Real-time video transmission method and system based on 5G

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless streaming media, in particular to a real-time video transmission method and system based on 5G, and the method comprises the following steps: based on mobile terminal equipment, analyzing the signal strength and service bearing change of a 5G base station, screening an optimal access sequence, comparing channel capability with video partition characteristics, and adjusting coding parameter distribution. And analyzing link capability and packet loss performance, and optimizing uplink and downlink compression parameters to obtain a compression change trend. According to the invention, by dynamically identifying the signal association and network load change between the mobile terminal and the 5G base station, the multi-dimensional access priority sequence is generated in combination with the real-time bandwidth demand, the coding and allocation parameters are flexibly adjusted according to the video partition content characteristics and the wireless channel adaptation condition, and the access priority sequence is optimized in combination with the uplink and downlink performance and the frame type change. Dynamic regulation and control and synchronous updating of compression parameters are automatically completed, continuous transmission of video streams in a complex network environment is achieved, and the end-to-end consistency of video content and the integrity of picture data are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless streaming media, in particular to a real-time video transmission method and system based on 5G. BACKGROUND

[0002] The field of wireless streaming media involves encoding, transmission, reception and playing of multimedia content in a wireless communication environment, including video compression and transmission based on mobile communication networks, multimedia protocol adaptation, terminal playing optimization and dynamic allocation of network bandwidth, etc., covering the complete transmission link from the content source to the user terminal, and is widely used in mobile video services, vehicle-mounted video monitoring, remote teaching and video conferencing, etc. Among them, the traditional real-time video transmission method refers to the real-time pushing and receiving of remote video content through a communication network, which is aimed at how to complete the stable transmission of high-bandwidth and high-code-rate video stream in a high-speed mobile network environment.

[0003] The existing technology mainly uses single-point collection, and the selection of base station signals and the allocation of loads depend on static indicators, which cannot track dynamic changes. There is a lack of precise linkage between partition content and channel allocation. The real-time uplink and downlink capacity fluctuations are not considered in the adjustment of the encoding and the compression of the link. In the high-density data and network pressure state in the business scenario, the access decision is often delayed. The content allocation is unbalanced, and phenomena such as streaming media interruption, incomplete picture and data synchronization lag occur, which has a significant impact on remote monitoring and interactive occasions that require high reliable transmission. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the shortcomings in the prior art, and to provide a real-time video transmission method and system based on 5G.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a real-time video transmission method based on 5G, comprising the following steps, S1: based on a mobile terminal device, analyzing the signal strength of each 5G base station, combining the base station service bearing and the distance, judging the signal change trend, screening the base stations with key service bearing fluctuations according to the video stream bandwidth request, optimizing the access window, sorting the access base stations according to the signal, and obtaining the optimal access sequence of the base stations; S2: based on the optimal access sequence of the base stations, comparing the current 5G channel transmission capacity with the pixel density of the video frame partition, analyzing the influence of the motion vector amplitude on the channel matching, screening the partitions with strong correlation with the channel capacity, dynamically adjusting the partition encoding priority, and obtaining the partition bandwidth correlation parameter; S3: based on the partition bandwidth correlation parameter, judging the matching state of each partition, analyzing the partitions above the threshold and optimizing the encoding parameters, optimizing the allocation mode of the partition encoding parameters, and arranging the parameter configuration results of the partitions, and obtaining the encoding allocation mapping data; S4: based on the encoding allocation mapping data, analyzing the uplink and downlink residual transmission capabilities of the terminal and the 5G base station, comparing the link packet loss ratio and persistence, combining the frame type and bandwidth occupation, calculating the link difference, judging the link direction that needs to be adjusted, and obtaining the link compression adjustment index.

[0006] The application improves that the base station optimal access sequence comprises an access base station list, a sorting priority number and a window allocation number, the partition bandwidth correlation parameter comprises a partition label, an adaptive classification and a bandwidth coupling factor, the encoding allocation mapping data comprises a partition parameter index, an encoding mapping table and a parameter adjustment record, and the link compression adjustment index comprises an uplink and downlink adjustment item, a compression ratio adjustment factor and a link allocation label.

[0007] The application improves that the acquisition step of the base station optimal access sequence is specifically as follows: S111: based on the mobile terminal device, detecting the real-time signal strength between the current and each 5G base station, reading the service bearing condition of each 5G base station, calculating the signal strength change amplitude in the difference time period, quantifying the service bearing fluctuation amplitude of each 5G base station, statistically analyzing the relative distance between the 5G base station and the terminal, screening the 5G base station meeting the condition according to the real-time bandwidth request of the video stream, and obtaining the available base station screening result; S112: based on the available base station screening result, acquiring the signal strength change amplitude of each 5G base station in the screening range at multiple time nodes, extracting the corresponding average signal-to-noise ratio, and calculating the 5G base station access sorting level; S113: according to the base station access sorting level, selecting the top several 5G base stations, combining the sorting order and the window number, and obtaining the base station optimal access sequence.

[0008] The application improves that the acquisition step of the partition bandwidth correlation parameter is specifically as follows: S211: based on the base station optimal access sequence, analyzing the signal transmission characteristics between the 5G base station and the terminal, comparing the bandwidth and availability of each 5G base station with the corresponding priority order, judging the arrangement relationship of the data bearing sequence of each 5G base station, and obtaining the channel effective sorting coefficient; S212: based on the channel effective sorting coefficient, combining the pixel density of each video frame partition and the motion vector amplitude between the corresponding frames, screening the frame partition with the key matching degree of channel transmission characteristics and partition characteristics, calculating the channel matching degree coefficient of each frame partition, screening the partition with the optimal matching degree, and obtaining the matching enhancement identification group; S213: based on the matching enhancement identification group, judging the encoding priority level of each partition, optimizing the sorting of the partition in the encoding sequence, jointly analyzing the pixel density, motion vector amplitude and encoding order of the partition, calculating the coupling condition of the partition and the channel resource, and obtaining the partition bandwidth correlation parameter.

[0009] The application improves that the obtaining step of the encoding allocation mapping data is specifically: S311: Based on the partition bandwidth association parameter, analyze the channel bandwidth corresponding to each video frame partition and the transmission capacity parameter, compare the matching between the partition parameter and the channel capacity, filter the partition number that meets the adaptation standard, and obtain the partition matching degree sequence; S312: Based on the partition matching degree sequence, analyze the pixel density and the motion vector amplitude, judge the difference between the original encoding parameter and the current partition feature, adjust the code rate and the quantization parameter of each partition, and arrange the configuration change to obtain the partition encoding adjustment amount; S313: Based on the partition encoding adjustment amount, optimize the corresponding relationship between the partition number and the encoding parameter, analyze the modification record and the parameter configuration change, build the complete partition parameter configuration, and obtain the encoding allocation mapping data.

