A charged insulator optical fiber pollution real-time on-line monitoring device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of real-time on-line monitoring devices of live insulator optical fiber pollution, it is related to live insulator pollution monitoring technical field, including casing, the lower end of the casing is fixedly installed with C clamp, the upper end outside of the casing is provided with sensor support assembly, and quartz rod optical fiber is installed in sensor support assembly, the end of the quartz rod optical fiber is installed with laser assembly, the upper of the casing is provided with solar charging panel, and the lower end of solar charging panel is provided with guide disc seat by inclined rotating component, the lower side inner wall of the casing is fixedly installed with lithium battery, drive motor and pivot support, and drive shaft is rotatably installed in the pivot support.The device can be applied to the scene of less light time, the light angle is much larger than the stable installation angle of device, so that solar panel cannot be well lighted, and can be well adapted to the forestry area and other harsh environments of lush and more falling leaves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pollution monitoring technology for live insulators, specifically to a real-time online monitoring device for fiber optic pollution of live insulators. Background Technology

[0002] Airborne particles, carried by airflow, settle on the surface of insulators, accumulating into a layer of contaminants over time. In humid weather conditions such as rain, snow, dew, or frost, this contaminant easily deliquesces, weakening the insulator's insulation performance and reducing it to the critical voltage level, making it unable to withstand operating voltage. This can lead to insulator flashover accidents, causing prolonged and large-scale power outages, posing a serious threat to the safe operation of the power system. Contamination accumulation is a prerequisite for insulator flashover; therefore, effectively detecting the surface contamination of insulators and carrying out appropriate decontamination work is one of the important measures for pollution prevention and flashover protection of transmission lines.

[0003] Currently, quantitative detection of insulator surface contamination mainly relies on manual measurement, leakage current, and surface contaminant conductivity. Manual measurement is labor-intensive, costly, and dangerous. Leakage current detection is limited by factors such as relative humidity and contaminant quantity, making real-time monitoring of surface contamination impossible. Surface contaminant conductivity measurements are performed at low voltages, failing to characterize contaminant changes under high-voltage conditions, and the insulator shape factor is only an approximation. In recent years, fiber optic technology has gradually developed in the field of insulator contamination detection. It indirectly obtains the salt and dust density of surface deposits based on their impact on light energy loss, offering advantages such as electromagnetic insulation resistance and resistance to high and low temperatures, making it suitable for use in outdoor overhead line insulators.

