Neodymium-iron-boron surface treatment device and method for surface penetration of neodymium-iron-boron

Abstract

The present application relates to neodymium iron boron surface treatment technical field, especially in kind of neodymium iron boron surface infiltration drop with neodymium iron boron surface treatment device and method thereof.It includes organic frame, rodless cylinder, double-sided polishing mechanism and support frame, the top of frame is equipped with rodless cylinder, and the double-sided polishing mechanism is installed on the rodless cylinder, the double-sided polishing mechanism includes two polishing units oppositely arranged, for synchronous polishing treatment to the two sides of neodymium iron boron magnet steel, the top of frame is equipped with support frame, and it also includes rotary positioning tool and driving mechanism, the rotary positioning tool is symmetrically installed on the support frame, and the two polishing units are located at the two sides of rotary positioning tool respectively.The present application sets up double-sided polishing mechanism on the moving slider of rodless cylinder, and the two polishing units are oppositely arranged, so that the two sides of neodymium iron boron magnet steel can be simultaneously ground in one feeding, the turning process is completely saved, the processing cycle is greatly shortened, and the height consistency of double-sided processing is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of neodymium iron boron surface treatment, and particularly relates to a neodymium iron boron surface treatment device for surface infiltration of neodymium iron boron and a method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is widely used in new energy vehicle drive motor, wind turbine, consumer electronics and industrial automation due to its excellent magnetic energy product and coercive force. However, its magnetic performance decays seriously at high temperature, which is mainly caused by the high temperature coefficient of coercive force, resulting in a significant reduction of actual coercive force at high temperature. In order to improve its high temperature stability, the industry generally adopts grain boundary diffusion process to introduce heavy rare earth elements (such as dysprosium Dy and terbium Tb) on the surface of the magnet, so as to significantly improve the coercive force by selective diffusion along the grain boundary without significantly reducing the remanence. The process has very high requirements for the surface quality of the magnet, which must ensure that the surface is clean, free of oxide layer, free of burrs and has uniform and controllable roughness, so as to ensure the effective adsorption and uniform penetration of heavy rare earth elements. Therefore, surface polishing as a key pretreatment process before infiltration directly affects the subsequent diffusion effect and the final magnet performance.

[0003] At present, the surface treatment of neodymium iron boron magnet steel mostly adopts sand belt polishing or sand wheel polishing equipment. However, the existing equipment generally has low efficiency, low automation level and poor processing uniformity. For example, a neodymium iron boron surface treatment device for surface infiltration of neodymium iron boron disclosed in the patent with the authorization announcement number CN113843693B, although it realizes polishing of the surface of neodymium iron boron magnet steel, still has significant defects: first, it only sets a single polishing station, and the polishing head is fixed on the upper side, so it can only process one side of the neodymium iron boron magnet steel; when the other side needs to be polished, the neodymium iron boron magnet steel must be turned over, which not only increases the operation steps and prolongs the processing cycle, but also causes the positioning accuracy to decrease due to repeated clamping, affecting the consistency of the surface treatment of both sides; second, the device lacks multi-station alternating operation design, so the equipment must be stopped and waited during the unloading and loading process, causing the production rhythm to be interrupted, the equipment utilization rate to be low, and it being difficult to meet the actual needs of continuous and large-batch production; in addition, the neodymium iron boron magnet steel is usually in a static state during polishing, which causes uneven contact between the sand belt and the surface of the neodymium iron boron magnet steel, and easily causes local over-polishing or insufficient processing, affecting the uniformity of the surface quality.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a neodymium iron boron surface treatment device that is efficient, continuous and uniform, to overcome the above technical bottlenecks and improve the automation level and product consistency of high-end magnet manufacturing. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing neodymium iron boron surface treatment device, such as low efficiency, poor surface treatment uniformity and low equipment utilization caused by manual turning, single-station operation, the application provides a neodymium iron boron surface treatment device and method for realizing double-sided synchronous polishing, supporting multi-station continuous operation, ensuring surface treatment uniformity and high automation.

[0006] Technical scheme: A neodymium iron boron surface treatment device for neodymium iron boron surface infiltration, comprising a rack, a rodless cylinder, a double-sided polishing mechanism and a support frame, the top of the rack is provided with the rodless cylinder, the double-sided polishing mechanism is installed on the rodless cylinder, the double-sided polishing mechanism comprises two polishing units arranged oppositely, which are used for synchronous polishing of the two sides of the neodymium iron boron magnet, the top of the rack is provided with the support frame, and the double-sided polishing mechanism further comprises a rotary positioning tool and a driving mechanism, the rotary positioning tool is symmetrically installed on the support frame, the two polishing units are located on the two sides of the rotary positioning tool, the rotary positioning tool is used for carrying the neodymium iron boron magnet to be treated, the rodless cylinder drives the double-sided polishing mechanism to move, and the neodymium iron boron magnets on the two rotary positioning tools are sequentially polished on two sides, the rodless cylinder is provided with the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the rotary positioning tool, the driving mechanism drives the rotary positioning tool to rotate, and the rotary positioning tool drives the internal neodymium iron boron magnet to realize the compound motion of rotation and revolution.

