A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on active lifting technology's subsidence dynamic compensation device, for adjusting one end connection bridge head, the other end laying roadbed's apron subsidence.Compensation device includes subsidence monitoring piece, rotatable support and jacking grouting piece.Subsidence monitoring piece is installed in apron both sides, for gathering the elevation difference of apron relative bridge head or roadbed;Rotatable support includes fixedly connected ball base, fixedly connected support column of apron bottom and ball joint seat;Jacking grouting piece includes hydraulic jack, grouting device and control piece, one end of hydraulic jack is connected support column, the other end is supported in foundation, can push support column to make support column bottom and the limit insertion slot groove bottom between ball joint seat form grouting space, control piece can control hydraulic jack lifting stroke according to subsidence data, and according to jacking in place signal controls grouting device grouting opportunity and grouting amount.The compensation device can dynamically adapt uneven subsidence, avoid jacking mechanism damage, realize long-term stable support by grouting solidification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge engineering technology, specifically relating to a settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of road engineering, bridge approach slab settlement is prone to occur at the junction of bridges and roadbeds. The core cause is that the structural stiffness of the bridge is much higher than that of the roadbed, and the roadbed is prone to natural settlement under long-term vehicle loads and environmental erosion. To alleviate this problem, the industry generally adopts the approach slab method to achieve bridge-road transition. However, the foundation under the approach slab is still a settlement-sensitive area. After long-term use, the approach slab is prone to elevation deviation due to the settlement of the foundation below, which still requires targeted repair.

[0003] In existing repair techniques, hydraulic jacks are commonly used to quickly adjust the elevation of the access slab. However, this method has two major drawbacks in practical applications: First, the support structure of the lifting mechanism (usually hydraulic jacks) is mostly a rigid, fixed design. However, roadbed settlement is often unevenly distributed, causing the access slab to tilt. The rigid support cannot adapt to this tilt, which can easily lead to imbalance of forces, skewing, or even mechanical damage to the lifting mechanism, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of elevation adjustment. Second, once the access slab is lifted into place, it relies solely on the jacks for support. This not only results in poor support stability but also makes it prone to hydraulic oil leakage during long-term use, leading to a decrease in support force and causing the access slab to settle again, thus shortening its service life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems and shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology. By adapting the tilt to the rotatable support and strengthening the support through grouting and solidification, dynamic, precise, and stable compensation for the settlement of the slab is achieved.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology is used to adjust the settlement of the approach slab connecting one end of a bridge abutment and the other end of a roadbed. The device is characterized by having multiple compensation devices arranged in an array at the bottom of the approach slab. The compensation device includes a settlement monitoring component, a rotatable support component, and a lifting grouting component.

[0007] Settlement monitoring devices are installed on both sides of the approach slab to collect the elevation difference between the approach slab and the bridgehead or roadbed.

[0008] The rotatable support includes a spherical base fixed to the foundation, a support column fixed to the bottom of the slab, and a ball joint with an arc-shaped concave surface and a limiting slot. The ball joint is connected to the top of the spherical base through an arc-shaped concave ball joint, and the bottom end of the support column is movably inserted into the limiting slot.

[0009] The jacking grouting component includes a hydraulic jack, a grout injector, and a control unit. One end of the hydraulic jack is connected to a support column, and the other end is supported on the foundation. It can push the support column to form a grouting space between the bottom of the support column and the bottom of the limiting slot. The grout injector is connected to the grouting space through a pipeline. The control unit is connected to the settlement monitoring device, the hydraulic jack, and the grout injector. It can control the jacking stroke of the hydraulic jack according to the settlement data, and control the grouting timing and grouting volume of the grout injector according to the jacking completion signal.

[0010] By arranging multiple compensation devices in an array, synchronous or independent control of different areas of the slab can be achieved, precisely adapting to the settlement differences in each area. The ball joint connection between the ball joint seat and the ball base in the rotatable support component, and the movable insertion structure between the support column and the limiting slot, can flexibly adapt to the tilting posture of the slab caused by uneven settlement of the roadbed, avoiding stress imbalance or mechanical damage to the jacking mechanism due to rigid constraints. The jacking grouting component adopts a mode combining active lifting of hydraulic jack rods and solidification support of grouting device. It not only achieves precise adjustment of the slab elevation through hydraulic jack rods, but also forms a long-term stable support structure by solidifying the grouting material in the grouting space. This completely solves the problem that traditional reliance on hydraulic jacks alone is prone to the loss of support force due to oil leakage, which can cause the slab to settle again. This significantly improves the accuracy of slab elevation adjustment and service life.

[0011] Furthermore, in each lifting grouting component, there are at least 3 hydraulic jacks, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support column;

[0012] The jacking grouting component also includes a fixed ring and a bearing base ring. The fixed ring is fixed to the lower outer periphery of the support column, and the bearing base ring is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the spherical base and fixedly connected to the foundation. Each hydraulic jacking rod is hinged between the fixed ring and the bearing base ring to form a circumferential embracing support for the support column.

