A turbine and piston combined seawater desalination device

Abstract

This invention discloses a turbine-piston composite seawater desalination device in the field of energy recovery technology. The device includes a seawater treatment tank with a concentrated brine input pipe fixedly installed on one side. A turbine-piston composite structure is installed inside the concentrated brine input pipe, comprising: a turbine unit (composed of turbine assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the concentrated brine input pipe, each turbine assembly containing a biomimetic blade assembly); a piston unit (located inside the concentrated brine input pipe, connected to the turbine unit via a linkage assembly); and a detection unit (capable of monitoring the concentrated brine operating conditions). This invention addresses the problems of narrow operating range, high cavitation loss, poor corrosion resistance, and low efficiency stability inherent in turbine-type energy recovery devices through the turbine-piston composite structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy recovery technology, specifically to a turbine and piston combined seawater desalination device. Background Technology

[0002] During seawater desalination, concentrated brine carries a significant amount of pressure energy. Effectively recovering this energy can significantly reduce system energy consumption. Currently, commonly used turbine-type energy recovery devices are mostly single-turbine structures, which can only be adapted to specific pressure ranges. Their efficiency drops drastically under high-pressure or low-pressure concentrated brine conditions, with the industry average energy conversion efficiency below 70%.

[0003] Meanwhile, traditional turbine blade designs do not fully consider hydrodynamic characteristics, resulting in significant cavitation losses and impacting energy conversion efficiency. Furthermore, in high-salinity environments, metal turbines are susceptible to corrosion, leading to shortened device lifespan, reduced efficiency stability, and difficulty in meeting the requirements for long-term stable operation. These issues limit the further application of turbine-based energy recovery devices in fields such as seawater desalination. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a turbine-piston composite seawater desalination device to solve the problems of narrow operating conditions, large cavitation loss, poor corrosion resistance and low efficiency stability of turbine-type energy recovery devices.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a turbine-piston composite seawater desalination device, comprising a seawater treatment tank, a concentrated brine input pipe fixedly installed on one side of the seawater treatment tank, and a turbine-piston composite structure disposed within the concentrated brine input pipe, the turbine-piston composite structure comprising:

[0006] Turbine Unit: The turbine unit consists of turbine assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the concentrated brine input pipe. A biomimetic blade assembly is provided inside the turbine assembly. The biomimetic blade assembly adopts an asymmetric blade assembly based on the whale fin vortex control principle.

[0007] Piston unit: The piston unit is located inside the concentrated brine input pipe, and the piston unit is connected to the turbine unit through a linkage assembly;

[0008] Detection unit: The detection unit can detect the concentrated brine working condition. When the concentrated brine working condition is under high pressure, the piston unit is the main working drive. When the concentrated brine working condition is under low pressure, the turbine unit is the main working drive.

[0009] The turbine assembly includes a turbine body, within which a rotating body is rotatably disposed. Multiple sets of rotating disks are rotatably mounted on the outer side of the rotating body. Turbine blades are fixedly mounted on the rotating disks. The edge of the turbine blades away from the rotating body is provided with asymmetrical whale fin teeth. An inlet pipe is fixedly mounted at the input end of the turbine body, and a guide pipe is fixedly mounted at the output end of the turbine body. The ends of the inlet pipe and the guide pipe away from the turbine body are both fixedly mounted on the concentrated brine inlet pipe. The outer surfaces of the rotating body and the turbine blades are coated with an anti-corrosion coating, which is a gradient nano-ceramic coating.

[0010] The piston unit includes a piston body and a transmission crossbar. The piston body is slidably connected inside the concentrated brine input pipe. The transmission crossbar is rotatably connected to the end of the concentrated brine input pipe away from the seawater treatment tank. Multiple sets of connecting discs are fixedly installed at the middle position of the transmission crossbar. An installation shaft is fixedly installed between two sets of connecting discs. A connecting plate is rotatably installed on the installation shaft. A piston rod is rotatably installed on the end of the connecting plate away from the installation shaft through a rotating seat. The end of the piston rod away from the transmission crossbar is fixedly connected to the piston body.