[0004] However, in current real-time monitoring devices for fiber optic pollution, the angle of the solar panel is fixed relative to the device and cannot be adjusted once the device is mounted on the angle iron. The angle of sunlight, depending on the geographical location of the installation, is crucial for the solar panel's energy storage, as it ensures sufficient illumination of the solar panel's surface. Furthermore, the optical fiber itself is exposed to the atmosphere, and in actual use, it is easily blocked by falling branches and leaves. Continuous obstruction of the fiber surface significantly affects the monitoring structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a real-time online monitoring device for fiber optic pollution of charged insulators, which can effectively solve the problems of the prior art.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0009] This invention discloses a real-time online monitoring device for fiber optic pollution of charged insulators, comprising a housing, a C-shaped clamp fixedly installed at the lower end of the housing, a sensor support assembly disposed on the outer side of the upper end of the housing, and a quartz rod optical fiber installed inside the sensor support assembly, with a laser component installed at the end of the quartz rod optical fiber, a solar charging panel disposed on the top of the housing, and a guide plate seat disposed at the lower end of the solar charging panel via an inclined rotating assembly, a lithium battery, a drive motor, and a rotating shaft bracket fixedly installed on the lower inner wall of the housing, a drive shaft rotatably mounted inside the rotating shaft bracket, and the lower end of the drive shaft being fixed to the output end of the drive motor. The connection includes a shaft support fixedly connected inside the housing, and a central shaft seat fixedly connected at the center of the fixed ball seat. The central shaft seat is movably sleeved on the drive shaft. A turntable and a central gear are rotatably mounted at the upper and lower ends of the central shaft seat, respectively. The turntable and the central gear are transmitted to the drive shaft through a movable shaft key assembly. A guide shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the turntable. A top plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing, and an eaves plate is provided above the top plate. The eaves plate is connected to the central gear through a transmission assembly. A lever is symmetrically welded to both ends of the eaves plate. A protective rubber cover is provided between the top plate and the solar charging panel through a clamping assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the sensor support assembly includes four sets of mounting seats welded in a ring array to the outer wall of the housing, a bottom frame fixedly mounted on the upper end of the mounting seats by screws, and a top frame fixedly mounted on the upper end of the bottom frame by screws. The bottom frame and the top frame are symmetrically provided with fiber optic slots for mounting quartz rod optical fibers. The assembly also includes sealing sleeves disposed at the notch sections of the bottom frame and the top frame, and the sealing sleeves wrap around the quartz rod optical fibers, as well as sealing gaskets disposed on the inner and outer sides of the bottom frame and the top frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the tilting and rotating assembly includes a charging panel bracket fixedly connected to the lower end of the solar charging panel and two sets of positioning ring seats fixedly installed inside the housing. A movable ball is fixedly connected to the lower end of the charging panel bracket. Ring seat brackets are arranged in a circular array on the inner side of both sets of positioning ring seats, and a fixed ball seat is fixedly connected to the inner end of the ring seat bracket. The two sets of fixed ball seats fit together and wrap around the upper and lower sides of the movable ball. The lower end of the movable ball is fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide plate seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the charging plate bracket is inclined, the annular array spacing of the charging plate bracket decreases from top to bottom, the two sets of positioning ring seats are arranged in parallel, and the outer diameter of the positioning ring seat is adapted to the inner diameter of the housing. The ring seat bracket is inclined inward and converges inward. The ring seat brackets on the two sets of positioning ring seats are arranged symmetrically. The inner diameter of the fixed ball seat is adapted to the outer diameter of the movable ball, and the movable ball rotates within the two sets of fixed ball seats.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable key assembly includes inward keyways formed on the upper and lower sides of the drive shaft, with the two sets of inward keyways facing opposite directions; a positioning shaft rotatably mounted within the two sets of inward keyways; and a key fixedly mounted on the upper ends of the two sets of positioning shafts. It also includes torsion springs sleeved on the two sets of positioning shafts, with both ends of the torsion springs connected to the inner wall of the inward keyway and the key, respectively; and outward keyways formed in the inner holes of the turntable and the central gear, with the two sets of outward keyways facing opposite directions.

[0014] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a transverse rotating shaft rotatably mounted between the central shaft seat and the inner wall of the housing, with first gears symmetrically fixedly mounted at both ends of the transverse rotating shaft, the first gears meshing with the central gear; and a vertical rotating shaft symmetrically rotatably mounted in the inner walls of both sides of the housing, with a second gear fixedly mounted at the lower end of the vertical rotating shaft, the second gear meshing with the first gear; the upper end of the vertical rotating shaft passes through the top plate and is positioned above it; and also includes a transmission gear fixedly mounted at the upper end of the vertical rotating shaft, and a gear ring rotatably mounted at the upper end of the top plate, the gear ring meshing with the transmission gear; the eaves plate is disposed at the upper end of the gear ring.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper end of the top plate has equidistantly installed balls in the rotating groove for the rotation of the toothed ring, the surface of the toothed ring has a guide rail adapted to the balls, the diameter of the eaves plate is larger than the diameter of the top plate, and the outer edge of the eaves plate is inclined.

[0016] Furthermore, the lever is integrally bent from a cylindrical steel wire, the end surface of the lever is spherical, and the lever is located outside the mounting base and sensor bracket assembly.

[0017] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes limiting protrusions fixedly disposed on the upper end of the top plate and the lower end of the solar charging panel, and fixing pressure rings fixedly installed on the two sets of limiting protrusions. Connecting pads are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the protective cover, and the outer diameter of the connecting pads is adapted to the inner diameter of the limiting protrusions. The two sets of connecting pads are respectively attached to the two sets of limiting protrusions, and the fixing pressure rings clamp the edges of the connecting pads to the inner side of the limiting protrusions.

