Intelligent management and control system and method for coal mine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine intelligent management and control, and discloses a coal mine intelligent management and control system and method, and the system comprises a data collection module, a data transmission module, a data storage and processing module, a GIS one-map module, a comprehensive service management module, an emergency management module, and a dispatching center display module. The data acquisition module comprehensively acquires and transmits various key data of a coal mine; the data storage and processing module classifies and stores various types of key data; the GIS one-map module constructs a three-dimensional visual map of the mine; the comprehensive service management module extracts various types of key data and performs multi-class management in combination with a three-dimensional visual map; the emergency management module receives the safety early warning signal and specifies an emergency disposal scheme; and the dispatching center display module receives and displays the information of each module. Through cooperation of all the modules, centralized management and control of whole mine data and linkage of all the systems are achieved, safety, cost and energy benefits are improved, and the informatization and intelligence level of coal mine management is overall improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent control technology for coal mines, and in particular to an intelligent control system and method for coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] In current coal mine production management, the terminals of various business subsystems are mostly scattered in the offices of different business departments and work teams. The dispatch center lacks a centralized display of the operating status of each system, making it impossible to achieve centralized monitoring of the entire mine's production status. At the same time, each system operates independently, making information sharing difficult and creating an "information silo" phenomenon, which seriously restricts the improvement of management efficiency.

[0003] Existing technologies have several drawbacks: In terms of cost-effectiveness, the lack of a unified data center necessitates the separate purchase of data terminals for each subsystem during construction, leading to redundant equipment investment and resource waste. Furthermore, each system operates independently, requiring dedicated personnel for management, further increasing labor costs. Regarding energy efficiency, the working face and various coal transport systems, as well as the main coal flow and surface coal transport systems, operate independently without coordinated control. This often results in prolonged periods of idle operation for some equipment, causing significant energy waste. In terms of safety, video surveillance information from the dispatch center is not shared with each system, creating blind spots in the monitoring of each system's independent operation. Management personnel cannot fully grasp the real-time operational status of the equipment, posing potential risks to coal mine safety.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent coal mine management and control system and method that can break down "information silos," achieve centralized monitoring, and improve cost, energy, and safety benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an intelligent management and control system and method for coal mines. By coordinating various modules, it breaks down "information silos," realizes centralized management and control of the entire mine's data and linkage between various systems, improves safety, cost and energy efficiency, and enhances the overall informatization and intelligence level of coal mine management.

[0006] This invention provides an intelligent control system for coal mines, comprising a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data storage and processing module, a GIS map module, a comprehensive business management module, an emergency management module, and a dispatch center display module. The data acquisition module is connected to the data transmission module, the data transmission module is connected to the data storage and processing module, the data storage and processing module is connected to the GIS map module, the comprehensive business management module, and the emergency management module, respectively, the GIS map module is also connected to the comprehensive business management module and the dispatch center display module, the comprehensive business management module is also connected to the emergency management module and the dispatch center display module, and the emergency management module is also connected to the dispatch center display module.

[0007] The data acquisition module serves as the starting point for data flow, comprehensively collecting various key data from the coal mine and transmitting them uniformly to the data storage and processing module via the data transmission module. These key data include safety monitoring data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data, geological and hydrological data, and basic operational data.

[0008] The data storage and processing module classifies and stores various types of key data, and uses the distributed storage technology of the hyper-converged server to ensure the storage and retrieval of massive amounts of data. Finally, the processed key data is provided to the GIS map module, the comprehensive business management module, and the emergency management module respectively.

[0009] The GIS One Map module extracts geological and hydrological data, production and operation data, personnel dynamic data and geospatial information and combines them to construct a three-dimensional visualization map of the mine. It interacts with the comprehensive business management module and emergency management module to provide them with spatial visualization data display and analysis support, and provides three-dimensional map and other information to the dispatch center display module.

[0010] The integrated business management module extracts various key data and combines them with the 3D visualization map to perform safety management, production scheduling, ventilation and fire prevention management, geological surveying and water control, electromechanical transportation, mining management, monitoring and surveillance, and business management, and displays the data through the dispatch center display module.

[0011] The emergency management module is used to receive safety warning signals issued by the integrated business management module, combine the personnel dynamic data, production operation data, geological and hydrological data and spatial information of the GIS map module to specify emergency response plans, allocate emergency resources, track the emergency response process, and transmit them to the dispatch center display module for monitoring.

[0012] The dispatch center display module is used to receive and display information from various modules. At the same time, dispatchers can issue dispatch instructions to the integrated business management module through the dispatch center display module, forming an interactive closed loop.

[0013] Furthermore, the data acquisition module is directly connected to various sensors, monitoring equipment, and data interfaces, and transmits various key data to the data transmission module in real time through industrial Ethernet and wireless transmission technology, forming a data input link;

[0014] Various sensors, including sensor networks deployed underground and on the surface of coal mines, such as gas sensors, equipment status sensors, personnel locators, and geological detectors, collect real-time safety monitoring data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data, geological and hydrological data, and basic operational data, and simultaneously complete data format standardization processing during the collection process.

[0015] Furthermore, the data transmission module selects a transmission method based on the real-time requirements and importance of the safety monitoring data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data, geological and hydrological data, and basic operational data collected by the data acquisition module, so as to transmit various key data to the data storage and processing module. During the transmission process, various key data are encrypted and verified to ensure data integrity and security.

[0016] Furthermore, the GIS single-map module constructs a three-dimensional visualization map of the mine, specifically including:

[0017] Geological and hydrological data, production operation data, and personnel dynamic data are obtained from the data storage and processing module, and format conversion and verification are performed to ensure that the data conforms to the spatial data standards of the GIS system.

[0018] Based on the actual terrain and tunnel design data of the mine, a basic geospatial framework is constructed. Through 3D modeling technology, the direction, slope, and cross-sectional dimensions of the tunnels are transformed into a 3D model to form the basic spatial skeleton of the mine. At the same time, the surface terrain data is integrated with the underground spatial framework to achieve an integrated spatial display of the surface and underground.

