Soil nail and vegetation combined type slope protection structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a soil nail and vegetation combined type slope protection structure and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of slope protection, the soil nail and vegetation combined type slope protection structure comprises a slope protection frame, the slope protection frame divides a slope surface into vegetation planting areas and water storage areas which are alternately distributed from top to bottom, and the soil nail and vegetation combined type slope protection structure further comprises a slope protection panel, soil nail pieces, movable reinforcing rods and water absorbing and guiding pieces, the slope protection panel is provided with a root system guiding structure used for guiding root systems of vegetation cultivated in the vegetation planting area and stretching the root systems into the slope soil layer, the second soil nails are in sliding fit with the movable reinforcing rods, when plants in the sowing cavity grow, stalks or the root systems can push the movable reinforcing rods to move outwards, the movable reinforcing rods on the lower layer stretch into the slope soil layer, and therefore the slope protection effect is achieved. The upper layer movable reinforcing rods extend into the slope protection frame to form an anchoring structure of the slope protection frame, the movable reinforcing rods and the second soil nails, the structure is dynamically strengthened along with growth of vegetation, and the more vigorous the vegetation is, the larger the thrust is, and the deeper the movable reinforcing rods are inserted into the communicating holes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of slope protection, and in particular to a soil nail and vegetation combined slope protection structure and a construction method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of slope engineering, slope protection structure is a key component to ensure the safety of infrastructure such as roads and water conservancy. Traditional slope protection technologies mainly include rigid support and flexible ecological protection, but both technologies have obvious limitations in practical application. Rigid support (such as mortar stone retaining wall and concrete anchor spraying) can quickly provide strong anti-sliding and anti-erosion capacity, but its structure is closed and cannot provide conditions for vegetation growth, which easily leads to ecological environment damage in the slope area, and is prone to cracks due to temperature changes and soil settlement in long-term use, resulting in high maintenance costs. Flexible ecological protection (such as grass planting and spraying greening) can achieve ecological restoration, but its initial soil fixation capacity is weak and relies on vegetation roots to gradually play a role in slope fixation. In the scenes of heavy rain, strong runoff or poor slope soil stability, slope surface erosion, soil loss and even slope sliding risk may occur, which is difficult to meet the requirements of slope protection with high stability.

[0003] With the increasing requirement for the coordination of ecological environmental protection and structural safety, the existing combined slope protection technology (such as the combination of soil nails and vegetation) still has some problems. On the one hand, soil nails as single mechanical anchoring components lack active cooperation with vegetation roots, and the growth process of vegetation cannot dynamically strengthen the anchoring effect, resulting in that the improvement of slope stability is limited to the fixed strength in the initial construction. On the other hand, the slope water management system is imperfect, and the water storage and water diversion structure is not consistent with the growth needs of vegetation. Therefore, the survival rate of vegetation is low due to the lack of timely water supply. Therefore, a soil nail and vegetation combined slope protection structure and a construction method thereof are proposed. SUMMARY

[0004] To overcome the problems in the related art, the present application provides a soil nail and vegetation combined slope protection structure and a construction method thereof. The second soil nail and the movable reinforcing rod are in sliding cooperation. When the plants grow in the seeding cavity, the stems or roots can push the movable reinforcing rod to move outward, forming a cooperative anchoring structure of the slope protection frame, the movable reinforcing rod and the second soil nail.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a soil nail and vegetation combined slope protection structure, which comprises a slope protection frame. The slope protection frame divides the slope surface into alternating vegetation planting areas and water storage areas from top to bottom. The slope protection structure further comprises: a slope protection panel, which is fixedly arranged in the vegetation planting area, and the slope protection panel has a root guiding structure for guiding the roots of the vegetation cultivated in the vegetation planting area and extending into the slope soil layer; The soil nail member penetrates through the slope protection panel and is anchored into the slope soil layer, and the soil nail member comprises at least a second soil nail, which is in an axial hollow structure, and an inner hollow region of the second soil nail forms a sowing cavity for accommodating plant seeds; The movable reinforcing rod is slidably connected to the second soil nail, and one end of the movable reinforcing rod extends into the sowing cavity, and during the growth of the plant seeds in the sowing cavity, the plant stems or roots can push the movable reinforcing rod to move away from the sowing cavity, so that the outer end of the movable reinforcing rod extends into the slope soil layer and the water storage area; The water absorbing and guiding member is arranged at the water storage area, and when the movable reinforcing rod moves outward under the action of plant growth and extends into the water storage area, the movable reinforcing rod can synchronously extrude the water absorbing and guiding member to release water.