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0019] Compared with the known prior art, the technical solution provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This device controls the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor to adjust the tilt angle of the solar charging panel and the rotation of the drive lever around the sensor support assembly. This allows the device to adjust the angle of the solar charging panel's light-receiving surface in real time according to the sunlight angle of the area where the device is installed and its movement position, ensuring sufficient energy storage during the day. Simultaneously, the rotation of the protective cover can knock down large branches and leaves obstructing the exposed parts of the quartz rod and optical fiber, preventing these non-naturally falling branches and leaves from adhering to the quartz rod and optical fiber for extended periods and affecting the monitoring structure without affecting the monitoring effect. Therefore, this device can be applied to various special scenarios where sunlight duration is limited, the sunlight angle is much larger than the stable installation angle of the device, and the solar panel cannot receive sufficient sunlight. It is also well-suited for harsh environments such as forestry areas with dense foliage and abundant fallen leaves. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a rear view diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sensor support assembly in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the bottom frame shell in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tilting and rotating assembly in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component in this invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at the central bearing in this invention;

[0030] Figure 9This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drive shaft in this invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft in this invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the upper side of the movable shaft key assembly in this invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the lower side of the movable key assembly in this invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the separated state structure of the top plate and the toothed ring in this invention;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the clamping component in this invention.

[0036] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Housing; 2. C-clamp; 3. Mounting base; 4. Bottom frame; 5. Top frame; 6. Fiber optic channel; 7. Quartz rod fiber optic cable; 8. Laser assembly; 9. Sealing sleeve; 10. Sealing gasket; 11. Solar charging panel; 12. Lithium battery; 13. Charging panel bracket; 14. Movable ball; 15. Positioning ring seat; 16. Ring seat bracket; 17. Fixed ball seat; 18. Guide plate seat; 19. Drive motor; 20. Rotary shaft bracket; 21. Drive shaft; 22. Inner keyway. 23. Positioning shaft; 24. Shaft key; 25. Torsion spring; 26. Central shaft seat; 27. Shaft seat bracket; 28. Turntable; 29. ​​Guide shaft; 30. Annular guide groove; 31. Central gear; 32. Outward keyway; 33. Horizontal rotating shaft; 34. First gear; 35. Vertical rotating shaft; 36. Second gear; 37. Top plate; 38. Transmission gear; 39. Gear ring; 40. Eaves plate; 41. Ball bearing; 42. Lever; 43. Protective rubber cover; 44. Connecting gasket; 45. Limiting protrusion; 46. Fixing pressure ring. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Please see Figures 1-10This invention provides an embodiment of a real-time online monitoring device for fiber optic pollution of charged insulators, comprising a housing 1, a C-shaped clamp 2 fixedly mounted at the lower end of the housing 1, a sensor support assembly disposed on the outer side of the upper end of the housing 1, and a quartz rod optical fiber 7 installed inside the sensor support assembly, with a laser assembly 8 installed at the end of the quartz rod optical fiber 7, a solar charging panel 11 disposed above the housing 1, and a guide plate seat 18 disposed at the lower end of the solar charging panel 11 via an inclined rotating assembly, a lithium battery 12, a drive motor 19, and a rotating shaft bracket 20 fixedly mounted on the lower inner wall of the housing 1, a drive shaft 21 rotatably mounted inside the rotating shaft bracket 20, and the lower end of the drive shaft 21 fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 19, and a shaft seat bracket 27 fixedly connected inside the housing 1. A central shaft seat 26 is fixedly connected to the center of the fixed ball seat 17. The central shaft seat 26 is movably sleeved on the drive shaft 21. A turntable 28 and a central gear 31 are rotatably mounted on the upper and lower ends of the central shaft seat 26, respectively. The turntable 28 and the central gear 31 are transmitted to the drive shaft 21 through a movable shaft key assembly. A guide shaft rod 29 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the turntable 28. An annular guide groove 30 adapted to the guide shaft rod 29 is opened at the lower end of the guide plate seat 18. A top plate 37 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing 1. An eaves plate 40 is provided above the top plate 37. The eaves plate 40 is connected to the central gear 31 through a transmission assembly. A lever 42 is symmetrically welded to both ends of the eaves plate 40. A protective cover 43 is provided between the top plate 37 and the solar charging panel 11 through a clamping assembly.

