Vegetable planting drip irrigation device and drip irrigation method

Abstract

The application discloses a vegetable planting drip irrigation device and a drip irrigation method, and relates to the technical field of drip irrigation devices.The main technical scheme is as follows: a construction module is used to construct a soil humidity loss rate prediction model; a collection module is used to collect soil humidity collection values, environmental data collection values and a current time; an input module is used to input the environmental data collection values into the soil loss rate prediction model to obtain soil humidity loss rate prediction values; a first calculation module is used to calculate a loss duration according to the soil humidity loss rate prediction values, the soil humidity collection values and a lower limit value of a soil humidity threshold; a second calculation module is used to calculate a water replenishment time according to the current time and the loss duration; and a control module is used to adjust a water supply rate according to the soil humidity loss rate prediction values at the water replenishment time.The application can reduce the negative influence of short-term drought stress on photosynthesis and growth, and can guarantee the continuity of growth.Meanwhile, the application can improve the water resource utilization efficiency, and can reduce the risk of root zone oxygen deficiency or nutrient loss caused by excessive irrigation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drip irrigation technology, specifically to a drip irrigation device and method for vegetable cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Greenhouse vegetable cultivation is a scientific planting technique that uses artificial facilities to regulate environmental factors such as temperature and humidity in order to optimize the growth cycle of plants and improve planting efficiency.

[0003] Existing intelligent irrigation systems for greenhouse vegetable cultivation utilize soil moisture sensors to collect soil moisture data and automatically control the system by setting upper and lower soil moisture thresholds, initiating irrigation when the soil moisture level falls below the lower threshold and stopping irrigation when the upper threshold is reached. However, this method suffers from significant lag: irrigation decisions are based solely on the current soil moisture state, lacking the ability to predict trends in soil moisture changes; furthermore, most systems employ fixed irrigation rates, failing to fully consider the dynamic impact of external environmental factors (such as temperature, light, air humidity, and wind speed) on transpiration and soil moisture evaporation rates. This results in inaccurate irrigation timing and mismatched irrigation amounts, easily leading to water deficits or waterlogging in the root zone, thus affecting the healthy growth of plants.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a drip irrigation device that can combine environmental data, predict soil moisture change trends, and make intelligent decisions on water replenishment time and adjust water supply rate accordingly, so as to achieve efficient, precise, and intelligent agricultural irrigation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drip irrigation device and method for vegetable cultivation, which can combine environmental data, predict soil moisture change trends, and make intelligent decisions on water replenishment time and adjust water supply rate accordingly, so as to achieve efficient, precise and intelligent agricultural irrigation.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, a drip irrigation device for vegetable cultivation is provided. The device, used in a greenhouse, includes a construction module, a data acquisition module, an input module, a first calculation module, a second calculation module, and a control module. The construction module is used to construct a soil moisture loss rate prediction model that shows the rate of soil moisture loss as a function of environmental data. The data acquisition module is installed on a planting rack within the greenhouse and is used to collect growth information from planting trays on the planting rack in real time. This growth information includes soil moisture acquisition values, environmental data acquisition values, and the current time. The input module is used to input the environmental data acquisition values ​​into the soil moisture loss rate prediction model to obtain a predicted value for the soil moisture loss rate in the planting trays. The first calculation module is used to calculate the duration of soil moisture loss from the acquired soil moisture value to the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold, based on the predicted soil moisture loss rate, the acquired soil moisture value, and a lower limit of the soil moisture threshold. The second calculation module is used to calculate the water replenishment time based on the current time and the loss duration. The control module is used to adjust the water supply rate of the water replenishment component according to the predicted soil moisture loss rate at the water replenishment time.

[0008] A further proposed solution is as follows: the growth information also includes plant image information; the drip irrigation device further includes an identification module and an extraction module; the identification module is used to identify the type and current growth stage of the plant based on the plant image information; the extraction module is used to extract the corresponding lower limit value of soil moisture threshold based on the type and current growth stage of the plant.

[0009] A further solution is as follows: the drip irrigation device also includes a processing module and a judgment module; the processing module is used to obtain the growth time of the plant entering the next growth stage according to the type of plant and the current growth stage; the judgment module is used to determine whether the lost time is greater than the growth time; if the lost time is less than or equal to the growth time, the control module adjusts the water supply rate of the water supply component according to the predicted value of soil moisture loss rate at the time of water replenishment; if the lost time is greater than the growth time, the acquisition module collects the growth information in the planting tray on the planting rack in real time when the plant enters the next growth stage.