[0007] Further, the double-sided polishing mechanism further comprises a guide rail frame, an adjusting screw rod and a moving frame, the guide rail frame is connected to the moving slider of the rodless cylinder, the adjusting screw rod is rotatably installed at the middle part of the guide rail frame, the two sides of the adjusting screw rod are provided with thread segments with opposite rotation directions, the moving frame is slidably connected to the two sides of the guide rail frame, the two polishing units are installed on the two moving frames, and the two moving frames are in threaded connection with the adjusting screw rod.

[0008] Further, the polishing unit comprises a roller shaft, a polishing motor and a sand belt, the two sides of the moving frame are rotatably provided with roller shafts, the polishing motor is installed on the moving frame and connected with one of the roller shafts, and the outer sides of the two roller shafts are sleeved with the sand belt.

[0009] Further, the rotary positioning tool comprises a ring-shaped shell, a rotating shaft, a planetary gear set, a mold and a hand wheel, the ring-shaped shell is connected to the support frame, the rotating shaft is rotatably installed at the center of the ring-shaped shell, the planetary gear set is arranged between the rotating shaft and the ring-shaped shell, each planetary gear of the planetary gear set is connected with the mold, the mold is provided with a rectangular placement cavity for accommodating and positioning the neodymium iron boron magnet, and the rotating shaft is connected with the hand wheel at one end.

[0010] Further, the driving mechanism comprises the contact wheel, the mounting frame and the driving wheels, the contact wheel is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, the mounting frame is connected to the moving block of the rodless cylinder, and at least two driving wheels are mounted on the mounting frame; when the mounting frame is driven by the moving block of the rodless cylinder to move to the working position, the driving wheels are in contact with the corresponding contact wheels.

[0011] Further, the limiting mechanism comprises the guide frame, the sliding plate, the bidirectional screw rod, the rotating frame, the arc-shaped limiting plate and the adjusting assembly, the guide frames are symmetrically mounted on the rack, the sliding plates are arranged on the two sides of each guide frame, the bidirectional screw rod is mounted in the middle of the guide frame and is in threaded connection with the sliding plates, the rotating frame is rotatably mounted on the rear sliding plate, the arc-shaped limiting plates are connected to the front sliding plate and the rear sliding plate, one end of each arc-shaped limiting plate is provided with a guide inclined surface, so that the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel can be automatically centered and positioned during rotation, and the adjusting assembly is arranged on the upper portion of the rear sliding plate and is used for adjusting the rotation angle of the rear arc-shaped limiting plate.

[0012] Further, the adjusting assembly comprises the servo motor, the driving gear and the gear ring, the servo motor is mounted on the rear sliding plate, the driving gear is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor, and the gear ring is mounted on the rotating frame and is in mesh with the driving gear.

[0013] Further, the discharging mechanism comprises the conveying belt, the long cylinder, the guide inclined plate and the air nozzle, the conveying belt is mounted on the top of the rack, the long cylinders are arranged on the two sides of the rack, the guide inclined plate is connected to the piston rod of the long cylinder, and the air nozzle is arranged on the rear arc-shaped limiting plate and faces the discharging direction of the mold in the rotating positioning tool.

[0014] Further, the tensioning mechanism comprises the rotating frame, the cylindrical gear, the tensioning roller, the short cylinder and the connecting plate, the rotating frames are symmetrically mounted on the inner side of the moving frame, the opposite ends of the rotating frames are respectively connected with the cylindrical gears, the cylindrical gears are in mesh with each other, the tensioning rollers are rotatably connected to the outer ends of the rotating frames and are used for contacting and tensioning the abrasive belt, the lower end of one rotating frame extends downward, penetrates through the moving frame and is connected with the connecting plate, the short cylinder is rotatably connected to the lower end of the moving frame, and the piston rod of the short cylinder is connected with the connecting plate in a hinged manner.

[0015] A surface treatment method of a neodymium iron boron surface treatment device for neodymium iron boron surface infiltration and dripping, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: the neodymium iron boron magnetic steel to be treated is axially mounted into the mold of the rotating positioning tool, is axially limited by the arc-shaped limiting plate of the limiting mechanism and is automatically centered and positioned by the guide inclined surface;

[0017] S2: control the rodless cylinder drive double-sided polishing mechanism to move horizontally to the corresponding position of the rotary positioning tool of the current work station, so that the two polishing units are located at the front and rear sides of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel respectively;

[0018] S3: start the driving mechanism, drive the rotation shaft to rotate through the friction transmission of the driving wheel and the contact wheel, and then drive the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel in the mold to rotate while revolving through the planetary gear set, so as to realize the compound motion;

[0019] S4: start the polishing motor synchronously, drive the sand belt to run at high speed, and synchronously and continuously grind the two side surfaces of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel in the compound motion state, so as to ensure that the surface is uniformly deoxidized, deburred and formed with uniform controllable roughness;

[0020] S5: after polishing, control the rodless cylinder to drive the double-sided polishing mechanism to move to the corresponding position of the other rotary positioning tool, and repeat steps S3-S4 to perform the polishing operation of the next work station;

[0021] S6: during the polishing process at the current work station, perform the unloading and loading operation on the other work station which has completed polishing: start the servo motor to adjust the angle of the rear arc-shaped limiting plate, rotate the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel which has completed polishing to the discharging position together with the mold, open the air nozzle to blow high-pressure airflow to blow it out along the axial direction, slide it to the conveying belt through the guide inclined plate to realize automatic unloading, and then load the new workpiece to be processed.