[0013] At least three hydraulic jacks evenly distributed around the circumference of the support column form a ring-shaped support structure, which can evenly distribute the lifting force to the outer periphery of the support column, avoid local stress concentration caused by a single jack support, and reduce the risk of support column deformation. The fixed ring and the bearing base ring provide stable upper and lower connection references for the hydraulic jacks, ensuring the synchronization of the action of each hydraulic jack, reducing the additional torque caused by uneven jacking, further improving the stability of the jacking process and the accuracy of the platform elevation adjustment, while enhancing the overall structural load-bearing capacity of the device.

[0014] Furthermore, the jacking grouting component also includes an oil inlet ring pipe and an oil return ring pipe; the oil inlet ring pipe is connected to the oil inlet chamber of each hydraulic jack through branch pipes, and the oil return ring pipe is connected to the oil return chamber of each hydraulic jack through branch pipes.

[0015] The inlet and return ring pipes provide centralized oil supply and return channels for each hydraulic jack, effectively avoiding inconsistencies in oil pressure and flow that occur when individual pipes are connected independently. This ensures that the lifting speed and stroke height of all hydraulic jacks are synchronized. This centralized oil circuit design simplifies pipe layout, reduces the number of pipe joints, lowers the risk of oil leakage, and facilitates unified control of hydraulic system pressure and flow. It also reduces uneven local stress on the support plate caused by differences in the oil circuit, protecting the structural integrity of the support plate. Furthermore, by using inlet ring pipes to connect the inlet chambers of each hydraulic jack, it ensures consistent inlet chamber pressure for each jack, adapting to the inclined support column.

[0016] Furthermore, the compensation device also includes a power assembly, which comprises two coaxially linked piston pumps, a drive motor, and an oil storage tank. The drive motor is connected to the piston rods of the two piston pumps via a first reducer. The oil inlet of each piston pump is connected to the oil storage tank via a pipeline with an inlet check valve, and the oil outlet of each piston pump is connected to an inlet ring pipe via a pipeline with an outlet check valve. When the drive motor rotates forward and backward once, the two piston pumps alternately complete the oil suction-discharge action to continuously supply oil. The return ring pipe is connected to the oil storage tank via a return pipe, and the drive motor is connected to the control unit via a signal connection.

[0017] The power assembly consists of two piston pumps that alternately perform oil suction and discharge actions driven by a drive motor, achieving a continuous and uninterrupted supply of hydraulic oil. This avoids the intermittent oil supply problem that occurs when a single piston pump is working, improving lifting efficiency and process continuity. The drive motor is connected to the piston pumps via a first reducer, allowing for precise control of the piston pumps' output pressure and flow rate to adapt to lifting requirements with different settlement amounts. The integrated power assembly design reduces the number of independent power units, shrinks the overall size of the equipment, lowers installation space requirements and equipment costs, and facilitates centralized control of power output by the control components.

[0018] Furthermore, a pressure relief pipe is connected between the oil inlet ring pipe and the oil return ring pipe, and a pressure relief valve is installed in series on the pressure relief pipe. The pressure relief valve is connected to the control component via a signal.

[0019] The pressure relief pipe and the series pressure relief valve between the inlet and return oil ring pipes constitute the safety protection mechanism of the hydraulic system. When the pressure in the inlet oil ring pipe exceeds the preset threshold due to abnormal conditions, the control component can control the pressure relief valve to open in real time, introduce the excess hydraulic oil into the return oil ring pipe, quickly reduce the system pressure, avoid damage to the hydraulic jack, pipeline and related connecting parts due to overpressure, ensure the safe operation of the device, extend the service life of the hydraulic system, and provide redundant protection for precise pressure control during the lifting process.

[0020] Furthermore, the support column has a grouting channel extending to its bottom end face, and the grouting channel is connected to the grouting space; the grouting device includes a grouting pump and a grout storage tank, the grouting pump inlet is connected to the grout storage tank through a pipeline, and the grout outlet is connected to the top inlet of the grouting channel through a pipeline; the grouting pump and the power component share the same drive motor, and the drive motor is connected to the grouting pump through a second reducer.

[0021] The grouting channel inside the support column is directly connected to the grouting space, eliminating the need for complex external grouting pipeline layout, reducing the risk of pipeline bends, blockages, or damage, and ensuring smooth delivery of grouting materials. The grouting pump and power components share the same drive motor, and power distribution is achieved through a second reducer, reducing the number of independent drive devices and lowering equipment energy consumption and manufacturing costs. This power-sharing design facilitates the linkage control of lifting and grouting actions by the control components, ensuring precise matching of grouting timing and lifting stroke, and improving operational efficiency and compensation effect.

[0022] Furthermore, the lifting grouting components of multiple compensation devices can share the same power assembly and the same grout storage tank;

[0023] The main output of the power unit is connected to the branch control valve group through the main oil circuit. The branch control valve group is connected to the oil inlet ring pipe of each compensation device through the branch oil supply pipeline to adjust the hydraulic oil pressure and flow of each compensation device.

[0024] The grout storage tank is connected to the branch grouting valve group through the main grout supply pipe, and the branch grouting valve group is connected to the grouting pump inlet of each compensation device through the branch grout supply pipe.

[0025] Both the branch control valve group and the branch grouting valve group are connected to the control components for signal control of independent jacking and grouting of different compensation devices.

