Oil damper test bed

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shock absorber detection, in particular to an oil pressure shock absorber test bench which comprises a test bench, a detection box is arranged on the test bench, a vertical detection assembly and a horizontal detection assembly are arranged on the detection box, the vertical detection assembly is used for detecting the shock absorption performance of a shock absorber in the vertical direction, and the horizontal detection assembly is used for detecting the shock absorption performance of the shock absorber in the horizontal direction. The horizontal detection assembly is used for detecting the damping performance of the damper in the horizontal direction, the vertical detection assembly comprises a vertical detection frame, a vertical plate is vertically arranged on the vertical detection frame in a sliding mode, a first displacement sensor electrically connected to the control system is arranged on the vertical plate, a vertical sliding rail is arranged on the detection box, and the vertical plate is in sliding fit with the vertical sliding rail; an end fixing plate is vertically arranged on the vertical detection frame in a sliding mode, an adjusting piece used for fixing the end fixing plate is arranged on the vertical detection frame, one end of the shock absorber is detachably arranged on the end fixing plate, the other end of the shock absorber is detachably arranged on the vertical plate, and a vertical driving wheel is rotationally arranged on the detection box. The detection box is provided with a first speed sensor electrically connected to the control system, the sensing end of the first speed sensor points to the vertical plate, a vertical rocker is hinged between the position, away from the rotating center of the vertical driving wheel, of the vertical driving wheel and the vertical plate, and the detection box is provided with a driving part for driving the vertical driving wheel to make sudden and irregular reciprocating rotation. The method has the effect of improving the accuracy of the performance detection result of the shock absorber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vibration damper testing technology, and in particular to a hydraulic vibration damper test bench. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic shock absorbers are devices that absorb and reduce impacts and vibrations in mechanical systems through hydraulic damping, and are essential components of high-speed trains. Depending on the type of bogie, hydraulic shock absorbers are typically hinged between the locomotive body and the bogie, or between the bogie and the axle box. They are usually arranged vertically or horizontally. When the locomotive speed exceeds 140 km / h, hydraulic shock absorbers can significantly improve the smoothness of vehicle operation, making performance testing of hydraulic shock absorbers extremely important.

[0003] Chinese Patent No. CN201707218U discloses a hydraulic vibration damper test bench, including a body, on which are mounted columns, a motor, a transmission gearbox driven by the motor, a lateral simple harmonic motion device, a vertical simple harmonic motion device, and a movable seat. The movable seat and the columns are located at both ends of the body, the lateral simple harmonic motion device is located in the middle of the body, and a lateral force sensor corresponding to the lateral simple harmonic motion device is mounted on the movable seat. The vertical simple harmonic motion device is located between the columns, and a vertical force sensor corresponding to the vertical simple harmonic motion device is mounted on the columns.

[0004] The aforementioned technology uses a simple harmonic motion device to perform regular stretching and contraction performance testing on hydraulic vibration dampers. However, during high-speed travel on railway locomotives, factors such as wind speed, track surface flatness, wheel tread surface flatness, and impact between wheel flanges and the track cause sudden and irregular vibrations. Performing regular stretching and contraction performance testing on hydraulic vibration dampers would result in a significant deviation between the measured performance index and the actual performance index used on railway locomotives, indicating a deficiency in this approach. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the significant discrepancy between the test performance index of hydraulic vibration dampers and actual usage conditions, this application provides a hydraulic vibration damper test bench.

[0006] The hydraulic vibration damper test bench provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A hydraulic vibration damper test bench includes a test platform with a test box. The test box has a vertical testing component and a horizontal testing component. The vertical testing component is used to test the vibration damping performance of the damper in the vertical direction, and the horizontal testing component is used to test the vibration damping performance of the damper in the horizontal direction. The vertical testing component includes a vertical testing frame with a vertical plate slidably mounted on it. A first displacement sensor electrically connected to a control system is mounted on the vertical plate. A vertical slide rail is mounted on the test box, and the vertical plate slides in cooperation with the vertical slide rail. An end plate is vertically slidably mounted on the testing frame. An adjusting component for fixing the end plate is provided on the vertical testing frame. One end of the vibration damper is detachably mounted on the end plate, and the other end is detachably mounted on the vertical plate. A vertical drive wheel is rotatably mounted on the testing box. A first speed sensor electrically connected to the control system is provided on the testing box. The sensing end of the first speed sensor points to the vertical plate. A vertical rocker arm is hinged between the vertical drive wheel and the vertical plate at a position away from its rotation center. A driving component is provided on the testing box to drive the vertical drive wheel to perform sudden and irregular reciprocating rotation.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the worker first adjusts the position of the end plate according to the size of the shock absorber and through the adjusting component. Then, one end of the shock absorber to be tested is fixed to the end plate, and the other end is fixed to the vertical plate. Then, the vertical drive wheel is driven by the drive component to rotate suddenly and irregularly, so that the vertical plate slides back and forth on the vertical slide rail suddenly and at an irregular speed. This causes the shock absorber to be suddenly compressed and then stretched, and the initial speed of each compression is different. At this time, the displacement sensor and the velocity sensor will feed back the initial speed and maximum displacement of the vertical plate to the control system. The control system will generate a shock absorption performance curve of initial speed and maximum displacement. Then, the shock absorption performance curve of the shock absorber in the horizontal direction will be detected on the horizontal detection component, so that the detected shock absorption performance data of the shock absorber is more consistent with the actual use.

[0008] Optionally, the adjusting component includes a first rotating wheel rotatably mounted on the vertical detection frame, the first rotating wheel being threadedly connected to a vertical screw, one end of the vertical screw being mounted on the end plate.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the worker rotates the first rotating wheel according to the size of the shock absorber. Since the first rotating wheel rotates on the vertical testing frame, the vertical screw drives the end plate to slide vertically, which makes it convenient for the end of the shock absorber to be fixed on the end plate.