[0022] Beneficial effects: 1: The double-sided polishing mechanism is arranged on the moving slider of the rodless cylinder, and the two polishing units are oppositely arranged, so that the two side surfaces of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel can be synchronously ground in one feeding, the turning process is completely omitted, the processing cycle is greatly shortened, the height consistency of double-sided processing is ensured, and an ideal surface basis is provided for subsequent infiltration process.

[0023] 2: The two rotary positioning tools arranged symmetrically left and right are used in cooperation with the rodless cylinder driven double-sided polishing mechanism to move horizontally between the two work stations. When one side work station is polishing, the other side can synchronously load and unload the workpiece. This alternating operation mode of polishing and loading and unloading eliminates the idle waiting time of the traditional single work station equipment, realizes real continuous production, significantly improves the equipment utilization and production rhythm, and meets the large-batch automatic production demand.

[0024] 3: The rotary positioning tool adopts a planetary gear transmission structure driven by the driving mechanism, so that the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel in the mold realizes the compound motion of rotation and revolution during the polishing process. This multi-dimensional motion mode enables the surface of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel to be uniformly contacted with the sand belt polishing surface, effectively avoids local over-grinding or processing blind area, significantly improves the consistency and smoothness of the surface roughness, and ensures that each piece of Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel obtains high-quality and high-uniformity surface treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the double-sided polishing mechanism and the driving mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the rotary positioning fixture of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding unit and tensioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the unloading mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Reference numerals: 1_Frame, 2_Rodless cylinder, 3_Double-sided grinding mechanism, 4_Rotary positioning fixture, 5_Drive mechanism, 6_Limit mechanism, 7_Unloading mechanism, 8_Tensioning mechanism, 9_Support frame, 31_Guide rail frame, 32_Adjusting screw, 33_Moving frame, 34_Grinding unit, 341_Roller, 342_Grinding motor, 343_Sand belt, 41_Annular housing, 42_Rotating shaft, 43_Sun gear, 44_Planetary mounting plate, 45_Planetary gear, 46_External gear ring 47_Mold, 48_Handwheel, 51_Contact wheel, 52_Mounting frame, 53_Drive wheel, 61_Guide frame, 62_Sliding plate, 63_Two-way lead screw, 64_Rotating frame, 65_Arc-shaped limit plate, 66_Adjusting component, 661_Servo motor, 662_Drive gear, 663_Gear ring, 71_Conveyor belt, 72_Long cylinder, 73_Guide slant plate, 74_Air nozzle, 81_Rotating frame, 82_Spiral gear, 83_Tension roller, 84_Short cylinder, 85_Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] Example 1: A neodymium iron boron surface treatment device for dripping onto neodymium iron boron surfaces, such as... Figures 1-7As shown, it comprises a rack 1, a rodless cylinder 2, a double-sided polishing mechanism 3, a support frame 9, a rotary positioning tool 4 and a driving mechanism 5. The rack 1 is a whole bearing structure. The rodless cylinder 2 is horizontally installed at the top rear side of the rack 1. The double-sided polishing mechanism 3 is installed on the moving slider of the rodless cylinder 2. The double-sided polishing mechanism 3 comprises two polishing units 34 arranged oppositely, which are used for synchronous polishing of the two sides of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel. The support frame 9 is connected to the middle of the top of the rack 1. The rotary positioning tool 4 is symmetrically installed on the support frame 9. The two polishing units 34 are respectively located at the front and rear sides of the rotary positioning tool 4. Each rotary positioning tool 4 is used for bearing the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel to be processed. The rodless cylinder 2 drives the double-sided polishing mechanism 3 to move, and sequentially performs double-sided polishing on the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steels on the rotary positioning tools 4 on the left and right sides. The driving mechanism 5 is installed on the moving slider of the rodless cylinder 2. When the moving slider of the rodless cylinder 2 moves to the working position, the driving mechanism 5 is in transmission connection with the rotary positioning tool 4. The driving mechanism 5 drives the rotary positioning tool 4 to rotate. In the polishing process, the rotary positioning tool 4 drives the internal Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel to realize the compound motion of rotation and revolution, so as to ensure that the surface of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel uniformly contacts the polishing surface, thereby realizing uniform surface treatment.

