Dry quenching process system capable of effectively reducing pipe explosion of boiler

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of dry quenching processes, and particularly relates to a dry quenching process system capable of effectively reducing boiler tube explosion, which is characterized in that the overall waste heat flue gas flow direction is vertically and annularly arranged, the starting point is from the circulating flue gas outlet of a dry quenching furnace, and the end point is from the circulating flue gas outlet of the dry quenching furnace to the air inlet of the dry quenching furnace; a circulating flue gas outlet of the dry quenching furnace is connected with a flue A, a downward outlet of the flue A is connected with a primary dust remover, an upward outlet of the flue A is connected with a flue B, an inlet of the flue B is provided with a waste heat boiler superheater and a waste heat boiler reheater from bottom to top, and an outlet of the flue B is sequentially provided with a waste heat boiler evaporator, a flue C and a secondary dust remover from top to bottom. A purified flue gas outlet of the secondary dust remover is connected with a waste heat boiler economizer through a flue D, an outlet of the waste heat boiler economizer is communicated with a flue E, and the flue E is connected to an air inlet of the dry quenching furnace through a circulating fan and a water supply preheater in sequence. The method has the beneficial effects that abrasion to a heat exchange tube bundle of a subsequent boiler is relieved, and the risk of tube explosion of the boiler is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of dry quenching technology, and particularly relates to a dry quenching process system that effectively reduces boiler tube rupture. Background Technology

[0002] Dry quenching is a coke quenching technology that uses inert gas to cool red-hot coke in a closed system. It recovers heat energy through heat exchange between the circulating gas and the high-temperature coke, converting it into steam for power generation. This process offers advantages such as energy saving, environmental protection, and improved coke quality. The core procedures include red-hot coke loading, inert gas circulation cooling, waste heat recovery, and a multi-stage dust removal system. After the inert gas contacts the red-hot coke in a counter-current manner within the dry quenching furnace, it is cooled and recycled through a waste heat boiler, cooling the coke to below 200°C before being discharged. Compared to wet quenching, it avoids the spread of phenol and cyanide pollution, reduces water consumption, and significantly improves coke strength indicators (M40, CSR).

[0003] A dry quenching coke boiler is a special type of waste heat boiler and an important component of a dry quenching system. A tube rupture in a dry quenching coke boiler is a major accident in production. After a tube rupture, the leaked water vapor enters the quenching furnace along with the circulating gas and reacts with the red-hot coke in a water-gas reaction, causing H₂ to accumulate in the circulating gas. 2 With a sharp increase in CO content, H 2 When the CO content reaches the corresponding explosion limit, it will cause the combustible gases in the entire system to explode, and in severe cases, it will lead to the collapse of the dry quenching furnace. If a tube rupture in a dry quenching coke boiler is not detected in time, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam ejected from the ruptured tube will continuously erode the surrounding adjacent tubes, causing damage to the surrounding tubes. The damaged tubes will then rupture, affecting the adjacent tubes in the same way, presenting a vicious chain reaction.

[0004] Therefore, reducing boiler tube wear to decrease boiler tube rupture is a feasible solution, but there are no relevant literature reports. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an effective dry quenching process system for reducing boiler tube rupture, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies. By installing a primary dust collector and a secondary dust collector in the dry quenching waste heat boiler, the dust removal efficiency is improved, and the tendency of dust to wear on the internal flue of the waste heat boiler is reduced. In particular, by arranging the secondary dust collector between the evaporator and the economizer of the waste heat boiler, the wear of the economizer heat exchange tube bundle is further reduced, thereby reducing the risk of boiler tube rupture.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A dry quenching process system for effectively reducing boiler tube rupture includes a dry quenching furnace, a primary dust collector, a waste heat boiler superheater, a waste heat boiler reheater, a waste heat boiler evaporator, a secondary dust collector, a waste heat boiler economizer, a circulating fan, and a feedwater preheater. The overall waste heat flue gas flow direction is arranged in a vertical ring, starting from the circulating flue gas outlet of the dry quenching furnace and ending at the air inlet of the dry quenching furnace. The circulating flue gas outlet of the dry quenching furnace is connected to flue A. The downward outlet of flue A is connected to the primary dust collector, and the upward outlet of flue A is connected to flue B. At the inlet of flue B, from bottom to top, there are a waste heat boiler superheater and a waste heat boiler reheater. At the outlet of flue B, from top to bottom, there are a waste heat boiler evaporator, flue C, and a secondary dust collector. The purified flue gas outlet of the secondary dust collector is connected to the waste heat boiler economizer via flue D. The outlet of the waste heat boiler economizer is connected to flue E. Flue E is connected to the air inlet of the dry quenching furnace via the circulating fan and the feedwater preheater.

[0008] Furthermore, flue A is a horizontal T-shaped structure, with the inlet of flue A located at one end of the horizontal section of the flue, and the outlet of flue A being one above and one below; flue B is a Π-shaped structure, with the crossbeam section located at the top.

