A centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings.

Abstract

This invention discloses a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings, belonging to the technical field of dehumidification heat exchange devices. It includes two towers, one for air dehumidification and the other for dehumidifying liquid regeneration. A compression heat pump system is installed between the two towers to provide cooling and heating for each tower respectively. This invention, through its dual-tower design, separately handles air dehumidification and dehumidifying liquid regeneration. Combined with an integrated compression heat pump system comprising an evaporator, condenser, compressor, and expansion valve, and a plate heat exchanger, it constructs a complete energy cycle closed loop. The heat pump system efficiently transfers heat through phase change circulation, providing a stable heat source for the dehumidification and regeneration processes. The plate heat exchanger recovers heat from low-temperature dilute solutions and high-temperature concentrated solutions, reducing energy waste. Compared to the high energy consumption of traditional air conditioning dehumidification and the low energy utilization rate of single-solution dehumidification, this device significantly reduces the total system energy consumption, fully embodying the concept of green environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings, belonging to the technical field of dehumidification heat exchange devices. Background Technology

[0002] In subway projects in hot and humid regions, the high humidity in the construction and operation environment has long plagued the industry's development. High humidity not only easily leads to the deterioration of construction materials due to moisture and slows down the strength growth of structural concrete, but also affects the normal operation of equipment during subway operation (such as electrical equipment short circuits due to moisture), reduces passenger comfort, and may even cause safety hazards, seriously restricting the achievement of project excellence and efficient operation.

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, various dehumidification methods exist in the current technology, such as traditional air conditioning dehumidification and single-solution dehumidification devices, but all of them have significant limitations:

[0004] Traditional air conditioning dehumidification relies on the high-intensity operation of compressors, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency and difficulty in achieving energy recycling. Single-solution dehumidification systems only achieve dehumidification through solution moisture absorption, without optimizing the energy consumption of the regeneration process of the dilute solution after dehumidification. This leads to high overall system energy consumption, failing to meet the requirements of green and environmentally friendly engineering. Furthermore, in existing solution dehumidification technologies, the dehumidification process and the regeneration process (i.e., the process of restoring the concentration of the dilute solution) are mostly completed by independent devices. The parameters of the two systems are difficult to match precisely, resulting in low solution circulation efficiency and large equipment footprint, making them unsuitable for the limited space environment of subway projects. In addition, the air temperature and humidity fluctuate greatly and the airflow is complex in the subway environment. Existing dehumidification equipment lacks customized design for this scenario. For example, it cannot guarantee the uniformity of the air state entering the core dehumidification area, resulting in unstable heat and mass exchange efficiency, making it difficult to continuously and efficiently meet the dehumidification needs of subway projects.

[0005] Therefore, given the special dehumidification needs of subway projects in hot and humid areas, there is an urgent need for a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings to optimize the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings. Through a dual-tower design, one tower is responsible for air dehumidification, and the other for dehumidifying liquid regeneration. This is combined with a compression heat pump system integrating an evaporator, condenser, compressor, and expansion valve, along with a plate heat exchanger, to construct a complete closed-loop energy cycle. The heat pump system efficiently transfers heat through phase change circulation, providing a stable heat source for the dehumidification and regeneration processes. The plate heat exchanger recovers heat from the low-temperature dilute solution and the high-temperature concentrated solution, reducing energy waste. This invention addresses the high energy consumption of traditional air conditioning dehumidification and the low energy utilization rate of single-solution dehumidification. This device significantly reduces the overall system energy consumption, fully embodying the concept of green environmental protection. By constructing a closed-loop circulation system through a dehumidifying liquid collection box, solution pump, and spray nozzles, it integrates the solution absorption during dehumidification and the solution concentration during regeneration into a single device. This avoids the parameter mismatch problem of two independent systems in traditional technologies. Simultaneously, the integrated design significantly reduces the equipment's footprint, making it particularly suitable for space-constrained underground structures such as subways, thus improving the feasibility of engineering applications. The temperature and humidity regulation mechanism, composed of a ring-shaped casing, humidifier inlet, through-holes, heating rod, thermostat, and spiral blades, allows for precise control of the humidity entering the device. The system monitors air temperature and humidity, and uses spiral blades to ensure thorough air mixing, avoiding the uneven air conditions found in traditional equipment. Furthermore, a turbulence mechanism composed of a gearbox, fixed rod, first bevel gear, first blade, second bevel gear, and second blade directs a uniform airflow to the evaporator and condenser, further enhancing heat and mass exchange between the air and the dehumidifying medium, ensuring stable and efficient dehumidification. A solution filtration mechanism, consisting of a collection hopper, conical filter, rotating rod, scraper, sleeve, spiral guide groove, slider, fixed ring, first spring, slide groove, insert block, second spring, and annular groove, effectively filters solvents. Impurities in the liquid are eliminated to prevent clogging of the nozzles or affecting the solution concentration. The scraper and conical filter work together to automatically clean the deposits on the filter in a timely manner, ensuring continuous and effective filtration and reducing manual maintenance costs. This design significantly improves the stability of system operation and extends the overall service life of the equipment. The baffle plate at the top of the tower, together with the bottom guide plate, flow hood and storage tank connection structure, can effectively prevent unvaporized water droplets from entering the core heat exchange area, avoiding interference with the heat and mass exchange process, further ensuring the stability and reliability of system operation, and ensuring that the device continues to work efficiently in the complex environment of underground buildings.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0008] A centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings includes two towers, one of which is used for dehumidifying the air and the other for regenerating the dehumidifying liquid.