[0019] For geological and hydrological data, a 3D model of the coal seam is constructed based on its 3D coordinates and attribute information. The thickness variation and geological structure of the coal seam are displayed through different colors and transparency. For production and operation data, the 3D coordinates of the equipment are associated with the equipment model to accurately locate the equipment in the geospatial framework. The operating status of the equipment is displayed in real time through color changes or dynamic icons. For personnel dynamic data, the real-time coordinates of personnel are presented as dynamic points on the 3D map.

[0020] The coal seam model, roadway framework, equipment model, and personnel locations are rendered using 3D rendering technology to enhance the visual effect and three-dimensionality of the map. Multiple perspective switching options and interactive functions are also set up to complete the construction of a 3D visualization map of the mine.

[0021] Furthermore, the integrated business management module includes a safety management unit, a production scheduling unit, a ventilation and fire prevention management unit, a geological survey and water control unit, an electromechanical transportation unit, a mining management unit, a monitoring and control unit, and an operations management unit;

[0022] The safety management unit uses the safety monitoring data for safety management to monitor the mine's safety status in real time, and sets up an early warning system to be issued when the safety monitoring data exceeds a set value, and transmits the early warning signal to the emergency management module.

[0023] The production scheduling unit performs production scheduling based on the production operation data and personnel dynamic data to arrange production tasks, configure production plans, and dynamically adjust mining and transportation tasks.

[0024] The ventilation and safety management unit combines the safety monitoring data and production operation data to manage ventilation and safety, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the ventilation system.

[0025] The geological and hydrological data-based water control unit manages geological and hydrological water control to predict and prevent geological disasters and water hazards, and generates proposed water control engineering schemes.

[0026] The electromechanical transportation unit manages electromechanical transportation based on the production operation data to monitor equipment health status, generate maintenance work orders, and track execution progress.

[0027] The mining management unit performs mining management based on the production operation data and geological and hydrological data to generate mining plans and monitor mining progress.

[0028] The monitoring and control unit integrates various monitoring data for monitoring and control, so as to fully grasp the mine's operating status, and centrally displays the monitoring data of all monitoring points in the mine through the dispatch center display module;

[0029] The business management unit uses the aforementioned business-related basic data for business management, providing a basis for business decision-making.

[0030] Furthermore, the safety management unit utilizes safety monitoring data for safety management, determines real-time safety risk values ​​based on the monitoring data, and conducts risk warnings using a pre-set intelligent early warning model for coal mine safety risks based on these real-time safety risk values; specifically,

[0031] The real-time security risk value determined based on the aforementioned security monitoring data includes:

[0032] Based on coal mine safety regulations and the actual risk characteristics of mines, core indicators directly related to mine safety were selected from safety monitoring data, including gas indicators, environmental indicators, equipment status indicators, and support and structural indicators.

[0033] The safety monitoring indicators were assigned weights based on the degree of impact of each core indicator on safety risks, using expert evaluation and analytic hierarchy process.

[0034] Set multiple threshold levels for each core indicator, corresponding to different risk levels, and specify the risk level score for each interval;

[0035] The real-time collected safety monitoring data is standardized and transformed to map the raw data to the corresponding risk level score range;

[0036] The weighted summation method is used to calculate the comprehensive safety risk value. The formula is: Safety risk value = ∑(risk score of individual indicator × weight of corresponding indicator);

[0037] Safety monitoring data is updated at set intervals, synchronously repeating the above standardized processing and weighted calculation process, and refreshing the safety risk value in real time. When the risk value exceeds the medium risk threshold, an early warning mechanism is triggered. The alarm is displayed on the LED screen through the dispatch center display module, and the early warning information is pushed to the terminals of relevant management personnel, realizing real-time monitoring and rapid response to safety risks.

[0038] Furthermore, in the safety management unit, risk warning is conducted using a preset intelligent early warning model for coal mine safety risks based on the real-time safety risk value. The preset intelligent early warning model for coal mine safety risks includes:

[0039] A safety risk early warning model for coal mine risk prediction is established using the multiple linear regression method, with the risk prediction value defined as Q = (q1, q2, ..., q n The true risk value is Y = (y1, y2, ..., y). n The risk characteristic index factors are X = (x1, x2, ..., x...). n If so, the model is constructed as follows:

[0040] Q = θ × X

[0041]

[0042] After establishing a safety risk early warning model, the accuracy of the model is evaluated. Through the calculation and analysis of risk patterns, the deviation between the predicted risk value and the actual risk value is obtained, with the error E = (e1, e2, ..., e n ) is represented as:

[0043] E = QY

[0044] Substituting the above formula, we get:

[0045] E = θ × XY

[0046] To evaluate this model, its standard error function J is expressed as the average of the sum of squared errors, i.e.:

[0047]

[0048] When the error function J is minimized, the parameter θ of the safety risk warning model Q = θ × X is optimal, resulting in the most accurate safety risk warning model.

[0049] This invention also provides a method for intelligent management and control of coal mines, based on the intelligent management and control system for coal mines described above, the method specifically comprising:

[0050] S1. The data acquisition module collects various key data in real time through various sensors and data interfaces according to the set acquisition frequency, including safety monitoring data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data, geological and hydrological data, and basic data related to operation.

[0051] S2. The data transmission module organizes and encapsulates the collected key data, and transmits the key data to the data storage and processing module according to the data type and real-time requirements using a preset transmission method and path.

[0052] S3, the data storage and processing module classifies and stores the received key data according to data type and time, and uses big data analysis algorithms to process the data. It also uses the distributed storage technology of the hyperconverged server to ensure the storage and retrieval of massive amounts of data.

[0053] S4, the integrated business management module calls various types of data processed by the data storage and processing module, including safety management, production scheduling, ventilation and fire prevention management, geological surveying and water control, electromechanical transportation, mining management, monitoring and control, and business management. At the same time, the GIS map module integrates geological and hydrological data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data and geospatial information to generate a three-dimensional visualization map to assist in integrated business management. The dispatch center display module displays the business data and visualization map information of the integrated business management module through an LED screen for dispatchers to monitor in real time.