[0011] The blade chord length of the turbine blade gradually changes from 0.1m to 0.3m radially, the maximum thickness is 1 / 8 to 1 / 6 of the chord length, and the initial installation angle is 15° to 25°. Multiple sets of rotating motors are fixedly installed inside the rotating body, and the output ends of the multiple sets of rotating motors are fixedly connected to the rotating disk.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the linkage assembly includes a side gearbox, an upper gearbox, and a rear gearbox. The rear gearbox spans the upper end of the concentrated brine input pipe. Both ends of the transmission crossbar are inserted into the rear gearbox. The side gearbox is fixedly installed on one side of the turbine body. The upper ends of the side gearbox and the rear gearbox are connected through the upper gearbox. The upper gearbox is T-shaped. A drive motor is fixedly installed on one side of each side gearbox. The drive motor can drive the rotating body to rotate.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a main drive shaft is rotatably mounted at the middle position of the transverse side inside the upper gearbox. A small gear is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the main drive shaft, and a large gear is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the main drive shaft. A first connecting rod and a second connecting rod are rotatably arranged on the edge of the main drive shaft. A driven gear is fixedly mounted on both the first and second connecting rods. The driven gear on the first connecting rod can mesh with the small gear, and the driven gear on the second connecting rod can mesh with the large gear. A lifting seat is rotatably connected to the main drive shaft, and the lower end of the lifting seat is fixedly mounted inside the upper gearbox.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the main drive shaft is driven to rotate through the bevel gear, transmission chain and transmission gear in the side gearbox and the upper gearbox. The drive motor can drive the main drive shaft to rotate through the side gearbox and the upper gearbox. The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are linked to the transmission crossbar through the bevel gear, transmission chain and transmission gear in the upper gearbox and the rear gearbox. The rotation of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod can drive the transmission crossbar to rotate.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the detection unit includes a detection device and a controller body. The detection device includes a pressure sensor and a flow control valve. The flow control valve is installed at the connection between the concentrated brine input pipe and the seawater treatment tank. The upper end of the pressure sensor is fixedly installed on a mounting rod, and the upper end of the mounting rod extends into the upper gearbox. The controller body is capable of controlling the drive motor and the lifting seat.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the gradient nano-ceramic coating consists of an adhesive layer, a transition layer and a functional layer from the inside out. The adhesive layer is made of nickel-chromium alloy and has a thickness of 5-10 μm; the transition layer is made of zirconium oxide-alumina composite ceramic and has a thickness of 20-30 μm; and the functional layer is made of titanium oxide nano-ceramic and has a thickness of 15-20 μm.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a support frame is fixedly installed at the lower end of the concentrated brine input pipe, and a side extension frame is provided on the support frame. The end of the side extension frame away from the concentrated brine input pipe is supported at the lower end of the turbine body.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] This invention employs a dual-modal energy recovery architecture. The turbine-piston composite structure can simultaneously adapt to both high-pressure and low-pressure brine conditions. When the device is connected to the brine outlet of a seawater desalination plant, the piston unit primarily operates when the brine pressure is 7 MPa (high-pressure condition), achieving an energy conversion efficiency of 86.5%. When the brine pressure is 3 MPa (low-pressure condition), the turbine unit primarily operates, achieving an energy conversion efficiency of 85.2%. Compared to a traditional single-turbine unit (efficiency 68%), energy consumption is reduced by 0.12 kWh / m³. 3 The energy conversion efficiency reaches over 85%, breaking through the efficiency bottleneck of traditional single turbine structures, and reducing energy consumption by ≥0.1kWh / m³. 3 Based on the biomimetic blade design of whale fin vortex control principle, cavitation erosion loss is reduced by 15%, and the salt gradient energy conversion efficiency is improved to ≥10 after optimization by fluid dynamics simulation.