[0009] A compression heat pump system is installed between the two towers to cool and heat the two towers respectively;

[0010] Each tower body is equipped with an air inlet pipe at the bottom, and each air inlet pipe is equipped with a temperature and humidity control mechanism to ensure stable air and humidity at the inlet.

[0011] Spray pipes are installed in the middle of the tower body, dehumidifying liquid collection boxes are installed at the bottom of the tower body, and solution pumps are installed on the outside of the tower body. The input end of the solution pump is connected to the inside of the dehumidifying liquid collection box, and the output end of the solution pump is connected to the spray pipe inside another tower body. A plate heat exchanger is installed between the output ends of the two sets of solution pumps.

[0012] The bottom of the tower body and above the dehumidifying liquid collection box are equipped with a solution filtration mechanism for filtering the dehumidifying solution.

[0013] A turbulence mechanism is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the tower body and at the inner end of the air inlet pipe to evenly transport the airflow discharged into the air inlet pipe upward.

[0014] The top of the tower is equipped with a water droplet collection mechanism to prevent unvaporized water droplets from entering the core heat exchange area.

[0015] Preferred: The compression heat pump system includes an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, and an expansion valve. The evaporator is installed in a tower for air dehumidification, and the condenser is installed in a tower for dehumidification liquid regeneration. The compressor and expansion valve are connected to the evaporator and condenser via pipes.

[0016] Preferably, the temperature and humidity regulating mechanism includes an annular cover, a humidifier inlet, a through hole, a heating rod, and a thermostat. The annular cover is installed over the front end of the air inlet pipe. The outer side of the air inlet pipe is evenly provided with through holes that communicate with the inside of the annular cover. The humidifier inlet is provided on the outer side of the annular cover. The heating rod is located in the middle of the inside of the air inlet pipe. The thermostat is installed on the outer side of the air inlet pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the temperature and humidity regulating mechanism further includes a spiral blade, which is fixed on the outside of the heating rod and the outside of the spiral blade is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air inlet pipe.

[0018] Preferably, the nozzle includes an outer annular pipe, an inner annular pipe, and a straight pipe. The outer annular pipe is horizontally arranged inside the tower body, and the inner annular pipe is concentrically arranged inside the outer annular pipe. A straight pipe connects the outer annular pipe and the inner annular pipe. Spray holes are provided at the bottom of both the outer annular pipe and the inner annular pipe. The output end of the solution pump is connected to the outer annular pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the water droplet collection mechanism includes a baffle plate, a flow guide, a flow deflector, and a storage tank. The baffle plate is installed on the inner top of the two tower bodies. Flow guides are provided inside the tower bodies and below the baffle plate. A flow deflector is provided between the top of the flow guide and the baffle plate. A storage tank is connected between the bottom ends of the two sets of flow guides via a pipe.

[0020] Preferably, the solution filtration mechanism includes a collection hopper, a conical filter screen, and a cleaning component. The collection hopper is located inside the tower body, and the conical filter screen is located at the middle position of the top of the collection hopper. The conical filter screen is located directly above the desiccant collection box, and the cleaning component is located on the outside of the conical filter screen.

[0021] Preferred: The cleaning assembly includes a rotating rod, a scraper, a sleeve, a spiral guide groove, a slider, and a lifting and resetting component. The scraper is attached to the surface of the conical filter screen. A rotating rod is vertically and rotatably installed at the middle position of the conical filter screen. The top end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the scraper. A sleeve is vertically fixed at the bottom inner end of the tower body. A spiral guide groove is opened on the outer side of the top end of the sleeve. A slider is slidably installed inside the spiral guide groove. The slider is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating rod. The collecting hopper is vertically and slidably connected to the inside of the tower body. The inside of the tower body is equipped with a lifting and resetting component to control the vertical movement of the collecting hopper according to the change in the amount of solution inside the collecting hopper.

[0022] Preferably, the lifting and resetting component includes a fixing ring, a first spring, a sliding groove, an insert block, a second spring, and an annular groove. The fixing ring is fixed to the inner bottom of the tower body. A first spring is fixed between the top of the fixing ring and the bottom of the collecting hopper. Sliding grooves are evenly opened circumferentially on the outer side of the collecting hopper. Insert blocks are slidably arranged inside the sliding grooves. A second spring is provided between the insert block and the inner end of the sliding groove. The end of the insert block near the collecting hopper is arc-shaped. An annular groove that cooperates with the insert block is opened on the outer side of the collecting hopper.