[0026] Multiple compensation devices share a single power unit and grout storage tank, significantly reducing the overall number of devices and floor space, and lowering system construction and maintenance costs. The branch control valve group and branch grouting valve group can independently adjust the hydraulic oil parameters and grouting volume of each compensation device, enabling the control components to implement differentiated control based on the settlement data of different areas of the slab, achieving precise compensation of elevation in each area. This combination of centralized power supply and decentralized control not only ensures system integration but also enhances the adaptability to complex settlement patterns, thereby increasing the practicality and economy of the device.

[0027] Furthermore, in the rotatable support component, a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer is embedded in the contact area between the arc-shaped concave surface of the ball joint and the spherical surface of the ball base; an annular sealing ring is provided on the outer periphery of the top of the ball base, and a corresponding elastic sealing ring is provided on the bottom of the ball joint; a solid lubricating coating is provided between the outer periphery of the support column and the inner wall of the limiting slot of the ball joint.

[0028] The PTFE wear-resistant layer at the contact point between the arc-shaped concave surface of the ball joint and the spherical surface of the ball base can significantly reduce the coefficient of friction and wear rate during relative rotation, extending the service life of the ball joint connection. The annular sealing ring at the top of the ball base and the elastic sealing ring at the bottom of the ball joint fit tightly together, effectively preventing external impurities such as mud and rainwater from entering the contact area of ​​the ball joint, avoiding aggravated wear or rotational jamming caused by contaminants. The solid lubricating coating between the outer periphery of the support column and the inner wall of the limiting slot can reduce the frictional resistance during relative sliding, ensuring the flexible movement of the support column during the tilting of the mounting plate and guaranteeing the dynamic adaptability of the rotatable support to uneven settlement.

[0029] Furthermore, the settlement monitoring components include a laser rangefinder and a dual-axis tilt sensor. The laser rangefinder is installed on the edge areas on both sides of the approach slab via an adjustable bracket, with its detection end aligned with the pre-set elevation benchmark plate at the bridgehead and the benchmark pile on the roadbed surface, respectively. The dual-axis tilt sensor is fixed to the geometric center area at the bottom of the approach slab to detect the degree of inclination of the approach slab. Both the laser rangefinder and the dual-axis tilt sensor are connected to the data of the control components.

[0030] Laser rangefinders accurately acquire elevation difference data for each edge area of ​​the approach slab by detecting the distance between the approach slab and the bridgehead elevation benchmark plate and the roadbed benchmark piles. Dual-axis tilt sensors monitor the overall tilt of the approach slab in real time. The data from both sensors complement each other, providing comprehensive settlement status information for the control components and avoiding the limitations of single-sensor detection. This multi-parameter detection mode enables the control components to more accurately determine the settlement pattern of the approach slab, formulate more precise jacking and grouting strategies, improve the overall accuracy of elevation adjustment, and ensure that the approach slab is restored to the design elevation and posture.

[0031] Furthermore, the spherical base of the rotatable support is made of high-strength reinforced concrete precast. The bottom of the spherical base is provided with anchor bars that extend into the foundation. The support column is made of hollow alloy steel pipe. The top of the support column is detachably connected to the bottom of the slab through a flange.

[0032] The high-strength reinforced concrete precast spherical base, combined with anchor bars extending into the foundation at the bottom, forms a firm connection with the foundation, providing a stable and reliable lower support foundation for the entire device and resisting the reaction forces generated by jacking and slab loads. The hollow alloy steel pipe support columns effectively reduce their self-weight while ensuring structural strength and rigidity, reducing the additional load on the slab and preventing secondary damage to the slab due to excessive load. The flanges at the top of the support columns and the bottom of the slab are detachably connected, facilitating the installation, inspection, and replacement of the device, reducing the difficulty and cost of later maintenance, and improving the ease of use and operation and maintenance efficiency of the device.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0034] Multiple compensation devices arranged in an array can be flexibly adjusted synchronously or independently according to the settlement differences in different areas of the approach slab. Combined with the ball joint connection between the ball joint seat and the ball base in the rotatable support component, and the movable insertion structure between the support column and the limiting slot, it can naturally adapt to the tilting posture of the approach slab caused by uneven settlement of the roadbed. It effectively avoids the lifting mechanism from becoming unbalanced, tilting, or even mechanically damaged due to rigid constraints, and greatly enhances the device's dynamic adaptability to complex settlement patterns.

[0035] The jacking grouting component adopts an operation mode that combines active lifting with solidification support by hydraulic jacks. It can precisely adjust the elevation of the slab through hydraulic jacks, and form a stable and long-lasting support structure by solidifying the grouting material in the grouting space. This completely solves the problem that traditional technology, which relies solely on hydraulic jacks for support, is prone to support force reduction due to oil leakage, which can cause the slab to settle again. This significantly improves the reliability and durability of the support.

[0036] Centralized inlet and return oil ring pipes ensure synchronized oil supply and return for each hydraulic jack, preventing additional stress on the approach slab due to differences in movement. A dual-piston pump power assembly enables uninterrupted continuous oil supply, improving elevation adjustment efficiency. Branch control valve groups and branch grouting valve groups support independent control of multiple devices. Combined with multi-parameter detection by laser rangefinders and dual-axis tilt sensors, comprehensive and accurate settlement data is provided to the control components, ensuring the precision of approach slab elevation and attitude adjustments. Furthermore, the PTFE wear-resistant layer at the ball joint contact area, the sealing structure of the ball base and ball joint, and the solid lubricating coating on the support columns extend the overall service life of the device. Multiple devices sharing a power assembly and grout storage tank reduces equipment investment and maintenance costs. The detachable flange connection between the support columns and the approach slab facilitates installation and maintenance. The overall design balances practicality, economy, and longevity, making it suitable for settlement compensation of approach slabs at the junction of bridges and roadbeds in road engineering, effectively improving the performance and service life of the approach slab. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the installation position of a settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology in this invention.