[0035] When the device polishes the surface of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel, the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel to be processed is first placed in the rotary positioning tool 4. Then, the rodless cylinder 2 drives the double-sided polishing mechanism 3 to move horizontally along the rack 1, so that it accurately reaches the front and rear positions of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel borne by the rotary positioning tool 4 at the current working position. At this time, the driving mechanism 5 is in transmission connection with the rotary positioning tool 4. After the driving mechanism 5 is started, it drives the rotary positioning tool 4 to rotate as a whole, so that the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel realizes the compound motion of rotation and revolution inside. This motion mode ensures that the surfaces of the two sides of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel uniformly contact the polishing unit 34, so that the double-sided grinding is synchronously completed in one feeding, and the uniformity and smoothness of surface treatment are effectively improved. When the polishing of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel at this working position is completed, the rodless cylinder 2 drives the double-sided polishing mechanism 3 to move to the corresponding position of the rotary positioning tool 4 on the other side, and polishes another group of Nd-Fe-B magnetic steels to be processed. At the same time, the processed Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel can be unloaded from the rotary positioning tool 4 which has exited the polishing area, and a new workpiece to be processed can be loaded. Through the alternating operation of the working positions on the left and right sides, continuous and efficient polishing production is realized.

[0036] As shown in the drawings, Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, the polishing unit 34 includes a roller shaft 341, a polishing motor 342 and a sand belt 343, each of the roller shafts 341 is rotatably installed on the left and right sides of the moving frame 33, the polishing motor 342 is installed on the top of the right side of the moving frame 33, the output shaft of the polishing motor 342 is connected to the lower roller shaft 341 through a shaft coupling, and the sand belt 343 is sleeved on the outer sides of the two roller shafts 341, forming a sand belt 343 transmission polishing structure, realizing continuous grinding of the surface of the neodymium iron boron magnet.

[0037] When the polishing motor 342 is started, it drives the roller shaft 341 connected thereto to rotate, driving the sand belt 343 to continuously operate, forming a stable grinding surface. The neodymium iron boron magnet is in contact with the high-speed running sand belt 343 in the compound motion, realizing efficient and continuous surface grinding treatment, effectively removing the oxide layer and burrs, and improving the surface flatness.

[0038] Example 2: Based on example 1, as shown in Figure 3 The double-sided polishing mechanism 3 further includes a guide rail frame 31, an adjusting screw 32 and a moving frame 33. The guide rail frame 31 is fixed to the top of the moving slider of the rodless cylinder 2 by bolts. The adjusting screw 32 is rotatably installed on the top of the guide rail frame 31 at the middle position through two bearing seats. The two sides are provided with thread segments with opposite rotation directions. The moving frame 33 is slidably connected to the front and rear sides of the guide rail frame 31. Two polishing units 34 are installed on the two moving frames 33 respectively. Each of the moving frames 33 is provided with a nut on the top, and the nut is meshed and connected with the thread segment on the corresponding side of the adjusting screw 32. When the adjusting screw 32 is rotated, the two moving frames 33 can be driven to move synchronously towards or away from each other along the guide rail frame 31, so as to adjust the distance between the two polishing units 34, to adapt to the polishing requirements of neodymium iron boron magnets of different specifications.

[0039] The double-sided polishing mechanism 3 realizes accurate adjustment of the distance between the two polishing units 34 through the adjusting screw 32. When the adjusting screw 32 is manually rotated, the two moving frames 33 slide synchronously towards or away from each other on the guide rail frame 31, thereby driving the polishing units 34 installed thereon to approach or move away from each other. This structure can quickly adapt to neodymium iron boron magnets of different widths and sizes, improving the universality and efficiency of equipment change.

[0040] Example 3: Based on example 2, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the rotary positioning tool 4 comprises a ring-shaped housing 41, a rotating shaft 42, a planetary gear set, a mold 47 and a hand wheel 48, the ring-shaped housing 41 is connected at the top of the support frame 9, the center of the ring-shaped housing 41 is provided with the rotating shaft 42, the rear end of the rotating shaft 42 is rotatably installed on the top of the rack 1 through a bearing seat, the planetary gear set is composed of a sun gear 43, a planet carrier 44, a planet gear 45 and an outer gear ring 46, the ring-shaped housing 41 is rotatably connected with the planet carrier 44 on both sides, eight planet gears 45 are rotatably installed at equidistant intervals between the two planet carriers 44 in the circumferential direction, the sun gear 43 is connected to the rotating shaft 42 and located between the inner sides of the eight planet gears 45, the outer gear ring 46 is installed on the inner side wall of the ring-shaped housing 41, the planet gears 45 are respectively meshed with the sun gear 43 and the outer gear ring 46, the center of each planet gear 45 is connected with the mold 47, the mold 47 is provided with a rectangular placement cavity for accommodating and positioning the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel, the front end of the rotating shaft 42 is exposed and connected with the hand wheel 48, manually rotating the hand wheel 48 can drive the rotating shaft 42 and the sun gear 43 to rotate, and then drive each mold 47 to realize the compound motion of rotation and revolution through the planetary gear set.

[0041] When the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel is polished, the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel is placed in the rectangular placement cavity of each mold 47, when the rotating shaft 42 is rotated by the driving mechanism 5, the sun gear 43 drives the planet gears 45 to rotate around their own axis and revolve along the sun gear 43, so that the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel in the mold 47 realizes multi-dimensional motion in the polishing process, ensuring that the entire surface is uniformly stressed and avoiding local excessive wear or insufficient processing.