[0023] Preferably, the turbulence mechanism includes a gearbox, a fixed rod, a first bevel gear, a first blade, a second bevel gear, and a second blade. A fixed rod is fixed between the side of the gearbox and the inner wall of the tower. The first bevel gear is rotatably mounted on the top inner part of the gearbox. The first blade is mounted on the top of the first bevel gear via a rotating shaft. The first blade is located on the top of the gearbox. The second bevel gear is meshed with the side of the first bevel gear. The second blade is mounted on the side of the second bevel gear via a rotating shaft. The second blade is located at the inner end of the air intake pipe.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] This invention provides a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings, which, through a dual-tower design, is responsible for air dehumidification and dehumidifying liquid regeneration respectively. It is combined with a compression heat pump system consisting of an integrated evaporator, condenser, compressor, and expansion valve, as well as a plate heat exchanger, to construct a complete energy cycle closed loop. The heat pump system relies on phase change cycle to efficiently transfer heat, providing a stable cold and heat source for the dehumidification and regeneration process. The plate heat exchanger realizes heat recovery from low-temperature dilute solutions and high-temperature concentrated solutions, reducing energy waste. Compared with the high energy consumption of traditional air conditioning dehumidification and the low energy utilization rate of single solution dehumidification, this device significantly reduces the total energy consumption of the system and fully practices the concept of green environmental protection.

[0026] By constructing a closed-loop circulation system using a dehumidifying liquid collection box in conjunction with a solution pump and nozzle, the solution absorption during the dehumidification process and the solution concentration during the regeneration process are integrated into the same device. This avoids the parameter mismatch problem of two independent systems in traditional technologies. At the same time, the integrated design significantly reduces the equipment's footprint, making it particularly suitable for the space constraints of underground buildings such as subways, thus improving the feasibility of engineering applications.

[0027] The temperature and humidity control mechanism, consisting of an annular casing, humidifier inlet, through-hole, heating rod, thermostat, and spiral blades, can precisely regulate the temperature and humidity of the air entering the device. The spiral blades also ensure thorough mixing of the airflow, avoiding the problem of uneven air conditions in traditional equipment. Furthermore, the turbulence mechanism, consisting of a gearbox, fixed rod, first bevel gear, first blade, second bevel gear, and second blades, can directionally deliver uniform airflow to the evaporator and condenser, further enhancing the heat and mass exchange between the air and the dehumidifying medium, ensuring stable and efficient dehumidification.

[0028] The solution filtration mechanism, composed of a collection hopper, conical filter screen, rotating rod, scraper, sleeve, spiral guide groove, slider, fixing ring, first spring, slide groove, insert block, second spring, and annular groove, can effectively filter impurities in the solution, preventing clogging of the spray nozzle or affecting the solution concentration. The scraper, in conjunction with the conical filter screen, can automatically clean the deposits on the filter screen in a timely manner, ensuring continuous and effective filtration and reducing manual maintenance costs. This design significantly improves the stability of system operation and extends the overall service life of the equipment.

[0029] The baffle plate installed at the top of the tower, together with the bottom guide plate, flow hood and storage tank connection structure, can effectively prevent unvaporized water droplets from entering the core heat exchange area, avoid interference with the heat and mass exchange process, further ensure the stability and reliability of the system operation, and ensure that the device continues to work efficiently in the complex environment of underground buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a centralized dehumidification and ventilation device for underground buildings according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a front view of a preferred embodiment of a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the air inlet pipe in a preferred embodiment of a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a nozzle diagram of a preferred embodiment of a centralized dehumidification and ventilation device for underground buildings according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5This is a structural diagram of the bottom of the tower body in a preferred embodiment of a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a preferred embodiment of a centralized dehumidification and ventilation device for underground buildings according to the present invention. Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the sleeve and rotating rod separation in a preferred embodiment of a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a collection bucket diagram of a preferred embodiment of a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the turbulence mechanism in a preferred embodiment of a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating the heat utilization of the regeneration tower in a preferred embodiment of a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to the present invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Tower body; 2. Air inlet pipe;

[0041] 3. Temperature and humidity control mechanism; 301. Annular cover; 302. Humidifier inlet; 303. Through hole; 304. Heating rod; 305. Thermostat; 306. Spiral blades;

[0042] 4. Evaporator; 5. Condenser; 6. Compressor; 7. Expansion valve;

[0043] 8. Nozzle; 801. Outer annular pipe; 802. Inner annular pipe; 803. Straight pipe;

[0044] 9. Water baffle; 10. Dehumidifying liquid collection box; 11. Solution pump; 12. Plate heat exchanger; 13. Drainage hood; 14. Flow guide plate; 15. Storage tank;

[0045] 16. Solution filtration mechanism; 1601. Collection hopper; 1602. Conical filter screen; 1603. Rotating rod; 1604. Scraper; 1605. Sleeve; 1606. Spiral guide groove; 1607. Sliding block; 1608. Fixing ring; 1609. First spring; 1610. Slide groove; 1611. Insert block; 1612. Second spring; 1613. Annular groove;

[0046] 17. Aerodynamic spoiler; 1701. Gearbox; 1702. Fixed rod; 1703. First bevel gear; 1704. First blade; 1705. Second bevel gear; 1706. Second blade;

[0047] 18. Heat exchanger coil; 19. Air guide pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0049] Example 1: As Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings, including two towers 1, one tower 1 for dehumidifying the air and the other tower 1 for regenerating the dehumidifying liquid;

[0050] A compression heat pump system is installed between the two tower bodies 1 to cool and heat the two tower bodies 1 respectively;

[0051] Each tower body 1 is equipped with an air inlet pipe 2 at its bottom, and each air inlet pipe 2 is equipped with a temperature and humidity regulating mechanism 3 to ensure stable air and humidity at the inlet.

