Mechanical bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanical drill bit rotary steering vertical drilling tool and relates to the technical field of geological drilling. The mechanical drill bit rotary steering vertical drilling tool comprises an upper joint, an outer cylinder, a steering drill bit body, a flow distribution component and a pendulum control system. The pendulum control system comprises a pendulum mounting component, a pendulum ball hinge, a pendulum middle cylinder and a pendulum end head. The pendulum ball hinge, the pendulum middle cylinder and the pendulum end head can rotate relative to the pendulum mounting component. A plurality of drill bit nozzles are uniformly and sequentially arranged on the steering drill bit body in a circumferential direction. Each drill bit nozzle penetrates through upper and lower ends of the steering drill bit body. A plurality of edge flow distribution holes, which penetrate through upper and lower ends of the flow distribution component, are uniformly and sequentially arranged on an outer edge of the flow distribution component in a circumferential direction. A plurality of central inclined holes, which penetrate through upper and lower ends of the flow distribution component, are uniformly and sequentially arranged on an upper end of a middle part of the flow distribution component in a circumferential direction. A central flow passage, which penetrates through upper and lower ends of the pendulum end head, is arranged on a middle part of the pendulum end head. The mechanical drill bit rotary steering vertical drilling tool is not prone to failure in a complex and changeable downhole environment, has high reliability and low cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geological drilling, in particular to a mechanical drill bit rotary steering vertical drilling tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of geological drilling, with the continuous deepening of drilling depth, the hardness of rock is higher, the distribution of hard and soft rock strata is more uneven, and the poor drillability of strata and other environmental factors will bring great trouble to geological drilling. When encountering hard rock strata with uneven coarse particles, the wellbore deviation will occur, that is, the well deviation problem will occur. The mainstream vertical drilling system currently used adopts an electronic control module to control a mechanical device represented by a pushing block to push against the well wall to control the drilling direction. However, the deep environment is complex and harsh, and the electronic components used by the electronic control module are prone to failure, and the reliability is not high. The existing vertical drilling system for correcting deviation is very expensive, and the reliability is not high due to the presence of electronic equipment. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a mechanical drill bit rotary steering vertical drilling tool, which is not prone to failure in the complex and variable environment downhole, has high reliability and low cost.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following scheme:

[0005] The application provides a mechanical drill bit rotary steering vertical drilling tool, which comprises an upper joint, an outer cylinder, a steering drill bit body, a flow distribution component and a pendulum control system, the upper joint, the outer cylinder and the steering drill bit body are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the flow distribution component is fixed above the steering drill bit body and located in the outer cylinder; the pendulum control system comprises a pendulum mounting component, a pendulum ball hinge, a pendulum middle cylinder and a pendulum end head, the pendulum mounting component is arranged in the upper part of the outer cylinder, the pendulum ball hinge is rotatably arranged on the pendulum mounting component, the lower end of the pendulum ball hinge is connected with the upper end of the pendulum middle cylinder, and the lower end of the pendulum middle cylinder is connected with the pendulum end head; the upper joint, the pendulum mounting component, the pendulum ball hinge, the pendulum middle cylinder and the pendulum end head are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, a plurality of first through holes are arranged on the annular side wall of the pendulum middle cylinder, and the pendulum ball hinge, the pendulum middle cylinder and the pendulum end head can rotate relative to the pendulum mounting component; a plurality of drill bit nozzles are uniformly arranged on the steering drill bit body in the circumferential direction, each drill bit nozzle penetrates the upper and lower ends of the steering drill bit body, a plurality of edge flow distribution holes penetrating the upper and lower ends of the flow distribution component are uniformly arranged on the outer edge of the flow distribution component in the circumferential direction, a plurality of central inclined holes penetrating the upper and lower ends of the flow distribution component are uniformly arranged on the upper end of the middle part of the flow distribution component in the circumferential direction, the central inclined holes and the edge flow distribution holes are arranged alternately, the lower end of each central inclined hole is located between two adjacent edge flow distribution holes, the lower end of each central inclined hole corresponds to the position of the upper end of one drill bit nozzle, and the lower end of each edge flow distribution hole corresponds to the position of the upper end of one drill bit nozzle; a central flow passage penetrating the upper and lower ends of the middle part of the pendulum end head is arranged, when the outer cylinder is inclined downward from top to bottom to a first side, the pendulum middle cylinder swings to a second side, so that the central axis of the pendulum middle cylinder is not collinear with the central axis of the outer cylinder, the lower end of the central flow passage corresponds to the position of the central inclined hole on the second side of the flow distribution component, so that the flow rate of the drilling fluid sprayed from the second side of the steering drill bit body is greater than the flow rate of the drilling fluid sprayed from the first side of the steering drill bit body.