[0054] S5. When the integrated business management module discovers safety hazards by analyzing safety monitoring data or receives a report of an emergency, it immediately transmits the relevant information to the emergency management module. The emergency management module uses personnel dynamic data, production operation data, geological and hydrological data, combined with spatial information, to formulate an emergency response plan and displays the progress of the response in real time through the dispatch center display module.

[0055] S6. Based on the various information displayed in the dispatch center display module, dispatchers issue dispatch instructions to the comprehensive business management module through the workstation terminal system to adjust production plans, arrange equipment maintenance, and direct personnel operations. Each module feeds back the execution results to the data storage and processing module and the dispatch center display module, forming dynamic management and closed-loop monitoring.

[0056] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0057] This invention effectively breaks down the "information silos" phenomenon of traditional coal mine subsystems through the coordinated operation of various modules. It realizes centralized collection, transmission, storage, and processing of data across the entire mine. The dispatch center can centrally monitor the operating status of each system through the dispatch center display module, comprehensively grasp the equipment operation status, eliminate monitoring blind spots, and improve safety and efficiency. Through a unified data storage and processing module and centralized management mode, it avoids the duplication of equipment investment and increased labor costs caused by purchasing terminals and assigning dedicated personnel to manage each subsystem separately, thus optimizing cost-effectiveness. At the same time, the integrated business management module, combined with a 3D visualization map, enables the linkage control of various transportation systems, reduces equipment idle operation, reduces energy waste, improves energy efficiency, and comprehensively enhances the informatization and intelligence level of coal mine management. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent control system for coal mines according to the present invention.

[0059] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the intelligent control method for coal mines according to the present invention.

[0060] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0061] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides an intelligent control system for coal mines, including a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data storage and processing module, a GIS map module, a comprehensive business management module, an emergency management module, and a dispatch center display module. The data acquisition module is connected to the data transmission module, the data transmission module is connected to the data storage and processing module, the data storage and processing module is connected to the GIS map module, the comprehensive business management module, and the emergency management module, respectively, the GIS map module is also connected to the comprehensive business management module and the dispatch center display module, the comprehensive business management module is also connected to the emergency management module and the dispatch center display module, and the emergency management module is also connected to the dispatch center display module.

[0063] (1) Data acquisition module

[0064] The data acquisition module, as the starting point of data flow, is used to comprehensively collect various key data from the coal mine and transmit them uniformly to the data storage and processing module through the data transmission module. These key data include safety monitoring data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data, geological and hydrological data, and basic operational data. Specifically,

[0065] The data acquisition module is directly connected to various sensors, monitoring equipment, and data interfaces. It transmits various key data in real time to the data transmission module via industrial Ethernet and wireless transmission technologies (5G, Wi-Fi), forming a data input link. The various sensors include a sensor network deployed underground and on the surface of the coal mine, including gas sensors, equipment status sensors, personnel locators, and geological detectors. These sensors collect real-time safety monitoring data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data, geological and hydrological data, and other basic operational data, and simultaneously perform data format standardization processing during the acquisition process. Specific data content is as follows:

[0066] a. Safety monitoring data: such as real-time parameters related to mine safety, including gas concentration, carbon monoxide content, wind speed, temperature, and dust concentration.

[0067] b. Production operation data: operating status of mining equipment (such as the cutting speed of the coal mining machine and the working resistance of the hydraulic support), operating parameters of transportation equipment (such as the speed and capacity of the belt conveyor), start-up and shutdown status and operating data of auxiliary equipment such as ventilation fans and water pumps, etc.

[0068] c. Personnel dynamic data: Real-time location, movement trajectory, attendance, and work group information of underground coal mine workers.

[0069] d. Geological and hydrological data: coal seam thickness, dip angle, strike, geological structure (faults, folds, etc.), underground water inflow, water level changes, water quality, and other data.

[0070] e. Basic operational data: Procurement, warehousing, and outbound information of materials; equipment maintenance costs; personnel attendance information and salary data; coal production, sales volume, and sales price data.

[0071] (2) Data transmission module

[0072] The data transmission module acts as a "highway" for data, ensuring the secure and efficient flow of collected data. One end connects to the data acquisition module, receiving various types of data transmitted from it; the other end connects to the data storage and processing module, passing the data to that module for storage and processing, ensuring the data securely enters the storage and processing stages.

[0073] The data transmission module collects safety monitoring data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data, geological and hydrological data, and basic operational data from the data acquisition module. Based on the data's real-time requirements and importance, it selects the transmission method (e.g., industrial Ethernet, fieldbus, wireless communication). For example, a layered transmission strategy is adopted, prioritizing the transmission of high-real-time safety data (e.g., gas exceedance signals) via a low-latency industrial bus, while using compression transmission technology to save bandwidth for batch historical data (e.g., equipment operation logs). Simultaneously, it integrates data encryption and verification mechanisms to prevent data leakage or tampering during transmission, ensuring data integrity and security. Finally, the data is transmitted securely, stably, and efficiently to the data storage and processing module. During transmission, data encryption and verification are performed to ensure data integrity and security.

[0074] (3) Data storage and processing module

[0075] The data storage and processing module receives data streams from the data transmission module and completes storage; it interacts with the integrated business management module, GIS map module, etc. through data interfaces to provide cleaned and analyzed structured data services.

[0076] The data storage and processing module categorizes and stores various key data types, and utilizes the distributed storage technology of the hyperconverged server to ensure reliable storage and rapid retrieval of massive amounts of data. Ultimately, the processed key data is provided to the GIS map module, comprehensive business management module, and emergency management module, providing data support for their operation. Specifically, big data analytics and algorithms are used to process various key data types. For example, real-time analysis of safety monitoring data is performed to determine the existence of potential safety hazards; production operation data is mined to analyze factors affecting production efficiency and provide a basis for production optimization; personnel dynamic data is statistically analyzed to rationally allocate personnel work; geological and hydrological data is modeled and analyzed to predict the risk of geological disasters; and basic operational data is calculated and analyzed to support cost control and operational decision-making.