[0010] The application improves that the obtaining step of the link compression adjustment index is specifically: S411: Based on the encoding allocation mapping data, analyze the parameter adjustment record and the partition parameter index, compare the bandwidth utilization of the uplink and downlink between the mobile terminal and the 5G base station, combine the bandwidth demand of the current frame type, judge the difference between the uplink and downlink transmission capacity, and obtain the bandwidth utilization difference item; S412: Based on the bandwidth utilization difference item, filter the packet loss data and the total transmission data in the link period, calculate the packet loss ratio of the link, combine the statistics of the continuous effective transmission segment, judge the directional difference of the uplink and downlink in the packet loss ratio and the continuity index, and obtain the link direction adjustment item; S413: Based on the link direction adjustment item, compare the compression parameters associated with the to-be-sent frame type, calculate the association among the quantization step, the compression coefficient and the frame type bandwidth demand, judge the compression direction adjustment amplitude, optimize the compression parameter, and obtain the link compression adjustment index.

[0011] The application improves that the step further comprises: S5: Based on the link compression adjustment index, judge the current link stability, analyze the to-be-sent frame compression setting, adjust the to-be-sent frame compression parameter, synchronize and arrange all parameter update results, and obtain the compression change trend; The compression change trend comprises a compression change curve, a trend identification number and a parameter change set.

[0012] The application improves that the obtaining step of the compression change trend is specifically: S511: Based on the link compression adjustment index, judge the data packet loss in the uplink and downlink transmission, compare the actual bandwidth utilization, screen the data nodes that continuously appear abnormally in the transmission process, adjust the data synchronization consistency in the time distribution range, optimize the link transmission state, and obtain the link stable state mode; S512: Based on the link stable state mode, analyze the current compression ratio configuration of the to-be-sent frame, compare the reserved proportion of the image area, optimize the coding rate setting, calculate the bandwidth demand of the frame type to which the to-be-sent frame belongs, screen the pixel-intensive area and the partition with large motion amplitude, adjust the compression parameter allocation, and obtain the frame compression configuration change information; S513: Based on the frame compression configuration change information, judge the compression parameter adjustment content of all to-be-sent frames, optimize the configuration adjustment sequence change process, compare the change trajectory of each frame in time sequence, screen the parameter change trend of key frames, summarize the change mode of continuous behavior chain, and obtain the compression change trend.

[0013] The real-time video transmission system based on 5G includes: The access optimization module is based on a mobile terminal device, analyzes the real-time signal strength between each 5G base station, judges the 5G base station signal change trend, compares the distance and signal conditions between the 5G base station and the terminal, screens the 5G base stations with large service load changes according to the real-time bandwidth request of the video stream, and optimizes the window of the 5G base station in the access window according to the signal sorting, to obtain the optimal access sequence of the base station; The channel adaptation coding module is based on the optimal access sequence of the base station, compares the current 5G wireless channel transmission capability and the pixel intensity of each video frame partition, analyzes the influence of the motion vector amplitude on the matching degree of the partition channel, screens the partition with correlation between the pixel intensity and the motion vector amplitude and the channel transmission capability, adjusts the encoding priority of the partition, and obtains the partition bandwidth correlation parameter; The parameter allocation module is based on the partition bandwidth correlation parameter, judges the matching state of each partition, analyzes the partition above the threshold and optimizes the encoding parameter, optimizes the allocation mode of the partition encoding parameter, and sorts the parameter configuration results of the partition, to obtain the encoding allocation mapping data; The link compression adjustment module is based on the encoding allocation mapping data, analyzes the uplink and downlink residual transmission capability of the mobile terminal and the 5G base station, compares the link packet loss ratio and transmission persistence, combines the frame type and the predicted bandwidth occupation, calculates the difference between the uplink and downlink, judges the link direction that needs to be adjusted, and obtains the link compression adjustment index; The compression trend synchronization module is based on the link compression adjustment index, judges the running stability of the current link, analyzes the compression setting of the to-be-sent frame, adjusts the compression parameter of the to-be-sent frame, synchronously sorts the update results of all to-be-sent frame compression parameters, and obtains the compression change trend.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages and positive effects that: In the application, by dynamically identifying the signal association between the mobile terminal and the 5G base station and the network load change, a multi-dimensional access priority sequence is generated in combination with the real-time bandwidth demand, the coding and distribution parameters are flexibly adjusted according to the video partition content features and the wireless channel adaptation situation, the automatic dynamic regulation and synchronous update of the compression parameters are completed in combination with the uplink and downlink performance and the frame type change, the processing links are closely connected, the network and content adaptive linkage capability is fully exerted, the video stream continuous transmission in the complex network environment is realized, and the end-to-end consistency of the video content and the integrity of the picture data are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a main step flowchart of the application; Figure 2 is a flowchart of obtaining the optimal access sequence of the base station in the application; Figure 3 is a flowchart of obtaining the partition bandwidth associated parameters in the application; Figure 4 is a flowchart of obtaining the coding distribution mapping data in the application; Figure 5 is a flowchart of obtaining the link compression adjustment index in the application; Figure 6 is a flowchart of obtaining the compression change trend in the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the application more clear, the application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the application and not to limit the application.

[0017] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application. In addition, in the description of the application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0018] Embodiment:

[0019] Please refer to Figure 1 The application provides a technical scheme: a real-time video transmission method based on 5G, which comprises the following steps: S1: Based on the mobile terminal device, analyze the real-time signal strength between each 5G base station, judge the signal change trend of 5G base station, combine the service bearing capacity of each 5G base station, compare the distance and signal condition between 5G base station and terminal, according to the real-time bandwidth request of video stream, filter the 5G base station with large service bearing capacity change to carry out window optimization, according to the signal sequence of the 5G base station in the access window, get the optimal access sequence of the base station; S2: Based on the optimal access sequence of the base station, compare the current 5G wireless channel transmission capacity and the pixel density of each video frame partition, analyze the influence of motion vector amplitude on the matching degree of partition channel, filter the partition with correlation between pixel density and motion vector amplitude and channel transmission capacity, adjust the encoding priority of the partition, get the partition bandwidth correlation parameter; S3: Based on the partition bandwidth correlation parameter, judge the matching state of each partition, analyze the partition above the threshold and carry out encoding parameter optimization, optimize the allocation mode of partition encoding parameter, and arrange the parameter configuration results of all partitions, get the encoding allocation mapping data; S4: Based on the encoding allocation mapping data, analyze the uplink and downlink residual transmission capacity of mobile terminal and 5G base station, compare the link packet loss ratio and transmission persistence, combine the frame type and expected bandwidth occupation, calculate the difference between uplink and downlink, judge the link direction that needs to be adjusted, optimize the compression parameter, get the link compression adjustment index; S5: Based on the link compression adjustment index, judge the running stability of the current link, analyze the compression setting of the to-be-sent frame, adjust the compression parameter of the to-be-sent frame, synchronize the update results of all to-be-sent frame compression parameters, get the compression change trend.

[0020] The optimal access sequence of the base station includes access base station list, sorting priority number and window allocation number, the partition bandwidth correlation parameter includes partition label, adaptation level and bandwidth coupling factor, the encoding allocation mapping data includes partition parameter index, encoding mapping table and parameter adjustment record, the link compression adjustment index includes uplink and downlink adjustment item, compression ratio adjustment factor and link allocation label, and the compression change trend includes compression change curve, trend identification number and parameter change set.