[0006] Preferably, the pendulum mounting component comprises a pendulum seat ring and a pendulum hinge seat, the pendulum seat ring is fixed to the upper part of the outer cylinder, the pendulum hinge seat is fixed to the upper part of the pendulum seat ring, the pendulum ball hinge is rotatably arranged in the pendulum hinge seat, and the upper joint, the pendulum hinge seat and the pendulum ball hinge are sequentially communicated from top to bottom.

[0007] Preferably, the central flow passage comprises an inverted conical flow passage and a circular flow passage which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, a plurality of second through holes are arranged on the lower part of the annular side wall of the pendulum end head in the circumferential direction, and each second through hole is communicated with the circular flow passage.

[0008] Preferably, the inner part of the upper end of the outer cylinder is provided with a first internal thread, and the outer part of the lower end of the upper joint is provided with a first external thread matched with the structure of the first internal thread.

[0009] Preferably, the inner part of the lower end of the outer cylinder is provided with a second internal thread, and the outer part of the upper end of the pilot bit body is provided with a second external thread matched with the structure of the second internal thread.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom end of the outer part of the flow distribution component is provided with an annular boss, and the inner part of the lower end of the outer cylinder is provided with a limiting step above the second internal thread, which is matched with the structure of the annular boss, so as to fix the flow distribution component above the pilot bit body.

[0011] Preferably, the lower part of the pilot bit body is uniformly provided with a plurality of blades in sequence along the circumference, and the number of the blades is the same as the number of the drill bit nozzles, and the lower end of each drill bit nozzle is located between the bottom parts of two adjacent blades.

[0012] Preferably, the drill bit nozzle comprises an axial flow channel and a bottom ejection hole connected in sequence from top to bottom, the axial flow channel is arranged along the axial direction of the pilot bit body, the lower end of each central inclined hole corresponds to the position of the upper end of one axial flow channel, the lower end of each edge flow distribution hole corresponds to the position of the upper end of one axial flow channel, the bottom ejection hole is an arc-shaped hole, and the bottom ejection hole is arranged extending outward from top to bottom.

[0013] Preferably, the drill bit nozzle is provided as six, and the edge flow distribution hole and the central inclined hole are each provided as three.

[0014] Preferably, the inner part of the upper end of the upper joint is provided with a third internal thread, and the upper joint is connected with a drill rod through the third internal thread.

[0015] The present application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0016] The mechanical drill bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool of the application comprises an upper joint, an outer cylinder, a steerable drill bit body, a flow distribution component and a pendulum control system, when the outer cylinder is inclined to the first side from top to bottom, the pendulum middle cylinder swings to the second side, so that the central axis of the pendulum middle cylinder is not collinear with the central axis of the outer cylinder, the lower end of the central flow passage corresponds to the central inclined hole position of the second side of the flow distribution component, so that the flow of the drilling fluid sprayed by the second side of the steerable drill bit body is greater than the flow of the drilling fluid sprayed by the first side of the steerable drill bit body, a speed difference is generated at the outlet of the steerable drill bit body, the flow rate of the second side of the steerable drill bit body is greater than that of the first side, based on the Bernoulli principle, the static pressure is low where the flow rate is high, that is, the static pressure of the second side of the steerable drill bit body is less than that of the first side, so that the steerable drill bit body is subjected to a force from the first side to the second side, that is, a lateral pushing force is generated, so that the steerable drill bit body moves from the first side to the second side, and then the steerable drill bit body is no longer inclined to the first side, so as to realize the correction of the steerable drill bit body. The pure mechanical structure is adopted to control the execution of correction in the application, the correction can be automatically corrected without additional operation of personnel, the application is not easy to fail in the complex and variable environment downhole, the reliability is high, the service life is long, and the cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below only show some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the mechanical drill bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0019] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the mechanical drill bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool provided by the application is shown in the figure. Figure 1 The sectional view of the mechanical drill bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0020] Figure 3 The cooperation schematic diagram of the pendulum control system and the flow distribution component when the central axis of the pendulum middle cylinder and the outer cylinder is not collinear in the mechanical drill bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0021] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the pendulum control system in the mechanical drill bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0022] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the pendulum control system in the mechanical drill bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool provided by the application is shown in the figure. Figure 4 The sectional view of the mechanical drill bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0023] Figure 6 The first three-dimensional structural diagram of the flow distribution component in the mechanical drill bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool provided by the application is shown in the figure.