[0009] Furthermore, the flue D consists of two symmetrical flues, with the inner diameter and length of the two flues being identical.

[0010] Furthermore, the secondary dust collector is arranged between the waste heat boiler evaporator and the waste heat boiler economizer.

[0011] Furthermore, the inlet and outlet of the flue B are rotated 180°.

[0012] Furthermore, the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler is vertically upward, and the flue gas outlet is vertically downward.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner diameter ratio of flue A: flue B: flue C: flue D: flue E is 3-4:3-4:1.5-2.0:1.1-1.3:1.

[0014] Furthermore, the circulating gas from the dry quenching furnace at ~950°C enters the primary dust collector vertically downwards through flue A. Large coke particles are discharged after settling. The circulating gas then enters the waste heat boiler vertically upwards through flue A, passing sequentially from bottom to top through the waste heat boiler superheater, waste heat boiler reheater, and flue B. During this process, coke particles are further removed. From the outlet of flue B, the circulating gas passes downwards through the waste heat boiler evaporator. After heat exchange in the waste heat boiler evaporator, the temperature of the circulating gas drops to ~350°C and enters the secondary dust collector through flue C. After another removal of coke particles, the circulating gas passes through flue D, through the waste heat boiler economizer, and enters flue E. In flue E, the flue gas is heat-exchanged by the circulating fan and feedwater preheater, and the ~130°C circulating gas enters the dry quenching furnace, thus repeating the cycle.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1) The dry quenching waste heat boiler is connected to the primary dust collector through the horizontal T-shaped flue A. The dust enters the primary dust collector vertically downwards. Through the vertical structure, the dust removal efficiency is greatly improved.

[0017] 2) By passing vertically from bottom to top through the waste heat boiler superheater and waste heat boiler reheater, the hot circulating gas can still remove coke particles by gravity during the heat exchange process, further improving the dust removal efficiency and reducing the wear on the heat exchange tube bundle of the subsequent boiler.

[0018] 3) By arranging a secondary dust collector between the waste heat boiler evaporator and the waste heat boiler economizer, the secondary dust collector further removes coke particles, greatly reducing the coke content in the circulating gas and greatly reducing the wear on the heat exchange tube bundle of the waste heat boiler economizer.

[0019] 4) The boiler flue gas inlet and outlet are on the same straight line, which reduces the local wear caused by the airflow deviation caused by the original boiler inlet and outlet being arranged at 90°, thereby reducing the risk of boiler tube rupture;

[0020] 5) This invention is applicable to the dry quenching waste heat recovery technology in coking plants, as well as other similar waste heat recovery and utilization equipment, which effectively reduces the risk of boiler tube rupture. After the modification, the tube rupture rate is reduced from 1 time / year to 0.25 times / year. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a standard design process flow diagram;

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Dry quenching furnace, 2-Flue A, 3-Primary dust collector, 4-Waste heat boiler superheater, 5-Waste heat boiler reheater, 6-Flue B, 7-Waste heat boiler evaporator, 8-Flue C, 9-Secondary dust collector, 10-Flue D, 11-Waste heat boiler economizer, 12-Flue E, 13-Circulating fan, 14-Feed water preheater, 15-Flue H, 16-Flue I, 17-Flue J. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0027] See Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a dry quenching process system for effectively reducing boiler tube rupture according to the present invention. It includes a dry quenching furnace 1, a primary dust collector 3, a waste heat boiler superheater 4, a waste heat boiler reheater 5, a waste heat boiler evaporator 7, a secondary dust collector 9, a waste heat boiler economizer 11, a circulating fan 13, and a feedwater preheater 14. The overall waste heat flue gas flow direction is arranged in a vertical ring, starting from the circulating flue gas outlet of the dry quenching furnace 1 and ending at the air inlet of the dry quenching furnace 1. The circulating flue gas outlet of the dry quenching furnace 1 is connected to flue A2, and the downward outlet of flue A2 is connected to the primary dust collector 3. Large coke particles are discharged from flue A2 after settling. 2. The upward outlet connects to flue B6. At the inlet of flue B6, from bottom to top, there are waste heat boiler superheater 4 and waste heat boiler reheater 5. At the outlet of flue B6, from top to bottom, there are waste heat boiler evaporator 7, flue C8 and secondary dust collector 9. Gravity is used to remove coke powder particles from the circulating gas. The dust removal efficiency is high and the wear on the heat exchange tube bundle of the subsequent boiler is reduced. The purified flue gas outlet of the secondary dust collector 9 is connected to waste heat boiler economizer 11 via flue D10. The outlet of waste heat boiler economizer 11 is connected to flue E12. Flue E12 is connected to the air inlet of dry quenching furnace 1 via circulating fan 13 and feedwater preheater 14.

[0028] Flue A2 is a horizontal T-shaped structure. The inlet of flue A2 is located at one end of the horizontal flue section, and the outlet of flue A2 is one above and one below. Flue B6 is a Π-shaped structure, with the crossbeam section located at the top.

[0029] Flue D10 consists of two symmetrical flues, with the same inner diameter and length.