[0042] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the driving mechanism 5 comprises a contact wheel 51, a mounting frame 52 and a driving wheel 53, the rear outer side of each rotating shaft 42 is sleeved with a contact wheel 51, which rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 42, the bottom of the moving block of the rodless cylinder 2 is connected with the mounting frame 52, two driving wheels 53 are symmetrically installed on the mounting frame 52, when the moving block drives the mounting frame 52 to move to the working position, the driving wheel 53 is in contact with the corresponding side contact wheel 51, starting the driving wheel 53 can drive the contact wheel 51 to rotate through friction transmission, and then drive the rotating shaft 42 to rotate.

[0043] When the rodless cylinder 2 pushes the double-sided polishing mechanism 3 to the working position, the driving wheel 53 precisely presses the contact wheel 51 on the corresponding side. At this time, the motor of the driving wheel 53 is started, the contact wheel 51 is rotated by friction, and then the rotating shaft 42 and the sun gear 43 are driven to rotate, so that the planet gears 45 rotate around their own axis. The non-rigid connection mode of the driving wheel 53 and the contact wheel 51 allows the double-sided polishing mechanism 3 to move freely in the non-working stroke without interfering with the rotary positioning tool 4, which is simple in structure and stable in operation.

[0044] Example 4: on the basis of example 3, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 , further comprising a limiting mechanism 6, the limiting mechanism 6 comprises a guide frame 61, a sliding plate 62, a bidirectional screw rod 63, a rotating frame 64, an arc-shaped limiting plate 65 and an adjusting assembly 66, the guide frame 61 is symmetrically installed in the middle of the rack 1, the front and rear sides of each guide frame 61 are provided with the sliding plate 62, the two sliding plates 62 slide along the guide frame 61, the bidirectional screw rod 63 is rotatably installed in the middle of the guide frame 61, the bidirectional screw rod 63 penetrates through the two sliding plates 62 and is connected with the threaded holes on the sliding plates 62, rotating the bidirectional screw rod 63 can drive the two sliding plates 62 to move synchronously towards or away from each other on the guide frame 61, so as to adjust the distance therebetween, the rotating frame 64 is rotatably installed on the top of the sliding plate 62 at the rear side, the rotating frame 64 is provided with an avoiding hole through which the rotating shaft 42 passes, so as to ensure the normal rotation of the rotating shaft 42 without interference, the arc-shaped limiting plate 65 is connected with the sliding plate 62 at the front side and the rotating frame 64, the two arc-shaped limiting plates 65 are respectively located at the front and rear sides of the annular housing 41, one end of each arc-shaped limiting plate 65 is provided with a guide inclined surface, so as to facilitate the automatic centering and positioning of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel during rotation, the arc-shaped limiting plate 65 is used to prevent the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel from being axially separated from the rectangular placement cavity of the mold 47 due to centrifugal force or vibration during the rotation of the rotating positioning tool 4, so as to ensure the safety and stability of the machining process, the adjusting assembly 66 is further provided on the upper part of the sliding plate 62 at the rear side, which is used to adjust the rotation angle of the arc-shaped limiting plate 65 at the rear side.

[0045] The limiting mechanism 6 is used to prevent the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel from being axially separated from the mold 47 due to centrifugal force or vibration during high-speed rotation and polishing, the bidirectional screw rod 63 can be rotated according to the thickness of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel, the distance between the front and rear sliding plates 62 can be synchronously adjusted, the distance between the front and rear arc-shaped limiting plates 65 is equal to or slightly greater than the thickness of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel, so as to form axial limiting of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel, when it is needed to place the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel into the mold 47, the servo motor 661 is started to drive the gear 662 to rotate the gear ring 663, so as to control the rotating frame 64 to rotate around the central shaft thereof and drive the arc-shaped limiting plate 65 at the rear side to rotate and block the upper mold 47, when the operator pushes the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel into the rectangular placement cavity of the mold 47 along the axial direction, the arc-shaped limiting plate 65 at the rear side blocks the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel, so as to avoid the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel from falling out from the rear side when being placed, after the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel is placed in the upper mold 47, the hand wheel 48 is manually rotated to drive the planetary gear 45 and the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel in the mold 47 to rotate and switch positions, the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel is centered and positioned by the guide inclined surface on the arc-shaped limiting plate 65 during rotation, after the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel in all stations is sequentially fed, the hand wheel 48 is stopped and the servo motor 661 is started to reverse and drive the arc-shaped limiting plate 65 at the rear side to reset, so that the equipment enters the polishing preparation state.

[0046] As Figure 5 shown, the adjusting assembly 66 includes a servo motor 661, a drive gear 662 and a gear ring 663, the servo motor 661 is installed on the rear sliding plate 62, the drive gear 662 is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 661 through a shaft coupling, the gear ring 663 is fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating frame 64, the gear ring 663 is engaged with the drive gear 662, when the servo motor 661 is started, the rotating angle of the rotating frame 64 can be accurately controlled through the transmission cooperation of the drive gear 662 and the gear ring 663, and then the posture of the arc-shaped limiting plate 65 thereon is adjusted.