[0021] In S1, signal change trend refers to the analysis of the continuous change of the wireless signal strength transmitted by the 5G base station to the mobile terminal at different times and different terminal positions, which is used to judge the signal stability and potential switching demand; service bearing situation refers to the number of data services, the number of users or the resource allocation status currently borne by each 5G base station, which reflects the real-time load pressure of the base station; large service bearing amount change refers to that the number of users or the amount of service of a certain base station increases or decreases significantly in a short time, which reflects that the load of the base station fluctuates sharply or the resource scheduling is frequent; window optimization refers to making optimization adjustment on the access opportunity and target base station to make the terminal access to the current optimal base station within a certain available time period (i.e. "window period") through strategy selection; signal sorting refers to sorting the accessible 5G base stations from optimal to secondary according to the signal strength, base station load and other indicators obtained by analysis, which provides a basis for selecting the most suitable base station.

[0022] In S2, transmission capacity refers to the rate, bandwidth and channel availability of the 5G wireless channel that can actually transmit data at a certain moment, which directly affects the video data transmission efficiency and smoothness; pixel density refers to the number of pixels or the amount of pixel change in a unit area of each partition of a video frame, which is used to measure the complexity and information amount of the partition image; motion vector amplitude refers to the size of the movement of each frame partition relative to the previous frame in space in video coding, which is an index for measuring the dynamic change degree of the picture; the partition with correlation refers to the partition with high matching between pixel density and motion vector amplitude and channel transmission capacity, i.e. the frame partition that is more suitable for high-quality coding or transmission under the current channel condition; coding priority refers to assigning different coding resources and processing order to each partition according to the importance, dynamic change and channel adaptation degree of the partition in the video frame.

[0023] In S3, matching state refers to the adaptation between the characteristic parameters (such as pixel density and motion vector amplitude) of each partition and the channel bandwidth and transmission capacity, which reflects the rationality of the coding resource allocation of the partition; the partition above the threshold refers to the frame partition whose partition parameters reach or exceed the set threshold after index comparison and evaluation, which needs to be encoded with emphasis or allocated with priority; coding parameter optimization refers to reasonably adjusting the coding related configurations such as code rate and quantization parameter for different partitions to improve the coding efficiency and video quality; allocation mode refers to how to configure and allocate the coding parameters of all partitions, including resource priority and parameter adjustment strategy; parameter configuration result refers to the coding parameter allocation set of each partition formed after the above processing of all video partitions.

[0024] In S4, the residual transmission capacity refers to the bandwidth and resource amount that is not occupied by the uplink and downlink between the current terminal and the base station and can still be used for video data transmission; the link packet loss ratio refers to the ratio of the number of lost data packets to the total number of transmitted packets in the process of transmitting data on the link, which is a key indicator reflecting the quality of the link; the transmission persistence refers to the ability of the link to maintain stable service without interruption in the process of continuous transmission, and is used to evaluate the reliability of transmission; the frame type refers to different categories of frames generated in the video encoding process (such as I frame, P frame, B frame), and each frame has different structure and function and different bandwidth and compression requirements; the difference between the uplink and downlink refers to the differences in transmission bandwidth, stability, packet loss rate and other performance parameters between the terminal to the base station (uplink) and the base station to the terminal (downlink), and the resource configuration needs to be adjusted according to the actual differences; the link direction refers to the flow direction of data transmission, i.e. uplink or downlink, and the direction needs to be clear when adjusting parameters such as compression.

[0025] In S5, the running stability refers to the ability of the link to maintain continuous, abnormal fluctuation-free or interruption-free service, reflecting the current stable service level of the network; the compression setting refers to the specific configuration of data compression parameters and ratios specified for video frame transmission, which directly affects the video quality and bandwidth occupation; the pending frame refers to the video frame data that has not been compressed, encoded and sent out, which is the object that needs to be adjusted and transmitted; the update result refers to the final collection of parameter changes after the adjustment of compression parameters for all pending frames.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 2 , the steps of obtaining the optimal access sequence of the base station are specifically: S111: Based on the mobile terminal device, detect the real-time signal strength between the current terminal and each 5G base station, read the service bearing situation of each 5G base station, calculate the signal strength change amplitude in the difference time period, quantify the service bearing fluctuation amplitude of each 5G base station, count the relative distance between the 5G base station and the terminal, select the 5G base station that meets the condition according to the real-time bandwidth request of the video stream, and obtain the available base station screening result; The terminal's communication module scans for all detectable 5G base station signals in the vicinity and records the current signal strength value of each base station. Then, the terminal reads the service carrying capacity of each 5G base station through the network interface, primarily obtaining the number of connected users, data throughput, and resource utilization ratio of each base station per unit time. By statistically analyzing the signal strength variation of each base station through two consecutive detection intervals, the differences in signal values ​​at different time points are compared, and the changes over multiple consecutive time periods are accumulated and recorded. Simultaneously, the fluctuation amplitude of service carrying capacity is calculated, and the difference between two data points (service throughput or number of users) is compared to determine the service fluctuation trend. Finally, the relative distance between each base station and the terminal is determined. The evaluation can be performed indirectly by the terminal positioning system or signal arrival delay. Then, the parameters obtained above are matched with the actual bandwidth requirements of the video stream. For example, if the video requested by the terminal is high-definition video and requires 4 megabits per second, then base stations that simultaneously meet the requirements of stable signal, small fluctuations in service load, close proximity, and sufficient remaining bandwidth resources to meet the video request need to be selected. Finally, a list of available 5G base stations that meet the conditions is formed as the screening result. Base stations that do not meet any of the conditions will be automatically removed. For example, if the signal of a base station changes drastically or the service traffic fluctuates greatly in a short period of time, it will be considered as not having stable connection capabilities and will not be included in the result set.

[0027] S112: Based on the available base station screening results, obtain the signal strength variation amplitude of each 5G base station within the screening range at multiple time points, extract the corresponding average signal-to-noise ratio, and use the formula: ; Calculate the access ranking level of each 5G base station, where, Base station i represents base station This represents the magnitude of the signal strength change of base station i at time point t. The service bearer coupling term representing base station i, This represents the service scheduling load of base station i at time node t, where T represents the total number of time nodes collected within the time window. This represents the relative distance between base station i and the mobile terminal. This represents the access request frequency of base station i at time t. Base station access ranking refers to the degree to which a particular base station is most suitable for mobile terminal access at the current time and within the specified window. The higher the value, the more advantageous the base station's signal environment, load status, and access conditions are among the available base stations in the same batch; conversely, a lower value indicates that the base station currently has lower access compatibility.

[0028] For base station A within the selected range, retrieve its signal strength variation amplitude sequence at three time points. (dBm), and the absolute value is , and the normalized value is , the service scheduling load of the base station at the corresponding time node is (Mbps), and the normalized value is , the service load coupling term of the base station is set to = 0.7, which is derived from the ratio of the average scheduling conflict number of the base station to the maximum scheduling number in nearly one hour, and the access request frequency sequence is set to (request number / second), and the normalized value is , the distance between the terminal and the base station is set to = 80 (meters), and the normalized value is 0.64, the time window length is T = 3, and the formula is substituted to calculate: ; The result shows that the access ranking of base station A in the current time window is 1.2574, according to the preset interval division standard of the access ranking: when , it is determined that access is not recommended; when , it is determined that the condition is general; when , it is determined that the access is preferred; The score of base station A is in the preferred access interval, which indicates that the signal strength change is relatively stable, the load scheduling capability is good, and the access competition intensity is moderate, which meets the current video stream demand for bandwidth stability and continuity.