[0024] Figure 7 Figure 2 is a second perspective view of the flow distribution component of the mechanical bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool according to the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 Figure 3 is a sectional view of the flow distribution component of the mechanical bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool according to the present application;

[0026] Figure 9 Figure 4 is a first perspective view of the steering bit body of the mechanical bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool according to the present application;

[0027] Figure 10 Figure 5 is a second perspective view of the steering bit body of the mechanical bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool according to the present application;

[0028] Figure 11 Figure 6 is a schematic view of the mechanical bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool according to the present application when correcting the deviation.

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the mechanical bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] The present application aims to provide a mechanical bit rotary steerable vertical drilling tool which is not prone to failure in the complex and changeable downhole environment, has high reliability and low cost.

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] As Figures 1-11As shown, the embodiment provides a mechanical drill bit rotary steering vertical drilling tool 100, which comprises an upper joint 1, an outer cylinder 2, a steering drill bit body 3, a flow distribution component 7 and a pendulum control system, the upper joint 1, the outer cylinder 2 and the steering drill bit body 3 are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the flow distribution component 7 is fixed above the steering drill bit body 3 and located in the outer cylinder 2. The central axes of the upper joint 1, the outer cylinder 2, the steering drill bit body 3 and the flow distribution component 7 are arranged in line.

[0034] The pendulum control system comprises a pendulum mounting component, a pendulum ball hinge 13, a pendulum middle cylinder 14 and a pendulum end head 15, the pendulum mounting component is arranged in the upper part of the outer cylinder 2, the pendulum ball hinge 13 is rotatably mounted on the pendulum mounting component, the lower end of the pendulum ball hinge 13 is connected with the upper end of the pendulum middle cylinder 14, the lower end of the pendulum middle cylinder 14 is connected with the pendulum end head 15, and the central axes of the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the pendulum end head 15 are arranged in line in the embodiment. The upper joint 1 is used for connecting with a drill rod, and a passage for entering drilling fluid is arranged in the upper joint 1. The upper joint 1, the pendulum mounting component, the pendulum ball hinge 13, the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the pendulum end head 15 are sequentially communicated from top to bottom. A plurality of first through holes 16 are arranged on the annular side wall of the pendulum middle cylinder 14. After the drilling fluid enters the pendulum middle cylinder 14, the drilling fluid can flow downward into the pendulum end head 15 and flow to the space between the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the outer cylinder 2 through the first through holes 16. The pendulum mounting component is fixed in the outer cylinder 2, and the pendulum ball hinge 13, the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the pendulum end head 15 are sequentially fixed and connected from top to bottom. The pendulum ball hinge 13, the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the pendulum end head 15 can rotate relative to the pendulum mounting component.

[0035] A plurality of drill bit nozzles are uniformly arranged in the steering drill bit body 3 in sequence along the circumference. Each drill bit nozzle penetrates the upper and lower ends of the steering drill bit body 3. A plurality of edge flow distribution holes 10 penetrating the upper and lower ends of the flow distribution component 7 are uniformly arranged in sequence along the circumference of the outer edge of the flow distribution component 7. A plurality of central inclined holes 9 penetrating the upper and lower ends of the flow distribution component 7 are uniformly arranged in sequence along the circumference of the upper end of the middle part of the flow distribution component 7. The central inclined holes 9 and the edge flow distribution holes 10 are arranged alternately. The lower end of each central inclined hole 9 is located between two adjacent edge flow distribution holes 10. The lower end of each central inclined hole 9 corresponds to the position of the upper end of a drill bit nozzle. The lower end of each edge flow distribution hole 10 corresponds to the position of the upper end of a drill bit nozzle.