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the rotatable support and lifting grouting component in this invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram illustrating the cross-sectional state of the rotatable support and the lifting grouting component in this invention;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the lifting grouting component and power assembly in this invention;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the grouting device in this invention;

[0043] Figure 7 A partial structural schematic diagram illustrating one illustrative embodiment of the power component in this invention;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram illustrating another illustrative embodiment of the power component in this invention.

[0045] List of components and reference numerals:

[0046] 1. Bridgehead; 2. Roadbed; 3. Approach slab; 4. Settlement monitoring component; 41. Laser rangefinder sensor; 42. Dual-axis tilt sensor; 5. Rotatable support component; 51. Spherical base; 52. Support column; 521. Grouting channel; 53. Spherical joint; 531. Arc-shaped concave surface; 532. Limiting slot; 54. Grouting space; 55. Anchor bar; 6. Lifting grouting component; 61. Hydraulic jack; 62. Grouting device; 621. Grouting... 622. Slurry pump; 63. Slurry storage tank; 64. Fixed ring; 65. Bearing base ring; 66. Oil inlet ring pipe; 67. Oil outlet ring pipe; 68. Oil return pipe; 69. Pressure relief pipe; 60. Pressure relief valve; 71. Power assembly; 71. Piston pump; 711. Oil inlet check valve; 712. Oil outlet check valve; 713. Piston rod; 72. Drive motor; 73. Oil storage tank; 74. First reducer; 75. Second reducer; 8. Foundation. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that the directional terms such as left, right, up, down, front, and back in the embodiments of the present invention are only relative concepts or are based on the normal use state of the product, i.e., the direction of the product's movement, and should not be considered as limiting.

[0049] In addition, it should be noted that the dynamic terms such as "relative motion" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention refer not only to changes in position, but also to movements such as rotation and rolling in which the position does not change relative to the position, but the state changes.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that when a component is said to be "located on" or "set on" another component, it can be on the other component or may have an intervening component at the same time. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have an intervening component at the same time.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 8 The diagram illustrates a settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology. Its core function is to adjust the settlement of an approach slab 3, which connects to a bridge abutment 1 at one end and a roadbed 2 at the other. Precise dynamic control resolves elevation deviations in the approach slab 3 caused by uneven settlement of the roadbed 2. This compensation device is not a single structure, but rather consists of multiple components arranged in an array at the bottom of the approach slab 3, forming a multi-point support and control system. The entire device comprises three core parts: a settlement monitoring component 4, a rotatable support component 5, and a lifting grouting component 6. These components are interconnected through structural relationships and data interaction, enabling fully automated operation from settlement detection to active compensation.

[0052] Settlement monitoring component 4, acting as the "sensing unit" of the device, is installed on both sides of the approach slab 3. Its core function is to collect the elevation difference between the approach slab 3 and the bridgehead 1 or the roadbed 2, providing accurate data for subsequent compensation actions. Specifically, it comprises two types of components: a laser rangefinder sensor 41 and a dual-axis tilt sensor 42. The laser rangefinder sensor 41 is fixed to the edge areas on both sides of the approach slab 3 via adjustable brackets, with its detection ends aligned with the preset elevation reference plate of the bridgehead 1 and the reference pile on the surface of the roadbed 2, respectively, directly acquiring the distance difference between the edge of the approach slab 3 and the reference surface. The dual-axis tilt sensor 42 is fixed to the geometric center area at the bottom of the approach slab 3, specifically used to detect the overall tilt of the approach slab 3, avoiding misjudgments of the overall attitude caused by relying solely on edge elevation data. Both the laser rangefinder sensor 41 and the dual-axis tilt sensor 42 establish stable data connections with subsequent control components, ensuring that the detection data can be transmitted to the control center in real time and accurately.

[0053] The rotatable support 5 undertakes the "support and attitude adaptation" function of the compensation device and is a key structure connecting the foundation 8 and the approach slab 3. Its design fully considers the tilting problem of the approach slab 3 caused by the uneven settlement of the roadbed 2. It is mainly composed of a spherical base 51, a support column 52 and a spherical connector 53. The spherical base 51 is prefabricated with high-strength reinforced concrete. Anchor bars 55 extending into the foundation 8 are provided at the bottom, forming a firm connection with the foundation 8 through the anchor bars 55, providing a stable lower support foundation for the entire device. The support column 52 is made of hollow alloy steel pipe, which not only ensures sufficient structural strength to bear the load of the slab 3, but also reduces its own weight to avoid adding additional burden to the slab 3. Its top and bottom of the slab 3 are detachably connected through a flange, which facilitates later installation, maintenance and replacement. The spherical connector 53 has an arc-shaped concave surface 531 and a limiting slot 532. The arc-shaped concave surface 531 forms a spherical joint connection with the top of the spherical base 51, allowing the spherical connector 53 to rotate flexibly around the spherical base 51. The bottom end of the support column 52 is movably inserted into the limiting slot 532. With the cooperation of the spherical joint connection, the angle can be adjusted according to the tilt trend of the slab 3. Meanwhile, to improve the durability and flexibility of the rotatable support 5, a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer is embedded in the contact area between the arc-shaped concave surface 531 of the ball joint 53 and the spherical surface of the ball base 51 to reduce wear during relative rotation; an annular sealing ring is provided on the outer periphery of the top of the ball base 51, and a matching elastic sealing ring is provided on the bottom of the ball joint 53 to prevent external mud, sand, and rainwater from entering the contact area and affecting rotation; a solid lubricating coating is also provided between the outer periphery of the support column 52 and the inner wall of the limiting slot 532 of the ball joint 53 to reduce the frictional resistance when the two slide relative to each other and ensure smooth posture adjustment.