[0029] S113: According to the base station access ranking, select the top several 5G base stations, call the ranking order and window number, and combine the two to get the optimal access sequence of the base station; Based on the comprehensive evaluation results of each base station in the list of available 5G base stations, each base station is first sorted. The sorting is based on the previously collected data on signal strength, the current load level of the base station, signal fluctuation, and physical distance to the terminal. Each indicator has different levels of importance in the sorting. Base stations with higher signal strength are ranked first, followed by those with lighter loads, considering the current load. Base stations with smaller signal fluctuations are given higher priority. Finally, base stations that are closer to the terminal are prioritized for access. After sorting, the top-ranked base stations are selected, for example, the top three base stations are chosen as the primary access candidates. The system then assigns access window numbers to candidate base stations. The window number is assigned based on the time the terminal last connected to that base station. If the terminal has connected to that base station during the current scanning period, the original number is retained; otherwise, the window number is updated according to the time interval. Finally, the sorting order of each base station and its corresponding window number are combined to construct a unique identifier combination, forming the final optimal access sequence. For example, if the terminal can connect to three preferred base stations A, B, and C at its current location, with sorting orders of 1, 2, and 3 respectively and window numbers of 2, 1, and 1, then the optimal access sequence is (1, 2), (2, 1), and (3, 1). This sequence will serve as the target order in which the terminal will prioritize access in the short term.

[0030] Please see Figure 3 The specific steps for obtaining the partition bandwidth association parameters are as follows: S211: Based on the optimal access sequence of the base station, analyze the signal transmission characteristics between the 5G base station and the terminal, compare the correspondence between the bandwidth and availability of each 5G base station and the priority order, determine the arrangement relationship of the data carrying sequence of each 5G base station, and obtain the effective channel ranking coefficient. For each base station in the access sequence, the terminal retrieves the connection information corresponding to the base station identifier, reads the current bandwidth value and idle available bandwidth value of the base station, and combines it with the signal reception strength record of the base station at the terminal's current location to further extract the average uplink and downlink rates, connection duration, and instantaneous availability indicators. Based on this, the signal transmission characteristics are analyzed. The terminal records the time series of the signal strength of each base station and judges its change amplitude within 5 consecutive seconds. If a single signal value change exceeds 10dB and there are more than 3 consecutive fluctuations, the base station signal is considered unstable. Then, the remaining bandwidth value of the base station is paired with its priority in the optimal access sequence to establish a correspondence table. For example, the actual bandwidth of the first-ranked base station in the sequence is 8Mbps, the second-ranked base station has a bandwidth of 10Mbps, and the third-ranked base station has a bandwidth of 5Mbps. Then, the priority and bandwidth resources are compared. To address the discrepancies, the deviation between base stations with higher priority but lower bandwidth and those with lower priority but sufficient bandwidth is compared. If the deviation exceeds the tolerable bandwidth error threshold (set to 3Mbps), the base station is marked as a ranking offset item during the statistical phase. Then, the priority of all base stations is matched one-to-one with their corresponding bandwidth, stability, and availability values ​​to determine their actual data carrying capacity ranking in the access sequence. By statistically analyzing the ranking position of each base station in terms of actual channel carrying capacity and evaluating the position difference with its original ranking position, for example, if a base station was originally ranked 3rd but its actual carrying capacity is only ranked 5th, the ranking difference is calculated as 2. The ranking differences of all base stations are accumulated, and a score is assigned based on the ranking consistency of each base station. The closer the score is to 0, the better the ranking consistency. Based on the scoring, the effective ranking level of each base station under the current channel conditions is formed, and the effective channel ranking coefficient is obtained.

[0031] S212: Based on the effective channel ranking coefficient, and combining the pixel density of each video frame partition with the motion vector amplitude between corresponding frames, select frame partitions with key matching degrees between channel transmission characteristics and partition features, using the following formula: ; Calculate the channel matching coefficient for each frame partition, select the partition with the best matching performance, and obtain the matching enhancement identifier group. This represents the channel matching coefficient of the j-th partition in the o-th frame. This represents the pixel density of the j-th partition in the o-th frame. This represents the motion vector magnitude of the j-th partition in the o-th frame. This represents the remaining transmission capacity of the k-th candidate base station. This represents the link response time between the k-th candidate base station and the terminal. This represents the channel power consumption percentage of the o-th frame. This represents the time synchronization offset of the j-th partition. This represents the expected coded bit configuration of the j-th partition in the o-th frame. Indicates the total number of candidate base stations; The channel matching coefficient is a comprehensive quantitative indicator used to measure the compatibility between a specific video frame partition (the j-th partition of the o-th frame) and the current available 5G wireless channel transmission capabilities. It reflects the degree of matching between the video content characteristics of the partition (such as pixel density and motion vector amplitude) and the actual channel conditions such as the current bandwidth, response speed, and resource margin of the selected 5G base station.

[0032] Image frame F1 was selected from the video frame sequence. Partition P1 was extracted from this frame. The detected pixel density in this region was 110, and the motion vector amplitude was 0.9, which, after normalization, were 0.733 and 0.600, respectively. Simultaneously, three candidate base stations covered by the terminal in this frame were obtained, with corresponding remaining transmission capacities of 18, 20, and 15 Mbps, respectively, which, after normalization, were 0.720, 0.800, and 0.600, respectively. The link response times are 0.015 seconds, 0.013 seconds, and 0.017 seconds, which, after normalization, are 0.682, 0.591, and 0.773, respectively. This corresponds to a channel energy consumption ratio of 2.3 for the current frame F1, which, after normalization, is 0.639. The time synchronization offset of the target partition P1 is 0.18, which, after normalization, is 0.600. The expected coded bit configuration is 1.1, which, after normalization, is 0.611. Substituting these values ​​into the formula and performing multi-level expansion calculations: Calculate the product of pixel density and motion vector amplitude: ; Calculate the square root of the product of capacity and response time for each base station: The first base station is ; The second base station is ; The third base station is ; Summing the three terms: ; Calculate the denominator: ; The result is: ; This result indicates that the channel matching coefficient calculated for partition P1 in the current frame F1 is... The value is significantly higher than the preset upper limit of the matching baseline interval of 3.2. This baseline interval is statistically set by the matching coefficient interval corresponding to the frame partitions with high transmission stability in the historical samples. The average range of the top 20% of partitions in the sample set is taken as the priority matching segment, specifically the interval [2.4, 3.2]. Therefore, the partition with a matching coefficient of 3.9937 is determined to be the region with the best channel-content adaptability. Based on the interval in which this value is located, it is determined whether it meets the conditions for entering the matching enhancement identification group. The higher the value, the stronger the adaptability of the partition in image features and channel conditions. Finally, its coding priority level is improved and it is identified as an enhanced partition, becoming the priority target for subsequent bandwidth resource allocation and coding parameter adjustment.