[0006] Preferably, the slope protection panel is a three-layer composite structure, comprising an anchoring layer, a root guiding layer and a planting layer which are sequentially and fixedly connected away from the slope soil layer, the planting layer adopts a fine mesh structure, and the mesh of the planting layer is filled with a planting soil layer for cultivating vegetation.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of conical holes are arranged on the root guiding layer, the diameters of the conical holes gradually increase from 10mm to 30mm from the side close to the planting layer to the side close to the anchoring layer, and a plurality of root passing holes corresponding to the conical holes are arranged on the anchoring layer.

[0008] Preferably, the second soil nail comprises an integral forming nail rod part and a conical anchoring part, a plurality of first extension holes communicating with the sowing cavity are arranged on the side walls of the nail rod part and the conical anchoring part, and the first extension holes are used for the roots of the plants in the sowing cavity to pass out and extend into the slope soil layer.

[0009] Preferably, an axial cavity is arranged on the axial direction of the movable reinforcing rod, and a plurality of second extension holes communicating with the axial cavity are arranged on the outer wall of the movable reinforcing rod.

[0010] Preferably, a guide hole penetrating in the radial direction is further arranged on the side wall of the nail rod part, the inner end of the movable reinforcing rod penetrates through the guide hole and forms a sliding fit structure with the guide hole, and the inner end of the movable reinforcing rod is provided with a pushing inclined surface.

[0011] Preferably, a communication hole corresponding to the position of the movable reinforcing rod is arranged on the transverse support bar of the slope protection frame, and the outer end of the movable reinforcing rod can be extruded into the communication hole under the action of the plant growth thrust force, so as to form a cooperative anchoring structure of the frame and the movable reinforcing rod.

[0012] Preferably, the soil nail member further comprises a first soil nail, and the first soil nail penetrates through the slope protection panel and is inserted into the slope soil layer.

[0013] Preferably, the water-absorbing and water-guiding element comprises a water-absorbing pad fixedly installed at the middle and lower end of the water storage area, and a water-retaining fiber strip connected to one side of the water-absorbing pad facing the slope soil layer, with one end of the water-retaining fiber strip extending into the slope soil layer, thereby realizing water conduction to the soil layer.

[0014] Another aspect of the present application provides a construction method applied to the soil nail and vegetation combined slope protection structure, comprising the following steps: S1, the slope surface is trimmed by artificial or mechanical means, and the floating soil, gravel, weeds and other sundries on the slope surface are removed, so that the slope surface is flat and the slope meets the design requirements; S2, before installing the slope protection frame, the water-absorbing and water-guiding element is installed, and a hole groove for the water-retaining fiber strip to extend into is excavated on the slope soil layer, then the filling slope protection frame is installed, and the position is calibrated to form the alternating vegetation planting area and water storage area on the slope surface; S3, the slope protection panel is laid on the vegetation planting area, and the movable reinforcing rod and the second soil nail are arranged in place, and after installation, the planting soil is filled into the planting layer, and the seeds and nutrient soil are filled into the seeding cavity of the second soil nail; S4, the vegetation planting area is watered and maintained, regular watering, fertilization and weeding are carried out, the growth of vegetation is monitored, and the slope protection structure is regularly checked to repair damaged problems in time.