[0077] The data storage and processing module, acting as the "data hub," possesses massive data storage and intelligent analysis capabilities. Based on a hyperconverged server, it constructs a distributed storage architecture that supports the mixed storage of structured data (equipment parameter tables), semi-structured data (XML format logs), and unstructured data (geological 3D models). Through big data analytics engines (such as Spark), it processes dynamic data in real time, generating safety warning indicators, production efficiency parameters, and more. It also utilizes machine learning algorithms to uncover patterns in historical data, constructing equipment failure prediction models and cost optimization models to provide data support for business decisions.

[0078] (4) GIS One Map Module

[0079] The GIS One Map module is connected to the data storage and processing module to acquire geological and hydrological data, production and operation data, personnel dynamic data, etc.; it interacts with the comprehensive business management module and emergency management module to provide them with spatial visualization data display and analysis support, and provides 3D maps and other information to the dispatch center display module.

[0080] The GIS One-Map module combines geological and hydrological data (coal seam distribution, geological structure), production operation data (equipment location), and personnel dynamic data (real-time personnel location) provided by the data storage and processing module with geospatial information to construct a 3D visualization map of the mine. This map intuitively displays information such as the mine's roadway layout, equipment distribution, personnel location, and geological structure, providing spatial reference and visualization support for comprehensive business management and emergency management. For example, the map allows for quick location of areas with excessive methane concentrations and viewing of personnel distribution within those areas.

[0081] Constructing a 3D visualization map specifically includes:

[0082] 1) Obtain geological and hydrological data (such as the three-dimensional coordinates, thickness, and dip angle of coal seams), production operation data (such as the installation location coordinates and operating status parameters of equipment), and personnel dynamic data (such as the real-time coordinates of personnel carrying positioning devices) from the data storage and processing module. Perform format conversion and verification on these data to ensure that the data conforms to the spatial data standards of the GIS system. For example, convert the original coordinates of equipment locations into three-dimensional coordinates under a unified mine coordinate system, and remove outliers in the geological and hydrological data.

[0083] 2) Geospatial Framework Construction: Based on the actual terrain and tunnel design data of the mine, a basic geospatial framework is constructed. Using 3D modeling technology, information such as the tunnel's direction, slope, and cross-sectional dimensions are transformed into a 3D model, forming the basic spatial skeleton of the mine. Simultaneously, surface terrain data is integrated with the underground spatial framework to achieve a unified spatial display between the surface and underground areas.

[0084] 3) For geological and hydrological data, a three-dimensional model of the coal seam is constructed based on the three-dimensional coordinates and attribute information of the coal seam. The thickness variation and geological structure of the coal seam are displayed through different colors and transparency (such as marking faults with special lines).

[0085] For production operation data, the three-dimensional coordinates of the equipment are associated with the equipment model to accurately locate the equipment position in the geospatial framework, and the operating status of the equipment is displayed in real time through color changes or dynamic icons (e.g., normally operating equipment is displayed in green, and faulty equipment is displayed in red).

[0086] For personnel dynamic data, the real-time coordinates of personnel are presented as dynamic points on a 3D map. Combined with information such as the work group to which the personnel belong, personnel details can be viewed by clicking on the points.

[0087] 4) Visualization and Rendering: Utilizing 3D rendering technology, the constructed coal seam model, tunnel framework, equipment model, and personnel locations are rendered to enhance the map's visual appeal and three-dimensionality. For example, textures are filled into the tunnel interiors to simulate a realistic tunnel environment; the coal seam model is rendered in layers to clearly display the distribution of different coal seams. Simultaneously, it supports switching between multiple perspectives (such as top-down, side-view, and roaming views), allowing users to view the mine's 3D spatial information from different angles.

[0088] 5) A rich set of interactive functions allows users to interact with the 3D visualization map. For example, by clicking on equipment locations on the map, users can query detailed operating parameters and historical data of the equipment; by selecting a region, users can count the number of personnel and the distribution of equipment within that region; and users can perform distance measurements and area calculations on the map to assist in production scheduling and safety management decisions. Furthermore, real-time data updates are supported; when data in the data storage and processing module changes (such as personnel movement or equipment status changes), the 3D visualization map can promptly update its displayed content.

[0089] In summary, constructing a 3D visualization map of a coal mine enables the spatial integration of multi-dimensional information. Information such as tunnel layout, equipment location, personnel distribution, and geological structure is overlaid onto a 3D geographic coordinate system, and a dynamic map is generated through a visualization engine. It supports linked queries of business data and spatial location; for example, clicking on a tunnel allows viewing the historical gas concentration curve for that area, providing intuitive spatial decision-making support for dispatching, command, and emergency rescue.

[0090] (5) Integrated Business Management Module

[0091] The integrated business management module integrates business functions such as safety management, production scheduling, ventilation and fire prevention management, geological surveying and water control, electromechanical transportation, mining management, monitoring and control, and operation management, forming a "one-stop" business control platform. It connects to the data storage and processing module to acquire various types of business data; it connects to the GIS map module to utilize its spatial visualization function to assist business management; it connects to the emergency management module to transmit relevant information and push safety event trigger signals when a safety incident occurs; and it connects to the dispatch center display module to transmit key business management information for display and receive instruction feedback from the dispatch center display module. Specifically, it includes the following parts:

[0092] a. Safety Management Unit: Utilizes the safety monitoring data for safety management, monitors the mine's safety status in real time, issues warnings when data exceeds limits, and transmits the warning signal to the emergency management module to formulate corrective measures. For example, it monitors safety parameters such as gas and ventilation in real time, triggers warnings when levels exceed limits, and automatically pushes the corrective action process.

[0093] Furthermore, utilizing safety monitoring data for safety management also includes determining real-time safety risk values ​​based on the monitoring data, and issuing risk warnings using a pre-set intelligent early warning model for coal mine safety risks based on these real-time safety risk values; specifically,

[0094] The real-time security risk value determined based on the aforementioned security monitoring data includes:

[0095] ① Identify key safety monitoring indicators. Select core indicators directly related to mine safety from safety monitoring data, primarily including:

[0096] Gas indicators: methane concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, oxygen content, etc.