[0020] This invention utilizes a biomimetic blade design based on the whale fin vortex control principle. Whale fin morphology data was acquired through 3D scanning, and parameters such as the leading edge curvature radius (50mm), trailing edge sweep angle (30°), and aspect ratio (5) were extracted to establish an initial blade model. After optimization through fluid dynamics simulation, the blade chord length was determined to be 0.1-0.3m, thickness 0.015-0.04m, and installation angle 20°. This blade was applied to a turbine unit and tested in concentrated brine with a salinity of 30g / L and a pressure of 4MPa. The cavitation erosion loss was 8%, a 15% reduction compared to traditional symmetrical blades (cavitation erosion loss 10%). Further optimization through fluid dynamics simulation improved the salinity gradient energy conversion efficiency to ≥10%. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the concentrated brine input pipe of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the turbine body of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A partial structural diagram at point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gear transmission structure in this invention.

[0029] In the attached diagram: 1. Seawater treatment tank; 2. Concentrated brine inlet pipe; 3. Rear gearbox; 4. Side gearbox; 5. Turbine body; 6. Controller body; 7. Guide pipe; 8. Support frame; 9. Upper gearbox; 10. Transmission crossbar; 11. Piston body; 12. Piston rod; 13. Detection equipment; 14. Inlet pipe; 15. Mounting shaft; 16. Connecting plate; 17. Rotating seat; 18. Rotating body; 19. Rotating disk; 20. Turbine blade; 21. Whale fin asymmetric teeth; 22. Main drive shaft; 23. Pinion; 24. Large gear; 25. Driven gear; 26. First connecting rod; 27. Second connecting rod; 28. Connecting disk. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-7 This invention provides a technical solution: a turbine-piston composite seawater desalination device, comprising a seawater treatment tank 1, a concentrated brine input pipe 2 fixedly installed on one side of the seawater treatment tank 1, and a turbine-piston composite structure disposed inside the concentrated brine input pipe 2, the turbine-piston composite structure comprising:

[0032] Turbine Unit: The turbine unit consists of turbine assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the concentrated brine input pipe 2. Bionic blade assemblies are installed inside the turbine assemblies. The bionic blade assemblies are asymmetric blade assemblies based on the whale fin vortex control principle.

[0033] Piston unit: The piston unit is located inside the concentrated brine inlet pipe 2, and the piston unit is connected to the turbine unit through a linkage assembly;

[0034] Detection Unit: The detection unit can detect the concentrated brine working condition. When the concentrated brine working condition is under high pressure (≥6MPa), the piston unit is the main working drive. When the concentrated brine working condition is under low pressure (2-4MPa), the turbine unit is the main working drive.

[0035] During operation, this invention employs a dual-modal energy recovery architecture. The turbine-piston composite structure can simultaneously adapt to both high-pressure and low-pressure brine conditions. When the device is connected to the brine outlet of a seawater desalination plant, the piston unit primarily operates when the brine pressure is 7 MPa (high-pressure condition), achieving an energy conversion efficiency of 86.5%. When the brine pressure is 3 MPa (low-pressure condition), the turbine unit primarily operates, achieving an energy conversion efficiency of 85.2%. Compared to a traditional single-turbine unit (efficiency 68%), energy consumption is reduced by 0.12 kWh / m³. 3 The energy conversion efficiency reaches over 85%, breaking through the efficiency bottleneck of traditional single turbine structures, and reducing energy consumption by ≥0.1kWh / m³. 3 Based on the whale fin vortex control principle, a biomimetic blade design reduces cavitation erosion loss by 15%. Through fluid dynamics simulation optimization, the salinity gradient energy conversion efficiency is improved to ≥10%. This invention utilizes whale fin morphology data obtained through 3D scanning to extract parameters such as leading-edge curvature radius of 50mm, trailing-edge sweep angle of 30°, and aspect ratio of 5 to establish an initial blade model. Through fluid dynamics simulation optimization, the blade chord length is determined to be 0.1-0.3m, thickness 0.015-0.04m, and installation angle 20°. This blade is applied to a turbine unit and tested in concentrated brine with a salinity of 30g / L and a pressure of 4MPa. The cavitation erosion loss is 8%, a 15% reduction compared to traditional symmetrical blades (cavitation erosion loss 10%). Through fluid dynamics simulation optimization, the salinity gradient energy conversion efficiency is improved to ≥10%.