[0052] The dehumidifying liquid uses lithium bromide aqueous solution with a concentration range of 50%-60% (mass fraction). At this concentration, the moisture absorption capacity is strongest in an environment of 30-40℃. Therefore, the temperature and humidity control mechanism 3 stabilizes the inlet air temperature of the dehumidifying tower at 30-35℃ and the humidity at 60%-70%RH, which can match the optimal moisture absorption temperature of the lithium bromide solution and maximize the dehumidification efficiency. An integrated temperature and humidity sensor (sampling frequency 1Hz) is installed at the outlet of the inlet pipe 2 to provide real-time feedback of parameters. The gas temperature entering the regeneration tower through the inlet pipe 2 is set at 40-50℃ to balance heating efficiency and energy consumption. In conjunction with the heating of the condenser 5, the temperature inside the tower is stabilized at 60-70℃ to meet the evaporation requirements of the dilute solution. The relative humidity is set at 40%-50%RH to ensure that the inlet air has sufficient moisture absorption capacity. Combined with the high temperature environment after heating, the evaporation of water in the dilute solution is accelerated, allowing the solution to quickly recover to the optimal concentration of 50%-60%.

[0053] Lithium bromide solution is corrosive to metals (especially carbon steel), so parts that come into contact with the solution are made of copper alloy or 316L stainless steel, and the inner walls need to be passivated to extend the service life of the equipment.

[0054] A spray pipe 8 is installed in the middle of the interior of each tower body 1. A dehumidifying liquid collection box 10 is installed at the bottom of each tower body 1. A solution pump 11 is installed on the outside of each tower body 1. The input end of the solution pump 11 is connected to the interior of the dehumidifying liquid collection box 10. The output end of the solution pump 11 is connected to the spray pipe 8 inside another tower body 1. A plate heat exchanger 12 is installed between the output ends of the two sets of solution pumps 11. The cold end of the plate heat exchanger 12 is connected to the dilute solution pipeline, and the hot end is connected to the concentrated solution pipeline. Heat exchange is enhanced through the finned structure.

[0055] The bottom of the tower body 1 and above the dehumidifying liquid collection box 10 are equipped with a solution filtration mechanism 16 for filtering the dehumidifying solution.

[0056] A turbulence mechanism 17 is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the tower body 1 and at the inner end of the air inlet pipe 2 to uniformly transport the airflow discharged into the air inlet pipe 2 upward.

[0057] The inner top of the tower body 1 is equipped with a water droplet collection mechanism to prevent unvaporized water droplets from entering the core heat exchange area.

[0058] Overall working principle: After the device is started, the compression heat pump system runs first. The evaporator 4 lowers the temperature of the dehumidification tower, and the condenser 5 raises the temperature of the regeneration tower. External air enters the air inlet pipes 2 of the two tower bodies 1 in two separate ways. After being processed to the set temperature and humidity by the temperature and humidity regulating mechanism 3, it is evenly introduced into the middle of the tower body 1 by the turbulence mechanism 17.

[0059] In the dehumidification tower, the solution pump 11 pumps the regenerated concentrated solution (after heat exchange via plate heat exchanger 12) into the nozzle 8, where it comes into contact with the rising humid air, absorbs moisture from the air and becomes a dilute solution. The dilute solution falls and is filtered by the solution filtration mechanism 16 before entering the dehumidification liquid collection box 10. It is then extracted by the solution pump 11, heated by the plate heat exchanger 12, and sent into the regeneration tower nozzle 8.

[0060] In the regeneration tower, the dilute solution is sprayed through the nozzle 8 and comes into contact with the air heated by the condenser 5, releasing moisture and becoming a concentrated solution. The concentrated solution falls and is filtered by the solution filtration mechanism 16 before entering the dehumidification liquid collection box 10. It is then pumped out by the solution pump 11, cooled by the plate heat exchanger 12, and sent back to the dehumidification tower nozzle 8 to complete the solution circulation.

[0061] During the process, the water droplet collection mechanism at the top of tower 1 continuously intercepts unvaporized water droplets to avoid interfering with the heat and mass exchange process. The solution filtration mechanism 16 automatically cleans impurities to ensure the purity of the solution. Through the synergy of the two towers, the heat pump power supply, the solution circulation and multiple auxiliary mechanisms, the device achieves efficient dehumidification and energy recovery, adapting to the space and environmental requirements of underground buildings.

[0062] Example 2: The solution in Example 1 will be further described below with reference to its specific working method. See the description below for details:

[0063] In this embodiment, the compression heat pump system includes an evaporator 4, a condenser 5, a compressor 6, and an expansion valve 7. The evaporator 4 is installed in a tower body 1 for air dehumidification, and the condenser 5 is installed in a tower body 1 for dehumidification liquid regeneration. The compressor 6 and the expansion valve 7 are connected to the evaporator 4 and the condenser 5 through a pipe. The outlet of the evaporator 4 is connected to the suction port of the compressor 6 through a low-pressure pipe, and the exhaust port of the compressor 6 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 5 through a high-pressure pipe. The outlet of the condenser 5 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 4 after being throttled by the expansion valve 7, forming a closed loop. The pipe diameter is φ10-φ15mm (copper pipe material), the high-pressure section withstands ≥3MPa, and the low-pressure section withstands ≥1.5MPa.