[0033] S213: Based on the matching enhancement identifier group, determine the coding priority level of each partition, optimize the order of partitions in the coding sequence, jointly analyze the pixel density, motion vector amplitude and coding order of the partitions, calculate the coupling between the partitions and channel resources, and obtain the partition bandwidth correlation parameters. Video image frames are divided into multiple coding partitions. Pixel distribution information for each partition is extracted, and pixel density per unit area is recorded. Partitions with more than 400 pixels per square pixel block are classified as high-density areas. Simultaneously, the motion vector amplitude of each partition between adjacent frames is analyzed. By calculating the displacement pixel value of the partition's position in two consecutive frames, partitions with a displacement amplitude exceeding 20 pixels are classified as high-motion areas. Then, coding priority is evaluated for all partitions. If a partition is both a high-density and high-motion area, its priority is set to 1; if only one is met, it is set to 2; and if neither is met, it is set to 3. Based on this, the terminal sorts all partitions in ascending order to form a draft coding sequence. Subsequently, the partition order is linked with the channel resource identifier in the matching enhancement identifier group. The analysis shows that the remaining bandwidth value, channel fluctuation status, and connection sustainability of each channel time slot are recorded in the matching enhancement identifier group. For partitions with a remaining bandwidth value greater than 3Mbps and a channel fluctuation count of less than 2, they are set to the optimal matching state. Then, according to the initial coding order, the channel resources in the optimal matching state are preferentially matched to partitions of level 1 and 2. The matching results are compared with the pixel density and motion vector amplitude of each partition for overlap judgment. If the actual bandwidth resource utilization rate of the matched partition exceeds 70%, it is marked as a high coupling area. The terminal summarizes the coupling relationship between each partition and its matched channel resources, sets the association level according to the coupling strength, assigns a value of 1 to high coupling area, 2 to medium coupling area, and 3 to low coupling area. After sorting out the labels, levels, and coupling levels of all partitions, the partition bandwidth association parameters are output.

[0034] Please see Figure 4 The specific steps for obtaining the encoding allocation mapping data are as follows: S311: Based on the partition bandwidth correlation parameters, analyze the channel bandwidth and transmission capability parameters corresponding to each video frame partition, compare the matching between partition parameters and channel capabilities, filter partition numbers that meet the adaptation criteria, and obtain the partition matching degree sequence. The channel corresponding to each coded partition in the video frame is retrieved, and the actual available channel bandwidth and average transmission rate per unit time are extracted. At the same time, the recorded pixel density, motion vector amplitude, and coupling level index of each partition are extracted. Then, the channel bandwidth value is compared with the minimum transmission bandwidth required by the partition item by item. If the current available channel bandwidth is greater than the bandwidth required by the partition and the number of channel fluctuations is less than 2 in the last 5 seconds, the channel is considered to be able to support the transmission of the partition, and the partition is temporarily recorded as the preliminary adaptation partition. Then, the motion vector amplitude of each partition of the preliminary adaptation is paired with the channel transmission stability. If the motion vector amplitude in the partition is higher than the set benchmark value and the channel stability is higher than 70% connection continuity, the match is judged to be strong, and such partitions are assigned a matching level 1. If only one of them is met, it is assigned a matching level 2. If neither is met, it is assigned a level 3. Then, all partitions are sorted according to their matching level to form a matching level sequence. For example, if the video frame is divided into 10 partitions, partitions 1, 3, and 5 belong to level 1, partitions 2, 4, and 7 belong to level 2, and the rest belong to level 3. The level results are mapped to the partition numbers, and the partition matching degree sequence is output.

[0035] S312: Based on the partition matching degree sequence, analyze the pixel density and motion vector amplitude, determine the difference between the original coding parameters and the current partition features, adjust the bit rate and quantization parameters of each partition, sort out the configuration changes, and obtain the partition coding adjustment amount; For each partition, image features and coding parameters are compared. First, the original bitrate value and original quantization parameters of the partition are extracted. The differences are then compared with the current pixel density and motion vector amplitude of the partition. If the current pixel density is more than 10% higher than the original reference value and the motion vector amplitude is more than 5 pixels higher than the original parameter value, the current image complexity is determined to be higher than the initial parameter, and parameter improvement is required. For a matching partition of level 1, the original bitrate is increased by 20% and the quantization parameter is decreased by 4 levels. For a partition of level 2, the bitrate is increased by 10% and the quantization parameter is decreased by 2 levels. For a partition of level 3, if channel resources are tight, the original parameters are maintained; otherwise, the bitrate is slightly increased by 5%. At the same time, each parameter adjustment is recorded, and the difference before and after the adjustment and the partition feature indicators on which the adjustment is based are marked. For example, if the original bitrate of partition 7 is 2Mbps, the current pixel density is increased by 15%, and the motion amplitude increases to 23 pixels, then the adjusted bitrate is set to 2.4Mbps, and the quantization parameter is decreased from 28 to 24, with adjustments of 0.4Mbps and 4 levels, respectively. After sorting out the adjustment actions of all partitions, all changed parameters are summarized to obtain the partition coding adjustment amount.

[0036] S313: Based on the partition coding adjustment amount, optimize the correspondence between partition number and coding parameters, analyze the modification records and parameter configuration changes, construct a complete partition parameter configuration, and obtain coding allocation mapping data.

[0037] The new encoding parameters for each partition are re-indexed with their corresponding numbers. The terminal maps the changes in encoding parameters for each partition to the original partition structure, constructing a complete encoding parameter configuration matrix for the current frame. Simultaneously, the adjustment actions for each partition are recorded, including the original value, new value, adjustment magnitude, and adjustment reason flag. For example, if partition number 7 is recorded with an original bitrate of 2 Mbps and a current bitrate of 2.4 Mbps, and the reason flag is "high density, high motion," this record is written to the parameter configuration change log. All adjustment records are then analyzed, comparing the parameter configuration differences between the current and previous frames. If a partition with the same number experiences a bitrate increase and a quantization parameter decrease for three consecutive frames, it is classified as a continuous high-complexity region. During the final configuration process, an additional parameter stabilization mechanism is enabled for this type of partition to limit its bitrate change magnitude and prevent drastic parameter fluctuations in subsequent frames. All parameter reconstruction results are compiled into an encoding configuration table, where each row represents a partition, and the columns are partition number, bitrate, quantization parameter, adjustment flag, and modification record index. The summarized output is encoding allocation mapping data.