[0010] A further solution is as follows: the water replenishment component includes a guide plate; the guide plate is disposed on the planting rack, the guide plate is located above the planting tray, and a guide groove is formed on the guide plate; the guide groove extends along the length direction of the planting tray, and a drainage hole is formed on the wall of the guide groove; a plurality of drainage holes are provided, the plurality of drainage holes are arranged along the extension direction of the guide groove, and each drainage hole corresponds to a planting area on the planting tray; wherein, the distance between the drainage hole and the bottom of the guide groove gradually decreases along the water flow direction in the guide groove.

[0011] A further improvement is that the length of the drainage hole matches the length of the planting area.

[0012] A further proposed solution is to have two guide plates, which are positioned opposite each other on both sides of the planting tray.

[0013] Secondly, a drip irrigation method for vegetable cultivation is provided, the drip irrigation method being applicable to the drip irrigation device described in the first aspect, the drip irrigation method comprising the following operations:

[0014] Construct a soil moisture loss rate prediction model that varies with environmental data;

[0015] Real-time collection of growth information within the planting trays on the planting rack; wherein, the growth information includes soil moisture collection values, environmental data collection values, and the current time;

[0016] The environmental data collection values ​​are input into the soil loss rate prediction model to obtain the predicted value of the soil moisture loss rate in the planting tray;

[0017] Based on the predicted soil moisture loss rate, the collected soil moisture value, and the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold, the time it takes for soil moisture to decrease from the collected soil moisture value to the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold is calculated.

[0018] Calculate the water replenishment time based on the current time and the duration of water loss;

[0019] At the time of water replenishment, the water supply rate of the water replenishment component is adjusted according to the predicted value of soil moisture loss rate.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] By predicting soil moisture trends and anticipating water shortages, irrigation is initiated when soil moisture reaches its lower threshold. The irrigation rate is dynamically adjusted based on the rate of soil moisture loss caused by current environmental factors. The aim is to ensure plants are consistently within their optimal moisture range, thereby mitigating the negative impact of short-term drought stress on photosynthesis and growth, and guaranteeing continuous growth. Simultaneously, the goal is to achieve dynamic adaptive adjustment of the irrigation rate, thereby improving water resource utilization efficiency and reducing the risk of root zone hypoxia or nutrient loss due to over-irrigation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vegetable drip irrigation device in this embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide plate for a drip irrigation device for vegetable planting in this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a drip irrigation method for vegetable cultivation in this embodiment.

[0026] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0027] 1-Construction module; 2-Collection module; 3-Planting rack; 4-Planting tray; 5-Input module; 6-First calculation module; 7-Second calculation module; 8-Control module; 9-Identification module; 10-Extraction module; 11-Processing module; 12-Judgment module; 13-Guide plate; 14-Guide groove; 15-Drainage hole; 16-Planting area. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Example 1: This example provides a drip irrigation device for vegetable cultivation, which is used in greenhouses, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, the system includes a construction module 1, a data acquisition module 2, an input module 5, a first calculation module 6, a second calculation module 7, and a control module 8. The construction module 1 is used to construct a soil moisture loss rate prediction model that shows the rate of soil moisture loss as it changes with environmental data. The data acquisition module 2 is installed on a planting rack 3 inside the greenhouse and is used to collect growth information in the planting tray 4 on the planting rack 3 in real time. The growth information includes soil moisture acquisition values, environmental data acquisition values, and the current time. The input module 5 is used to input the environmental data acquisition values ​​into the soil moisture loss rate prediction model to obtain the predicted value of the soil moisture loss rate in the planting tray 4. The first calculation module 6 is used to calculate the time it takes for the soil moisture to decrease from the acquired soil moisture value to the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold based on the predicted value of the soil moisture loss rate, the acquired soil moisture value, and the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold. The second calculation module 7 is used to calculate the water replenishment time based on the current time and the loss time. The control module 8 is used to adjust the water supply rate of the water replenishment component according to the predicted value of the soil moisture loss rate at the water replenishment time.

[0030] For example, in the implementation process, a planting rack 3 is set up inside the planting greenhouse, and planting trays 4 are set on the planting rack 3, with the planting trays 4 extending horizontally. Several planting trays 4 are provided, and these planting trays 4 are spaced apart along the direction from the top to the bottom of the planting rack 3. Planting areas 16 for planting are provided on the planting trays 4. Several planting areas 16 are provided, and these planting areas 16 are spaced apart along the length of the planting trays 4.