[0036] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the turbine assembly includes a turbine body 5, a rotating body 18 is rotatably disposed inside the turbine body 5, a plurality of rotating disks 19 are rotatably mounted on the outer side of the rotating body 18, turbine blades 20 are fixedly mounted on the rotating disks 19, and asymmetrical whale fin teeth 21 are provided on the edge of the turbine blades 20 away from the rotating body 18. An inlet pipe 14 is fixedly mounted at the input end of the turbine body 5, and a guide pipe 7 is fixedly mounted at the output end of the turbine body 5. The ends of the inlet pipe 14 and the guide pipe 7 away from the turbine body 5 are both fixedly mounted on the concentrated brine inlet pipe 2. The outer surfaces of the rotating body 18 and the turbine blades 20 are coated with an anti-corrosion coating, which is a gradient nano-ceramic coating.

[0037] During operation, this invention acquires three-dimensional morphological data of a whale fin through 3D scanning. Key feature parameters such as the leading-edge curvature, trailing-edge sweep angle, and aspect ratio of the whale fin are extracted using image processing software. An initial model of turbine blade 20 is established in 3D modeling software, and the extracted feature parameters are mapped proportionally to the turbine blade 20 model. The blade chord length is set to 0.1-0.3m, the thickness to 1 / 8-1 / 6 of the chord length, and the installation angle to 15°-25°. The initial model is then imported into fluid dynamics simulation software, where the fluid medium is set to concentrated brine with a salinity ≥25g / L, the inlet pressure to 2-6MPa, and the flow velocity to 1-3m / s. Numerical simulation is performed to analyze the cavitation loss distribution. With the goal of minimizing cavitation loss, the blade parameters are iteratively adjusted to obtain a biomimetic blade parameterized model. The metal surface of the device is pretreated by first degreasing with an alkaline cleaning agent, then removing rust with hydrochloric acid, and finally sandblasting to achieve a surface roughness of Ra3. The gradient nano-ceramic coating, with a thickness of 0.2-Ra6.3μm, employs plasma spraying technology to coat nickel-chromium alloy powder onto the pretreated surface at a temperature of 500-600℃, forming a bonding layer with a thickness of 5-10μm. Then, using supersonic flame spraying technology, zirconium oxide-alumina composite ceramic powder (mass ratio 7:3) is sprayed onto the bonding layer surface at a temperature of 800-1000℃, forming a transition layer with a thickness of 20-30μm. Finally, using magnetron sputtering technology, titanium oxide target material is sputtered onto the transition layer surface at a power of 100-150W under an argon atmosphere, forming a functional layer with a thickness of 15-20μm. This application of the gradient nano-ceramic coating effectively solves the corrosion problem in high-salinity environments, maintaining an efficiency stability of over 80% during 7 days of continuous testing, extending the device's service life. The biomimetic blade parametric modeling method and the anti-corrosion coating preparation process have repeatability and scalable production potential, which is beneficial for the widespread application of the device.

[0038] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the piston unit includes a piston body 11 and a transmission crossbar 10. The piston body 11 is slidably connected inside the concentrated brine input pipe 2. The transmission crossbar 10 is rotatably connected to the end of the concentrated brine input pipe 2 away from the seawater treatment tank 1. Multiple sets of connecting discs 28 are fixedly installed at the middle position of the transmission crossbar 10. An installation shaft 15 is fixedly installed between two sets of connecting discs 28. A connecting plate 16 is rotatably installed on the installation shaft 15. A piston rod 12 is rotatably installed on the end of the connecting plate 16 away from the installation shaft 15 through a rotating seat 17. The end of the piston rod 12 away from the transmission crossbar 10 is fixedly connected to the piston body 11.

[0039] During operation, the piston body 11 in this invention reciprocates within the concentrated brine input pipe 2 via the rotation of the transmission crossbar 10. The rotation of the transmission crossbar 10 drives the connecting plate 28 to rotate. As a result, the rotation of the connecting plate 28 causes the mounting shaft 15 to move in a circular motion. The mounting shaft 15, which moves in a circular motion, pulls the piston rod 12 to move back and forth via the connecting plate 16. The piston rod 12 then pulls the piston body 11 to move back and forth within the concentrated brine input pipe 2.

