seeds, but also cultivate high-quality, high-vitality, and robust seedlings, laying an absolute advantage for subsequent transplanting and growth.

[0063] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for improving the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Acid etching and softening: Collect mature fruit spikes from healthy and disease-free Iris plants, place them in a cool and dry place to remove the pods and air dry them. Remove the seed coat and impurities to obtain Iris seeds. Rinse the Iris seeds with distilled water 3-5 times. After rinsing, transfer them to a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution and soak them at room temperature. After soaking, take them out. There is no need to rinse them thoroughly. Just make the surface of the Iris seeds moist and have hydrogen peroxide solution attached to them to obtain pre-activated Iris seeds. S2: Nanoparticle grinding: Add gibberellin to anhydrous ethanol and stir to dissolve for 15 minutes. Then add deionized water and continue stirring and mixing for 30 minutes to obtain gibberellin solution. Take 1 kg of nano-diatomaceous earth and place it in a beaker. Then use a sprayer to spray the gibberellin solution evenly onto the nano-diatomaceous earth. While spraying the gibberellin solution, use a glass rod to stir quickly to spray the nano-diatomaceous earth into moist but non-clumping loose granular nano-diatomaceous earth. Add the pre-activated Iris tectorum seeds and loose granular nano-diatomaceous earth into a triangular flask with a sealed cap. Then tighten the cap and place the triangular flask on a shaker. Set the shaker to a shaking frequency of 300 rpm and shake for 15-20 minutes to obtain synchronously rubbed Iris tectorum seeds. S3: Ultrasonic perforation: Place the synchronously rubbed Iris seeds in deionized water and wash them 3-5 times. After washing, transfer them to a beaker containing warm water at 40-45℃, ensuring that the liquid completely submerges the seeds. Then transfer the beaker to a probe-type ultrasonic instrument, set the ultrasonic frequency to 40-60kHz, and ultrasonically treat for 10-15 minutes. During the ultrasonic treatment, strictly control the temperature of the warm water in the beaker to be maintained at 40-45℃. After ultrasonic treatment, primary Iris seeds are obtained. S4: Enzymatic hydrolysis: Adjust the pH of sterile pure water to 4.6-5.0 using 0.1M dilute hydrochloric acid solution and 1% citric acid solution. Then add pectinase and cellulase to the pH-adjusted sterile pure water and stir to dissolve to obtain the enzyme preparation. Transfer the enzyme preparation to a water bath and preheat the water bath to 35-40℃ for 10 minutes. After preheating, add the primary Iris tectorum seeds to the preheated enzyme preparation. After adding, seal the water bath and keep the water bath temperature constant for 6-10 hours. During the constant temperature incubation, use a slow shaker to continuously shake at a frequency of 50 rpm. S5: Promoting Germination in a Warm Bed: Select a seedling tray with drainage holes at the bottom. Lay a bottom layer of composite seedling substrate, then fill in the middle layer of composite seedling substrate on top. After filling, gently compact and smooth the substrate, leaving 2-3 cm between the middle layer and the top of the tray. Clean the primary Iris seeds (after constant temperature incubation) and sow them evenly on the surface of the middle layer. After sowing, evenly cover the seeds with the top layer of composite seedling substrate. Then, use a fine-nozzle sprayer with the lowest spray nozzles. Thoroughly water the seedling substrate with a high flow rate until water seeps out from the bottom of the seedling pot. During seed germination, keep the seedling pot in a bright, diffused light environment with a room temperature of 20-25℃ and an air humidity of 70%. When the surface of the composite seedling substrate becomes lighter in color and slightly dry, thoroughly water the composite seedling substrate with a fine-nozzle sprayer at the lowest flow rate until water seeps out from the bottom of the seedling pot. Spray with a 1000-fold dilution of Trichoderma harzianum once a week. After the seeds have grown 3 true leaves, use a 12% balanced liquid fertilizer.

2. The method for improving the germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of gibberellin, anhydrous ethanol and deionized water in step S2 is 0.1:9.9:

990.

3. The method for improving the germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the pre-activated Iris seeds and loose granular nano-diatomaceous earth mentioned in step S2 is 1:

4.

4. The method for improving the germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of pectinase, cellulase and pH-adjusted sterile pure water in step S4 is 0.5:0.5:

99.

5. The method for improving the germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom layer of the composite seedling substrate mentioned in step S5 is 6-8mm zeolite, and the thickness is 2-3cm.

6. The method for improving the germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate layer of the composite seedling substrate described in step S5 consists of the following components by weight percentage: 49% coconut coir, 49% vermiculite, 1% water-retaining agent, 0.5% arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and 0.5% Bacillus.

7. The method for improving the germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper layer of the composite seedling substrate mentioned in step S5 is 2-4mm vermiculite, and the thickness is 0.5-1cm.