[0015] The technical scheme provided by the present application can include the following beneficial effects: 1、In the present application, the second soil nail and the movable reinforcing rod form a sliding fit, and when the plants in the seeding cavity grow, the stems or roots can push the movable reinforcing rod to move outward, the lower movable reinforcing rod extends into the slope soil layer, and the upper movable reinforcing rod extends into the slope protection frame, forming a cooperative anchoring structure of slope protection frame-movable reinforcing rod-second soil nail, and the structure is dynamically reinforced with the growth of vegetation, the more vigorous the vegetation, the greater the pushing force, the deeper the movable reinforcing rod inserted into the communication hole, and the stronger the cooperative anchoring effect, effectively resisting the risk of slope sliding.

[0016] 2、In the present application, the root guiding structure of the slope protection panel guides the roots of the vegetation to extend into the slope soil layer, the roots of the plants in the seeding cavity penetrate the first extension hole of the second soil nail and the second extension hole of the movable reinforcing rod and wind around, and finally extend into the soil layer, the roots and the soil nail form a close mechanical interlocking, a biological and mechanical composite anchor rod is constructed, the roots provide additional pull resistance, the soil nail provides protection and framework for deep roots, the root network extending into the slope body and the deep soil nail anchoring area jointly act, and the overall anti-sliding stability of the slope is improved, and the landslide is inhibited.

[0017] 3、The water storage area water absorption pad can store natural precipitation or artificial irrigation water, the water retention fiber strip conducts water to the slope soil layer, and when the movable reinforcing rod is extruded to extend into the water storage area, the water absorption pad can be extruded, so as to promote water release, and the more vigorous the vegetation growth is, the higher the water demand is, the greater the extrusion degree of the movable reinforcing rod is, and the more the water release amount is, so that water supply is ensured in time, and the water demand of vegetation and the slope soil layer at different growth stages is met.

[0018] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present application in a state where the slope protection panel is removed; Figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the present application Figure 2 in another aspect; Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the present application installed on a slope; Figure 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the present application in a combined state of the second soil nail and the movable reinforcing rod; Figure 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the present application in a split state of the second soil nail and the movable reinforcing rod; Figure 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the slope protection frame and the water absorption and conducting member of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the present application in a split state of the slope protection panel; Figure 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the present application Figure 8 in another aspect; Figure 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the present application Figure 7 in which A is an enlarged view.

[0021] The correspondence between the reference numerals of the figures and the component names in the figures is as follows: 1, slope protection frame; 101, vegetation planting area; 102, water storage area; 2, slope protection panel; 21, planting layer; 22, root guiding layer; 221, conical hole; 23, anchoring layer; 3, water absorbing and conducting member; 31, water absorbing pad; 32, water retaining fiber strip; 4, first soil nail; 5, second soil nail; 51, nail rod part; 52, conical anchoring part; 53, sowing cavity; 54, first extension hole; 55, guide hole; 6, movable reinforcing rod; 61, second extension hole; 62, shaft cavity; 63, pushing inclined surface; 7, communication hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application. The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Although the preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0024] Embodiment one: Referring to Figures 1-10 As shown in the drawings, the present application proposes a soil nail and vegetation combined slope protection structure, which comprises a protection frame 1, Figure 4The a in the formula is a slope body, the slope protection frame 1 can be prefabricated by reinforced concrete, to ensure that the frame itself has sufficient bending and shearing strength, to facilitate subsequent installation, it can be prefabricated into independent segments, and then assembled, the slope protection frame 1 divides the slope surface into alternating vegetation planting areas 101 and water storage areas 102 from top to bottom, the water storage area 102 is long strip-shaped, the width ratio of the two can be flexibly adjusted according to the local rainfall and the water requirement of the vegetation, generally the width of the vegetation planting area 101 is 1.5-3m, and the width of the water storage area 102 is 0.2-0.8m, to ensure that the vegetation has sufficient growth space, at the same time the water storage area 102 can collect rainwater, and the slope protection frame 1 further comprises a slope protection panel 2, soil nail members and movable reinforcing rods 6, the slope protection panel 2 is fixedly arranged in the vegetation planting area 101, and the slope protection panel 2 has a root system guiding structure, the root system guiding structure guides the root system of the vegetation cultivated in the vegetation planting area 101 and extends into the slope soil layer, the soil nail members comprise first soil nails 4 and second soil nails 5, the first soil nails 4 and the second soil nails 5 can be made of threaded steel, and the first soil nails 4 and the second soil nails 5 both penetrate through the slope protection panel 2 and are inserted into the slope soil layer, the diameter of the first soil nails 4 is smaller than that of the second soil nails 5, and the first soil nails 4 and the second soil nails 5 jointly act to stably install the slope protection panel 2, the second soil nails 5 are in an axial hollow structure, and a hollow area in the second soil nails 5 forms a sowing cavity 53 for accommodating plant seeds, the movable reinforcing rods 6 are made of high-strength corrosion-resistant alloy material, the movable reinforcing rods 6 are slidably connected to the second soil nails 5, the movable reinforcing rods 6 and the second soil nails 5 are arranged at an angle of 30°-90°, and one end of the movable reinforcing rods 6 extends into the sowing cavity 53, in the growth process of the plant seeds in the sowing cavity 53, the stems or root systems of the plants can push the movable reinforcing rods 6 to move away from the sowing cavity 53, wherein the movable reinforcing rods 6 are provided with upper and lower layers, the outer end of the upper movable reinforcing rods 6 can extend into the water storage area 102, and the outer end of the lower movable reinforcing rods 6 can further extend into the slope soil layer.