[0047] As Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 shown, it further includes a discharging mechanism 7, the discharging mechanism 7 includes a conveying belt 71, a long air cylinder 72, a guide inclined plate 73 and an air nozzle 74, the conveying belt 71 is installed on the top of the rack 1 on both sides respectively, each conveying belt 71 corresponds to a discharging station of the rotating positioning tool 4, a group of long air cylinders 72 are arranged on both sides of the rack 1, the piston rod end of each long air cylinder 72 is connected with a guide inclined plate 73, the air nozzle 74 is arranged on the rear arc-shaped limiting plate 65, the air nozzle 74 faces the discharging direction of the mold 47 in the rotating positioning tool 4 and is connected with a high-pressure gas source, when the rotating positioning tool 4 rotates to the discharging position, the air nozzle 74 arranged on the rear arc-shaped limiting plate 65 is connected with the high-pressure gas source, high-speed airflow is sprayed out to blow the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel in the mold 47 forward along the axial direction; after the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel is blown out, it falls into the corresponding guide inclined plate 73 and slides along the inclined plate to the conveying belt 71 below, realizing automatic and continuous discharging.

[0048] When the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel on the rotating positioning tool 4 is polished and needs to be discharged, the servo motor 661 is started to drive the rear arc-shaped limiting plate 65 to rotate to the upper side, the piston rod of the long air cylinder 72 is extended to drive the guide inclined plate 73 to move backward, so that the guide inclined plate 73 is close to the grinding tool, at this time, the valve of the high-pressure gas source is opened, the air nozzle 74 installed on the rear arc-shaped limiting plate 65 sprays high-speed airflow to blow the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel out of the mold 47 along the forward axial direction, the blown-out Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel falls into the guide inclined plate 73 and slides along the inclined surface of the guide inclined plate 73 to the conveying belt 71 below, the conveying belt 71 is started to convey the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel, completing automatic collection, after all the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steels on the rotating positioning tool 4 are discharged, the long air cylinder 72 is started to contract and reset, so that the guide inclined plate 73 is reset; then, the servo motor 661 is reversely operated to drive the rear arc-shaped limiting plate 65 to rotate and reset to the initial position, finally the valve of the high-pressure gas source is closed, completing the whole discharging cycle.

[0049] Example 5: on the basis of example 4, as Figure 6As shown, it also includes a tensioning mechanism 8, which includes rotating frames 81, cylindrical gears 82, tensioning rollers 83, short cylinders 84 and connecting plates 85, two rotating frames 81 are symmetrically installed on the inner side of the moving frame 33, the opposite ends of which are fixedly connected with cylindrical gears 82, the two cylindrical gears 82 are meshed with each other, and the outer ends of the two rotating frames 81 are rotatably connected with tensioning rollers 83 for contacting and tensioning the abrasive belt 343, the lower end of one of the rotating frames 81 extends downward, penetrates the moving frame 33 and is connected with the connecting plate 85; the lower end of the moving frame 33 is rotatably connected with the short cylinder 84 through a pin shaft, and the piston rod of the short cylinder 84 is connected with the connecting plate 85 through a hinged manner, when the short cylinder 84 is started and elongated, it pushes the connecting plate 85, drives the rotating frame 81 on the side to rotate around the fulcrum, and at the same time drives the rotating frame 81 on the other side to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction through the two meshed cylindrical gears 82, so as to make the two tensioning rollers 83 on the two sides oscillate towards the abrasive belt 343 and apply pressure, realizing uniform tensioning of the abrasive belt 343.

[0050] When the abrasive belt 343 is installed, the annular abrasive belt 343 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the two roller shafts 341. Then the short cylinder 84 is started, the piston rod thereof is extended, the connecting plate 85 is moved, and the rotating frame 81 on one side is swung around the fulcrum; since the rotating frame 81 is connected with the rotating frame 81 on the other side through the meshed cylindrical gears 82, the two rotating frames 81 are synchronously and reversely rotated. Thus, the tensioning rollers 83 at the outer ends of the two rotating frames 81 synchronously apply pressure to the inside of the abrasive belt 343, and are uniformly attached to the back of the abrasive belt 343, so that the abrasive belt 343 obtains constant tensioning force and enters the normal working state. The relaxation or falling off of the abrasive belt 343 during operation is effectively prevented, the contact surface is stable during polishing, and the processing quality consistency is ensured. When it is necessary to replace or dismount the abrasive belt 343, the piston rod of the short cylinder 84 is retracted, the connecting plate 85 is moved backward, and the pushing force on the rotating frame 81 is removed. Under the action of the elasticity of the abrasive belt 343 itself or slight external force, the tensioning roller 83 gradually separates from the abrasive belt 343, the tensioning force is released, and the operator can conveniently take down the old abrasive belt 343 or install the new abrasive belt 343 in place.