[0039] The housing 1 houses basic sensors and connection lines, as well as control equipment, including a 5G wireless network communication module and a charging control circuit. The laser assembly 8 consists of a laser emitter and a laser receiver. The laser emitter and laser receiver are connected to both ends of the quartz rod fiber 7 via connectors and self-focusing lenses, respectively. The laser emitter emits light signals that pass through the self-focusing lens into the quartz rod fiber 7 and are received by the laser receiver at the other end. The laser receiver converts the light signals into electrical signals and transmits them to a remote server using the wireless network communication module.

[0040] The upper end surface of the guide shaft 29 is spherical, and the annular guide groove 30 at the lower end of the guide plate seat 18 is adapted to the upper end surface of the guide shaft 29. The upper end of the guide shaft 29 is placed in the annular guide groove 30 at the lower end of the guide plate seat 18. When the guide shaft 29 rotates, it will cause the guide plate seat 18 to tilt and rotate by contact, thereby changing the angle of the solar charging panel 11.

[0041] The principle of real-time fiber optic pollution monitoring is as follows:

[0042] Optical fiber is a circular dielectric waveguide used to transmit light, with quartz being the most common type. Placing an exposed quartz rod in the atmosphere creates a multimode dielectric waveguide with the quartz rod at its core and the atmosphere as its cladding. Under conditions of total internal reflection, a laser beam is emitted into the clean surface of the quartz rod. Due to the coupling between the fundamental mode and higher-order modes, most of the light energy is transmitted through the quartz rod, with only a small portion passing through the cladding interface into the atmosphere, resulting in minimal energy loss.

[0043] When a quartz rod is covered with contaminants, the refractive index of the contaminants is higher than that of the quartz rod. In this case, the light transmission within the quartz rod does not meet the condition for total internal reflection, resulting in a strong leaky mode and partial light energy loss. Simultaneously, the light energy absorbed by contaminant particles such as salt and heavy metals also contributes to the energy loss. Factors such as the composition and thickness of the contaminants, as well as relative humidity, affect the light energy loss during transmission to varying degrees, primarily through absorption, radiation, and scattering. Therefore, by detecting the light energy received at the end of a clean quartz rod after total internal reflection and the light energy received at the end of a contaminated quartz rod, the salt and ash density of the contaminants can be indirectly obtained through difference calculation.

[0044] A high-precision luminous flux calculation model is established using temperature compensation and adjustable filtering noise reduction methods. Furthermore, a low-power pulsed light wave processing algorithm and related models are utilized to achieve intelligent analysis and feedback of measurement data. This system enables non-contact calculation and monitoring unaffected by temperature, humidity, noise, airflow, dust, or light, making it suitable for harsh outdoor working environments.