[0040] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the linkage assembly includes a side gearbox 4, an upper gearbox 9, and a rear gearbox 3. The rear gearbox 3 spans the upper end of the concentrated brine input pipe 2. Both ends of the transmission crossbar 10 are inserted into the rear gearbox 3. A side gearbox 4 is fixedly installed on one side of the turbine body 5. The upper end of the side gearbox 4 and the rear gearbox 3 are connected through the upper gearbox 9. The upper gearbox 9 is T-shaped. A drive motor is fixedly installed on one side of the side gearbox 4. The drive motor can drive the rotating body 18 to rotate.

[0041] During operation, the present invention uses a drive motor as the main driving source. The drive motor drives the rotating body 18 to rotate, thereby controlling the turbine blades 20 to rotate. When the concentrated brine is under low pressure (2-4MPa), the drive motor rotates at high speed. The rotation of the turbine blades 20 causes the low-pressure concentrated brine to enter the turbine body 5 through the inlet pipe 14, and then enters the other end of the concentrated brine input pipe 2 through the guide pipe 7, thus entering the subsequent seawater treatment processing steps.

[0042] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a main drive shaft 22 is rotatably mounted at the middle position of the transverse side inside the upper gearbox 9. A small gear 23 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the main drive shaft 22, and a large gear 24 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the main drive shaft 22. A first connecting rod 26 and a second connecting rod 27 are rotatably arranged on the edge of the main drive shaft 22. A driven gear 25 is fixedly mounted on both the first connecting rod 26 and the second connecting rod 27. The driven gear 25 on the first connecting rod 26 can mesh with the small gear 23, and the driven gear 25 on the second connecting rod 27 can mesh with the large gear 24. A lifting seat is rotatably connected to the main drive shaft 22, and the lower end of the lifting seat is fixedly mounted inside the upper gearbox 9.

[0043] During operation, when the drive motor rotates, it drives the main drive shaft 22 to rotate through the bevel gears, transmission chain, and transmission gears in the side gearbox 4 and upper gearbox 9. The rotation of the main drive shaft 22 drives the pinion 23 and the large gear 24 to rotate. When the concentrated brine condition is at low pressure (2-4 MPa), the turbine unit acts as the main driving force, causing the lifting seat to descend. This engages the pinion with the driven gear 25, and disengages the large gear 24 from the driven gear 25, thereby causing the first connecting rod 26 to rotate. The rotation of the first connecting rod 26, through the upper gearbox 9 and rear gearbox 3... The bevel gear, transmission chain, and transmission gear drive the transmission crossbar 10 to rotate, thereby reducing the rotational speed of the transmission crossbar 10 and thus reducing the working intensity of the piston unit, so that the piston unit can act as an auxiliary to the turbine unit. When the concentrated brine condition is under high pressure (≥6MPa), the lifting seat rises, causing the large gear 24 to mesh with the driven gear 25, thereby driving the transmission crossbar 10 to rotate through the rotation of the second connecting rod 27, increasing the rotational speed of the transmission crossbar 10, and thus increasing the working intensity of the piston unit. At this time, the piston unit is the main working drive, while the turbine unit is the auxiliary working drive.

[0044] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the main drive shaft 22 is driven to rotate through the bevel gear, transmission chain and transmission gear in the side gearbox 4 and the upper gearbox 9. The drive motor can drive the main drive shaft 22 to rotate through the side gearbox 4 and the upper gearbox 9. The first connecting rod 26 and the second connecting rod 27 are linked to the transmission crossbar 10 through the bevel gear, transmission chain and transmission gear in the upper gearbox 9 and the rear gearbox 3. The rotation of the first connecting rod 26 and the second connecting rod 27 can drive the transmission crossbar 10 to rotate.

[0045] During operation, the side gearbox 4 of this invention is equipped with drive shafts at both the upper and lower ends. The drive shafts rotate synchronously through a drive chain and drive gears. The upper drive shaft meshes with the bevel gear in the upper gearbox 9 through a bevel gear. The drive shaft at the short end of the upper gearbox 9 is linked with the main drive shaft 22 through a drive chain and drive gears. The drive shaft at the long end of the upper gearbox 9 is linked with the first connecting rod 26 and the second connecting rod 27 through a drive chain and drive gears respectively.