[0038] Please see Figure 5 The specific steps for obtaining link compression adjustment metrics are as follows: S411: Based on the encoding allocation mapping data, analyze the parameter adjustment records and partition parameter index, compare the bandwidth utilization of the uplink and downlink between the mobile terminal and the 5G base station, and combine the bandwidth requirements of the current frame type to determine the difference in uplink and downlink transmission capabilities and obtain the bandwidth utilization difference item. The system extracts the mapping between encoding parameter adjustment records and partition numbers for each video partition. It retrieves all partitions that have undergone bitrate or quantization parameter adjustments from these records, marking their frame positions and the number of parameter changes. Simultaneously, the terminal extracts the current uplink and downlink bandwidth status, including the average bandwidth utilization, remaining bandwidth, and link occupancy rate over the last 10 seconds. All partition parameter change data are grouped by partition number and associated with the transmission path of that partition's data to determine whether the data is transmitted via the uplink or downlink. The system then calculates the total bitrate of all data related to the allocated parameters and their distribution ratio on the uplink and downlink paths. For example, if the current total data bitrate is 12 Mbps, the percentage of bitrate transmitted via the uplink path is 3. If the downlink path accounts for 70% of the total bandwidth, a preliminary path load mapping is established. Then, the current frame type is used for judgment. If the current frame is an I-frame, its bandwidth requirement is set to a high-level threshold; if it is a P-frame, it is set to medium; and if it is a B-frame, it is set to low. The actual allocated bitrate is then compared with the bandwidth required for the frame type to determine whether there is overload or redundancy in the current transmission. The judgment results are then summarized and analyzed on the uplink and downlink paths. If the proportion of I-frame data transmission in the uplink path is too high and the bandwidth utilization is close to the critical value (the critical value is set to 90%), the uplink transmission capacity is determined to be insufficient. If the bandwidth surplus exceeds 30% when transmitting B-frame data in the downlink path, the utilization rate of this path is low. The difference in bandwidth utilization between the two is calculated and the directional offset is recorded, and the bandwidth utilization difference item is output.

[0039] S412: Based on the bandwidth utilization difference item, filter the packet loss data and total transmission data within the link cycle, calculate the packet loss ratio of the link, and combine the statistics of continuous effective transmission segments to determine the directional differences between the uplink and downlink in terms of packet loss ratio and continuity indicators, and obtain the link direction adjustment item. Uplink and downlink data transmission between the terminal and the base station is monitored within a specific time period of 5 seconds. The total number of data packets transmitted and the number of lost data packets in each link direction are counted within this time period. For example, if the uplink transmits 1500 data packets and loses 32 in the current period, and the downlink transmits 1400 data packets and loses 14, the uplink packet loss rate is 2.13% and the downlink packet loss rate is 1.0%. Simultaneously, the effective continuous transmission period for each link within the period is calculated. For instance, if the uplink experiences 3 interruptions within the period, each lasting 200 milliseconds, while the downlink experiences only 1 interruption for 100 milliseconds, then the effective continuous transmission period for each link is calculated. The continuity indicators are 3 times and 1 time, respectively. Combining the packet loss ratio and continuity statistics, the difference in stability performance between the two is compared. The packet loss ratio and the number of continuity interruptions are used as two evaluation parameters. If the uplink has a larger value in both dimensions, it is determined that the link direction has a stability deviation direction in the current transmission process, and the directionality record is marked as "weak uplink". Conversely, if the downlink has a higher value in either the packet loss ratio or the continuity is higher than the uplink, it is marked as "weak downlink". If the difference between the two is less than the preset threshold (the threshold is set to 0.5% for the packet loss ratio and 1 time for the continuity), no directionality judgment is made. The judgment results of all indicators in the current analysis period are collected and statistically analyzed, and the link direction adjustment item is output.

[0040] S413: Based on the link direction adjustment term, compare the compression parameters associated with the frame type to be transmitted, calculate the correlation between the quantization step size, compression coefficient, and frame type bandwidth requirement, using the formula: ; Determine the adjustment range of the compression direction Optimize compression parameters to obtain link compression adjustment indices, among which... This represents the remaining uplink bandwidth. This represents the remaining downlink bandwidth. Represents the quantization step size. Represents the compression factor. This represents the bandwidth requirement for the corresponding frame type.

[0041] The compression direction adjustment amplitude is a key parameter that reflects the dynamic adaptation between the current uplink and downlink resource distribution and the video frame compression configuration. The larger the amplitude, the lower the matching degree between the current link status and the compression configuration. There is a need to further optimize and adjust the compression parameters (such as quantization step size, compression coefficient, etc.) to improve the real-time transmission performance of video data. It is a quantitative expression of the adaptation relationship between the link status and the compression settings, directly guides the dynamic adaptive adjustment of compression parameters, and helps to improve the video transmission quality and stability in the 5G environment.

[0042] Identify the type of the current frame to be sent and obtain its corresponding compression parameter set, including the quantization step size. =18, Compression coefficient =0.65, Frame type bandwidth requirement =12.0Mbps, and simultaneously collect the remaining bandwidth of the current uplink and downlink, respectively , During the calculation process, bandwidth parameters need to be normalized. The result is... =0.73、 =0.574、 =0.24, where the normalization interval is determined based on the current network's maximum allocable bandwidth and maximum frame bandwidth request. Substitute these values ​​into the formula to calculate each term: ; ; ; ; This result indicates that the compression direction adjustment amplitude A value significantly lower than the lower limit of the set adjustment threshold range (usually set between 0.05 and 0.1) indicates that the current uplink and downlink have small differences in resource distribution, and the frame compression parameters have a good match with the actual link conditions. There is no need to make significant adjustments to core parameters such as quantization step size and compression coefficient. Therefore, this value directly reflects the stability relationship between the link status and the compression configuration, which means that the link compression adjustment index should adopt a fine-tuning strategy, prioritizing the stability of the current compression strategy, and only making supplementary parameter updates in scenarios of sudden changes in local frame type or bandwidth, so as to ensure that the data compression quality does not cause link oscillation due to excessive adjustment.

[0043] Please see Figure 6 The specific steps for obtaining the compression trend are as follows: S511: Based on the link compression adjustment index, determine the data packet loss situation in uplink and downlink transmission, compare the actual bandwidth utilization, filter data nodes that continuously exhibit abnormalities during transmission, adjust the data synchronization consistency within the time distribution range, optimize the link transmission status, and obtain the link stable state mode. Packet loss monitoring channels are established for both uplink and downlink. Within a set monitoring period, all transmitted data packet numbers and reception status information are collected. The sending identifier and reception result of each data packet in the uplink and downlink paths are compared one by one. Packet numbers with missing data or failed content verification are recorded. Data nodes with a loss frequency exceeding a threshold are filtered; for example, if a node has more than three consecutive packet loss records within 5 seconds, it is classified as an abnormal node. Furthermore, the link bandwidth utilization rate within the time period of that node is read. By comparing the total bandwidth during the data packet transmission period with the actual carrying rate, the bandwidth utilization deviation is calculated. If the actual utilization rate is less than 60% of the link's nominal bandwidth, it is recorded as a node with underutilized bandwidth. Subsequently, abnormal nodes are sorted by their occurrence time and their corresponding packet loss density is considered. The bandwidth deviation level is used for screening, and data nodes that continuously exhibit abnormal states in multiple cycles are marked. Based on this, the terminal determines the degree of concentration or dispersion of the recorded abnormal nodes according to their distribution on the time axis. If they are concentrated in a specific time period, the synchronization parameters corresponding to that segment in the compression adjustment strategy are adjusted, changing the transmission rhythm control interval between video frames from the original 200 milliseconds to 300 milliseconds. At the same time, consistency compensation is performed on the uplink and downlink data frame structure synchronization configuration within this time period. For example, the key frame to prediction frame ratio is maintained at 1:3, and the inter-frame delay parameter is incrementally accumulated. The three types of information—packet loss, bandwidth deviation, and synchronization configuration—are merged in each time period to generate a link transmission status list and categorized according to the node status to form a link stable state mode.