[0025] Referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the slope protection panel 2 is a three-layer composite structure, including an anchoring layer 23, a root guiding layer 22 and a planting layer 21 fixed and connected in sequence away from the slope soil layer, the planting layer 21 adopts a fine mesh structure, which forms effective constraint on the planting layer 21, so as to reduce soil loss even under the action of rainfall or slope runoff, the mesh of the planting layer 21 is filled with a planting soil layer for cultivating vegetation, which can be mixed by humus soil, perlite, vermiculite and organic fertilizer in a specific proportion, the mesh is controlled within 3-8mm, which can not only ensure the stable filling of the planting soil layer and avoid soil loss caused by too large mesh, but also provide sufficient space for the emergence of vegetation seedlings and induce a large number of fine and dense fibrous roots to form an anti-erosion layer quickly, and effectively block external sundries (such as stones and dry branches) from entering the inside of the planting layer 21 to affect the growth of vegetation, the root guiding layer 22 is made of composite material, and the selected material has the characteristics of high strength, anti-aging and corrosion resistance, which can withstand the pressure of the slope soil layer and the erosion of external environment (such as ultraviolet rays and rainwater) for a long time, avoiding structural failure caused by material damage, and the whole is a porous plate structure, the root guiding layer 22 is provided with a plurality of tapered holes 221, the aperture of the tapered hole 221 is designed to gradually increase from the side close to the planting layer 21 (aperture 10mm) to the side close to the anchoring layer 23 (aperture 30mm), forming a horn-shaped channel with narrow inlet and wide outlet, which naturally guides the root system to deeper and more stable soil body by using the geotropism and hydrotropism of plants, the anchoring layer 23 is made of reinforced concrete or high-strength fiber reinforced composite material, the anchoring layer 23 is the inner layer structure of the slope protection panel 2 close to the slope soil layer, which fixes the whole slope protection panel 2 on the slope by anchoring, mainly bearing the dual functions of fixing the panel, connecting the slope soil layer and providing the final growth channel for the root system, a plurality of root passing holes corresponding to the tapered holes 221 are provided on the anchoring layer 23, the diameter of the root passing hole is consistent with the aperture (30mm) of the tapered hole 221 close to the anchoring layer 23, ensuring that the two are through to form a complete root channel, the distribution density of the root passing hole is matched with the tapered hole 221, usually 15-20 per square meter, which can meet the needs of uniform distribution and sufficient soil fixation of vegetation root system.