[0097] Environmental indicators: wind speed, temperature, humidity, dust concentration, etc.

[0098] Equipment status indicators: operating parameters (such as air pressure, flow rate, current) and on / off status of safety equipment such as fans and water pumps;

[0099] Support and structural parameters: roadway support pressure, roof displacement, etc.

[0100] The selection of these indicators should be based on coal mine safety regulations and the actual risk characteristics of the mine, ensuring coverage of major risk types such as gas explosions, fires, roof falls, and water inrushes.

[0101] ② Establish a risk indicator weighting system. Assign weights to each safety monitoring indicator using methods such as expert evaluation and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The weight depends on the indicator's impact on safety risk. For example, methane concentration has the greatest impact on methane explosion risk, so its weight could be set at 0.3; carbon monoxide concentration is closely related to fire risk, so its weight could be set at 0.2, and so on. The weighting system needs to be dynamically adjusted based on historical mine accident data and actual on-site conditions to ensure its scientific validity.

[0102] ③ Set safety thresholds and grading standards for indicators. Set multiple threshold levels for each key indicator, corresponding to different risk levels. Taking methane concentration as an example: Level 1 threshold (low risk): concentration ≤ 0.5%; Level 2 threshold (low to medium risk): 0.5% < concentration ≤ 0.8%; Level 3 threshold (high to medium risk): 0.8% < concentration ≤ 1.0%; Level 4 threshold (high risk): concentration > 1.0%. Other indicators (such as carbon monoxide concentration, wind speed, etc.) should also have similar grading thresholds set according to safety regulations, clearly defining the risk level score for each range (e.g., 1-2 points for low risk, 3-4 points for low to medium risk, 5-6 points for high risk, and 7-10 points for high risk).

[0103] ④ Real-time data standardization processing. Real-time collected safety monitoring data undergoes standardization transformation, mapping the raw data to score ranges corresponding to the risk level. For example, when the methane concentration is 0.6%, corresponding to the secondary threshold, it is converted to 3.5 points; when the wind speed is below 80% of the standard value, corresponding to the tertiary threshold, it is converted to 5 points. Simultaneously, abnormal data (such as jump values ​​caused by sensor malfunctions) is removed or corrected to ensure data validity.

[0104] ⑤ Calculate the real-time security risk value. The weighted summation method is used to calculate the comprehensive security risk value, using the following formula:

[0105] Real-time security risk value = ∑(risk score of individual indicator × weight of corresponding indicator)

[0106] For example, at a certain moment, the scores and weights of each indicator are as follows: Gas concentration: 3.5 points × 0.3 = 1.05 points; Carbon monoxide concentration: 2 points × 0.2 = 0.4 points; Wind speed: 5 points × 0.15 = 0.75 points; Ventilation fan current: 1 point × 0.15 = 0.15 points; Roof displacement: 2 points × 0.2 = 0.4 points; Overall risk value = 1.05 + 0.4 + 0.75 + 0.15 + 0.4 = 2.75 points.

[0107] The overall risk level is determined based on the comprehensive risk value (e.g., 0-3 points is low risk, 3-6 points is medium risk, and 6-10 points is high risk), with 2.75 points corresponding to a low risk status.

[0108] ⑥ Dynamic updates and early warnings of risk values. Safety monitoring data is updated every 1-5 seconds. The system synchronously repeats the above standardized processing and weighted calculation process to refresh the safety risk values ​​in real time. When the risk value exceeds the medium-risk threshold (e.g., 6 points), an early warning mechanism is automatically triggered. The alarm is displayed on the LED screen through the dispatch center's display module, and the early warning information is pushed to the terminals of relevant management personnel, realizing real-time monitoring and rapid response to safety risks.

[0109] The pre-set intelligent early warning model for coal mine safety risks specifically includes:

[0110] A safety risk early warning model for coal mine risk prediction was established using the multiple linear regression method. 160 iterations were selected for this model.

[0111] Define the risk prediction value as Q = (q1, q2, ..., q n The true risk value is Y = (y1, y2, ..., y). n The risk characteristic index factors are X = (x1, x2, ..., x...). n If so, the model is constructed as follows:

[0112] Q = θ × X

[0113]

[0114] After establishing the model, the accuracy of this early warning model is evaluated. The criterion for measuring the model's quality is the deviation between the predicted risk value and the actual risk value obtained through risk model calculation and analysis. The error is then E = (e1, e2, ..., e n ) is represented as:

[0115] E = QY

[0116] Substituting the above formula, we get:

[0117] E = θ × XY

[0118] When the error is negative, the positive and negative values ​​cancel each other out, resulting in a calculated average error of 0. However, in this case, the model cannot accurately predict risk. To prevent this, the model is evaluated by expressing its standard error function J, which is a cost function, as the average of the sum of squared errors, i.e.:

[0119]

[0120] Where 2m represents the sample size of the risk study subjects. Let the sum of squared errors be H, then:

[0121]

[0122] Error e i =q i -y i Substituting into the above, we obtain the sum of squared errors H as:

[0123]

[0124] Substituting E = QY into the formula above, we further obtain the sum of squared errors H as follows:

[0125] H = (θ × XY) T ×(θ×XY)

[0126] Substituting the above formula into... In this process, the error function J is obtained as follows:

[0127]

[0128] When the error function J is minimized, the parameter θ of the risk warning model Q = θ × X is optimal, and the model's prediction of risk warning is most accurate.

[0129] b. Production Scheduling Unit: Based on the production operation data and personnel dynamic data, the unit performs production scheduling, rationally arranges production tasks, optimizes production processes, and improves production efficiency; it also optimizes production plans based on equipment status and personnel configuration, and dynamically adjusts mining and transportation tasks.

[0130] c. Ventilation and Safety Management Unit: This unit combines safety monitoring data (such as wind speed and methane concentration) with production operation data (such as fan operating status) to manage ventilation and safety, ensuring the normal operation of the ventilation system and effectively preventing the spread of harmful gases such as methane. Simultaneously, it can optimize airflow distribution through ventilation network simulation algorithms and achieve intelligent airflow control by linking with methane monitoring data.