[0031] The drip irrigation device is suitable for planting greenhouses and includes a construction module 1, a data acquisition module 2, an input module 5, a first calculation module 6, a second calculation module 7, and a control module 8.

[0032] Module 1 collects historical environmental data and corresponding historical soil moisture change rates. The environmental data includes temperature, light intensity, air humidity, and wind speed. Furthermore, Module 1 establishes a soil moisture loss rate prediction model based on machine learning algorithms (such as linear regression, support vector machines, and neural networks) or physical transpiration evaporation models (such as the Penman-Monteith model) to predict the rate of soil moisture loss as environmental data changes.

[0033] The acquisition module 2 is used to collect growth information. This growth information includes soil moisture data, environmental data, and the current time. For example, the acquisition module 2 may include a soil moisture sensor, a temperature sensor, a light intensity sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed detector, and a timer. The soil moisture sensor is deployed within the soil of the planting area 16 on the planting tray 4, and it collects the soil moisture in the planting area 16 in real time, recording the collected soil moisture as the soil moisture value. The temperature sensor, light intensity sensor, humidity sensor, and wind speed detector are installed on the planting tray 4 using screws, clips, or other methods. These sensors collect corresponding environmental data such as air temperature, light intensity, relative humidity, and wind speed in real time, and mark the collected environmental data as the current environmental data value. The timer records the time when the soil moisture sensor, temperature sensor, light intensity sensor, humidity sensor, and wind speed detector collect data, and records the recorded time as the current time.

[0034] Input module 5 is connected to both acquisition module 2 and construction module 1 via signal and electrical connections. This input module 5 is used to input the current environmental data collected by acquisition module 2 into the soil moisture loss rate prediction model constructed by construction module 1 to obtain the predicted soil moisture loss rate under the current environmental data. Since soil moisture is consumed by plants and evaporated, the predicted soil moisture loss rate is greater than 0.

[0035] The first calculation module 6 calculates the time required for the soil moisture in the planting area 16 to decrease from the current soil moisture collection value to the preset lower limit of the soil moisture threshold, and records the calculated time as the loss duration.

[0036] The second calculation module 7 calculates the time when water replenishment needs to begin in the future, based on the current time and the calculated duration of the loss.

[0037] Control module 8 automatically activates the water replenishment component when the water replenishment time arrives, and dynamically adjusts the water supply rate based on the currently predicted soil moisture loss rate. The formula for calculating the water supply rate can be expressed as: ,in, Where k is the water supply rate, and k is the gain coefficient. This represents the rate of soil moisture loss.

[0038] The drip irrigation device in this embodiment predicts soil moisture changes and anticipates water shortage points in advance. Irrigation is initiated when the soil moisture threshold is reached, and the water replenishment rate is dynamically adjusted based on the rate of soil moisture loss caused by the current environment. This aims to ensure that plants are always within the optimal moisture range, thereby reducing the negative impact of short-term drought stress on photosynthesis and growth, and ensuring continuous growth. Simultaneously, it aims to achieve dynamic adaptive adjustment of the irrigation rate, thereby improving water resource utilization efficiency and reducing the risk of root zone hypoxia or nutrient loss due to over-irrigation.

[0039] Example 2: Based on Example 1 above, in this example, the growth information further includes plant image information; such as... Figure 1 As shown, the drip irrigation device also includes an identification module 9 and an extraction module 10; the identification module 9 is used to identify the type and current growth stage of the plant based on the plant image information; the extraction module 10 is used to extract the corresponding lower limit value of the soil moisture threshold based on the type and current growth stage of the plant.

[0040] For example, during implementation, the aforementioned growth information also includes plant image information. For instance, the acquisition module 2 further includes a high-definition camera or multispectral imaging device. The high-definition camera or multispectral imaging device is mounted on the planting rack 3 via screw fixing, snap-fit, or other methods, and is used to acquire real-time plant image information of the plants on the planting tray 4.

[0041] The aforementioned drip irrigation device also includes an identification module 9 and an extraction module 10. The identification module 9 is connected to the acquisition module 2 via signal or electrical connections. This identification module 9 is used to acquire plant image information and identify the type and current growth stage of the plants in the planting tray 4 based on this image information. For example, the identification module 9 uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) or Vision Transformer model to train a classifier to identify the type of plants on the planting tray 4, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, lettuce, spinach, and peppers. It also determines the current growth stage (seedling stage, pre-flowering stage, flowering and fruiting stage, and mature harvesting stage) of the plants based on their morphological characteristics (plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, canopy density, flowering / fruiting status, etc.).