[0026] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the second soil nail 5 includes an integrally formed nail rod 51 and a conical anchoring part 52. Multiple first extension holes 54 communicating with the sowing chamber 53 are provided on the side walls of both the nail rod 51 and the conical anchoring part 52. The roots of the plants in the sowing chamber 53 can pass through these holes and gradually extend into the slope soil layer, ultimately forming a root network and a mechanical interlocking structure with the soil nail. The first extension holes 54 are used to allow the roots of the plants in the sowing chamber 53 to pass through and extend into the slope soil layer. A shaft cavity 62 is provided axially on the movable reinforcing rod 6, and multiple second extension holes 61 communicating with the shaft cavity 62 are provided on the outer wall of the movable reinforcing rod 6. When the plant roots in the sowing chamber 53 pass through the first extension holes 54, some roots further pass through the second extension holes 61 and enter the shaft cavity 62, causing the roots to grow coiled within the shaft cavity 62, ultimately forming a tightly wrapped structure with the movable reinforcing rod 6, increasing the gripping force between the roots and the reinforcing rod, and preventing root slippage.

[0027] A radially penetrating guide hole 55 is also provided on the side wall of the nail rod 51. The diameter of the guide hole 55 is larger than the diameter of the nail rod 51, providing space for the lowering and anchoring of the second soil nail 5. The inner end of the movable reinforcing rod 6 penetrates the guide hole 55 and forms a sliding fit structure with the guide hole 55. The inner end of the movable reinforcing rod 6 is provided with a pushing inclined surface 63.

[0028] See Figure 3 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 10 As shown, the transverse support strip of the slope protection frame 1 has a connecting hole 7 corresponding to the position of the movable reinforcing rod 6. The outer end of the movable reinforcing rod 6 can be squeezed into the connecting hole 7 under the thrust of plant growth, forming a cooperative anchoring structure between the frame and the movable reinforcing rod 6.

[0029] Through the above, during the growth and elongation of the vegetation seeds sown in the sowing chamber 53, and during the growth of the plant stems or roots, the movable reinforcing rod 6 of the sliding connecting nail rod part 51 can be pushed. This thrust acts on the pushing slope 63 of the movable reinforcing rod 6, pushing the movable reinforcing rod 6 to move outward along the guide hole 55, allowing the lower movable reinforcing rod 6 to extend further into the slope soil layer, and further into the connecting hole 7 of the slope protection frame 1, forming a synergistic anchoring structure of slope protection frame 1, movable reinforcing rod 6, and second soil nail 5. Moreover, this structure is not fixed, but dynamically strengthens with vegetation growth. The more vigorous the vegetation growth, the greater the thrust, the deeper the movable reinforcing rod 6 is inserted into the connecting hole 7, and the stronger the synergistic anchoring effect of the three, thereby achieving a dynamic improvement in the stability of slope protection.

[0030] Secondly, during the vegetation elongation process, the plant roots guided down from the planting layer 21 will penetrate the root guide layer 22 and the anchoring layer 23, and extend into the slope soil layer. The plant roots in the seeding chamber 53 will penetrate through the first extension hole 54 and the second extension hole 61 and entwine, finally extending into the slope soil layer. This greatly enhances the gripping force between the roots and the soil nails when the roots are under tension, avoiding simple slippage and forming a biological and mechanical composite anchor. The roots provide additional tensile resistance, while the soil nails provide protection and a framework for the deep roots. The root network extending into the slope body works together with the deep soil nail anchoring zone to effectively suppress the occurrence of landslides.

[0031] During the installation of the slope protection panel 2, the movable reinforcing rod 6 is installed simultaneously, and the second soil nail 5 is first inserted through the slope protection panel 2, with the upper movable reinforcing rod 6 located in the pre-set slot of the planting layer 21.

[0032] Example 2: See Figures 1-2 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment is an extension based on embodiment one: the water-absorbing and water-conducting component 3 of the soil nail and vegetation combined slope protection structure is set at the water storage area 102. It can store water through natural precipitation, artificial irrigation, etc., to provide water supply for the water-absorbing and water-conducting component 3. When the movable reinforcing rod 6 moves outward and extends into the water storage area 102 under the action of plant growth, the movable reinforcing rod 6 can simultaneously squeeze the water-absorbing and water-conducting component 3, causing the water-absorbing and water-conducting component 3 to release the stored water to meet the needs of vegetation growth and slope soil moisture retention.