[0046] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the detection unit includes a detection device 13 and a controller body 6. The detection device 13 includes a pressure sensor and a flow control valve. The flow control valve is installed at the connection between the concentrated brine input pipe 2 and the seawater treatment tank 1. The upper end of the pressure sensor is fixedly installed on the mounting rod, and the upper end of the mounting rod extends into the upper gearbox 9. The controller body 6 can control the drive motor and the lifting seat.

[0047] During operation, the pressure sensor in this invention can detect the pressure intensity of the concentrated brine working condition, and the detection information can be synchronously fed back to the controller body 6. The controller body 6 adjusts the drive motor and the lifting seat according to the feedback of the concentrated brine working condition pressure.

[0048] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the blade chord length of the turbine blade 20 gradually changes from 0.1m to 0.3m in the radial direction, the maximum thickness is 1 / 8 to 1 / 6 of the chord length, the initial installation angle is 15° to 25°, and multiple sets of rotating motors are fixedly installed inside the rotating body 18, and the output ends of the multiple sets of rotating motors are fixedly connected to the rotating disk 19.

[0049] During operation, the rotating motor in this invention can drive the rotating disk 19 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating disk 19 can adjust the angle of the turbine blades 20 so that the turbine blades 20 can adapt to various working environments.

[0050] As a further aspect of the present invention, the gradient nano-ceramic coating consists of an adhesive layer, a transition layer, and a functional layer from the inside out. The adhesive layer is made of nickel-chromium alloy and has a thickness of 5-10 μm; the transition layer is made of zirconium oxide-alumina composite ceramic and has a thickness of 20-30 μm; and the functional layer is made of titanium oxide nano-ceramic and has a thickness of 15-20 μm.

[0051] During operation, the application of gradient nano-ceramic coating in this invention effectively solves the corrosion problem in high salinity environments, maintains an efficiency stability of over 80% during 7 days of continuous testing, and extends the service life of the device.

[0052] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a support frame 8 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the concentrated brine input pipe 2, and a side extension frame is provided on the support frame 8. The end of the side extension frame away from the concentrated brine input pipe 2 is supported at the lower end of the turbine body 5.

[0053] During operation, the present invention uses a support frame 8 as the bottom support for the turbine body 5 and the concentrated brine input pipe 2 to ensure the stability of the turbine body 5 and the concentrated brine input pipe 2 during the seawater desalination process.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turbine-piston composite seawater desalination device, comprising a seawater treatment tank (1), characterized in that: A concentrated brine input pipe (2) is fixedly installed on one side of the seawater treatment tank (1). A turbine-piston composite structure is installed inside the concentrated brine input pipe (2). The turbine-piston composite structure includes: Turbine unit: The turbine unit is composed of turbine assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the concentrated brine input pipe (2). The turbine assembly is provided with a biomimetic blade assembly. The biomimetic blade assembly is located inside the turbine assembly. The biomimetic blade assembly adopts an asymmetric blade assembly based on the whale fin vortex control principle. Piston unit: The piston unit is located inside the concentrated brine input pipe (2), and the piston unit is connected to the turbine unit through a linkage assembly; Detection unit: The detection unit can detect the concentrated brine working condition. When the concentrated brine working condition is under high pressure, the piston unit is the main working drive. When the concentrated brine working condition is under low pressure, the turbine unit is the main working drive. The turbine assembly includes a turbine body (5), a rotating body (18) is rotatably disposed inside the turbine body (5), and multiple rotating disks (19) are rotatably mounted on the outer side of the rotating body (18). Turbine blades (20) are fixedly mounted on the rotating disks (19). The turbine blades (20) are provided with whale fin asymmetric teeth (21) on the edge away from the rotating body (18). An inlet pipe (14) is fixedly mounted at the input end of the turbine body (5), and a guide pipe (7) is fixedly mounted at the output end of the turbine body (5). The ends of the inlet pipe (14) and the guide pipe (7) away from the turbine body (5) are both fixedly mounted on the concentrated brine input pipe (2). The outer surfaces of the rotating body (18) and the turbine blades (20) are coated with an anti-corrosion coating, which is a gradient nano-ceramic coating. The piston unit includes a piston body (11) and a transmission crossbar (10). The piston body (11) is slidably connected inside the concentrated brine input pipe (2). The transmission crossbar (10) is rotatably connected to one end of the concentrated brine input pipe (2) away from the seawater treatment tank (1). Multiple sets of connecting discs (28) are fixedly installed in the middle position of the transmission crossbar (10). An installation shaft (15) is fixedly installed between two sets of connecting discs (28). A connecting plate (16) is rotatably installed on the installation shaft (15). A piston rod (12) is rotatably installed on one end of the connecting plate (16) away from the installation shaft (15) through a rotating seat (17). The end of the piston rod (12) away from the transmission crossbar (10) is fixedly connected to the piston body (11). The blade chord length of the turbine blade (20) gradually changes from 0.1m to 0.3m in the radial direction, the maximum thickness is 1 / 8-1 / 6 of the chord length, and the initial installation angle is 15°-25°. Multiple sets of rotating motors are fixedly installed inside the rotating body (18), and the output ends of the multiple sets of rotating motors are fixedly connected to the rotating disk (19).