[0036] A central flow passage penetrating the upper and lower ends of the pendulum end head 15 is arranged in the middle part of the pendulum end head 15. In the drilling process, the pendulum middle cylinder 14 is always vertically downward under the action of gravity. When the well section is vertical, the central axes of the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the outer cylinder 2 are in line. At this time, the pendulum control system distributes the drilling fluid uniformly into the plurality of drill bit nozzles on the steering drill bit body 3. The flow rates of the drilling fluid entering each drill bit nozzle are the same.

[0037] As shown in the figure, Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the first side and the second side in the embodiment are symmetrical sides, when the well section is inclined, that is, when the outer cylinder 2 is inclined from top to bottom towards the first side, the pendulum middle cylinder 14 swings towards the second side, so that the central axis of the pendulum middle cylinder 14 is not collinear with the central axis of the outer cylinder 2, the lower end of the central flow passage corresponds to the position of the central inclined hole 9 of the second side of the flow distribution member 7, at this time, most of the drilling fluid flowing out of the central flow passage flows out of the central inclined hole 9 of the second side of the flow distribution member 7, so that the flow rate of the drilling fluid sprayed out of the second side of the pilot bit body 3 is greater than the flow rate of the drilling fluid sprayed out of the first side of the pilot bit body 3, causing a speed difference at the outlet of the pilot bit body 3, changing the flow field form at the pilot bit body 3, the flow rate of the second side of the pilot bit body 3 is greater than that of the first side, based on the Bernoulli principle, the flow rate is low, that is, the static pressure of the second side of the pilot bit body 3 is less than that of the first side, so that the pilot bit body 3 is subjected to a force from the first side towards the second side, that is, a lateral pushing force is generated, so that the pilot bit body 3 moves from the first side towards the second side, and then the pilot bit body 3 is no longer inclined towards the first side, that is, the lateral cutting is realized by generating the lateral pushing force to push the pilot bit body 3, and the pilot bit body 3 is forced to guide, so as to correct the inclination of the pilot bit body 3.

[0038] At the same time, when the high-speed fluid caused by the drilling bit nozzle corresponding to the central inclined hole 9 of the second side breaks the rock at the bottom of the well, similar to the water jet drilling principle, the rock breaking rate is proportional to the fluid velocity, so the rock breaking rate of the bottom area corresponding to the high-speed fluid is higher than that of the low-speed fluid area. In short, the rock is damaged by the water jet before the pilot bit body 3 performs tooth cutting, resulting in a decrease in the energy required for rock breaking in the bottom area corresponding to the high-speed fluid, and the pilot bit body 3 is easy to swing towards the direction with small resistance, and then the pilot bit body 3 swings towards the second side to correct the inclination of the pilot bit body 3.

[0039] Due to the rock breaking imbalance phenomenon on the surface of the pilot bit body 3 in the high-speed fluid area, this effect will preferentially remove the cuttings in the high-speed fluid area, which will cause the pilot bit body 3 to incline towards the area where the cuttings are preferentially reduced, that is, the pilot bit body 3 swings towards the second side to correct the inclination of the pilot bit body 3.

[0040] In the embodiment, the pure mechanical structure is adopted to control the execution of correction, which can automatically correct the inclination without additional operation of personnel, and there is no electronic equipment, which is not easy to fail in the complex and variable environment downhole, has high reliability, long service life and low cost.

[0041] The pendulum mounting member in the embodiment includes a pendulum seat ring 11 and a pendulum hinge base 12, the pendulum seat ring 11 is fixed in the upper part of the outer cylinder 2, the pendulum hinge base 12 is fixed to the upper part of the pendulum seat ring 11, and the pendulum ball hinge 13 is rotatably installed in the pendulum hinge base 12. The upper joint 1, the pendulum hinge base 12 and the pendulum ball hinge 13 are sequentially communicated from top to bottom.