[0042] The extraction module 10 is connected to the identification module 9 via signal connection, electrical connection, or other means. The extraction module 10 has a built-in knowledge base of water requirements for different plant types at different growth stages. Based on the plant type and current growth stage identified by the identification module 9, the extraction module 10 queries and extracts the corresponding optimal soil moisture threshold to obtain the corresponding lower limit value of the soil moisture threshold.

[0043] The drip irrigation device in this embodiment dynamically adjusts the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold according to the type and growth stage of the plant. This aims to achieve differentiated water management based on plant species and growth stage, thereby making irrigation more aligned with the physiological needs of the plants and ensuring their healthy development.

[0044] Example 3: Based on Example 2 above, in this example, as follows... Figure 1 As shown, the drip irrigation device also includes a processing module 11 and a judgment module 12; the processing module 11 is used to obtain the growth time of the plant entering the next growth stage according to the type of plant and the current growth stage; the judgment module 12 is used to determine whether the lost time is greater than the growth time; if the lost time is less than or equal to the growth time, the control module 8 adjusts the water supply rate of the water supply component according to the predicted value of soil moisture loss rate at the time of water replenishment; if the lost time is greater than the growth time, the acquisition module 2 collects the growth information in the planting tray 4 on the planting rack 3 in real time when the plant enters the next growth stage.

[0045] For example, in implementation, the drip irrigation device further includes a processing module 11 and a judgment module 12. The processing module 11 is connected to the identification module 9 via signal connection, electrical connection, or other means. The processing module 11 is used to obtain the plant type and current growth stage identified by the identification module 9, and based on the plant type and current growth stage, obtain the time required for the plant to enter the next growth stage from the current growth stage from agricultural biological research data, historical planting record statistics, and other data, and record the obtained time as the growth duration.

[0046] The judgment module 12 is connected to the first calculation module 6, processing module 11, and control module 8 via signal and electrical connections. The judgment module 12 determines whether the loss time is greater than the growth time. If the loss time is greater than the growth time, it indicates that the soil moisture in the planting area 16 has decreased from the current soil moisture collection value to the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold corresponding to the current growth stage, meaning the plant has entered the next growth stage. This makes the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold corresponding to the current growth stage unsuitable for the next growth stage. In this case, the collection module 2 collects the growth information in the planting tray 4 on the planting rack 3 in real time when the plant enters the next growth stage. If the loss time is less than or equal to the growth time, it indicates that the soil moisture in the planting area 16 could decrease from the current soil moisture collection value to the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold corresponding to the current growth stage before the plant enters the next growth stage. In this case, the control module 8 adjusts the water supply rate of the water replenishment component according to the predicted soil moisture loss rate at the time of water replenishment. The aim is to reduce the risk of adjusting water supply based on the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold corresponding to the original growth stage when the plant is about to enter a new growth stage, thereby ensuring that the water supply adjustment parameters can adapt to the physiological needs of the plant as it enters a new growth stage.

[0047] Example 4: Based on Example 3 above, in this example, as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 Combination Figure 3 As shown, the water replenishment component includes a guide plate 13; the guide plate 13 is disposed on the planting rack 3, the guide plate 13 is located above the planting tray 4, and a guide groove 14 is provided on the guide plate 13; the guide groove 14 extends along the length direction of the planting tray 4, and a drainage hole 15 is provided on the groove wall of the guide groove 14; a plurality of drainage holes 15 are provided, and the plurality of drainage holes 15 are arranged along the extension direction of the guide groove 14, and each drainage hole 15 corresponds to the planting area 16 on the planting tray 4; wherein, the distance between the drainage hole 15 and the bottom of the guide groove 14 gradually decreases along the water flow direction in the guide groove 14.

[0048] For example, in implementation, the above-mentioned water replenishment component includes a water pump, a water storage tank, and a guide plate 13. The guide plate 13 is connected to the planting rack 3 by welding, screwing, or other methods, and is located above the planting tray 4. A guide channel 14 is formed on the guide plate 13, which extends along the length of the planting tray 4, and one end of the guide channel 14 is connected to the water pump. This allows the water pumped into the guide channel 14 to flow from one end of the guide channel 14 to the other end. A number of drainage holes 15 are formed on the wall of the guide channel 14, and these drainage holes 15 are evenly distributed along the extension direction of the guide channel 14, with each drainage hole 15 corresponding to a planting area 16 on the planting tray 4. This allows water in the guide channel 14 to be guided into the planting area 16 corresponding to the drainage hole 15. In other words, one drainage hole 15 is responsible for the water supply of one planting area 16.

