Superconducting material compounded ultra-low temperature corrugated pipe structure for heat dissipation of quantum computer

Abstract

The invention relates to a superconducting material composite ultra-low temperature corrugated pipe structure for heat dissipation of a quantum computer, which comprises a corrugated pipe body, a sealing assembly is arranged on the corrugated pipe body, the sealing assembly comprises two cover rings which are oppositely arranged, clamping grooves are formed in the cover rings, a through hole for the corrugated pipe body to penetrate through is formed between the two cover rings in a splicing manner, and the corrugated pipe body is arranged in the through hole. A positioning assembly used for positioning is arranged between the two cover rings. When cracks are generated on the surface of the corrugated pipe body, the two cover rings are arranged on the outer side of the corrugated pipe body in a sleeving mode and are positioned through the positioning assemblies, the cracks are located in the clamping grooves, the areas, where the cracks are generated, of the corrugated pipe body are enclosed and sealed through the two cover rings, and therefore the situation that the vacuum degree is reduced due to the fact that external air permeates into the cracks is avoided; the influence on the efficient heat conduction path of the corrugated pipe body is reduced, corrosion to superconducting materials on the surface of the corrugated pipe body is reduced, and the service life of the corrugated pipe body is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bellows, and in particular to an ultra-low temperature bellows structure for heat dissipation of quantum computers using superconducting composite materials. Background Technology

[0002] As a representative of the next generation of computing technology, quantum computers require their core computing unit—superconducting qubits—to operate in an extremely low-temperature environment to maintain the coherence of quantum states. However, with the increase in the number of qubits and the improvement of computing speed, heat dissipation has become a key bottleneck restricting the performance improvement of quantum computers.

[0003] In the field of quantum computer heat dissipation, bellows are a key component for achieving efficient thermal management. Superconducting materials, due to their properties such as zero resistance and perfect diamagnetism below the critical temperature, can theoretically serve as an ideal medium for ultra-low temperature heat conduction. However, bellows made of a single superconducting material (such as Nb or NbTi) have significant defects in practical applications: the thermal conductivity changes abnormally in the superconducting state (such as dropping to 1 / 100 of the room temperature value at 100 mK), which instead forms a thermal resistance bottleneck.

[0004] To overcome these limitations, researchers have developed a method of combining superconducting materials with high thermal conductivity non-superconducting materials (such as oxygen-free copper and silver alloys). This approach leverages the low-temperature stability of superconducting materials while utilizing the high thermal conductivity of conventional metals to achieve a balance between thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. For example, a sandwich structure of "superconducting layer-buffer layer-thermal conductive layer" can be used. Through physical vapor deposition (PVD) or explosive welding processes, atomic-level bonding can be formed between different material layers, reducing interfacial thermal resistance.

[0005] However, the metallurgical compatibility between superconducting materials and conventional metals is poor during the welding process, which easily leads to the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds. When the bellows is subjected to mechanical stress, it is prone to brittle fracture and cracks at stress concentration points such as folds. The low-temperature system of quantum computers is usually in a high-vacuum environment. Cracks can cause outside air to seep in, reducing the vacuum level. Water vapor, oxygen and other gases in the air will condense on the low-temperature surface and form a thermal resistance layer, blocking the original efficient heat conduction path of the metal bellows. At the same time, it may corrode the surface of the superconducting material, which needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a superconducting composite material for a low-temperature bellows structure used in quantum computers for heat dissipation.

[0007] This application provides a superconducting composite material for a low-temperature bellows structure for heat dissipation in quantum computers, employing the following technical solution:

[0008] A superconducting composite ultra-low temperature bellows structure for heat dissipation in quantum computers includes a bellows body, a sealing assembly on the bellows body, and two opposing cover rings. Each cover ring has a slot for a protrusion on the bellows body to be inserted into. A through hole for the bellows body to pass through is formed between the two cover rings. The through hole communicates with the slot. A positioning assembly for positioning is provided between the two cover rings.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when cracks occur on the surface of the bellows body, two cover rings are fitted onto the outside of the bellows body and positioned by a positioning component, so that the bellows body has a through hole. The protrusions on the bellows body located around the crack are inserted into the slot, so that the crack is located in the slot. The two cover rings enclose and seal the area where the crack occurs on the bellows body, thereby preventing outside air from seeping into the crack and causing a decrease in vacuum, reducing the impact on the efficient heat conduction path of the bellows body, and reducing the corrosion of the superconducting material on the surface of the bellows body, which is conducive to extending the service life of the bellows body.