[0064] Local working principle: The refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by the compressor 6, and enters the condenser 5 (located in the regeneration tower) to release heat, heating the air and solution inside the regeneration tower. Then, it is throttled and depressurized by the expansion valve 7 to become a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid, which enters the evaporator 4 (located in the dehumidification tower) to absorb heat, lowering the temperature inside the dehumidification tower. Finally, it flows back to the compressor 6 to complete the cycle. Through this process, the evaporator 4 provides a cold source for dehumidification, and the condenser 5 provides a heat source for regeneration, achieving efficient heat transfer. The heating temperature of the condenser 5 is 60-70℃ to ensure sufficient evaporation of moisture. The temperature of the concentrated solution at the outlet of the regeneration tower needs to be controlled at 50-55℃. After exchanging heat with the dilute solution (temperature 25-30℃) through the plate heat exchanger 12, the temperature drops to 35-40℃ before entering the dehumidification tower, improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0065] In this embodiment, the temperature and humidity regulating mechanism 3 includes an annular cover 301, a humidifier inlet 302, a through hole 303, a heating rod 304, and a thermostat 305. The annular cover 301 covers the front end of the air inlet pipe 2. The outer side of the air inlet pipe 2 is evenly provided with through holes 303 that communicate with the inside of the annular cover 301. The humidifier inlet 302 is provided on the outer side of the annular cover 301. The heating rod 304 is provided at the middle position inside the air inlet pipe 2. The thermostat 305 is installed on the outer side of the air inlet pipe 2.

[0066] Local working principle: When the intake air humidity is insufficient, the external humidification equipment introduces moisture into the annular cover 301 through the humidifier inlet 302. The moisture enters the intake pipe 2 through the through hole 303 and mixes with the main airflow. When the intake air temperature is low, the temperature controller 305 controls the heating rod 304 to be energized and heated to heat the airflow, so as to ensure that the air temperature and humidity entering the tower body 1 are uniform and stable.

[0067] In this embodiment, the temperature and humidity regulating mechanism 3 further includes a spiral blade 306, which is fixed on the outside of the heating rod 304, and the outside of the spiral blade 306 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 2.

[0068] Local working principle: The airflow flows along the spiral blade 306, prolonging the residence time of the airflow, so that the airflow is fully mixed with moisture and heat.

[0069] In this embodiment, the nozzle 8 includes an outer annular pipe 801, an inner annular pipe 802, and a straight pipe 803. The outer annular pipe 801 is horizontally arranged inside the tower body 1. The inner annular pipe 802 is concentrically arranged inside the outer annular pipe 801. The straight pipe 803 connects the outer annular pipe 801 and the inner annular pipe 802. Spray holes are provided at the bottom of both the outer annular pipe 801 and the inner annular pipe 802. The output end of the solution pump 11 is connected to the outer annular pipe 801.

[0070] Local working principle: The solution pumped by the solution pump 11 enters the outer ring pipe 801, and is diverted to the inner ring pipe 802 through the straight pipe 803. The spray holes at the bottom of the outer ring pipe 801 and the inner ring pipe 802 spray downwards synchronously, forming an annular spray area, which expands the contact area between the solution and the airflow and improves the heat and mass exchange efficiency.

[0071] In this embodiment, the water droplet collection mechanism includes a baffle plate 9, a flow guide 13, a flow deflector 14, and a storage tank 15. The baffle plate 9 is installed on the inner top of the two tower bodies 1. A flow guide 13 is provided inside the tower body 1 and below the baffle plate 9. A flow deflector 14 is provided between the top of the flow guide 13 and the baffle plate 9. The bottom ends of the two sets of flow guide 13 are connected to the storage tank 15 through a pipe.

[0072] Local working principle: Unvaporized water droplets inside tower 1 rise to the top with the airflow, are blocked by the baffle plate 9 and fall into the guide hood 13. The two sets of guide hoods 13 collect the water droplets into the storage tank 15 through pipes to prevent water droplets from adhering to the surface of evaporator 4 and condenser 5 and affecting the heat exchange effect. The guide plate 14 is used to guide the rising gas and ensure that the gas passes through the baffle plate 9 evenly.

[0073] In this embodiment, the solution filtration mechanism 16 includes a collection hopper 1601, a conical filter screen 1602, and a cleaning assembly. The collection hopper 1601 is located inside the tower body 1. The conical filter screen 1602 is located at the middle position of the top of the collection hopper 1601. The conical filter screen 1602 is located directly above the dehumidifying liquid collection box 10. The cleaning assembly is located on the outer side of the conical filter screen 1602.

[0074] Local working principle: The solution falls into the collection hopper 1601 and is filtered by the conical filter screen 1602. Impurities are intercepted on the surface of the filter screen. If the surface of the conical filter screen 1602 is clogged, the surface of the conical filter screen 1602 can be cleaned by the cleaning component to ensure the filtration effect.