[0042] As shown in Figure 5 the center flow channel includes a reverse tapered flow channel 17 and a circular flow channel 18 connected in sequence from top to bottom, so that the drilling fluid in the pendulum middle cylinder 14 converges through the reverse tapered flow channel 17 and then flows out of the circular flow channel 18. The center axis of the pendulum middle cylinder 14 is not collinear with the center axis of the outer cylinder 2, and the lower end of the circular flow channel corresponds to the position of the central inclined hole 9 on the second side of the flow distribution component 7. The lower part of the annular side wall of the pendulum tip 15 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 19 in the circumferential direction, each of which communicates with the circular flow channel 18. After the drilling fluid enters the circular flow channel 18, it can flow out of the lower end of the circular flow channel 18 and also flow to the space between the pendulum tip 15 and the outer cylinder 2 through the second through hole 19.

[0043] In this embodiment, the diameter of the circular cross section at the bottom end of the reverse tapered flow channel 17 is the same as the diameter of the circular flow channel 18.

[0044] Specifically, the inner part of the upper end of the outer cylinder 2 is provided with a first internal thread, and the outer part of the lower end of the upper adapter 1 is provided with a first external thread matched with the structure of the first internal thread, so that the lower end of the upper adapter 1 can be threadedly connected to the inner part of the upper end of the outer cylinder 2.

[0045] Specifically, the inner part of the lower end of the outer cylinder 2 is provided with a second internal thread, and the outer part of the upper end of the pilot bit body 3 is provided with a second external thread matched with the structure of the second internal thread, so that the upper end of the pilot bit body 3 can be threadedly connected to the inner part of the lower end of the outer cylinder 2.

[0046] In order to fix the flow distribution component 7, the bottom end of the outer part of the flow distribution component 7 is provided with an annular boss 8, and the inner part of the lower end of the outer cylinder 2 is provided with a limiting step above the second internal thread, which is matched with the structure of the annular boss 8, so as to fix the flow distribution component 7 above the pilot bit body 3.

[0047] Specifically, the lower part of the flow distribution component 7 is in contact with the top of the pilot bit body 3, and the annular boss 8 of the flow distribution component 7 is limited by the limiting step at the upper end, so as to fix the flow distribution component 7. After the pilot bit body 3 is subsequently detached from the outer cylinder 2, the flow distribution component 7 can be taken out from the bottom of the outer cylinder 2, so as to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the flow distribution component 7.

[0048] As shown in Figure 10 In this embodiment, the lower part of the pilot bit body 3 is provided with a plurality of blades 6 in sequence and uniformly in the circumferential direction, which are used for rotating and crushing rocks. The number of blades 6 is the same as the number of drill nozzles, and the lower end of each drill nozzle is located between the bottoms of two adjacent blades 6.

[0049] Specifically, the drill bit nozzle comprises an axial flow channel 4 and a bottom ejection hole 5 connected in sequence from top to bottom, the axial flow channel 4 is arranged along the axial direction of the pilot bit body 3, the lower end of each central inclined hole 9 corresponds to the position of the upper end of an axial flow channel 4, the lower end of each edge flow distribution hole 10 corresponds to the position of the upper end of an axial flow channel 4, the bottom ejection hole 5 is an arc-shaped hole, and the bottom ejection hole 5 is arranged extending outward from top to bottom.

[0050] In the embodiment, the drill bit nozzle is provided as six, and the edge flow distribution hole 10 and the central inclined hole 9 are each provided as three.

[0051] Specifically, the central inclined hole 9 is arranged inclined outward from top to bottom, and the included angle between the central axis of the central inclined hole 9 and the central axis of the flow distribution component 7 is 45°. The axial direction of the edge flow distribution hole 10 is parallel to the axial direction of the flow distribution component 7.

[0052] Specifically, the inner part of the upper end of the upper joint 1 is provided with a third internal thread, and the upper joint 1 is connected with the drill pipe through the third internal thread, so that the upper joint 1 and the drill pipe are convenient to disassemble and assemble.