[0010] Optionally, the positioning component includes a slide rod slidably connected to the cover ring, a connecting rod on the slide rod, a plug on the connecting rod, and a locking member threadedly connected to the slide rod. The sliding direction of the slide rod is parallel to the through direction of the through hole. The connecting rod and the locking member are located on both sides of the cover ring. The plug is located on the side of the connecting rod closer to the cover ring. The cover ring has a slot for the plug to be inserted.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, after the two cover rings are sleeved on the outside of the corrugated pipe body and spliced ​​together, the slide rod is moved so that the insert block is inserted into the slot. Then the locking part is twisted so that the locking part and the connecting rod are pressed against the cover ring, thus positioning the insert block. The two cover rings can be positioned by the insert block abutting against the inner wall of the slot. The operation is simple.

[0012] Optionally, the cover ring includes an arc-shaped plate and two abutment plates detachably connected to the arc-shaped plate. The slot is formed by splicing the arc-shaped plate and the two abutment plates. The through hole is formed by splicing the two abutment plates on the cover ring. The slide rod is slidably connected to the arc-shaped plate. The abutment plates are used to engage with the recesses on the corrugated pipe body.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the two abutment plates can be disassembled and assembled according to the size of the area to be sealed on the corrugated pipe body and the corrugation spacing on the corrugated pipe body, so as to adjust the size of the slot, making the sealing component adaptable to different corrugated pipes and improving the applicability of the sealing component.

[0014] Optionally, the arc-shaped plate has a plurality of mounting grooves on the side near the abutment plate. The plurality of mounting grooves are distributed along the through-hole direction, and one end of the mounting groove passes through the arc-shaped plate. The abutment plate includes an abutment portion and a connecting portion provided on the abutment portion. The slot is formed by splicing the arc-shaped plate and two abutment portions. The mounting groove allows the connecting portion to slide and engage. When the connecting portion engages in the mounting groove and abuts against the inner wall of the mounting groove, the sliding rod abuts against the side of the connecting portion away from the inner wall of the mounting groove.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to adjust the size of the slot, twist the locking part to remove it from the slide rod, then move the slide rod to disengage it from the arc plate, then move the abutment part to disengage the connecting part from the mounting groove, then move the abutment part again to slide the connecting part into the corresponding mounting groove until the connecting part abuts against the inner wall of the mounting groove, then pass the slide rod through the arc plate, and the abutment plate is positioned on the arc plate by the slide rod abutting against the connecting part, thus completing the adjustment of the slot size. The operation is simple.

[0016] Optionally, the abutment plate has an elastic strip on the side away from the slot, and the elastic strip is arranged along the outer periphery of the through hole.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution and setting an elastic strip, when the abutment plate is inserted into the recess on the corrugated pipe body, the elastic strip will press against the outer side wall of the adjacent protrusion on the corrugated pipe body, thereby improving the sealing of the area formed by the two cover rings and the corrugated pipe body, and further reducing the infiltration of external air into the crack.

[0018] Optionally, the length direction of the cross-section of the elastic strip cut radially along the through hole is perpendicular to the surface of the abutment plate, and the length-to-width ratio of the cross-section of the elastic strip cut radially along the through hole is greater than 2.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the abutment plate is inserted into the recess on the corrugated pipe body, the elastic strip bends under the pressure of the abutment plate. This reduces the possibility of the elastic strip getting stuck on the cover ring due to frictional resistance between it and the protrusion on the corrugated pipe body, thus preventing the two cover rings from fitting together for positioning, while ensuring the sealing of the area formed by the two cover rings and the corrugated pipe body.

[0020] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0021] 1. When cracks appear on the surface of the bellows body, two cover rings are placed on the outside of the bellows body and positioned by the positioning component, so that the crack is located in the slot. The two cover rings enclose and seal the area where the crack appears on the bellows body, thereby preventing outside air from seeping into the crack and causing a decrease in vacuum, reducing the impact on the efficient heat conduction path of the bellows body, and reducing the corrosion of the superconducting material on the surface of the bellows body, which is conducive to extending the service life of the bellows body.

[0022] 2. The two abutment plates can be disassembled and assembled according to the size of the area to be sealed on the corrugated pipe body and the corrugation spacing on the corrugated pipe body to adjust the size of the slot, so that the sealing component can be adapted to different corrugated pipes, thus improving the applicability of the sealing component.