[0051] Embodiment 6: A surface treatment method of a neodymium iron boron surface treatment device for neodymium iron boron surface infiltration and dripping, as shown in Figures 1-7 The method comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1: The neodymium iron boron magnetic steel to be treated is axially loaded into the mold 47 of the rotating positioning tool 4, axially limited by the arc-shaped limiting plate 65 of the limiting mechanism 6, and automatically centered and positioned by the guide slope;

[0053] S2: The rodless cylinder 2 is controlled to drive the double-sided polishing mechanism 3 to move horizontally to the corresponding position of the rotating positioning tool 4 of the current working position, so that the two polishing units 34 are respectively located on the front and back of the neodymium iron boron magnetic steel;

[0054] S3: start the driving mechanism 5, through the friction transmission of the driving wheel 53 and the contact wheel 51 to drive the rotating shaft 42 to rotate, and then through the planetary gear set to drive the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel in the mold 47 to rotate while revolving, to realize the compound motion;

[0055] S4: start the polishing motor 342 synchronously, drive the sand belt 343 to run at high speed, and polish the two side surfaces of the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel in the compound motion state synchronously and continuously, to ensure that the surface is uniform in removing the oxide layer, removing the burr and forming the uniform controllable roughness;

[0056] S5: after the polishing is completed, the double-sided polishing mechanism 3 is moved to the corresponding position of the other side rotary positioning tool 4 by the control of the rodless cylinder 2, and the steps S3-S4 are repeated to perform the polishing operation of the next station;

[0057] S6: during the polishing process at the current station, the unloading and loading operations are performed on the other station which has completed the polishing: the servo motor 661 is started to adjust the angle of the rear arc limiting plate 65, the Nd-Fe-B magnetic steel which has completed the polishing is rotated to the discharging position with the mold 47, the air nozzle 74 is opened to spray the high-pressure airflow to blow it along the axial direction, it is slid to the conveying belt 71 through the guide inclined plate 73 to realize the automatic unloading, and then the new workpiece to be processed is loaded.

[0058] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not used to limit the scope of the present application, so that any equivalent changes made according to the content described in the claims of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A surface treatment device for NdFeB magnets, comprising a frame (1), a rodless cylinder (2), a double-sided grinding mechanism (3), and a support frame (9), wherein the top of the frame (1) is provided with the rodless cylinder (2), the double-sided grinding mechanism (3) is mounted on the rodless cylinder (2), the double-sided grinding mechanism (3) includes two grinding units (34) arranged opposite to each other for simultaneously grinding both sides of the NdFeB magnet, and the top of the frame (1) is provided with the support frame (9), characterized in that, It also includes a rotary positioning fixture (4) and a drive mechanism (5). The rotary positioning fixture (4) is symmetrically installed on the support frame (9). Two grinding units (34) are located on both sides of the rotary positioning fixture (4). The rotary positioning fixture (4) is used to carry the neodymium iron boron magnets to be processed. The rodless cylinder (2) drives the double-sided grinding mechanism (3) to move and perform double-sided grinding operations on the neodymium iron boron magnets on both sides of the rotary positioning fixture (4) in sequence. The rodless cylinder (2) is equipped with a drive mechanism (5). The drive mechanism (5) is connected to the rotary positioning fixture (4) through transmission. The drive mechanism (5) drives the rotary positioning fixture (4) to rotate. The rotary positioning fixture (4) drives the internal neodymium iron boron magnets to achieve a composite motion of rotation and revolution.

2. The NdFeB surface treatment apparatus for dripping onto NdFeB surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that it is double-sided. The grinding mechanism (3) also includes a guide rail frame (31), an adjusting screw (32), and a moving frame (33). The guide rail frame (31) is connected to the moving slider of the rodless cylinder (2). The adjusting screw (32) is rotatably installed in the middle of the guide rail frame (31), and its two sides are provided with threaded sections with opposite directions of rotation. The moving frames (33) are slidably connected to both sides of the guide rail frame (31). The two grinding units (34) are respectively installed on the two moving frames (33). Both moving frames (33) are threadedly connected to the adjusting screw (32). Rotating the adjusting screw (32) can drive the two moving frames (33) to move synchronously towards or away from each other along the guide rail frame (31) to adjust the distance between the two grinding units (34).

3. The NdFeB surface treatment apparatus for drip-drip treatment of NdFeB surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The grinding unit (34) includes a roller (341), a grinding motor (342), and a sanding belt (343). The roller (341) is rotatably mounted on both sides of the moving frame (33). The grinding motor (342) is mounted on the moving frame (33). The grinding motor (342) is connected to one of the rollers (341). The sanding belt (343) is fitted on the outer side of the two rollers (341).

4. The NdFeB surface treatment apparatus for drip-drip treatment of NdFeB surfaces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotary positioning fixture (4) includes an annular housing (41), a rotating shaft (42), a planetary gear set, a mold (47), and a handwheel (48). The annular housing (41) is connected to the support frame (9). The rotating shaft (42) is located at the center of the annular housing (41). The rotating shaft (42) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1). A planetary gear set is provided between the rotating shaft (42) and the annular housing (41). The center of each planetary gear (45) of the planetary gear set is connected to the mold (47). The mold (47) has a rectangular placement cavity for accommodating and positioning neodymium iron boron magnets. One end of the rotating shaft (42) is connected to the handwheel (48).