[0054] The jacking and grouting component 6 is the "execution unit" of the compensation device, responsible for the active lifting and long-term stable support of the slab 3. It mainly includes hydraulic jacks 61, grouters 62, and control components, and is also equipped with a fixing ring 63, a bearing base ring 64, an oil inlet ring pipe 65, an oil return ring pipe, a power component 7, a pressure relief pipe 68, a pressure relief valve 681, and a grouting channel 521, among other supporting structures. Among them, the hydraulic jacks 61 serve as the lifting power source, with at least three installed and evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support column 52, enabling the uniform transmission of jacking force from multiple directions. The fixing ring 63 is fixed to the lower outer circumference of the support column 52, and the bearing base ring 64 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the spherical base 51 and fixedly connected to the foundation 8. Each hydraulic jack 61 is hinged between the fixing ring 63 and the bearing base ring 64, forming a circumferential encircling support for the support column 52. This structure not only improves the stability of the jacking process but also prevents the support column 52 from deforming due to excessive local stress. One end of the hydraulic jack 61 is connected to the support column 52, and the other end is supported on the foundation 8. When working, it can push the support column 52 upward, so that the bottom end of the support column 52 and the bottom of the limiting slot 532 form a closed grouting space 54, which prepares for subsequent solidification support.

[0055] To ensure synchronized movement of the hydraulic jacks 61, the jacking and grouting component 6 is also equipped with an inlet ring pipe 65 and a return ring pipe. The inlet ring pipe 65 is connected to the inlet chamber of each hydraulic jack 61 through branch pipes, providing hydraulic oil with consistent pressure to each hydraulic jack 61. The return ring pipe is connected to the return chamber of each hydraulic jack 61 through branch pipes, achieving centralized recovery of hydraulic oil. Simultaneously, to prevent damage to components due to excessive hydraulic system pressure, a pressure relief pipe 68 connects the inlet ring pipe 65 and the return ring pipe. A pressure relief valve 681 is installed in series on the pressure relief pipe 68. The pressure relief valve 681 is connected to the control unit via a signal connection. When the system pressure exceeds a preset value, the control unit can control the pressure relief valve 681 to open and relieve pressure in real time, ensuring the safety of the hydraulic system.

[0056] The power supply for the compensation device is provided by a dedicated power assembly 7, which includes two coaxially linked piston pumps 71, a drive motor 72, and an oil storage tank 73. The drive motor 72 is connected to the piston rods 713 of the two piston pumps 71 via a first reducer 74, enabling precise control of the operating speed of the piston pumps 71. The oil inlet of each piston pump 71 is connected to the oil storage tank 73 via a pipeline with an inlet check valve 711, and the oil outlet is connected to the inlet ring pipe 65 via a pipeline with an outlet check valve 712. When the drive motor 72 rotates forward and backward once, the two piston pumps 71 alternately complete the oil suction and discharge actions, thereby achieving a continuous and uninterrupted supply of hydraulic oil, avoiding the intermittent oil supply problem when a single piston pump 71 is working, and improving the lifting efficiency. The return ring pipe is connected to the oil storage tank 73 via a return pipe 67, forming a hydraulic oil recycling system. The drive motor 72 is connected to the control unit via a signal connection, and the control unit adjusts its start / stop and speed according to the compensation requirements.

[0057] The grouting system is deeply integrated with the structure of the support column 52. A grouting channel 521, extending to the bottom end of the support column 52, is directly connected to the grouting space 54, eliminating the need for complex external grouting piping. The grouting device 62 includes a grouting pump 621 and a grout storage tank 622. The inlet of the grouting pump 621 is connected to the grout storage tank 622 via a pipeline to obtain solidified material, and the outlet is connected to the top inlet of the grouting channel 521 via a pipeline, allowing the solidified material to be pressurized and injected into the grouting space 54. To simplify the structure and reduce costs, the grouting pump 621 shares the same drive motor 72 with the power assembly 7. The drive motor 72 is connected to the grouting pump 621 via a second reducer 75, achieving power sharing and coordinated control of the lifting and grouting actions.