[0131] d. Geological Survey and Water Control Unit: Based on the geological and hydrological data, conduct geological survey and water control management, predict and prevent geological disasters and water hazards, combine geological models to predict water hazard risks, and generate water control engineering proposals.

[0132] e. Electromechanical Transportation Unit: Based on the production operation data (equipment operating status), it manages electromechanical transportation, promptly detects equipment failures, arranges maintenance, monitors equipment health status in real time, automatically generates maintenance work orders, and tracks execution progress.

[0133] f. Mining Management Unit: Based on the production operation data (mining equipment operating parameters) and geological and hydrological data, the unit manages mining operations, optimizes mining plans, optimizes mining paths based on coal seam occurrence conditions, and monitors the progress of the working face.

[0134] g. Monitoring and Control Unit: By integrating various monitoring data, it conducts monitoring and control to fully grasp the mine's operating status, and centrally displays the monitoring data of all monitoring points in the mine through the dispatch center display module, supporting the drilling and analysis of abnormal data.

[0135] h. Operations Management Unit: Utilizes the aforementioned basic operational data for operations management, calculates costs, analyzes economic benefits, provides a basis for operational decisions, automatically calculates the cost per ton of coal by connecting with production data, and generates reports on the correlation between material consumption and output.

[0136] (6) Emergency Management Module

[0137] The emergency management module is connected to the integrated business management module to receive safety warning information; it is connected to the data storage and processing module to obtain various types of data required for emergency rescue; it is connected to the GIS single map module to use its spatial information to assist in formulating rescue plans; it is connected to the dispatching center display module to transmit the progress of emergency rescue to this module for display.

[0138] When the emergency management module receives the safety warning information sent by the integrated business management module based on safety monitoring data, etc., or when an emergency occurs, it activates the emergency response mechanism. For example, it presets the hierarchical emergency response plans for accidents such as gas explosions and water inrushes, and automatically starts the response process after receiving the warning signal from the integrated business management module. It uses the personnel dynamic data (personnel location, quantity), production operation data (equipment status), geological and hydrographic data (underground environment), etc. provided by the data storage and processing module, combines with the spatial information of the GIS single map module, formulates emergency rescue plans, allocates emergency resources, and commands emergency rescue work. At the same time, it tracks the emergency disposal process, forms an emergency closed-loop management, ensures the efficient development of emergency work, and reduces accident losses.

[0139] (7) Dispatching center display module

[0140] The dispatching center display module is connected to the integrated business management module, the GIS single map module, and the emergency management module, receives and displays the information transmitted by these modules; the dispatching personnel interact with each module through the workstation terminal system to issue management and dispatching instructions.

[0141] As the command window of the system, the dispatching center display module displays key information such as safety monitoring data, production operation data, and business data transmitted by the integrated business management module, as well as the mine three-dimensional visualization map of the GIS single map module and the emergency rescue progress of the emergency management module on the LED screen of the dispatching center, realizing the centralized presentation and interaction of the whole mine data; the LED large screen adopts a multi-screen linkage layout, with the safety monitoring real-time curve displayed on the left, the dynamic picture of the GIS single map shown in the middle, and the production index dashboard presented on the right. At the same time, the terminal systems of each subsystem arranged at the workstations provide an operation interface for the dispatching personnel, enabling them to conduct dispatching command and management work based on the displayed data, and realizing the centralized monitoring of the mine; the business operation interface is deployed on the workstation terminal, supporting the dispatching personnel to directly issue production dispatching instructions and view the equipment control interface, realizing the centralized management mode of what you see is what you control.

[0142] As Figure 2 shown, the present invention also provides a coal mine intelligent control method, based on the coal mine intelligent control system as described above, the method specifically includes:

[0143] S1. The data acquisition module collects various key data in real time through various sensors and data interfaces according to the set acquisition frequency. This includes safety monitoring data (such as gas concentration every 10 seconds), production operation data (such as real-time monitoring of coal mining machine operating parameters), personnel dynamic data (such as updating personnel location every 30 seconds), geological and hydrological data (such as periodically measuring coal seam parameters and water inflow), and basic operational data (such as real-time recording of material entry and exit information).

[0144] S2. The data transmission module organizes and encapsulates the collected key data. Based on the data type and real-time requirements, it selects appropriate transmission methods and paths to transmit the key data to the data storage and processing module. For example, safety monitoring data is preferentially transmitted via industrial Ethernet to ensure real-time performance; basic operational data can be transmitted in batches on a timed basis via wireless network. During transmission, the data is encrypted and verified to ensure secure and complete transmission to the data storage and processing module.

[0145] The S3 data storage and processing module categorizes and stores received data according to data type and time. For example, safety monitoring data is stored by monitoring point and time series, while geological and hydrological data is stored by region. Simultaneously, it uses big data analytics algorithms to process the data. For instance, it performs trend analysis on safety monitoring data to determine potential safety hazards; it performs correlation analysis on production operation data to identify key factors affecting production efficiency; and it performs statistical analysis on operational data to calculate costs and profits. Finally, it utilizes distributed storage technology from hyperconverged servers to ensure the storage and retrieval of massive amounts of data.

[0146] S4, the Integrated Business Management module, calls upon various data processed by the Data Storage and Processing module to carry out various business tasks such as safety management and production scheduling. The GIS One-Map module integrates geological and hydrological data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data, etc., with geospatial information to generate a 3D visualization map to assist in integrated business management. The Dispatch Center Display module displays key business data from the Integrated Business Management module and visualization maps from the GIS One-Map module on an LED screen for real-time monitoring by dispatchers.

[0147] S5. When the integrated business management module discovers safety hazards through analysis of safety monitoring data or receives a report of an emergency, it immediately transmits the relevant information to the emergency management module. The emergency management module activates the preset emergency plan, utilizes personnel dynamic data, production operation data, geological and hydrological data provided by the data storage and processing module, and combines spatial information from the GIS map module to formulate an emergency response plan, allocate rescue forces for emergency response, and display the progress of the response in real time through the dispatch center display module.