[0053] Specifically, in use, the mechanical drill bit in the embodiment is connected to the lower end of the drill pipe through the upper joint 1 of the vertical drilling tool 100, the drilling fluid enters the pendulum control system through the drill pipe and the inner part of the upper joint 1, when the well section is vertical, the central axes of the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the outer cylinder 2 are collinear, at this time, the drilling fluid is uniformly dispersed to the plurality of intermediate inclined holes through the central flow channel of the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the pendulum end head 15, and flows into the corresponding drill bit nozzle below, at the same time, the drilling fluid can enter between the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the outer cylinder 2 through the first through hole 16 on the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the second through hole 19 of the pendulum end head 15, and then is uniformly dispersed to the plurality of edge flow distribution holes 10, and flows into the corresponding drill bit nozzle below, so that the drilling fluid flow of each drill bit nozzle is the same.

[0054] As Figure 11As shown, the first side in the embodiment is the right side, and the second side is the left side. When the well section is inclined, that is, the outer cylinder 2 is inclined toward the first side, the pendulum middle cylinder 14 swings toward the second side under the action of gravity, the central axis of the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the outer cylinder 2 is no longer collinear, the lower end of the central flow channel corresponds to the position of the central inclined hole 9 of the second side of the flow distribution member 7, at this time, most of the drilling fluid in the pendulum middle cylinder 14 flows into the central flow channel, and most of the drilling fluid flowing out of the central flow channel flows out of the central inclined hole 9 of the second side of the flow distribution member 7, so that the flow rate of the drilling fluid sprayed by the drill bit nozzle corresponding to the central inclined hole 9 of the second side is much larger than the flow rate of the drilling fluid sprayed by the drill bit nozzle corresponding to the central inclined hole 9 of the first side; the drilling fluid in other parts of the pendulum middle cylinder 14 enters between the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the outer cylinder 2 through the first through hole 16, and the part of the drilling fluid entering the central flow channel enters between the pendulum middle cylinder 14 and the outer cylinder 2 through the second through hole 19, and then enters the corresponding drill bit nozzle below through the edge flow hole 10 on the flow distribution member 7 to be sprayed out, so that the flow rate of the drilling fluid sprayed by the second side of the pilot bit body 3 is greater than the flow rate of the drilling fluid sprayed by the first side of the pilot bit body 3, so that the outlet of the pilot bit body 3 generates a speed difference, changes the flow field form at the pilot bit body 3, generates a lateral force pushing the pilot bit body 3 to realize lateral cutting, and the direction of the lateral force pushing the pilot bit body 3 is shown as an arrow A direction in Figure 11

[0055] After the straightening work is completed, the pendulum control system uniformly distributes the drilling fluid to each drill bit nozzle of the pilot bit body 3 through the flow distribution member 7, so that there is no lateral force on the pilot bit body 3, and normal vertical drilling operation is carried out.

[0056] The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described in the specification by using specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation manners and application ranges will be changed. In view of the above, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.​