[0058] For scenarios involving multiple compensation devices working in slab 3, the jacking and grouting components 6 of multiple compensation devices can share the same power assembly 7 and the same grout storage tank 622. The total output of the power assembly 7 is connected to a branch control valve group via the main oil circuit. The branch control valve group is connected to the inlet ring pipes 65 of each compensation device via branch oil supply pipelines. The controller can adjust the hydraulic oil pressure and flow of each compensation device through the branch control valve group to achieve differentiated jacking in different areas. The grout storage tank 622 is connected to a branch grouting valve group via the main grout supply pipe. The branch grouting valve group is connected to the grouting pump inlet 621 of each compensation device via branch grout supply pipelines. The grouting volume of each device is also controlled by the controller. Both the branch control valve group and the branch grouting valve group are signal-connected to the controller to ensure that the controller can independently control the jacking and grouting actions of different compensation devices to adapt to the settlement differences in different areas of slab 3.

[0059] As the "control center" of the entire compensation device, the control unit is connected to the settlement monitoring unit 4, hydraulic jack 61, grout injector 62, drive motor 72, pressure relief valve 681, branch control valve group, and branch grouting valve group for data or signals. During operation, the control unit first receives the elevation difference and tilt data transmitted by the settlement monitoring unit 4, analyzes and judges the settlement state of the slab 3, and then controls the lifting stroke of the hydraulic jack 61 according to the analysis results to adjust the slab 3 to the design elevation. When the jacking is in place, the control unit triggers the grouting signal to control the grouting timing and grouting volume of the grout injector 62 to ensure that the solidified material fills the grouting space 54. At the same time, the control unit can also coordinate the actions of multiple compensation devices through the branch control valve group and branch grouting valve group to achieve overall synchronization or local fine adjustment, and finally achieve dynamic, accurate and long-term compensation for the settlement of the slab 3. It should be noted that when the settlement monitoring device 4 detects that the settlement is greater than the preset value, the maintenance personnel receive an early warning signal and arrive at the site with grouting fluid to replenish the grout storage tank 622.

[0060] This embodiment applies to the approach slab 3 at the junction of the bridge and the roadbed 2 on an urban main road. One end of the approach slab 3 is connected to the bridgehead 1, and the other end is paved with the roadbed 2. Due to long-term exposure to vehicle loads and rainwater erosion, uneven settlement occurs along its length. Precise repair is required through a settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology. The device configuration and operation process are as follows:

[0061] Multiple compensation devices are arranged in an array along the length of the slab 3. Among the rotatable support components 5 of each device, the ball base 51 is prefabricated with high-strength reinforced concrete, and the anchoring ribs 55 at the bottom extend into the foundation 8 to form a firm fixation with the foundation 8. The support column 52 is made of hollow alloy steel pipe, with its top end detachably connected to the bottom of the slab 3 via a flange, and its bottom end movably inserted into the limiting slot 532 of the ball joint 53. The ball joint 53 has an arc-shaped concave surface 531 and a limiting slot 532. The arc-shaped concave surface 531 and the top of the ball base 51 form a ball joint connection, and the contact area is embedded with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer. The outer periphery of the top of the ball base 51 is provided with an annular sealing ring, and the bottom of the ball joint 53 is provided with a corresponding elastic sealing ring. A solid lubricating coating is applied between the outer periphery of the support column 52 and the inner wall of the limiting slot 532 to ensure that the support column 52 can slide flexibly with the tilt of the slab 3.

[0062] Settlement detection components are installed on both sides of the approach slab 3: the laser rangefinder 41 is fixed to the edge area on both sides of the approach slab 3 by an adjustable bracket, and the detection end is respectively aligned with the preset elevation reference plate of the bridgehead 1 and the reference pile on the surface of the roadbed 2; the dual-axis tilt sensor 42 is fixed in the geometric center area at the bottom of the approach slab 3, and both are connected to the control components through data lines to transmit elevation difference and tilt data in real time.

[0063] The components of the jacking grouting component 6 are assembled as follows: multiple hydraulic jacks 61 are provided and evenly distributed around the support column 52; a fixing ring 63 is fixed to the lower outer periphery of the support column 52; a bearing base ring 64 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the ball base 51 and fixed to the foundation 8; both ends of each hydraulic jack 61 are respectively hinged to the fixing ring 63 and the bearing base ring 64 to form a circumferentially encircling support; the oil inlet ring pipe 65 is connected to the oil inlet chamber of each hydraulic jack 61 through branch pipes; the oil return ring pipe is connected to the oil return chamber of each hydraulic jack 61 through branch pipes; a pressure relief pipe 68 is connected between the oil inlet ring pipe 65 and the oil return ring pipe; a pressure relief valve 681 is installed in series on the pressure relief pipe 68; and the pressure relief valve 681 is connected to the control component signal.

[0064] A power assembly 7 is provided for all compensation devices to share. It includes two coaxially linked piston pumps 71, a drive motor 72, and an oil storage tank 73. The drive motor 72 is connected to the piston rods 713 of the two piston pumps 71 through a first reducer 74. The oil inlet of each piston pump 71 is connected to the oil storage tank 73 through a pipeline with an inlet check valve 711, and the oil outlet is connected to the main oil circuit through a pipeline with an outlet check valve 712. The end of the main oil circuit is connected to a branch control valve group. The branch control valve group is connected to the inlet ring pipes 65 of each compensation device through branch supply oil pipelines. The return ring pipes are connected to the oil storage tank 73 after being collected through return oil pipes 67, forming a hydraulic oil circulation.