[0148] S6. Based on the various information displayed in the dispatch center's display module, dispatchers issue dispatch instructions to the integrated business management module through the workstation terminal system to adjust production plans, arrange equipment maintenance, and direct personnel operations. Each module executes the corresponding operations according to the instructions and feeds back the execution results to the data storage and processing module and the dispatch center's display module, forming dynamic management and closed-loop monitoring.

[0149] This invention provides comprehensive information and intelligent support for mine safety management, production scheduling, ventilation and fire prevention management, geological surveying and water control, electromechanical transportation, mining management, monitoring and control, and business management. It integrates the coal mine business management system with the production operation system through GIS mapping, big data analysis, and emergency management, forming a dynamic management and closed-loop monitoring model. The dispatch center's computer room is equipped with a hyper-converged server for data storage and application. The dispatch center also features LED screens and workstations; the LED screens display relevant system interfaces, and the workstations house the terminal systems of various subsystems, enabling centralized monitoring from the dispatch center.

[0150] The integrated portal integrates existing mine application systems and interfaces, enabling single sign-on for various mine business systems, unified organizational structure, unified user management, unified to-do list, unified message notifications, unified security authentication, and establishing a unified support platform to achieve centralized information display.

[0151] The "One Map Platform" uses a single GIS map to centrally display "production, safety, equipment, monitoring, communication, ventilation and fire prevention, positioning, and video" on a mine roadway map, providing a clear understanding of equipment distribution and real-time operating conditions. The linkage function can access data from multiple systems. When a linkage alarm is triggered, the system supports linked map push (including inter-operator station linkage map push and linkage map push with the large screen), and drives subsystem controllers and actuators to perform corresponding linkage actions.

[0152] The system integrates data from existing subsystems within the data center and can build a comprehensive automation platform based on user needs through two implementation paths: First, it can be displayed by embedding the interface into existing subsystems; second, it can be displayed by customizing the configuration interface using the platform's configuration editing software.

[0153] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, apparatus, article, or method. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, apparatus, article, or method that includes that element.

[0154] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine intelligent management and control system, characterized in that, It comprises a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data storage and processing module, a GIS one map module, a comprehensive business management module, an emergency management module and a dispatch center display module, the data acquisition module is connected with the data transmission module, the data transmission module is connected with the data storage and processing module, the data storage and processing module is connected with the GIS one map module, the comprehensive business management module and the emergency management module respectively, the GIS one map module is also connected with the comprehensive business management module and the dispatch center display module, the comprehensive business management module is also connected with the emergency management module and the dispatch center display module, and the emergency management module is also connected with the dispatch center display module; The data acquisition module serves as the starting point of data flow and is used for collecting various key data of coal mines comprehensively and transmitting the data to the data storage and processing module through the data transmission module; wherein, the various key data comprises safety monitoring data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data, geological and hydrological data and operation-related basic data; The data storage and processing module stores the various key data in a classified manner and utilizes the distributed storage technology of hyper-converged servers to ensure the storage and query of massive data, and finally provides the processed various key data to the GIS one map module, the comprehensive business management module and the emergency management module respectively; The GIS one map module extracts the geological and hydrological data, the production operation data, the personnel dynamic data and the geographic spatial information to combine with each other to construct a three-dimensional visual map of the mine, and interacts with the comprehensive business management module and the emergency management module to provide spatial visual data display and analysis support and provide three-dimensional map information to the dispatch center display module; The comprehensive business management module extracts the various key data to combine with the three-dimensional visual map to perform safety management, production scheduling, defense management, geological and hydrological water prevention and control, mechanical and electrical transportation, mining management, monitoring and control and operation management, and displays the data through the dispatch center display module; The emergency management module is used for receiving the safety warning signal sent by the comprehensive business management module, combining the personnel dynamic data, the production operation data, the geological and hydrological data and the spatial information of the GIS one map module to specify an emergency disposal scheme, allocate emergency resources, track the emergency disposal process and transmit the process to the dispatch center display module for monitoring; The dispatch center display module is used for receiving the information of each module and displaying the information, and the dispatch personnel issues dispatch instructions to the comprehensive business management module through the dispatch center display module to form an interactive closed loop.

2. The intelligent management and control system for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition module is directly connected with various sensors, monitoring devices and data interfaces, and transmits the various key data to the data transmission module in real time through industrial Ethernet and wireless transmission technology to form a data input link. Various sensors include sensor networks deployed in coal mine underground and ground, including gas sensors, device state sensors, personnel locator, geological detector, real-time collection of safety monitoring data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data, geological and hydrological data and operation-related basic data, and synchronous completion of data format standardization processing during collection.

3. The intelligent management and control system for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data transmission module transmits the safety monitoring data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data, geological and hydrological data and operation-related basic data collected by the data acquisition module to the data storage and processing module according to the real-time requirement and importance of the data, and selects the transmission mode to transmit various key data to the data storage and processing module, and encrypts and checks various key data during transmission to ensure the integrity and security of the data.

4. The intelligent management and control system for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The GIS one map module constructs a three-dimensional visual map of the mine, specifically including: The geological and hydrological data, production operation data and personnel dynamic data are obtained from the data storage and processing module, and format conversion and verification are performed to ensure that the data meet the spatial data standards of the GIS system; Based on the actual terrain and roadway design data of the mine, a basic geographic space framework is constructed, the trend, slope and cross-section size information of the roadway are converted into a three-dimensional model through three-dimensional modeling technology, forming the basic spatial skeleton of the mine, and the surface terrain data and underground space framework are fused to realize the integrated spatial display of the surface and underground; For geological and hydrological data, a three-dimensional model of the coal seam is constructed according to the three-dimensional coordinates and attribute information of the coal seam, and the thickness variation and geological structure of the coal seam are displayed through different colors and transparencies; for production operation data, the three-dimensional coordinates of the equipment are associated with the equipment model, and the equipment position is accurately positioned in the geographic space framework, and the running state of the equipment is displayed in real time through color change or dynamic icon; for personnel dynamic data, the real-time coordinates of personnel are presented in the form of dynamic points on the three-dimensional map; The three-dimensional rendering technology is used to render the constructed coal seam model, roadway framework, equipment model and personnel point position to enhance the visual effect and stereoscopic effect of the map, and multiple perspective switching and interactive functions are set to complete the construction of the three-dimensional visual map of the mine.