5. The NdFeB surface treatment apparatus for NdFeB surface dripping according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (5) includes a contact wheel (51), a mounting bracket (52) and a drive wheel (53). The contact wheel (51) is fitted on the outside of the rotating shaft (42). The mounting bracket (52) is connected to the sliding block of the rodless cylinder (2). At least two drive wheels (53) are installed on the mounting bracket (52). When the sliding block of the rodless cylinder (2) drives the mounting bracket (52) to move to the working position, the drive wheel (53) contacts the contact wheel (51) on the corresponding side.

6. The NdFeB surface treatment apparatus for drip-drip treatment of NdFeB surfaces according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting mechanism (6), which includes a guide frame (61), a sliding plate (62), a two-way screw (63), a rotating frame (64), an arc-shaped limiting plate (65), and an adjustment component (66). The guide frame (61) is symmetrically installed on the frame (1). Each guide frame (61) has a sliding plate (62) on both sides. A two-way screw (63) is installed in the middle of the guide frame (61). The two-way screw (63) is threadedly connected to the sliding plate (62). A rotating frame (64) is rotatably installed on the rear sliding plate (62). An arc-shaped limiting plate (65) is connected to both the rotating frame (64) and the front sliding plate (62). One end of each arc-shaped limiting plate (65) is provided with a guide slope to facilitate the automatic centering and positioning of the neodymium iron boron magnet during rotation. An adjustment component (66) is provided on the upper part of the rear sliding plate (62) to adjust the rotation angle of the rear arc-shaped limiting plate (65).

7. The NdFeB surface treatment apparatus for drip-drip treatment of NdFeB surfaces according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly (66) includes a servo motor (661), a drive gear (662), and a gear ring (663). The servo motor (661) is mounted on the rear sliding plate (62), the drive gear (662) is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (661), and the gear ring (663) is mounted on the rotating frame (64). The gear ring (663) meshes with the drive gear (662).

8. A neodymium iron boron surface treatment apparatus for drip-drip treatment of neodymium iron boron surfaces according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a discharge mechanism (7), which includes a conveyor belt (71), a long cylinder (72), a guide plate (73) and an air nozzle (74). The top of the frame (1) is equipped with a conveyor belt (71), and both sides of the frame (1) are equipped with long cylinders (72). The piston rod of the long cylinder (72) is connected to the guide plate (73). The arc-shaped limiting plate (65) on the rear side is equipped with an air nozzle (74), which faces the discharge direction of the mold (47) in the rotary positioning fixture (4).

9. A neodymium iron boron surface treatment apparatus for dripping onto a neodymium iron boron surface according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a tensioning mechanism (8), which includes a rotating frame (81), a cylindrical gear (82), a tensioning roller (83), a short cylinder (84), and a connecting plate (85). Two rotating frames (81) are symmetrically installed inside the movable frame (33), and cylindrical gears (82) are connected to their opposite ends respectively. The two cylindrical gears (82) mesh with each other. The extended ends of the two rotating frames (81) are rotatably connected to tensioning rollers (83) for contacting and tensioning the sand belt (343). The lower end of one of the rotating frames (81) extends downward, passes through the movable frame (33), and is connected to the connecting plate (85). The lower end of the movable frame (33) is rotatably connected to a short cylinder (84), and the piston rod of the short cylinder (84) is connected to the connecting plate (85) by a hinge.

10. A surface treatment method based on the NdFeB surface treatment apparatus for drip-drip treatment of NdFeB surfaces according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The neodymium iron boron magnet to be processed is loaded into the mold (47) of the rotary positioning fixture (4) along the axial direction, and is axially limited by the arc-shaped limiting plate (65) of the limiting mechanism (6), and automatically centered by the guide slope. S2: Control the rodless cylinder (2) to drive the double-sided grinding mechanism (3) to move laterally to the corresponding position of the rotary positioning fixture (4) of the current station, so that the two grinding units (34) are located on the front and rear sides of the neodymium iron boron magnet respectively. S3: Start the drive mechanism (5), drive the rotating shaft (42) to rotate through the friction transmission between the drive wheel (53) and the contact wheel (51), and then drive the neodymium iron boron magnet in the mold (47) to rotate on its own axis and revolve around the sun through the planetary gear set to achieve compound motion; S4: Start the grinding motor (342) synchronously, drive the sanding belt (343) to run at high speed, and perform synchronous and continuous grinding on both sides of the neodymium iron boron magnet in a compound motion state to ensure that the surface is uniformly de-oxidized, deburred and formed with uniform and controllable roughness. S5: After grinding is completed, control the rodless cylinder (2) to drive the double-sided grinding mechanism (3) to the corresponding position of the rotating positioning fixture (4) on the other side, and repeat steps S3-S4 to carry out the grinding operation of the next station. S6: During the current workstation grinding process, unloading and loading operations are performed on another workstation that has been ground: Start the servo motor (661) to adjust the angle of the rear arc-shaped limit plate (65), rotate the ground neodymium iron boron magnet with the mold (47) to the discharge position, open the air nozzle (74) to spray high-pressure airflow to blow it out along the axis, slide it down the guide plate (73) to the conveyor belt (71) to achieve automatic unloading, and then load in a new workpiece to be processed.

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