[0045] This scheme is based on the principle of optical transmission and uses the laser attenuation characteristics caused by the accumulation of dirt on a quartz rod to monitor dirt. The theoretical model clearly defines the quantitative relationship between light loss and dirt level, realizing the visualization of the technical solution and making it engineering replicable.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the sensor support assembly includes four sets of mounting bases 3 welded in a ring array to the outer wall of the housing 1, a bottom frame 4 fixedly mounted on the upper end of the mounting base 3 by screws, and a top frame 5 fixedly mounted on the upper end of the bottom frame 4 by screws. The bottom frame 4 and the top frame 5 are symmetrically provided with fiber optic slots 6 for mounting quartz rod optical fibers 7. The assembly also includes sealing sleeves 9 provided at the notch sections of the bottom frame 4 and the top frame 5, and the sealing sleeves 9 wrap around the quartz rod optical fibers 7. Sealing gaskets 10 are provided on the inner and outer sides of the bottom frame 4 and the top frame 5. In this assembly, the bottom housing 4 and the top housing 5 each have a sealing groove on their opposite sides that matches the sealing gasket 10. The upper and lower ends of the sealing gasket 10 are respectively inserted into the sealing grooves of the bottom housing 4 and the top housing 5, so that the connection can be sealed after the bottom housing 4 and the top housing 5 are tightened with screws. The laser assembly 8 is located at the opening of the fiber optic groove 6, and there are six sets of them, which are respectively located in the opening of the fiber optic groove 6 at the notch of the bottom housing 4 and the top housing 5. In this way, the connection of the quartz rod fiber 7 from the bottom housing 4 and the top housing 5 is sealed, so that the part of the quartz rod fiber 7 placed in the fiber optic groove 6 will not seep in during use, causing the part inside the fiber optic groove 6 to be contaminated with dirt, which would affect the monitoring effect.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the tilting and rotating assembly includes a charging panel bracket 13 fixedly connected to the lower end of the solar charging panel 11 and two sets of positioning ring seats 15 fixedly installed inside the housing 1. A movable ball 14 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the charging panel bracket 13. Ring seat brackets 16 are arranged in a circular array on the inner side of each of the two sets of positioning ring seats 15, and fixed ball seats 17 are fixedly connected to the inner end of each ring seat bracket 16. The two sets of fixed ball seats 17 fit snugly around the upper and lower sides of the movable ball 14. The lower end of the movable ball 14 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide plate seat 18. In this assembly, the upper end of the charging panel bracket 13 is fixedly connected to a circular seat, which is then fixedly installed at the center of the lower end of the solar charging panel 11 using screws. The lower end of the charging panel bracket 13 is fixedly connected to the movable ball 14, and the perpendicular line from the center point of the array of the charging panel bracket 13 intersects the center point of the movable ball 14.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the charging plate bracket 13 is inclined, and the spacing of the annular array of the charging plate bracket 13 decreases from top to bottom. The two sets of positioning ring seats 15 are arranged in parallel, and the outer diameter of the positioning ring seat 15 is adapted to the inner diameter of the housing 1. The ring seat bracket 16 is inclined inward and converges. The ring seat brackets 16 on the two sets of positioning ring seats 15 are symmetrically arranged. The inner diameter of the fixed ball seat 17 is adapted to the outer diameter of the movable ball 14, and the movable ball 14 rotates within the two sets of fixed ball seats 17. The inclined charging panel bracket 13 in this structure can effectively support the solar charging panel 11 while reducing its contact area with the movable ball 14, allowing the movable ball 14 to rotate in a smaller volume. The inclined arrangement of the ring seat bracket 16 can provide good support for the fixed ball seat 17, ensuring that the two sets of fixed ball seats 17 fit together. After the positioning ring seat 15 is fixed, it can firmly limit and wrap the movable ball 14 and provide stable support for the movable ball 14 and its components, with sufficient support and fixing strength to ensure reliable connection. The movable ball 14 can rotate smoothly within the two sets of fixed ball seats 17.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figures 7 to 12 As shown, the movable key assembly includes inwardly recessed keyways 22 formed on the upper and lower sides of the drive shaft 21, with the two sets of inwardly recessed keyways 22 facing opposite directions; positioning shafts 23 rotatably mounted within the two sets of inwardly recessed keyways 22; and keyways 24 fixedly mounted on the upper ends of the two sets of positioning shafts 23. It also includes torsion springs 25 sleeved on the two sets of positioning shafts 23, with both ends of the torsion springs 25 connected to the inner walls of the inwardly recessed keyways 22 and the keyways 24, respectively; and outwardly recessed keyways 32 formed in the inner holes of the turntable 28 and the central gear 31, with the two sets of outwardly recessed keyways 32 facing opposite directions. In this structure, the two sets of inwardly recessed keyways 22 and torsion springs 25 are mirror images of each other on the upper and lower sides of the drive shaft 21. Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, similarly, the two sets of outward keyways 32 are also mirror-image formed in the inner holes of the turntable 28 and the central gear 31, as... Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the rotatable directions of the two sets of keyways 24, the torque triggering directions of the upper and lower sets of torsion springs 25, and the directions of the two sets of outward keyways 32 for the movement of the two sets of keyways 24 are all set in opposite directions. This means that when the drive shaft 21 rotates clockwise, the lower keyway 24 will abut against the inner wall of the outward keyway 32 in the central gear 31, thereby applying torque to drive the central gear 31 to rotate. At the same time, the upper keyway 24 will be restricted to rotate and retract into the inward keyway 22 on the upper side. When the drive shaft 21 rotates counterclockwise, the lower keyway 24 will be restricted to rotate and retract into the inward keyway 22 on the lower side, while the upper keyway 24 will drive the turntable 28 to rotate. This achieves the purpose of controlling the movement of two different components by using the forward and reverse rotation of a single motor, thus achieving two different effects.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 13 As shown, the transmission assembly includes a transverse rotating shaft 33 rotatably mounted between the central shaft seat 26 and the inner wall of the housing 1, with first gears 34 symmetrically fixedly mounted at both ends of the transverse rotating shaft 33, the first gears 34 meshing with the central gear 31, and a vertical rotating shaft 35 symmetrically rotatably mounted in the inner walls of both sides of the housing 1, with a second gear 36 fixedly mounted at the lower end of the vertical rotating shaft 35, the second gear 36 meshing with the first gear 34, the upper end of the vertical rotating shaft 35 passing through the top plate 37 and positioned on its upper side, and also includes a transmission gear 38 fixedly mounted on the upper end of the vertical rotating shaft 35, and a gear ring 39 rotatably mounted on the upper end of the top plate 37, the gear ring 39 meshing with the transmission gear 38, and an eaves plate 40 disposed on the upper end of the gear ring 39. In this structure, the rotation of the central gear 31 via transmission drives the gear ring 39 to rotate, causing the eaves plate 40 on the gear ring 39 to drive the lever 42 to rotate outside the sensor support assembly. This allows larger obstacles such as branches and leaves stuck on the sensor support assembly to be moved away, so as to avoid obstacles adhering to the exposed part of the quartz rod optical fiber 7 for a long time, resulting in excessive obstruction time and affecting the monitoring results.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 7 and Figure 13 As shown, ball bearings 41 are equidistantly installed in the rotating groove at the upper end of the top plate 37 for the rotation of the toothed ring 39. A guide rail adapted to the ball bearings 41 is formed on the surface of the toothed ring 39. The diameter of the eaves plate 40 is larger than the diameter of the top plate 37, and the outer edge of the eaves plate 40 is inclined. In this structure, the ball bearings 41 are used to increase the smoothness of the rotation of the toothed ring 39 and can also play a certain role in limiting and guiding. The diameter of the eaves plate 40 is larger than that of the top plate 37, and the eaves plate 40, in conjunction with the raised edge of the outer side of the top plate 37, shields the tooth surface of the toothed ring 39, preventing obvious solid impurities from entering.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the lever 42 is integrally bent from a cylindrical steel wire, and the end surface of the lever 42 is spherical. The lever 42 is located on the outside of the mounting base 3 and the sensor bracket assembly. This structure gives the lever 42 a certain degree of corrosion and rust resistance. At the same time, the integrally bent circular structure gives it a certain degree of deformation capability and elasticity. When encountering obstacles that are difficult to move, it can use its own elastic deformation capability to achieve a certain obstacle-crossing effect. Its spherical end can prevent it from being scratched and worn due to sharp edges when it comes into contact with other parts of the device.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 14 As shown, the clamping assembly includes limiting protrusions 45 fixedly mounted on the upper end of the top plate 37 and the lower end of the solar charging panel 11, and fixing rings 46 fixedly mounted on the two sets of limiting protrusions 45. Connecting gaskets 44 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the protective cover 43, and the outer diameter of the connecting gaskets 44 matches the inner diameter of the limiting protrusions 45. The two sets of connecting gaskets 44 are respectively fitted into the two sets of limiting protrusions 45. The fixing rings 46 clamp the edges of the connecting gaskets 44 to the inner side of the limiting protrusions 45. In this structure, the fixing rings 46 are provided with grooves that match the limiting protrusions 45, and the depth of the grooves is greater than the height of the limiting protrusions 45. Screw holes are arrayed on the connecting gaskets 44, the fixing rings 46, the top plate 37, and the solar charging panel 11. By inserting screws into the screw holes and tightening them, the connecting gaskets 44 are tightly fitted to the inner side of the limiting protrusions 45, thereby achieving a sealing effect. The protective cover 43 is cylindrical, and its height is equal to the maximum gap between the solar charging panel 11 and the top plate 37, which is the limit of the solar charging panel 11 tilting in any direction. The protective cover 43 can naturally adapt through elastic deformation without stretching. The protective cover 43 not only limits the movement of the solar charging panel 11, but also blocks its lower components and the upper opening of the casing 1, preventing foreign objects from entering directly.