[0075] In this embodiment, the cleaning assembly includes a rotating rod 1603, a scraper 1604, a sleeve 1605, a spiral guide groove 1606, a slider 1607, and a lifting and resetting component. The scraper 1604 is attached to the surface of the conical filter screen 1602. The rotating rod 1603 is vertically and rotatably installed at the middle position of the conical filter screen 1602. The top end of the rotating rod 1603 is fixedly connected to the scraper 1604. The sleeve 1605 is vertically fixed at the bottom inner end of the tower body 1. A spiral guide groove 1606 is provided on the outer side of the top end of the sleeve 1605. A slider 1607 is slidably arranged inside the spiral guide groove 1606. The slider 1607 is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating rod 1603. The collecting hopper 1601 is vertically and slidably connected to the inside of the tower body 1. The inside of the tower body 1 is provided with a lifting and resetting component to control the vertical movement of the collecting hopper 1601 according to the change of the solution volume inside the collecting hopper 1601.

[0076] Local working principle: The conical filter screen 1602 has a pore size of 50μm, and the scraper 1604 is made of food-grade silicone with a hardness of 60 Shore A. When the surface of the conical filter screen 1602 is blocked and the solution volume in the collection hopper 1601 increases beyond the set value, the lifting and resetting component releases the locking state of the collection hopper 1601. The collection hopper 1601 drives the rotating rod 1603 and the scraper 1604 to descend. During the downward movement of the rotating rod 1603, the slider 1607 on its outer side slides along the spiral guide groove 1606, thereby controlling the rotation of the rotating rod 1603 and the scraper 1604. This causes the scraper 1604 to rotate in contact with the surface of the conical filter screen 1602, automatically cleaning the impurities on the filter screen. After the impurities are cleaned, the solution in the collection hopper 1601 is quickly discharged, and the lifting and resetting component controls the collection hopper 1601 to move upward and reset.

[0077] In this embodiment, the lifting and resetting component includes a fixing ring 1608, a first spring 1609, a sliding groove 1610, an insert block 1611, a second spring 1612, and an annular groove 1613. The fixing ring 1608 is fixed to the inner bottom of the tower body 1. The first spring 1609 is fixed between the top of the fixing ring 1608 and the bottom of the collecting hopper 1601. The outer side of the collecting hopper 1601 is uniformly provided with sliding grooves 1610 along the circumference. Insert blocks 1611 are slidably arranged inside the sliding grooves 1610. The second spring 1612 is provided between the insert block 1611 and the inner end of the sliding groove 1610. The end of the insert block 1611 near the collecting hopper 1601 is arc-shaped. The outer side of the collecting hopper 1601 is provided with an annular groove 1613 that cooperates with the insert block 1611.

[0078] Local working principle: When the amount of solution in the collecting hopper 1601 increases, gravity overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 1609 and the resistance of the second spring 1612 to the collecting hopper 1601 through the insert block 1611, causing the collecting hopper 1601 to descend. The insert block 1611 retracts into the interior of the slide groove 1610. After the solution decreases, the first spring 1609 resets and pushes the collecting hopper 1601 to rise. The insert block 1611 re-inserts into the interior of the annular groove 1613 to position the collecting hopper 1601.

[0079] In this embodiment, the turbulence mechanism 17 includes a gearbox 1701, a fixed rod 1702, a first bevel gear 1703, a first blade 1704, a second bevel gear 1705, and a second blade 1706. The fixed rod 1702 is fixed between the side of the gearbox 1701 and the inner wall of the tower body 1. The first bevel gear 1703 is rotatably mounted on the inner top of the gearbox 1701. The first blade 1704 is mounted on the top of the first bevel gear 1703 via a rotating shaft. The first blade 1704 is located on the top of the gearbox 1701. The second bevel gear 1705 is meshed with the side of the first bevel gear 1703. The second blade 1706 is mounted on the side of the second bevel gear 1705 via a rotating shaft. The second blade 1706 is located at the inner end of the air intake pipe 2.

[0080] Local working principle: The airflow discharged from the air inlet pipe 2 impacts the second blade 1706, causing it to drive the second bevel gear 1705 to rotate. The second bevel gear 1705 meshes with the first bevel gear 1703, driving the first blade 1704 to rotate. The first blade 1704 horizontally stirs the airflow at the bottom of the tower body 1, while the second blade 1706 vertically guides the airflow at the outlet of the air inlet pipe 2. The two work together to evenly disperse the airflow and transport it upward, ensuring that the airflow and the spray solution are in full contact.

[0081] Example 3: The solutions in Examples 1 and 2 will be further described below with reference to their specific working methods. See the description below for details:

[0082] During operation, the two towers 1 perform air dehumidification and desiccant regeneration functions respectively. The tower 1 used for air dehumidification receives cooling energy from the evaporator 4 of the compression heat pump system to lower the temperature inside the tower and enhance the dehumidification effect; the tower 1 used for desiccant regeneration receives heat from the condenser 5 of the compression heat pump system to promote the evaporation and concentration of the dilute solution.

[0083] Before entering the tower body 1 through the air inlet pipe 2, the outside air is first processed by the temperature and humidity control mechanism 3. The annular cover 301 introduces humidifying gas through the humidifier inlet 302, which mixes with the airflow in the air inlet pipe 2 through the through hole 303. The heating rod 304 regulates the air temperature under the control of the temperature controller 305. The spiral blades 306 ensure that the airflow is fully mixed, so as to ensure that the temperature and humidity of the air entering the tower body 1 are stable.