5. The intelligent management and control system for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comprehensive business management module includes a safety management unit, a production scheduling unit, a ventilation and defense management unit, a geological and water control unit, a mechanical and electrical transportation unit, a mining management unit, a monitoring unit, and an operation management unit; The safety management unit uses the safety monitoring data for safety management to monitor the safety state of the mine in real time, sets a warning when the safety monitoring data exceeds the set value, and transmits the warning signal to the emergency management module; The production scheduling unit schedules production according to the production operation data and personnel dynamic data to arrange production tasks, configure production plans, and dynamically adjust mining and transportation tasks; The ventilation and defense management unit manages ventilation and defense in combination with the safety monitoring data and production operation data to ensure the normal operation of the ventilation system; The geological and hydrological data is used for geological and hydrological management to predict and prevent geological disasters and water disasters, and to generate a water prevention and control engineering proposal; The electromechanical transportation unit performs electromechanical transportation management based on the production operation data to monitor the health status of the equipment, generate maintenance work orders, and track the execution progress; The mining management unit performs mining management according to the production operation data and the geological and hydrological data to generate a mining plan and monitor the mining progress; The monitoring and control unit integrates various monitoring data for monitoring and control to comprehensively grasp the operation status of the mine, and displays the monitoring point data of the whole mine through the dispatch center display module; The business management unit uses the business-related basic data for business management to provide a basis for business decision-making.

6. The intelligent management and control system for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety management unit uses safety monitoring data for safety management, determines a real-time safety risk value based on the safety monitoring data, and uses a preset coal mine safety risk intelligent early warning model to perform risk early warning based on the real-time safety risk value; Specifically, Determining a real-time safety risk value based on the safety monitoring data includes: Filtering out core indicators directly related to mine safety from the safety monitoring data according to coal mine safety regulations and actual risk characteristics of the mine, including gas indicators, environmental indicators, equipment status indicators, and support and structure indicators; Assigning weights to each safety monitoring indicator through expert evaluation and analytic hierarchy process according to the influence of each core indicator on safety risk; Setting multiple threshold values for each core indicator to correspond to different risk levels, and clearly defining the risk level scores corresponding to each interval; Standardizing the real-time collected safety monitoring data to map the original data to the score interval corresponding to the risk level; Calculating the comprehensive safety risk value using the weighted summation method, with the formula being: Real-time safety risk value = ∑(single indicator risk score × corresponding indicator weight); The safety monitoring data is updated every interval, and the above standardization process and weighted calculation process are repeated synchronously to refresh the safety risk value in real time. When the risk value exceeds the medium risk threshold, the early warning mechanism is triggered, the LED screen flashes an alarm through the dispatch center display module, and the early warning information is pushed to the terminal of the relevant management personnel, realizing real-time monitoring and rapid response of safety risk.

7. The intelligent management and control system of the coal mine according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the safety management unit, the preset coal mine safety risk intelligent early warning model used to perform risk early warning based on the real-time safety risk value includes: Adopting multiple linear regression method, the safety risk early warning model for risk prediction of coal mine is established, the risk prediction value is defined as Q=(q1, q2, …, q n ), the real risk value is Y=(y1, y2, …, y n ), and the risk characteristic index factor is X=(x1, x2, …, x m ), and the model is constructed as shown in the following. Q = θ × X After the establishment of the security risk early warning model, the accuracy of the early warning model is evaluated, the deviation between the risk prediction value and the actual risk value is obtained through the calculation and analysis of the risk mode, the error E=(e1, e2, …, en) is represented as: n ) represents: E = Q - Y Substituting the above formula gives: E = θ × x - Y The standard error function J of this model is expressed by the average of the sum of squares of errors, that is: When the error function J is the smallest, the parameter θ of the safety risk early warning model Q = θ × X is optimal, and the most accurate safety risk early warning model is obtained.

8. A coal mine intelligent management and control method based on the coal mine intelligent management and control system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The method specifically includes: S1, the data acquisition module acquires various key data in real time through various sensors and data interfaces according to the set acquisition frequency, including safety monitoring data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data, geological and hydrological data, and business-related basic data; S2, the data transmission module collates and packages various types of key data collected, and according to the type and real-time requirement of the data, uses a preset transmission mode and path to transmit various types of key data to the data storage and processing module; S3, the data storage and processing module classifies and stores the received various types of key data according to data types and time, and processes the data using big data analysis algorithms, and uses distributed storage technology of hyper-converged servers to ensure storage and query of massive data; S4, the comprehensive business management module calls various types of data processed by the data storage and processing module, and manages safety, production scheduling, defense management, ground measurement and water control, mechanical transportation, mining management, monitoring and control, and business management. At the same time, the GIS one map module fuses geological and hydrological data, production operation data, personnel dynamic data and geographic spatial information to generate a three-dimensional visual map to assist comprehensive business management. The dispatching center display module displays the business data and visual map information of the comprehensive business management module through the LED screen for real-time monitoring by dispatchers. S5, when the comprehensive business management module discovers safety hazards through analysis of safety monitoring data or receives emergency reports, it immediately transmits relevant information to the emergency management module. The emergency management module uses personnel dynamic data, production operation data, geological and hydrological data, and combines spatial information to develop an emergency disposal plan, and displays the disposal progress in real time through the dispatching center display module; S6, dispatchers issue dispatching instructions to the comprehensive business management module through the workstation terminal system according to various types of information displayed by the dispatching center display module, adjust production plans, arrange equipment maintenance, and command personnel operations. Each module feeds back the execution results to the data storage and processing module and the dispatching center display module, forming dynamic management and closed-loop monitoring.

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