[0033] The water-absorbing and guiding component 3 includes a water-absorbing pad 31. The water-absorbing pad 31 is made of highly absorbent resin composite sponge material, possessing extremely strong water absorption and retention capabilities. It is securely installed in the lower middle part of the water storage area 102, enabling it to fully contact and absorb the accumulated water at the bottom of the water storage area 102, while preventing water from being lost due to gravity. A hydrophilic water-retaining fiber strip 32 is connected to the side of the water-absorbing pad 31 facing the slope soil layer. The water-retaining fiber strip 32 is made of modified polypropylene fiber, with a surface covered with micron-level hydrophilic pores, which can quickly absorb the water released by the water-absorbing pad 31 and achieve long-term water transfer through capillary action. The water-retaining fiber strip 32 is located away from the water-absorbing pad 31. Extending into the soil layer of the slope at one end, these water-retaining fiber strips 32 facilitate the transfer of water to the soil layer. Specifically, these strips extend from the surface to the deep layer, forming a micro-humidity gradient in the soil. The surface soil has relatively low humidity due to faster water evaporation, while the deep soil is continuously replenished by the water-retaining fiber strips 32. This humidity difference induces water attraction in the vegetation roots, prompting them to actively grow towards the deeper areas where the soil nails are anchored with higher humidity and stability. As the roots continue to penetrate and entwine around the soil nails, they not only enhance the vegetation's own resistance to lodging but also, through the "bio-binding" effect of the roots, tightly bind the surrounding soil to the soil nails, thereby improving the overall anti-sliding stability of the slope.

[0034] As described above, when the movable reinforcing rod 6 is pushed and moved by the extension of the vegetation, the outer end of the movable reinforcing rod 6 extends into the connecting hole 7 and can also squeeze the water-absorbing pad 31, causing water to be squeezed out and realizing dynamic water replenishment. That is, the more vigorous the vegetation growth, the higher the demand for water, the greater the squeezing force of the movable reinforcing rod 6, and the more water the water-absorbing and guiding component 3 releases. This adapts to the water demand of vegetation and slope soil layers at different growth stages, which not only avoids the waste of water resources in traditional artificial irrigation, but also ensures the timeliness of water replenishment.

[0035] This invention also proposes a construction method for the above-mentioned soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure, comprising the following steps: S1. Use manual or mechanical methods to trim the slope surface, remove loose soil, gravel, weeds and other debris to make the slope surface flat and the slope meet the design requirements. S2. Before installing the slope protection frame 1, first install the water absorption and water guiding component 3, and excavate the hole in the slope soil layer for the water-retaining fiber strip 32 to extend into. Then install and fill the slope protection frame 1, and calibrate the position so that the slope surface forms alternating vegetation planting area 101 and water storage area 102. S3. Lay slope protection panels 2 in the vegetation planting area 101, and at the same time, place the movable reinforcement rods 6 and the second soil nails 5 in place. After installation, fill the planting layer 21 with planting soil and fill the seeding chamber 53 of the second soil nails 5 with seeds and nutrient soil. S4. Water and maintain the vegetation planting area 101 and the sowing chamber 53 regularly, water, fertilize and weed regularly, monitor the vegetation growth, regularly inspect the slope protection structure, and repair any damage in a timely manner.

[0036] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis; for parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also understand that the actions and modules involved in the specification are not necessarily essential to the present invention. Furthermore, it is understood that the steps in the method of the embodiments of the present invention can be adjusted, combined, and deleted according to actual needs, and the structure in the device of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined, divided, and deleted according to actual needs.