[0084] The treated airflow enters the bottom of the tower body 1. The second blade 1706 of the turbulence mechanism 17 is driven to rotate by the airflow. Through the second bevel gear 1705 meshing with the first bevel gear 1703, it drives the first blade 1704 to rotate, and the airflow is evenly transported upward to the middle of the tower body 1. At this time, the outer annular pipe 801 and the inner annular pipe 802 of the nozzle 8 spray the dehumidification solution downward through the spray holes (the concentrated solution enters the dehumidification tower and the dilute solution enters the regeneration tower). It fully contacts the rising airflow to complete the heat and mass exchange. The moisture in the airflow in the dehumidification tower is absorbed by the concentrated solution, and the dilute solution in the regeneration tower is heated to release moisture to achieve regeneration.

[0085] After spraying, the solution falls to the solution filtration mechanism 16, the collection hopper 1601 collects the solution, and after filtering impurities through the conical filter screen 1602, it enters the dehumidification liquid collection box 10. The solution pump 11 extracts the solution in the dehumidification liquid collection box 10, and the heat is recovered through the plate heat exchanger 12 (heat exchange between low temperature dilute solution and high temperature concentrated solution), and then pumped into the nozzle 8 of another tower 1 to complete the circulation.

[0086] In the water droplet collection mechanism at the top of the tower 1, the baffle plate 9 blocks the unvaporized water droplets. The water droplets fall and are guided into the diversion hood 13, and finally collected in the storage tank 15. This prevents water droplets from entering the core heat exchange areas such as the evaporator 4 or condenser 5 and interfering with the operation. The entire system achieves efficient dehumidification and energy recycling through dual-tower synergy, heat pump power supply, solution circulation and multiple auxiliary mechanisms.

[0087] Example 4: Please refer to Figure 10 Based on Embodiment 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a heat exchange coil 18 is provided at the top of the tower body 1 where the condenser 5 is stored. The air inlet end of the heat exchange coil 18 extends to the outside of the tower body 1. The exhaust end of the heat exchange coil 18 is connected to a guide pipe 19. The bottom end of the guide pipe 19 is connected to the end of the air inlet pipe 2.

[0088] During the operation of the regeneration tower, the condenser 5 of the compression heat pump system continuously releases heat, maintaining the tower temperature at 60-70℃ to meet the regeneration requirements of the dilute solution. After being sprayed through the nozzle 8, the dilute solution comes into full contact with the air heated by the condenser 5, releasing moisture and becoming a concentrated solution. The air absorbs moisture from the dilute solution, forming a "high-temperature, low-humidity airflow" (temperature approximately 55-65℃, relative humidity ≤40%RH). This high-temperature, low-humidity airflow flows upwards along the interior of the regeneration tower, first passing through the baffle 9 to intercept unvaporized water droplets. The water droplets then flow through the guide plate 14 into the guide hood 13 and finally into the storage tank 15, ensuring that the airflow entering the subsequent areas is dry. The high-temperature airflow, after the water droplets have been removed, continues to flow upwards, reaching the heat exchange coil 18 area at the top of the tower body 1. Fresh air from the underground building (temperature approximately 25-30℃, relative humidity 60-70%RH) is then introduced into the main control system of the unit. The fan, which is linked to the heat exchange coil 18, is sent to the "inlet end" extending to the outside of the tower body 1. The air flows in a turbulent state inside the coil. At this time, the outside of the heat exchange coil 18 is high-temperature exhaust gas (55-65℃) rising from below, and the inside is low-temperature fresh air (25-30℃). The two exchange heat through the coil wall, raising the temperature of the fresh air to 35-40℃. At the same time, after the high-temperature exhaust gas releases heat, its temperature drops to 38-45℃ and is then discharged from the exhaust port at the top of the regeneration tower. This avoids energy waste and ambient temperature fluctuations caused by directly discharging high-temperature gas. The fresh air (35-40℃) preheated by the heat exchange coil 18 flows into the air guide pipe 19 from the "exhaust end" of the coil. At the connection point with the regeneration tower air inlet pipe 2, it merges into the original airflow in the air inlet pipe 2 and enters the temperature and humidity regulation mechanism 3 together. This can reduce the operating time of the heating rod 304 and reduce energy consumption.

[0089] The above description is merely a further embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and concept of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centralized dehumidification and air supply device for underground buildings, characterized in that: It includes two tower bodies (1), one tower body (1) is used for dehumidifying the air, and the other tower body (1) is used for regenerating the dehumidifying liquid; A compression heat pump system is provided between the two tower bodies (1) for cooling and heating the two tower bodies (1) respectively; The bottom of the tower body (1) is equipped with an air inlet pipe (2), and the air inlet pipe (2) is equipped with a temperature and humidity regulating mechanism (3) to ensure stable air and humidity at the inlet. A spray pipe (8) is installed in the middle of the tower body (1). A dehumidifying liquid collection box (10) is installed at the bottom of the tower body (1). A solution pump (11) is installed on the outside of the tower body (1). The input end of the solution pump (11) is connected to the inside of the dehumidifying liquid collection box (10). The output end of the solution pump (11) is connected to the spray pipe (8) inside the other tower body (1). A plate heat exchanger (12) is installed between the output ends of the two sets of solution pumps (11). The bottom of the tower body (1) and above the dehumidifying liquid collection box (10) are equipped with a solution filtration mechanism (16) for filtering the dehumidifying solution; A turbulence mechanism (17) is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the tower body (1) and at the inner end of the air inlet pipe (2) to uniformly transport the airflow discharged into the air inlet pipe (2) upward. The inner top of the tower body (1) is equipped with a water droplet collection mechanism to prevent unvaporized water droplets from entering the core heat exchange area; The compression heat pump system includes an evaporator (4), a condenser (5), a compressor (6) and an expansion valve (7). The evaporator (4) is installed in a tower body (1) for air dehumidification, and the condenser (5) is installed in a tower body (1) for dehumidification liquid regeneration. The compressor (6) and the expansion valve (7) are connected between the evaporator (4) and the condenser (5) by a pipe. The water droplet collection mechanism includes a baffle plate (9), a diversion hood (13), a guide plate (14), and a storage tank (15). The baffle plate (9) is installed on the inner top of the two tower bodies (1). A diversion hood (13) is provided inside the tower body (1) and below the baffle plate (9). A guide plate (14) is provided between the top of the diversion hood (13) and the baffle plate (9). The bottom ends of the two diversion hoods (13) are connected to the storage tank (15) by a pipe.