Claims

1. A mechanical bit-rotating steerable vertical drilling tool, characterized by, The application relates to a drilling tool, which comprises an upper joint, an outer cylinder, a guide drill bit body, a flow distribution component and a pendulum control system, wherein the upper joint, the outer cylinder and the guide drill bit body are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the flow distribution component is fixed above the guide drill bit body and located in the outer cylinder; the pendulum control system comprises a pendulum mounting component, a pendulum ball hinge, a pendulum middle cylinder and a pendulum end head, the pendulum mounting component is arranged in the upper part of the outer cylinder, the pendulum ball hinge is rotationally mounted on the pendulum mounting component, the lower end of the pendulum ball hinge is connected with the upper end of the pendulum middle cylinder, the lower end of the pendulum middle cylinder is connected with the pendulum end head, the upper joint, the pendulum mounting component, the pendulum ball hinge, the pendulum middle cylinder and the pendulum end head are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, a plurality of first through holes are arranged on the annular side wall of the pendulum middle cylinder, and the pendulum ball hinge, the pendulum middle cylinder and the pendulum end head can rotate relative to the pendulum mounting component; a plurality of drill bit nozzles are uniformly arranged on the guide drill bit body in the circumferential direction, each drill bit nozzle penetrates the upper and lower ends of the guide drill bit body, a plurality of edge flow distribution holes penetrating the upper and lower ends of the flow distribution component are uniformly arranged on the outer edge of the flow distribution component in the circumferential direction, a plurality of central inclined holes penetrating the upper and lower ends of the flow distribution component are uniformly arranged on the upper end of the middle part of the flow distribution component in the circumferential direction, the central inclined holes and the edge flow distribution holes are arranged alternately, the lower end of each central inclined hole is located between two adjacent edge flow distribution holes, the lower end of each central inclined hole corresponds to the position of the upper end of one drill bit nozzle, and the lower end of each edge flow distribution hole corresponds to the position of the upper end of one drill bit nozzle; the middle part of the pendulum end head is provided with a central flow channel penetrating the upper and lower ends thereof, when the outer cylinder is inclined towards a first side from top to bottom, the pendulum middle cylinder swings towards a second side, so that the central axis of the pendulum middle cylinder is not collinear with the central axis of the outer cylinder, the lower end of the central flow channel corresponds to the position of the central inclined hole on the second side of the flow distribution component, so that the flow rate of the drilling fluid sprayed from the second side of the guide drill bit body is greater than the flow rate of the drilling fluid sprayed from the first side of the guide drill bit body; the central flow channel comprises a reverse conical flow channel and a circular flow channel which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and a plurality of second through holes are arranged on the lower part of the annular side wall of the pendulum end head in the circumferential direction, each second through hole is communicated with the circular flow channel.

2. The mechanical bit-rotating steerable directional drilling tool of claim 1, wherein, The pendulum mounting component comprises a pendulum seat ring and a pendulum hinge seat, the pendulum seat ring is fixed in the upper part of the outer cylinder, the pendulum hinge seat is fixed on the upper part of the pendulum seat ring, the pendulum ball hinge is rotationally mounted in the pendulum hinge seat, and the upper joint, the pendulum hinge seat and the pendulum ball hinge are sequentially communicated from top to bottom.

3. The mechanical bit-rotating, steerable, vertical drilling tool of claim 1, wherein, The inner part of the upper end of the outer cylinder is provided with a first internal thread, and the outer part of the lower end of the upper joint is provided with a first external thread matched with the structure of the first internal thread.

4. The mechanical bit-rotating, steerable, vertical drilling tool of claim 1, wherein, The inner part of the lower end of the outer cylinder is provided with a second internal thread, and the outer part of the upper end of the guide drill bit body is provided with a second external thread matched with the structure of the second internal thread.

5. The mechanical bit-rotating, steerable, vertical drilling tool of claim 4, wherein, The bottom end outside the shunt component is provided with an annular boss, the inner part of the lower end of the outer cylinder is provided with a limiting step above the second internal thread, the limiting step is matched with the structure of the annular boss, thereby realizing the fixation of the shunt component above the pilot drill bit body.

6. The mechanical bit-rotating steerable directional drilling tool of claim 1, wherein, The lower part of the pilot drill bit body is uniformly provided with a plurality of blades in sequence along the circumference, the number of the blades is the same as the number of the drill bit nozzles, and the lower end of each drill bit nozzle is located between the bottoms of two adjacent blades.

7. The mechanical bit-rotating, steerable, vertical drilling tool of claim 1, wherein, The drill bit nozzle comprises an axial flow channel and a bottom ejection hole connected in sequence from top to bottom, the axial flow channel is arranged along the axial direction of the pilot drill bit body, the lower end of each central inclined hole corresponds to the position of the upper end of one axial flow channel, the lower end of each edge shunt hole corresponds to the position of the upper end of one axial flow channel, the bottom ejection hole is an arc-shaped hole, and the bottom ejection hole is arranged extending towards the outer side from top to bottom.

8. The mechanical bit-rotating, steerable, vertical drilling tool of claim 1, wherein, The drill bit nozzle is provided with six, and the edge shunt hole and the central inclined hole are each provided with three.

9. The mechanical bit-rotating, steerable, vertical drilling tool of claim 1, wherein, The inner part of the upper end of the upper joint is provided with a third internal thread, and the upper joint is used to be connected with a drill rod through the third internal thread.

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