2. The turbine and piston combined seawater desalination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage assembly includes a side gearbox (4), an upper gearbox (9), and a rear gearbox (3). The rear gearbox (3) spans the upper end of the concentrated brine input pipe (2). Both ends of the transmission crossbar (10) are inserted into the rear gearbox (3). The side gearbox (4) is fixedly installed on one side of the turbine body (5). The upper end of the side gearbox (4) and the rear gearbox (3) are connected through the upper gearbox (9). The upper gearbox (9) is T-shaped. A drive motor is fixedly installed on one side of the side gearbox (4). The drive motor can drive the rotating body (18) to rotate.

3. The turbine and piston combined seawater desalination device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main drive shaft (22) is rotatably mounted in the middle of the horizontal side of the upper gearbox (9). A small gear (23) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the main drive shaft (22), and a large gear (24) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the main drive shaft (22). A first connecting rod (26) and a second connecting rod (27) are rotatably arranged on the edge of the main drive shaft (22). A driven gear (25) is fixedly mounted on both the first connecting rod (26) and the second connecting rod (27). The driven gear (25) on the first connecting rod (26) can mesh with the small gear (23), and the driven gear (25) on the second connecting rod (27) can mesh with the large gear (24). A lifting seat is rotatably connected to the main drive shaft (22), and the lower end of the lifting seat is fixedly mounted in the upper gearbox (9).

4. The turbine and piston combined seawater desalination device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main drive shaft (22) is driven to rotate through the bevel gear, transmission chain and transmission gear in the side gearbox (4) and the upper gearbox (9). The drive motor can drive the main drive shaft (22) to rotate through the side gearbox (4) and the upper gearbox (9). The first connecting rod (26) and the second connecting rod (27) are linked to the transmission crossbar (10) through the bevel gear, transmission chain and transmission gear in the upper gearbox (9) and the rear gearbox (3). The rotation of the first connecting rod (26) and the second connecting rod (27) can drive the transmission crossbar (10) to rotate.

5. A turbine and piston composite seawater desalination device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection unit includes a detection device (13) and a controller body (6). The detection device (13) includes a pressure sensor and a flow control valve. The flow control valve is installed at the connection between the concentrated brine input pipe (2) and the seawater treatment tank (1). The upper end of the pressure sensor is fixedly installed on the mounting rod. The upper end of the mounting rod extends into the upper gearbox (9). The controller body (6) can control the drive motor and the lifting seat.

6. The turbine and piston combined seawater desalination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gradient nano-ceramic coating consists of an adhesive layer, a transition layer, and a functional layer from the inside out. The adhesive layer is made of nickel-chromium alloy and has a thickness of 5-10 μm; the transition layer is made of zirconium oxide-alumina composite ceramic and has a thickness of 20-30 μm; and the functional layer is made of titanium oxide nano-ceramic and has a thickness of 15-20 μm.

7. The turbine and piston combined seawater desalination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame (8) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the concentrated brine input pipe (2). A side extension frame is provided on the support frame (8). The end of the side extension frame away from the concentrated brine input pipe (2) is supported at the lower end of the turbine body (5).

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