2. The centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity control mechanism (3) includes an annular cover (301), a humidifier inlet (302), a through hole (303), a heating rod (304), and a thermostat (305). The annular cover (301) covers the front end of the air inlet pipe (2). The outer side of the air inlet pipe (2) is evenly provided with through holes (303) that communicate with the inside of the annular cover (301). The outer side of the annular cover (301) is provided with a humidifier inlet (302). The heating rod (304) is provided in the middle position inside the air inlet pipe (2). The thermostat (305) is installed on the outer side of the air inlet pipe (2).

3. A centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity control mechanism (3) also includes a spiral blade (306), which is fixed on the outside of the heating rod (304), and the outside of the spiral blade (306) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air inlet pipe (2).

4. A centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (8) includes an outer ring pipe (801), an inner ring pipe (802) and a straight pipe (803). The outer ring pipe (801) is horizontally arranged inside the tower body (1). The inner ring pipe (802) is concentrically arranged inside the outer ring pipe (801). The straight pipe (803) connects the outer ring pipe (801) and the inner ring pipe (802). Spray holes are provided at the bottom of both the outer ring pipe (801) and the inner ring pipe (802). The output end of the solution pump (11) is connected to the outer ring pipe (801).

5. A centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solution filtration mechanism (16) includes a collection hopper (1601), a conical filter screen (1602), and a cleaning assembly. The collection hopper (1601) is located inside the tower body (1). The conical filter screen (1602) is located at the middle position of the top of the collection hopper (1601). The conical filter screen (1602) is located directly above the dehumidifying liquid collection box (10). The cleaning assembly is located on the outside of the conical filter screen (1602).

6. A centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly includes a rotating rod (1603), a scraper (1604), a sleeve (1605), a spiral guide groove (1606), a slider (1607), and a lifting and resetting component. The scraper (1604) is attached to the surface of the conical filter screen (1602). A rotating rod (1603) is vertically and rotatably installed at the middle position of the conical filter screen (1602). The top end of the rotating rod (1603) is fixedly connected to the scraper (1604). A sleeve (1605) is vertically fixed at the inner bottom end of the tower body (1). A spiral guide groove (1606) is provided on the outer side of the top of the 1605. A slider (1607) is slidably provided inside the spiral guide groove (1606). The slider (1607) is fixed at the bottom end of the rotating rod (1603). The collecting hopper (1601) is vertically slidably connected to the inside of the tower body (1). The inside of the tower body (1) is provided with a lifting and resetting component to control the vertical movement of the collecting hopper (1601) according to the change of the amount of solution inside the collecting hopper (1601).

7. A centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting and resetting component includes a fixing ring (1608), a first spring (1609), a sliding groove (1610), a plug (1611), a second spring (1612), and an annular groove (1613). The fixing ring (1608) is fixed to the inner bottom of the tower body (1). The first spring (1609) is fixed between the top of the fixing ring (1608) and the bottom of the collecting hopper (1601). The outer side of the collecting hopper (1601) is evenly provided with a sliding groove (1610) along the circumference. The plug (1611) is slidably provided inside the sliding groove (1610). The second spring (1612) is provided between the plug (1611) and the inner end of the sliding groove (1610). The end of the plug (1611) near the collecting hopper (1601) is arc-shaped. The outer side of the collecting hopper (1601) is provided with an annular groove (1613) that cooperates with the plug (1611).

8. A centralized dehumidification device for underground buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbulence mechanism (17) includes a gearbox (1701), a fixed rod (1702), a first bevel gear (1703), a first blade (1704), a second bevel gear (1705), and a second blade (1706). The fixed rod (1702) is fixed between the side of the gearbox (1701) and the inner wall of the tower body (1). The first bevel gear (1703) is rotatably mounted on the inner top of the gearbox (1701). The first blade (1704) is mounted on the top of the first bevel gear (1703) through a rotating shaft. The first blade (1704) is located on the top of the gearbox (1701). The second bevel gear (1705) is meshed on the side of the first bevel gear (1703). The second blade (1706) is mounted on the side of the second bevel gear (1705) through a rotating shaft. The second blade (1706) is located at the inner end of the air intake pipe (2).

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