[0030] The secondary dust collector 9 is arranged between the waste heat boiler evaporator 7 and the waste heat boiler economizer 11, which can reduce the wear of the inner tube of the waste heat boiler economizer 11. The inlet and outlet of the flue B6 are turned 180° to remove coke particles by gravity.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the waste heat boiler consists of a waste heat boiler superheater 4, a waste heat boiler reheater 5, a waste heat boiler evaporator 7, a waste heat boiler economizer 11, and connecting flues in between. The flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler is vertically upward, and the flue gas outlet is vertically downward. The inner diameter ratio of flue A2:flue B6:flue C8:flue D10:flue E12 is 3-4:3-4:1.5-2.0:1.1-1.3:1. In this embodiment of the invention, the flue gas flow field is stable, compared to... Figure 2 Compared to conventional design processes, this method offers lower flue gas resistance and a lower temperature drop in the channel.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, circulating gas at approximately 950°C from the dry quenching furnace 1 enters the primary dust collector 3 vertically downwards through flue A2. Large coke particles are discharged after settling. The circulating gas then enters the waste heat boiler of the dry quenching furnace vertically upwards through flue A2, passing sequentially from bottom to top through the waste heat boiler superheater 4, the waste heat boiler reheater 5, and flue B6, where coke particles are further removed. From the outlet of flue B6, the gas passes downwards through the waste heat boiler evaporator 7. After heat exchange in the waste heat boiler evaporator 7, the temperature of the circulating gas drops to approximately 350°C and enters the secondary dust collector 9 through flue C8. After another removal of coke particles, the circulating gas passes through flue D10, through the waste heat boiler economizer 11, and enters flue E12. The flue gas in flue E12 is then heat-exchanged by the circulating fan 13 and the feedwater preheater 14, and the circulating gas at approximately 130°C enters the dry quenching furnace 1, thus repeating the cycle.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dry quenching process system for effectively reducing boiler tube rupture, characterized in that, The system includes a dry quenching furnace, a primary dust collector, a waste heat boiler superheater, a waste heat boiler reheater, a waste heat boiler evaporator, a secondary dust collector, a waste heat boiler economizer, a circulating fan, and a feedwater preheater. The overall waste heat flue gas flow direction is arranged in a vertical ring, starting from the circulating flue gas outlet of the dry quenching furnace and ending at the air inlet of the dry quenching furnace. The circulating flue gas outlet of the dry quenching furnace is connected to flue A. The downward outlet of flue A is connected to the primary dust collector, and the upward outlet of flue A is connected to flue B. At the inlet of flue B, from bottom to top, there are waste heat boiler superheaters and waste heat boiler reheaters. At the outlet of flue B, from top to bottom, there are waste heat boiler evaporators, flue C, and secondary dust collectors. The purified flue gas outlet of the secondary dust collector is connected to the waste heat boiler economizer via flue D. The outlet of the waste heat boiler economizer is connected to flue E. Flue E is connected to the air inlet of the dry quenching furnace via the circulating fan and the feedwater preheater.

2. The dry quenching process system for effectively reducing boiler tube rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue A is a horizontal T-shaped structure, with the inlet of flue A located at one end of the horizontal section of the flue, and the outlet of flue A being one above and one below; the flue B is a Π-shaped structure, with the crossbeam section located at the top.

3. The dry quenching process system for effectively reducing boiler tube rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue D consists of two symmetrical flues, with the same inner diameter and length.

4. The dry quenching process system for effectively reducing boiler tube rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary dust collector is arranged between the waste heat boiler evaporator and the waste heat boiler economizer.

5. The dry quenching process system for effectively reducing boiler tube rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet of the flue B are rotated 180°.

6. The dry quenching process system for effectively reducing boiler tube rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler is vertically upward, and the flue gas outlet is vertically downward.

7. The dry quenching process system for effectively reducing boiler tube rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter ratio of flue A, flue B, flue C, flue D, and flue E is 3-4:3-4:1.5-2.0:1.1-1.3:

1.

8. The dry quenching process system for effectively reducing boiler tube rupture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating gas from the dry quenching furnace, at a temperature of approximately 950°C, enters the primary dust collector vertically downwards through flue A. Large coke particles are discharged after settling. The circulating gas then enters the waste heat boiler vertically upwards through flue A, passing sequentially from bottom to top through the waste heat boiler superheater, waste heat boiler reheater, and flue B. During this process, coke particles are further removed. From the outlet of flue B, the circulating gas passes downwards through the waste heat boiler evaporator. After heat exchange in the waste heat boiler evaporator, the temperature of the circulating gas drops to approximately 350°C and enters the secondary dust collector through flue C. After another removal of coke particles, the circulating gas passes through flue D, through the waste heat boiler economizer, and enters flue E. In flue E, the flue gas undergoes heat exchange through a circulating fan and a feedwater preheater, and the circulating gas at a temperature of approximately 130°C enters the dry quenching furnace, thus repeating the cycle.

Images