[0023] 3. The slide bar can move to engage the insert block into the slot to position the two cover rings. It can also be used to disassemble and assemble the abutment plate by moving the slide bar, thus having multiple functions. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of this application, mainly showing the structure of the through hole.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of this application, mainly showing the structure of the card slot and positioning component.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of this application, mainly showing the structure of the connecting part.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The enlarged view of section A mainly shows the structure of the elastic strip.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Corrugated pipe body; 2. Enclosure assembly; 21. Cover ring; 211. Arc plate; 2111. Mounting groove; 2112. Slot; 212. Abutting plate; 2121. Abutting part; 2122. Connecting part; 3. Slot; 4. Through hole; 5. Elastic strip; 6. Positioning assembly; 61. Slide rod; 62. Connecting rod; 63. Insert block; 64. Locking element. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0032] This application discloses a superconducting composite material ultra-low temperature bellows structure for heat dissipation in quantum computers. See also... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The ultra-low temperature bellows structure for heat dissipation of quantum computers using superconducting materials includes a bellows body 1, a sealing component 2 on the bellows body 1, and two opposing rings 21 on the sealing component 2. Each ring 21 includes an arc plate 211 and two abutment plates 212. The cross-section of the arc plate 211 is semi-circular. Several mounting grooves 2111 are formed on the outer wall of the arc plate 211. The mounting grooves 2111 are located on the side of the arc plate 211 close to the bellows body 1 and are evenly spaced along the length of the bellows body 1. The same end of the mounting grooves 2111 all penetrates the arc plate 211. In this embodiment, the mounting grooves 2111 are dovetail grooves.

[0033] See Figures 1-4 Both abutment plates 212 are located on the side of the arc-shaped plate 211 near the mounting groove 2111 and are spaced apart. Each abutment plate 212 includes an abutment portion 2121 and a connecting portion 2122. The abutment portion 2121 is arranged in a semi-circular shape and is used to engage with the recess on the corrugated pipe body 1. The connecting portion 2122 is fixed to the side of the abutment portion 2121 near the arc-shaped plate 211. The mounting groove 2111 allows the connecting portion 2122 to slide and engage. When the connecting portion 2122 engages in the mounting groove 2111... The arc plate 211 and the two abutment parts 2121 are spliced ​​together to form a groove 3. The groove 3 is used to insert the protrusion on the corrugated pipe body 1. The protrusion referred to here is not just one protrusion, but may be multiple protrusions. The abutment parts 2121 on the two cover rings are spliced ​​together to form a through hole 4 for the corrugated pipe body 1 to pass through. The through hole 4 is connected to the groove 3, and the through direction of the through hole 4 is parallel to the length direction of the corrugated pipe body 1. In this embodiment, the connecting part 2122 is a dovetail block that cooperates with the mounting groove 2111.

[0034] See Figures 1-6 Each abutment 2121 has an elastic strip 5 fixed on the side away from the slot 3. The length of the elastic strip 5 is set along the outer periphery of the through hole 4. The length direction of the cross section of the elastic strip 5 cut radially along the through hole 4 is perpendicular to the surface of the abutment 2121. The ratio of the length to the width of the cross section of the elastic strip 5 cut radially along the through hole 4 is greater than 2. In this embodiment, the material of the elastic strip 5 is rubber.

[0035] See Figures 1-6A positioning component 6 is provided between the two cover rings 21. The positioning component 6 includes a slide rod 61, a connecting rod 62, a plug block 63, and a locking member 64. The slide rod 61 passes through the arc plate 211 and slides on the arc plate 211. The sliding direction of the slide rod 61 is parallel to the through direction of the through hole 4. When the connecting part 2122 is inserted into the mounting groove 2111 and abuts against the inner wall of the mounting groove 2111, the slide rod 61 abuts against the side of the connecting part 2122 away from the inner wall of the mounting groove 2111. The abutting plate 212 is detachably connected to the arc plate 211 through the cooperation between the mounting groove 2111 and the slide rod 61.

[0036] See Figures 1-6 The connecting rod 62 and the locking member 64 are located on both sides of the arc plate 211. One end of the connecting rod 62 and the slide rod 61 are fixedly connected. The locking member 64 is threadedly connected to the slide rod 61. The insert 63 is fixed to the side of the connecting rod 62 near the cover ring 21. The outer wall of the arc plate 211 is provided with a slot 2112 for the insert 63 to be inserted. The slot 2112 is located on the side of the through hole 4 away from the slide rod 61. In this embodiment, the locking member 64 is a locking block. The locking block is provided with a threaded hole for threaded connection with the slide rod 61.

[0037] In practical use, after the two cover rings 21 are fitted onto the outside of the bellows body 1 and spliced ​​together, the slide rod 61 is moved so that the insert 63 is inserted into the slot 2112 on the other cover ring 21. Then, the locking member 64 is twisted so that the locking member 64 and the connecting rod 62 are pressed against the cover ring 21, thus positioning the insert 63. The two cover rings 21 are positioned by the insert 63 abutting against the inner wall of the slot 2112. When it is necessary to remove the cover ring 21, the locking member 64 is twisted so that the locking member 64 is disengaged from the slide rod 61. Then, the slide rod 61 is moved so that the insert 63 is disengaged from the slot 2112, thus releasing the positioning state between the two cover rings 21 and removing the cover ring 21 from the bellows body 1.