[0049] The distance between the drainage hole 15 and the bottom of the guide channel 14 gradually decreases along the water flow direction within the guide channel 14. In other words, the distance between the drainage hole 15 and the bottom of the guide channel 14 gradually decreases from one end of the guide channel 14 (the end closer to the water pump) to the other end (the end farther from the water pump). This allows the water pumped into the guide channel 14 to be gradually diverted by the drainage holes 15 to the corresponding planting areas 16 as it flows from one end of the guide channel 14 to the other (in the direction of water flow). This aims to reduce the risk of uneven flow and ensure that each planting area 16 on the same planting tray 4 receives approximately the same amount of water, thereby reducing the risk of localized drought or waterlogging.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned guide plate 13 is configured to gradually approach the inclined structure of the planting tray 4 from one end of the guide plate 13 to the other end. This is intended to facilitate the flow of water pumped into the guide channel 14 from one end of the guide channel 14 to the other end.

[0051] Example 5: Based on Example 4 above, in this example, as... Figure 3 As shown, the length of the drainage hole 15 matches the length of the planting area 16.

[0052] For example, in implementation, the aforementioned drainage hole 15 is an elongated strip extending from one end of the guide channel 14 to the other end. The length of the drainage hole 15 is equal to the length of the planting area 16. This ensures that the water flowing from the drainage hole 15 precisely covers the planting area 16. This aims to reduce the risk of insufficient soil moisture at the edges of the planting area 16 due to insufficient water coverage from the drainage hole 15, and to reduce the risk of water waste due to excessive water coverage from the drainage hole 15, thereby ensuring irrigation effectiveness.

[0053] Example 6: Based on Example 4 or Example 5 above, in this example, as follows... Figure 1 As shown, there are two guide plates 13, and the two guide plates 13 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the planting tray 4.

[0054] For example, in the implementation process, the number of the above-mentioned guide plates 13 is set to two, and the two guide plates 13 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the planting tray 4.

[0055] During operation, the water pump supplies water to two guide plates 13. Water flowing from the drainage holes 15 on the two guide plates 13 simultaneously falls from both sides of the planting tray 4 into the planting area 16, forming two symmetrical moistening zones. These zones extend towards the center of the planting area 16 and converge at the centerline of the planting area 16, forming a complete and uniform moistening layer. This aims to shorten the lateral diffusion distance, accelerate the advance of the moistening front, thereby shortening the irrigation cycle and improving the system's responsiveness.

[0056] Example 7: This example provides a drip irrigation method for vegetable cultivation. The drip irrigation method is applicable to the drip irrigation devices described in any of Examples 1-6, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the drip irrigation method includes the following operations:

[0057] S100. Construct a soil moisture loss rate prediction model that varies with environmental data;

[0058] For example, during implementation, historical environmental data and corresponding historical soil moisture change rates are collected. The environmental data includes temperature, light intensity, air humidity, wind speed, etc. The module is built based on machine learning algorithms (such as linear regression, support vector machines, neural networks, etc.) or physical transpiration evaporation models (such as the Penman-Monteith model) to establish a soil moisture loss rate prediction model that predicts how the soil moisture loss rate changes with environmental data.

[0059] S200. Real-time acquisition of growth information within the planting trays on the planting rack; wherein, the growth information includes soil moisture acquisition values, environmental data acquisition values, and the current time;

[0060] S300. Input the environmental data collection values ​​into the soil loss rate prediction model to obtain the predicted value of the soil moisture loss rate in the planting tray;

[0061] S400. Based on the predicted soil moisture loss rate, the collected soil moisture value, and the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold, calculate the time it takes for soil moisture to decrease from the collected soil moisture value to the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold.

[0062] For example, during implementation, the difference between the collected soil moisture value and the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold is first calculated, and the difference is divided by the predicted soil moisture loss rate to obtain the loss duration.

[0063] S500. Calculate the water replenishment time based on the current time and the duration of water loss;

[0064] S600. At the time of water replenishment, the water supply rate of the water replenishment component is adjusted according to the predicted value of the soil moisture loss rate.