[0037] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A combined soil nailing and vegetation slope protection structure, comprising a slope protection frame (1), characterized in that, The slope protection frame (1) divides the slope surface into alternating vegetation planting areas (101) and water storage areas (102) from top to bottom, and also includes: The slope protection panel (2) is fixedly installed in the vegetation planting area (101), and the slope protection panel (2) has a root guiding structure for guiding the vegetation roots cultivated in the vegetation planting area (101) to extend into the slope soil layer. Soil nails penetrate the slope protection panel (2) and are anchored to the interior of the slope soil layer. The soil nails include at least a second soil nail (5). The second soil nail (5) has an axially hollow structure, and its internal hollow area forms a sowing cavity (53) for accommodating plant seeds. The movable reinforcing rod (6) is slidably connected to the second soil nail (5), and one end of the movable reinforcing rod (6) extends into the sowing cavity (53). During the growth of plant seeds in the sowing cavity (53), the plant stem or root system can push the movable reinforcing rod (6) to move away from the sowing cavity (53) so that the extended end of the movable reinforcing rod (6) extends into the slope soil layer and water storage area (102). The water-absorbing and water-guiding component (3) is located in the water storage area (102). When the movable reinforcing rod (6) moves outward and extends into the water storage area (102) under the action of plant growth, the movable reinforcing rod (6) can simultaneously squeeze the water-absorbing and water-guiding component (3) to release water.

2. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope protection panel (2) is a three-layer composite structure, including an anchoring layer (23), a root guide layer (22) and a planting layer (21) that are fixedly connected in sequence along the direction away from the slope soil layer. The planting layer (21) adopts a fine mesh structure, and the mesh of the planting layer (21) is filled with planting soil for cultivating vegetation.

3. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The root guide layer (22) is provided with a plurality of conical holes (221). The diameter of the conical holes (221) gradually increases from 10 mm to 30 mm from the side near the planting layer (21) to the side near the anchoring layer (23). The anchoring layer (23) is provided with a plurality of root passage holes corresponding to and communicating with the conical holes (221).

4. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second soil nail (5) includes an integrally formed nail rod (51) and a conical anchoring part (52). The nail rod (51) and the conical anchoring part (52) are provided with multiple first extension holes (54) that communicate with the sowing chamber (53). The first extension holes (54) are used to allow the roots of the plants in the sowing chamber (53) to penetrate out and extend into the slope soil layer.

5. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The movable reinforcing rod (6) has an axial cavity (62), and the outer wall of the movable reinforcing rod (6) has a plurality of second extension holes (61) communicating with the cavity (62).

6. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side wall of the nail rod (51) is also provided with a radially penetrating guide hole (55), the inner end of the movable reinforcing rod (6) penetrates the guide hole (55) and forms a sliding fit structure with the guide hole (55), and the inner end of the movable reinforcing rod (6) is provided with a pushing slope (63).

7. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope protection frame (1) has a connecting hole (7) on its transverse support bar that corresponds to the position of the movable reinforcing rod (6). The outer end of the movable reinforcing rod (6) can be squeezed into the connecting hole (7) under the thrust of plant growth.

8. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil nail also includes a first soil nail (4), which penetrates the slope protection panel (2) and is inserted into the slope soil layer.

9. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-absorbing and water-conducting component (3) includes a water-absorbing pad (31) fixedly installed in the lower middle part of the water storage area (102), and a water-retaining fiber strip (32) is connected to the side of the water-absorbing pad (31) facing the slope soil layer.

10. A construction method applied to the soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Use manual or mechanical methods to trim the slope surface, remove loose soil, gravel, weeds and other debris to make the slope surface flat and the slope meet the design requirements. S2. Before installing the slope protection frame (1), first install the water absorption and water guide (3), and excavate the hole in the slope soil layer for the water-retaining fiber strip (32) to extend into. Then install the filling slope protection frame (1) and calibrate the position so that the slope surface forms alternating vegetation planting area (101) and water storage area (102). S3. Lay slope protection panels (2) in the vegetation planting area (101), and at the same time, place the movable reinforcement rod (6) and the second soil nail (5) in place. After installation, fill the planting layer (21) with planting soil and fill the seeding cavity (53) of the second soil nail (5) with seeds and nutrient soil. S4. Water and maintain the vegetation planting area (101), water, fertilize and weed regularly, monitor the vegetation growth, regularly check the slope protection structure, and repair any damage in a timely manner.

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