[0065] In the grouting system, a grouting channel 521 extending to the bottom end face of the support column 52 is provided inside the support column 52. The grouting channel 521 is connected to the grouting space 54 formed by the bottom end of the support column 52 and the bottom of the limiting slot 532. The grouting device 62 includes a grouting pump 621 and a common grout storage tank 622. The grout inlet of the grouting pump 621 is connected to the grout storage tank 622 through a pipeline, and the grout outlet is connected to the top inlet of the grouting channel 521 through a pipeline. The grouting pump 621 and the power assembly 7 share the same drive motor 72, which is connected to the grouting pump 621 through a second reducer 75. The outlet of the grout storage tank 622 is connected to the main grout supply pipe, and the end of the main grout supply pipe is connected to the branch grouting valve group. The branch grouting valve group is connected to the grout inlet of the grouting pump 621 of each compensation device through the branch grout supply pipeline. The branch control valve group and the branch grouting valve group are both connected to the control component signal and are uniformly controlled by the control component.

[0066] Settlement data acquisition: The control unit activates the settlement detection unit. The laser rangefinder 41 detects the distances between the two edges of the approach slab 3 and the elevation reference plate of the bridgehead 1 and the reference pile of the roadbed 2 in real time, and calculates the elevation difference of different areas of the approach slab 3. The dual-axis tilt sensor 42 simultaneously detects the overall tilt of the approach slab 3 and transmits the elevation difference and tilt data to the control unit in real time. After analyzing the data, the control unit determines that the settlement of the approach slab 3 on the side closer to the roadbed 2 is larger, and there is a slight tilt along the length direction.

[0067] Lifting parameter control: The controller sends commands to the branch control valve group based on settlement data to adjust the hydraulic oil pressure and flow rate of the branch oil supply pipelines corresponding to each compensation device. The drive motor 72 starts and drives two piston pumps 71 through the first reducer 74. The two piston pumps 71 alternately complete the oil suction and discharge actions of the settlement monitoring device 4, continuously supplying hydraulic oil to the main oil circuit. The hydraulic oil is distributed to the inlet ring pipe 65 of each compensation device through the branch control valve group, and then enters the inlet chamber of each hydraulic jack 61 through the branch pipeline, pushing the hydraulic jack 61 to extend. Since the settlement of the approach slab 3 is large on the side closer to the roadbed 2, the controller controls the lifting stroke of the hydraulic jack 61 of the compensation device in this area to be greater than that on the side closer to the bridge abutment 1, while ensuring that the multiple hydraulic jacks 61 in each compensation device operate synchronously to avoid uneven local stress on the approach slab 3.

[0068] System pressure protection: During the jacking process, the control unit monitors the pressure data in the inlet ring pipe 65 in real time. When the pressure in the inlet ring pipe 65 of a certain area compensation device exceeds the preset threshold, the control unit immediately sends a signal to the pressure relief valve 681 corresponding to that area to open the pressure relief valve 681 and guide the excess hydraulic oil through the pressure relief pipe 68 into the return ring pipe to prevent damage to the hydraulic jacking rod 61 and pipeline due to overpressure. After the pressure returns to normal, the pressure relief valve 681 closes and the jacking operation continues.

[0069] Grouting and Curing Support: When the laser rangefinder 41 detects that the elevation difference of each area of ​​the support slab 3 meets the design requirements, and the dual-axis tilt sensor 42 detects that the tilt of the support slab 3 meets the standard, the control unit determines that the jacking is in place and stops the hydraulic jacking rod 61 from supplying oil. Subsequently, the control unit sends a command to the branch grouting valve group and adjusts the output of the drive motor 72, which drives the grouting pump 621 to operate through the second reducer 75. The curing material in the grout storage tank 622 is distributed to the grouting pump 621 of each compensation device through the main grout supply pipe and the branch grouting valve group. The grouting pump 621 pressurizes the curing material and injects it into the grouting channel 521 inside the support column 52. The curing material flows along the grouting channel 521 into the grouting space 54 formed by the bottom of the support column 52 and the bottom of the limiting slot 532 until the grouting space 54 is completely filled.

[0070] Post-grouting dynamic monitoring and maintenance: After grouting is completed, the control unit continues to receive data from the settlement detection unit and regularly monitors the elevation and tilt status of the approach slab 3. If the elevation of the approach slab 3 deviates due to slight settlement of the roadbed 2 in the later period, the control unit can restart the hydraulic jack 61 for a small-amplitude jacking adjustment without regrouting. When it is necessary to repair or replace parts, the support column 52 can be disassembled through the flange at the top of the support column 52, or the ball joint seat 53, hydraulic jack 61 and other parts can be maintained. During the process, the PTFE wear-resistant layer, the annular sealing ring and the elastic sealing ring between the ball joint seat 53 and the ball base 51 effectively ensure the structural stability and sealing performance. The solid lubricating coating between the support column 52 and the limit slot 532 ensures smooth movement of parts during maintenance.

[0071] This embodiment achieves dynamic, precise, and long-term compensation for the settlement of the approach slab 3, effectively solving the problems of poor adaptability and unstable support of traditional jacking technology. Moreover, the device is easy to maintain and is suitable for the settlement repair of approach slab 3 of roads and bridges that have been in service for a long time.