[0054] Working principle: When in use, if it is necessary to adjust the tilt angle of the solar charging panel 11, the drive motor 19 is started to rotate counterclockwise, causing the drive shaft 21 to rotate counterclockwise. When the drive shaft 21 rotates, the upper key 24 will rotate out of the inner keyway 22 due to the elastic support of the torsion spring 25 and aligning with the outward keyway 32. The lower key 24 will be limited by the outward keyway 32 inside the center gear 31 and rotate into the inner keyway 22 by the positioning shaft 23. The spring 25 is compressed and compressed to accumulate elastic force. The upper key 24 drives the turntable 28 to rotate after it abuts against the inner wall of the outward keyway 32. This causes the guide shaft 29 to rotate at the lower end of the guide plate seat 18 and tilts the guide plate seat 18 by contact. When the guide plate seat 18 tilts, it will drive the movable ball 14 to rotate in the fixed ball seat 17. This causes the upper side of the movable ball 14 to tilt the solar charging panel 11 through the charging panel bracket 13, thereby changing the light-receiving surface of the solar charging panel 11. When the drive motor 19 drives the drive shaft 21 to rotate clockwise, the upper key 24 will retract into the inner keyway 22, while the lower key 24 will abut against the outer keyway 32 inside the central gear 31. During rotation, the central gear 31 will rotate, causing the transverse rotating shaft 33 to drive the second gear 36 to rotate through the first gear 34. The second gear 36 will drive the transmission gear 38 to rotate through the vertical rotating shaft 35. The transmission gear 38 will drive the meshing gear ring 39 to rotate. When the eaves plate 40 on the upper side of the gear ring 39 rotates, the lever 42 can remove the exposed branches and leaves when passing the sensor bracket assembly and the exposed part of the quartz rod optical fiber 7, so as to avoid the branches and leaves from sticking to the surface of the quartz rod optical fiber 7 for a long time and affecting the monitoring structure.