[0065] For example, during implementation, when the water replenishment time arrives, the water replenishment component is automatically activated, and the water supply rate is dynamically adjusted based on the currently predicted soil moisture loss rate. The formula for calculating the water supply rate can be expressed as: ,in, Where k is the water supply rate, and k is the gain coefficient. This represents the rate of soil moisture loss.

[0066] The drip irrigation method in this embodiment predicts soil moisture changes and anticipates water shortage points in advance. Irrigation is initiated when the soil moisture threshold is reached, and the water replenishment rate is dynamically adjusted based on the rate of soil moisture loss caused by the current environment. The aim is to ensure that plants are always within the optimal moisture range, thereby reducing the negative impact of short-term drought stress on photosynthesis and growth, and ensuring continuous growth. Simultaneously, it aims to achieve dynamic adaptive adjustment of the irrigation rate, thereby improving water resource utilization efficiency and reducing the risk of root zone hypoxia or nutrient loss due to over-irrigation.

[0067] Although the invention has been described herein with reference to several illustrative embodiments, it should be understood that many other modifications and implementations can be devised by those skilled in the art, which will fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed herein. More specifically, various variations and modifications can be made to the components and / or layout of the subject matter arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, drawings, and claims. Besides variations and modifications to the components and / or layout, other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A drip irrigation device for vegetable cultivation, characterized in that, Drip irrigation systems are used in greenhouses and include: The building module is used to construct a predictive model of soil moisture loss rate as environmental data changes. The data acquisition module is installed on the planting rack inside the greenhouse and is used to collect real-time growth information from the planting trays on the planting rack. The growth information includes soil moisture data, environmental data, current time, and plant image information. The input module is used to input environmental data collection values ​​into the soil loss rate prediction model to obtain the predicted value of soil moisture loss rate in the planting tray; The first calculation module is used to calculate the time it takes for soil moisture to decrease from the soil moisture collection value to the soil moisture threshold lower limit value based on the predicted soil moisture loss rate value, the soil moisture collection value, and the soil moisture threshold lower limit value. The second calculation module is used to calculate the water replenishment time based on the current time and the duration of water loss. The control module is used to adjust the water supply rate of the water replenishment component according to the predicted value of the soil moisture loss rate at the time of water replenishment. The water supply component includes a guide plate; the guide plate is set on the planting rack, located above the planting tray, and has a guide groove; the guide groove extends along the length of the planting tray, and has drainage holes on its wall; there are several drainage holes arranged along the extension direction of the guide groove, and each drainage hole corresponds to a planting area on the planting tray; the distance between the drainage hole and the bottom of the guide groove gradually decreases along the water flow direction in the guide groove; The drip irrigation device also includes an identification module, a processing module, and a judgment module. The identification module is used to identify the type and current growth stage of the plant based on the plant image information. The processing module is used to obtain the growth time of the plant entering the next growth stage based on the plant type and current growth stage. The judgment module is used to determine whether the lost time is greater than the growth time. If the lost time is less than or equal to the growth time, the control module adjusts the water supply rate of the water supply component according to the predicted value of soil moisture loss rate at the time of water replenishment. If the lost time is greater than the growth time, the acquisition module collects the growth information in the planting tray on the planting rack in real time when the plant enters the next growth stage.

2. The drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drip irrigation device also includes an extraction module; The extraction module is used to extract the corresponding lower limit value of soil moisture threshold according to the type of plant and its current growth stage.

3. The drip irrigation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the drainage hole matches the length of the planting area.

4. The drip irrigation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of guide plates is two, and the two guide plates are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the planting tray.

5. A drip irrigation method for vegetable cultivation, characterized in that, The drip irrigation method is applicable to the drip irrigation device as described in any one of claims 1-4, and the drip irrigation method includes the following operations: Construct a soil moisture loss rate prediction model that varies with environmental data; Real-time collection of growth information within the planting trays on the planting rack; wherein, the growth information includes soil moisture collection values, environmental data collection values, and the current time; The environmental data collection values ​​are input into the soil loss rate prediction model to obtain the predicted value of the soil moisture loss rate in the planting tray; Based on the predicted soil moisture loss rate, the collected soil moisture value, and the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold, the time it takes for soil moisture to decrease from the collected soil moisture value to the lower limit of the soil moisture threshold is calculated. Calculate the water replenishment time based on the current time and the duration of water loss; At the time of water replenishment, the water supply rate of the water replenishment component is adjusted according to the predicted value of soil moisture loss rate.

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