[0044] S512: Based on the link stable state mode, analyze the current compression ratio configuration of the frame to be sent, compare the retention ratio of the image region, optimize the coding rate setting, calculate the bandwidth requirement of the frame type to be sent, filter pixel-dense areas and partitions with large motion amplitude, adjust the compression parameter allocation, and obtain the frame compression configuration change information. The system retrieves the frame structure index and compression parameter configuration table of the current frame to be transmitted, reads the compression ratio configuration data used by the current frame frame by frame, and records the encoding start time and preset encoding length of the frame. It compares the current compression ratio with the historical reference frame setting. If the compression ratio is more than 20% higher than the reference value, it is marked as a compression offset frame. Then, it analyzes the image partitions of the frame, calculating the image retention ratio for each partition (the ratio of the number of valid pixel blocks retained after compression to the original number). If this ratio is lower than 60%, the encoding quality of that partition is considered low. Subsequently, it compares the encoding rate of that partition with the link bandwidth stability. If the link state during the time period of that partition is marked as "high jitter," the corresponding compression ratio is determined. The upper limit is set to 75%, otherwise it can be increased to 85%. At the same time, the encoding rate of this partition is subject to limit smoothing control. The maximum adjustment range shall not exceed the maximum adjustment limit value in the current frame compression parameter setting. When analyzing the frame type, if the current frame is an I-frame and the number of partitions exceeds 50, the total bandwidth requirement is set according to the high-level preset value. If it is a P-frame, it is set according to the medium-level value. Then, partitions with a pixel density greater than 400 pixel blocks / square block and a motion amplitude greater than 25 pixels are selected from the image frames and identified as complex partitions. When adjusting the compression parameters for this type of partition, the bit rate is kept not lower than 80% of the reference value, and the quantization parameter is reduced by 3 levels. Finally, all parameter changes are summarized and output to form the frame compression configuration change information.

[0045] S513: Based on the frame compression configuration change information, determine the compression parameter adjustment content of all frames to be sent, optimize the configuration adjustment sequence change process, compare the change trajectory of each frame in the time sequence, filter the parameter change trend of key frames, summarize the change pattern of continuous behavior chain, and obtain the compression change trend. The compression ratio, bitrate, and quantization parameter changes for all frames in the set of frames to be sent are indexed by frame number. The compression parameter changes recorded for each frame are analyzed. If the same compression parameter changes by more than 15% of a set baseline value in three consecutive frames, it is recorded as an unstable parameter. Frames with unstable parameters are preprocessed and prioritized for compression during the adjustment sequence process. Simultaneously, the change trajectory of all frames along the compression parameter dimension is statistically analyzed. Time series analysis is performed on the compression ratio, bitrate, and quantization level. If any parameter shows a unidirectional change trend in five consecutive frames, for example, the bitrate changes from... If the Mbps increases from 1.6 Mbps to 2.5 Mbps, the sequence is marked as a linear change chain. Then, the locations of all I-frames and P-frames are identified, the change trend of keyframes is focused, and the correlation data between the keyframe compression ratio change value and the image retention ratio is extracted. If there is an inverse trend between the two and the change amplitude is greater than 10%, the trend is classified as compression-image quality conflict type. Then, the frame groups that constitute continuous behavior chains in all frames are sorted out, and the behavior chains with compression fluctuation patterns are summarized and classified according to three dimensions: change amplitude, change frequency, and number of affected partitions. The complete compression change trend is then output.

[0046] A 5G-based real-time video transmission system, comprising: The access optimization module is based on mobile terminal devices. It analyzes the real-time signal strength between the mobile terminal device and each 5G base station, judges the signal change trend of the 5G base station, compares the distance and signal conditions between the 5G base station and the terminal, and selects 5G base stations with large changes in service carrying capacity for window optimization based on the real-time bandwidth request of the video stream. The 5G base stations in the access window are sorted according to the signal to obtain the optimal access sequence of the base stations. The channel adaptation coding module is based on the base station's optimal access sequence. It compares the current 5G wireless channel transmission capacity and the pixel density of each video frame partition, analyzes the impact of motion vector amplitude on the partition channel matching degree, filters partitions with pixel density and motion vector amplitude that are correlated with channel transmission capacity, adjusts the coding priority of the partitions, and obtains the partition bandwidth correlation parameters. The parameter allocation module determines the matching status of each partition based on the partition bandwidth association parameters, analyzes the partitions above the threshold and optimizes the encoding parameters, optimizes the allocation method of partition encoding parameters, and organizes the parameter configuration results of the partitions to obtain encoding allocation mapping data. The link compression adjustment module analyzes the remaining uplink and downlink transmission capacity of the mobile terminal and 5G base station based on the coding allocation mapping data, compares the link packet loss ratio and transmission continuity, calculates the difference between the uplink and downlink based on the frame type and expected bandwidth usage, determines the link direction that needs to be adjusted, and obtains the link compression adjustment index. The compression trend synchronization module judges the current link's operational stability based on the link compression adjustment index, analyzes the compression settings of the frames to be sent, adjusts the compression parameters of the frames to be sent, and synchronously organizes the update results of the compression parameters of all frames to be sent to obtain the compression change trend.

[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments that can be applied to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 5G-based real-time video transmission method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Based on mobile terminal devices, analyze the signal strength of each 5G base station, combine the base station service carrying capacity and distance to determine the signal change trend, and based on the video stream bandwidth request, screen the base stations with key service carrying capacity fluctuations, optimize the access window, sort the access base stations by signal, and obtain the optimal access sequence of the base stations. S2: Based on the optimal access sequence of the base station, compare the current 5G channel transmission capacity with the pixel density of the video frame partition, analyze the impact of motion vector amplitude on channel matching, screen partitions with strong correlation to channel capacity, dynamically adjust the partition coding priority, and obtain the partition bandwidth correlation parameters. S3: Based on the partition bandwidth association parameters, determine the matching status of each partition, analyze the partitions above the threshold and optimize the encoding parameters, optimize the allocation method of partition encoding parameters, and organize the parameter configuration results of the partitions to obtain encoding allocation mapping data. S4: Based on the encoding allocation mapping data, analyze the remaining uplink and downlink transmission capabilities of the terminal and the 5G base station, compare the link packet loss ratio and persistence, combine frame type and bandwidth usage, calculate the link differences, determine the link direction that needs to be adjusted, and obtain the link compression adjustment index.

2. The 5G-based real-time video transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimal access sequence for the base station includes a list of access base stations, a sorting priority number, and a window allocation number. The partition bandwidth association parameters include partition labels, adaptation levels, and bandwidth coupling factors. The encoding allocation mapping data includes partition parameter indexes, encoding mapping tables, and parameter adjustment records. The link compression adjustment indicators include uplink and downlink adjustment items, compression ratio adjustment factors, and link allocation labels.