[0055] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0056] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0057] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A real-time online monitoring device for fiber optic pollution of live insulators, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (1), a C-type clamp (2) fixedly installed at the lower end of the housing (1), a sensor bracket assembly provided on the outer side of the upper end of the housing (1), and a quartz rod optical fiber (7) installed inside the sensor bracket assembly. A laser assembly (8) is installed at the end of the quartz rod optical fiber (7). A solar charging panel (11) is provided on the top of the housing (1), and a guide plate seat (18) is provided at the lower end of the solar charging panel (11) through an inclined rotating assembly. A lithium battery (12), a drive motor (19) and a rotating shaft bracket (20) are fixedly installed on the lower inner wall of the housing (1). A drive shaft (21) is rotatably installed inside the rotating shaft bracket (20), and the lower end of the drive shaft (21) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (19). A shaft seat bracket (27) is fixedly connected inside the housing (1), and a fixed ball is fixedly connected to it. A central shaft seat (26) is fixedly connected to the center of the seat (17). The central shaft seat (26) is movably sleeved on the drive shaft (21). A turntable (28) and a central gear (31) are rotatably installed at the upper and lower ends of the central shaft seat (26). The turntable (28) and the central gear (31) are driven by the drive shaft (21) through a movable shaft key assembly. A guide shaft rod (29) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the turntable (28). A top plate (37) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing (1). An eaves plate (40) is provided above the top plate (37). The eaves plate (40) is connected to the central gear (31) through a transmission assembly. A lever (42) is symmetrically welded to both ends of the eaves plate (40). A protective cover (43) is provided between the top plate (37) and the solar charging panel (11) through a clamping assembly. The transmission assembly includes a transverse rotating shaft (33) rotatably mounted between the central shaft seat (26) and the inner wall of the housing (1), with a first gear (34) symmetrically fixedly mounted at both ends of the transverse rotating shaft (33), the first gear (34) meshing with the central gear (31), and a vertical rotating shaft (35) symmetrically rotatably mounted in the inner walls of both sides of the housing (1), with a second gear (36) fixedly mounted at the lower end of the vertical rotating shaft (35), the second gear (36) meshing with the first gear (34), the upper end of the vertical rotating shaft (35) passing through the top plate (37) and positioned on its upper side, and also includes a transmission gear (38) fixedly mounted on the upper end of the vertical rotating shaft (35), and a gear ring (39) rotatably mounted on the upper end of the top plate (37), the gear ring (39) meshing with the transmission gear (38), and the eaves plate (40) being disposed on the upper end of the gear ring (39); The top plate (37) has a groove for rotating the toothed ring (39) with balls (41) installed at equal intervals. The surface of the toothed ring (39) is provided with a guide rail that matches the balls (41). The diameter of the eaves plate (40) is larger than the diameter of the top plate (37). The outer edge of the eaves plate (40) is inclined. The lever (42) is integrally bent from a cylindrical steel wire. The end surface of the lever (42) is spherical. The lever (42) is located outside the mounting base (3) and the sensor bracket assembly.