[0038] When it is necessary to adjust the size of the slot 3, twist the locking member 64 to remove the locking member 64 from the slide rod 61, then move the slide rod 61 to disengage it from the arc plate 211, then move the abutment part 2121 to move the connecting part 2122 away from the mounting groove 2111, then move the abutment part 2121 again to slide the connecting part 2122 into the corresponding mounting groove 2111 until the connecting part 2122 abuts against the inner wall of the mounting groove 2111, then pass the slide rod 61 through the arc plate 211, and the abutment plate 212 is positioned on the arc plate 211 by the slide rod 61 abutting against the connecting part 2122, thus completing the adjustment of the size of the slot 3.

[0039] The implementation principle of the ultra-low temperature bellows structure for heat dissipation of a quantum computer using superconducting material composites in this application is as follows:

[0040] When cracks appear on the surface of the bellows body 1, two cover rings 21 are fitted onto the outside of the bellows body 1 and positioned by the positioning component 6, so that the bellows body 1 passes through the through hole 4. The protrusions on the bellows body 1 located around the crack are inserted into the slot 3, so that the crack is located in the slot 3. The two cover rings 21 enclose and seal the area where the crack appears on the bellows body 1, thereby preventing the outside air from seeping into the crack and causing a decrease in vacuum, reducing the impact on the efficient heat conduction path of the bellows body 1, and reducing the corrosion of the superconducting material on the surface of the bellows body 1, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the bellows body 1.

[0041] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A superconducting composite ultra-low temperature bellows structure for heat dissipation in quantum computers, comprising a bellows body (1), characterized in that: The corrugated pipe body (1) is provided with a sealing component (2), which includes two opposing cover rings (21). The cover rings (21) are provided with a slot (3) for the corrugated pipe body (1) to be inserted. The two cover rings (21) are spliced ​​together to form a through hole (4) for the corrugated pipe body (1) to pass through. The through hole (4) and the slot (3) are connected. A positioning component (6) for positioning is provided between the two cover rings (21).

2. The ultra-low temperature bellows structure for heat dissipation of quantum computers using superconducting composite materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning component (6) includes a slide rod (61) slidably connected to the cover ring (21), a connecting rod (62) provided on the slide rod (61), an insert (63) provided on the connecting rod (62), and a locking member (64) threadedly connected to the slide rod (61). The sliding direction of the slide rod (61) is parallel to the through direction of the through hole (4). The connecting rod (62) and the locking member (64) are located on both sides of the cover ring (21). The insert (63) is located on the side of the connecting rod (62) closer to the cover ring (21). The cover ring (21) has a slot (2112) for the insert (63) to be inserted.

3. The ultra-low temperature bellows structure for heat dissipation of quantum computers using superconducting composite materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cover ring (21) includes an arc plate (211) and two abutment plates (212) detachably connected to the arc plate (211). The slot (3) is formed by splicing the arc plate (211) and the two abutment plates (212). The through hole (4) is formed by splicing the two abutment plates (212) on the cover ring (21). The slide rod (61) is slidably connected to the arc plate (211). The abutment plate (212) is used to be inserted into the recess on the corrugated pipe body (1).

4. The ultra-low temperature bellows structure for heat dissipation of quantum computers using superconducting material composites according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped plate (211) has a plurality of mounting grooves (2111) on the side near the abutment plate (212). The plurality of mounting grooves (2111) are distributed along the through-hole (4) and one end of the mounting groove (2111) penetrates the arc-shaped plate (211). The abutment plate (212) includes an abutment portion (2121) and a connecting portion (2122) provided on the abutment portion (2121). The slot (3) The mounting groove (2111) is formed by splicing the arc plate (2111) and the two abutting parts (2121). The mounting groove (2111) is for the connecting part (2122) to slide and engage. When the connecting part (2122) is engaged in the mounting groove (2111) and abuts against the inner wall of the mounting groove (2111), the sliding rod (61) abuts against the side of the connecting part (2122) away from the inner wall of the mounting groove (2111).

5. The ultra-low temperature bellows structure for heat dissipation of quantum computers using superconducting materials as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The abutment plate (212) is provided with an elastic strip (5) on the side away from the slot (3), and the elastic strip (5) is arranged along the outer periphery of the through hole (4).

6. The ultra-low temperature bellows structure for heat dissipation of quantum computers using superconducting material composites according to claim 5, characterized in that: The length direction of the cross section of the elastic strip (5) cut radially along the through hole (4) is perpendicular to the surface of the abutment plate (212), and the ratio of the length to the width of the cross section of the elastic strip (5) cut radially along the through hole (4) is greater than 2.

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