3. The 5G-based real-time video transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for obtaining the optimal access sequence for the base station are as follows: S111: Based on the mobile terminal device, detect the real-time signal strength between the current terminal and each 5G base station, read the service carrying status of each 5G base station, calculate the signal strength change amplitude within different time periods, quantify the service carrying fluctuation amplitude of each 5G base station, count the relative distance between the 5G base station and the terminal, and filter the 5G base stations that meet the conditions according to the real-time bandwidth request of the video stream to obtain the available base station filtering results. S112: Based on the available base station screening results, obtain the signal strength change amplitude of each 5G base station within the screening range at multiple time nodes, extract the corresponding average signal-to-noise ratio, and calculate the access ranking level of each 5G base station. S113: Based on the base station access ranking level, select the top-ranked 5G base stations, call their ranking order and window number, and combine the two to obtain the optimal base station access sequence.

4. The 5G-based real-time video transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for obtaining the partition bandwidth association parameters are as follows: S211: Based on the optimal access sequence of the base station, analyze the signal transmission characteristics between the 5G base station and the terminal, compare the correspondence between the bandwidth and availability of each 5G base station and the priority order, determine the arrangement relationship of the data carrying sequence of each 5G base station, and obtain the effective channel sorting coefficient. S212: Based on the channel effective sorting coefficient, combined with the pixel density of each video frame partition and the motion vector amplitude between corresponding frames, filter the frame partitions that are key to the matching degree of channel transmission characteristics and partition features, calculate the channel matching degree coefficient of each frame partition, filter the partition with the best matching degree performance, and obtain the matching enhancement identifier group. S213: Based on the matching enhancement identifier group, determine the coding priority level of each partition, optimize the sorting of the partition in the coding sequence, jointly analyze the pixel density, motion vector amplitude and coding order of the partition, calculate the coupling between the partition and channel resources, and obtain the partition bandwidth correlation parameters.

5. The 5G-based real-time video transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for obtaining the encoding allocation mapping data are as follows: S311: Based on the partition bandwidth association parameters, analyze the channel bandwidth and transmission capability parameters corresponding to each video frame partition, compare the matching between partition parameters and channel capabilities, filter partition numbers that meet the adaptation criteria, and obtain a partition matching degree sequence. S312: Based on the partition matching degree sequence, analyze the pixel density and motion vector amplitude, determine the difference between the original coding parameters and the current partition features, adjust the bit rate and quantization parameters of each partition, sort out the configuration changes, and obtain the partition coding adjustment amount; S313: Based on the partition coding adjustment amount, optimize the correspondence between partition number and coding parameters, analyze the modification records and parameter configuration changes, construct a complete partition parameter configuration, and obtain coding allocation mapping data.

6. The 5G-based real-time video transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for obtaining the link compression adjustment index are as follows: S411: Based on the encoding allocation mapping data, analyze the parameter adjustment record and partition parameter index, compare the bandwidth utilization of the uplink and downlink between the mobile terminal and the 5G base station, and determine the difference in uplink and downlink transmission capabilities in combination with the bandwidth requirements of the current frame type to obtain the bandwidth utilization difference item. S412: Based on the bandwidth utilization difference item, filter the packet loss data and total transmission data within the link cycle, calculate the packet loss ratio of the link, and combine the statistics of continuous effective transmission segments to determine the directional differences between the uplink and downlink in terms of packet loss ratio and continuity index, and obtain the link direction adjustment item. S413: Based on the link direction adjustment item, compare the compression parameters associated with the frame type to be sent, calculate the correlation between the quantization step size, compression coefficient and frame type bandwidth requirement, determine the compression direction adjustment range, optimize the compression parameters, and obtain the link compression adjustment index.

7. The 5G-based real-time video transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps also include: S5: Based on the link compression adjustment index, determine the current link stability, analyze the compression settings of the frames to be sent, adjust the compression parameters of the frames to be sent, and simultaneously organize all parameter update results to obtain the compression change trend. The compression change trend includes the compression change curve, trend identifier, and parameter variation set.

8. The 5G-based real-time video transmission method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific steps for obtaining the compression change trend are as follows: S511: Based on the link compression adjustment index, determine the data packet loss situation in the uplink and downlink transmission, compare the actual bandwidth utilization, filter the data nodes that continuously show abnormalities during the transmission process, adjust the data synchronization consistency within the time distribution range, optimize the link transmission state, and obtain the link stable state mode. S512: Based on the link stability mode, analyze the current compression ratio configuration of the frame to be sent, compare the retention ratio of the image region, optimize the encoding rate setting, calculate the bandwidth requirement of the frame type to be sent, filter pixel-dense regions and partitions with large motion amplitude, adjust the compression parameter allocation, and obtain the frame compression configuration change information. S513: Based on the frame compression configuration change information, determine the compression parameter adjustment content of all frames to be sent, optimize the configuration adjustment sequence change process, compare the change trajectory of each frame in the time sequence, filter the parameter change trend of key frames, summarize the change pattern of continuous behavior chain, and obtain the compression change trend.

9. The 5G-based real-time video transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal change trend refers to the continuous change of the wireless signal strength transmitted by the 5G base station to the mobile terminal at different times and different terminal locations. The pixel density refers to the number of pixels or the amount of pixel change per unit area of ​​each partition of the video frame. The matching status refers to the adaptation between the feature parameters of each partition and the channel bandwidth and transmission capacity.

10. A 5G-based real-time video transmission system, characterized in that, The system is used to implement the 5G-based real-time video transmission method according to any one of claims 1-9, and the system comprises: The access optimization module is based on mobile terminal devices. It analyzes the real-time signal strength between the mobile terminal device and each 5G base station, judges the signal change trend of the 5G base station, compares the distance and signal conditions between the 5G base station and the terminal, and selects 5G base stations with large changes in service carrying capacity for window optimization based on the real-time bandwidth request of the video stream. The 5G base stations in the access window are sorted according to the signal to obtain the optimal access sequence of the base stations. The channel adaptation coding module compares the current 5G wireless channel transmission capacity and the pixel density of each video frame partition based on the optimal access sequence of the base station, analyzes the impact of motion vector amplitude on the partition channel matching degree, filters partitions with pixel density and motion vector amplitude that are correlated with channel transmission capacity, adjusts the coding priority of the partitions, and obtains the partition bandwidth correlation parameters. Based on the partition bandwidth association parameters, the parameter allocation module determines the matching status of each partition, analyzes the partitions above the threshold and optimizes the encoding parameters, optimizes the allocation method of partition encoding parameters, and organizes the parameter configuration results of the partitions to obtain encoding allocation mapping data. Based on the encoding allocation mapping data, the link compression adjustment module analyzes the remaining uplink and downlink transmission capabilities of the mobile terminal and the 5G base station, compares the link packet loss ratio and transmission continuity, and calculates the differences between the uplink and downlink by combining the frame type and expected bandwidth usage, determines the link direction that needs to be adjusted, and obtains the link compression adjustment index. Based on the link compression adjustment index, the compression trend synchronization module judges the current link's operational stability, analyzes the compression settings of the frames to be sent, adjusts the compression parameters of the frames to be sent, and synchronously organizes the update results of the compression parameters of all frames to be sent to obtain the compression change trend.

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