2. The real-time online monitoring device for fiber optic pollution of live insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor support assembly includes four sets of mounting seats (3) welded in a ring array to the outer wall of the housing (1), a bottom frame (4) fixedly mounted on the upper end of the mounting seats (3) by screws, and a top frame (5) fixedly mounted on the upper end of the bottom frame (4) by screws. The bottom frame (4) and the top frame (5) are symmetrically provided with fiber grooves (6) for mounting quartz rod optical fibers (7). The assembly also includes sealing sleeves (9) provided at the notch sections of the bottom frame (4) and the top frame (5), and the sealing sleeves (9) wrap around the quartz rod optical fibers (7), as well as sealing gaskets (10) provided on the inner and outer sides of the bottom frame (4) and the top frame (5).

3. The real-time online monitoring device for fiber optic pollution of live insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tilting and rotating assembly includes a charging plate bracket (13) fixedly connected to the lower end of the solar charging plate (11) and two sets of positioning ring seats (15) fixedly installed in the housing (1). The lower end of the charging plate bracket (13) is fixedly connected to a movable ball (14). The inner sides of the two sets of positioning ring seats (15) are arranged in a ring array with ring seat brackets (16), and the inner end of the ring seat brackets (16) is fixedly connected to a fixed ball seat (17). The two sets of fixed ball seats (17) fit together and wrap around the upper and lower sides of the movable ball (14). The lower end of the movable ball (14) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide plate seat (18).

4. The real-time online monitoring device for fiber optic pollution of live insulators according to claim 3, characterized in that: The charging plate bracket (13) is inclined, and the spacing of the annular array of the charging plate bracket (13) decreases from top to bottom. The two sets of positioning ring seats (15) are arranged in parallel, and the outer diameter of the positioning ring seat (15) is adapted to the inner diameter of the housing (1). The ring seat bracket (16) is inclined and converges inward. The ring seat brackets (16) on the two sets of positioning ring seats (15) are symmetrically arranged. The inner diameter of the fixed ball seat (17) is adapted to the outer diameter of the movable ball (14). The movable ball (14) rotates within the two sets of fixed ball seats (17).

5. The real-time online monitoring device for fiber optic pollution of live insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable key assembly includes inward keyways (22) opened on the upper and lower sides of the drive shaft (21), with the two sets of inward keyways (22) facing opposite directions, a positioning shaft (23) rotatably installed in the two sets of inward keyways (22), and a key (24) fixedly installed on the upper end of the two sets of positioning shafts (23). It also includes torsion springs (25) sleeved on the two sets of positioning shafts (23), with the two ends of the torsion springs (25) respectively connected to the inner wall of the inward keyway (22) and the key (24), and outward keyways (32) opened in the inner holes of the turntable (28) and the central gear (31), with the two sets of outward keyways (32) facing opposite directions.

6. The real-time online monitoring device for fiber optic pollution of live insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a limiting protrusion (45) fixedly disposed on the upper end of the top plate (37) and the lower end of the solar charging plate (11), and a fixing ring (46) fixedly installed on the two sets of limiting protrusions (45). The upper and lower ends of the protective cover (43) are provided with connecting pads (44), and the outer diameter of the connecting pads (44) is adapted to the inner diameter of the limiting protrusions (45). The two sets of connecting pads (44) are respectively attached to the two sets of limiting protrusions (45). The fixing ring (46) clamps the edge of the connecting pads (44) to the inner side of the limiting protrusions (45).

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