[0072] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology, used for adjusting the settlement of a bridge head connected at one end and a roadbed paved at the other end, characterized in that, The compensation device is provided with multiple compensation devices and is arranged in an array at the bottom of the deck, and the compensation device comprises a settlement monitoring member, a rotatable support member and a jacking and grouting member; The settlement monitoring member is arranged on both sides of the deck and is used to collect the elevation difference of the deck relative to the bridge head or the roadbed; The rotatable support member comprises a ball base fixed to the ground, a support column fixed to the bottom of the deck and a ball joint seat provided with an arc-shaped concave surface and a limiting slot, the ball joint seat is connected to the top of the ball base through the arc-shaped concave surface ball pair, and the bottom end of the support column is movably inserted into the limiting slot; The jacking and grouting member comprises a hydraulic jack, a grouting device and a control member, one end of the hydraulic jack is connected to the support column, the other end of the hydraulic jack is supported on the ground, the support column can be pushed by the hydraulic jack to form a grouting space between the bottom end of the support column and the bottom of the limiting slot, the grouting device is connected to the grouting space through a pipeline, and the control member is connected to the settlement monitoring member, the hydraulic jack and the grouting device in a data connection mode, the jacking stroke of the hydraulic jack can be controlled according to the settlement data, and the grouting time and the grouting amount of the grouting device can be controlled according to the jacking signal. The jacking and grouting member further comprises an oil inlet ring pipe and an oil return ring pipe, the oil inlet ring pipe is connected to the oil inlet cavity of each hydraulic jack through a branch pipeline in a one-to-one connection mode, and the oil return ring pipe is connected to the oil return cavity of each hydraulic jack through a branch pipeline in a one-to-one connection mode. The compensation device further comprises a power assembly, the power assembly comprises two coaxially connected piston pumps, a driving motor and an oil storage tank, the driving motor is in transmission connection with the piston rods of the two piston pumps through a first speed reducer, the oil inlet of each piston pump is connected to the oil storage tank through a pipeline provided with an oil inlet check valve, and the oil outlet of each piston pump is connected to the oil inlet ring pipe through a pipeline provided with an oil outlet check valve; when the driving motor is reversely rotated once, the two piston pumps alternately complete the oil suction and oil discharge actions to continuously supply oil; the oil return ring pipe is connected to the oil storage tank through an oil return pipe, and the driving motor is in signal connection with the control member; The support column is internally provided with a grouting channel penetrating to the end face of the bottom end of the support column, the grouting channel is in communication with the grouting space, the grouting device comprises a grouting pump and a grout storage barrel, the grouting inlet of the grouting pump is connected to the grout storage barrel through a pipeline, and the grouting outlet is connected to the top inlet of the grouting channel through a pipeline; the grouting pump shares the same driving motor with the power assembly, and the driving motor is in transmission connection with the grouting pump through a second speed reducer.

2. The settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In each jacking and grouting member, the hydraulic jack is provided with at least three hydraulic jacks which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support column; The jacking and grouting member further comprises a fixing ring and a bearing base ring, the fixing ring is fixedly arranged on the lower part of the outer periphery of the support column, and the bearing base ring is coaxially arranged outside the ball base and is fixedly connected to the ground; each hydraulic jack is hingedly connected between the fixing ring and the bearing base ring to form a circumferential ring type support for the support column.

3. The settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure relief pipe is in communication between the oil inlet ring pipe and the oil return ring pipe, a pressure relief valve is installed on the pressure relief pipe in series, and the pressure relief valve is in signal connection with the control member.

4. The settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jacking and grouting members of multiple compensation devices share the same power assembly and the same grout storage barrel. The total output end of the power assembly is connected with a shunt control valve group through a main oil circuit, and the shunt control valve group is communicated with the oil inlet ring of each compensation device through a shunt oil supply pipeline, so as to adjust the hydraulic oil pressure and flow of each compensation device. The slurry storage barrel is connected with a shunt grouting valve group through a total slurry supply pipeline, and the shunt grouting valve group is communicated with the grouting pump inlet of each compensation device through a shunt slurry supply pipeline. The shunt control valve group and the shunt grouting valve group are connected with the control unit signal to realize independent jacking and grouting control of different compensation devices.

5. The settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the rotatable support, the arc-shaped concave surface of the ball seat is embedded with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer at the contact part with the spherical surface of the ball base; an annular sealing ring is arranged on the top outer periphery of the ball base, and a corresponding elastic sealing ring is arranged at the bottom of the ball seat; a solid lubricating coating is arranged between the outer periphery of the support column and the inner wall of the limiting slot of the ball seat.

6. The settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The settlement monitoring member includes a laser ranging sensor and a dual-axis inclination sensor, the laser ranging sensor is installed on the edge area of both sides of the deck through an adjustable support, the detection end thereof is respectively aligned with the pre-set elevation reference plate at the bridge head and the reference pile on the roadbed surface, the dual-axis inclination sensor is fixed on the geometric center area at the bottom of the deck to detect the inclination degree of the deck, and the laser ranging sensor and the dual-axis inclination sensor are connected with the control unit in data.

7. The settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ball base of the rotatable support is prefabricated from high-strength reinforced concrete, the bottom of the ball base is provided with an anchoring rib extending into the foundation, the support column is made of a hollow alloy steel pipe, and the top end of the support column is detachably connected with the bottom of the deck through a flange plate.

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