[0010] Optionally, the driving component includes a drive shaft coaxially mounted on the vertical drive wheel, the drive shaft rotatably passing through the detection box, a gear coaxially mounted on the drive shaft inside the detection box, a rack vertically slidably mounted inside the detection box and meshing with the gear, two vertical guide rods mounted inside the detection box, the axes of the two guide rods being parallel to each other, a drive block slidably mounted on both guide rods, the rack mounted on the drive block, a support platform inside the detection box and located below the drive block, the drive block being used to impact the support platform, a piston rod mounted on the support platform, a combustion chamber opening on the side of the drive block facing the support platform, the piston rod being inserted into the combustion chamber, the circumferential sidewall of the piston rod being in close contact with the circumferential sidewall of the combustion chamber, an igniter electrically connected to the control system being mounted on the end of the piston rod facing the drive block, and an air valve and a fuel valve communicating with the combustion chamber being mounted on the drive block, both the air valve and the fuel valve being electrically connected to the control system.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, workers, based on the size of the shock absorber, limit the maximum and minimum fuel injection amounts of the fuel valve in a single operation through a control system. The control system then controls the fuel valve to randomly inject fuel into the combustion chamber. The igniter then ignites the fuel in the combustion chamber, causing explosive combustion. The resulting gas pushes the drive block upwards until it separates from the piston rod and slides to its highest point. During this process, the drive block drives the rack to slide synchronously, and the rack drives the gear to rotate. Because the drive block moves suddenly and its speed is constantly changing, the gear drives the vertical drive wheel to rotate suddenly via the drive shaft, and the rotation speed continuously changes. The test bench is designed to simulate the state of a shock absorber on a railway locomotive when subjected to a sudden impact. As the drive block descends under the influence of gravity, the vertical drive wheel rotates in the opposite direction. During the descent of the drive block, the control system injects a large amount of air into the combustion chamber through the air valve to expel the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber. This continues until the drive block impacts the support platform. At this point, the air in the combustion chamber is compressed, and the test bench vibrates due to the impact, thus simulating the state of the shock absorber working on a vibrating railway locomotive. The piston rod then compresses the newly injected air into the combustion chamber. Afterward, the control system injects a random amount of fuel into the combustion chamber again through the fuel valve. This process is repeated until the test is completed.

[0012] Optionally, a sealing ring is fitted on the piston rod, and the sealing ring is used to abut against the side wall of the combustion chamber.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing between the piston rod and the combustion chamber is improved, which is beneficial for compressing air and also helps to improve the explosiveness when the drive block rises suddenly.

[0014] Optionally, the testing box is equipped with an air inlet pipe and an exhaust fan. The air inlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the interior of the testing box, and the air outlet of the exhaust fan is connected to an exhaust gas purifier. Both the exhaust gas purifier and the exhaust fan are electrically connected to the control system.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the control system starts the exhaust fan and the exhaust gas purifier. Outside air flows into the detection box through the air inlet pipe. The air in the detection box and the exhaust gas after fuel combustion are discharged to the exhaust gas purifier through the exhaust fan. The exhaust gas purifier purifies the air, thereby reducing environmental pollution to the detection area.

[0016] Optionally, a mounting plate is provided at the bottom of the test bench, and a plurality of dampers are provided between the mounting plate and the test bench.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the drive block hits the bearing platform, the vibration generated by the bearing platform is transmitted to the test platform, and the damper absorbs the vibration from the test platform, thereby reducing the impact on the testing site.

[0018] Optionally, a second rotating wheel is rotatably mounted outside the detection box. A limiting screw is threaded onto the second rotating wheel. The limiting screw slides through the inner and outer walls of the detection box. A limiting plate is slidably mounted on both guide rods. The limiting plate is located above the driving block and is mounted on the limiting screw. A vertically oriented marker post is mounted outside the detection box. The marker post has graduations along its length. A scale plate is vertically slidably mounted on the marker post and is mounted on the limiting screw.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the worker rotates the second wheel according to the size of the shock absorber. Since the second wheel rotates on the detection box and is limited by the guide rod, the limit screw drives the limit plate to slide vertically. At the same time, the scale plate slides on the scale column until the appropriate scale is reached. This reduces the possibility that the worker may mistakenly limit the injection value of a single fuel injection in the control system, which could lead to excessive slippage of the drive block and damage to the shock absorber.

[0020] Optionally, the horizontal detection component includes a push plate that is horizontally slidably disposed on the test platform, a second displacement sensor electrically connected to the control system being disposed on the push plate, a horizontal guide rail being disposed on the test platform, the push plate slidingly engaging with the horizontal guide rail, a flat end plate that is horizontally slidably disposed on the test platform, a second speed sensor electrically connected to the control system being disposed on the test platform, the sensing end of the second speed sensor pointing towards the push plate, one end of a vibration damper being detachably disposed on the push plate, and the other end being detachably disposed on the flat end plate, an end fastener for fixing the flat end plate being disposed on the test platform, and a sliding component for driving the push plate to perform sudden and irregular reciprocating sliding on the detection box.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the worker adjusts the position of the flat end plate, and then fixes the two ends of the vertically tested shock absorber to the push plate and the flat end plate respectively. Then, the sliding component drives the push plate to make sudden and irregular reciprocating sliding. At the same time, the second displacement sensor and the second speed sensor feed back the maximum displacement and initial speed of the push plate to the control system. The control system then obtains the shock absorption performance curve of the shock absorber in the horizontal state.

[0022] Optionally, the sliding component includes a horizontal drive wheel rotatably mounted on the detection box. A horizontal rocker arm is hinged between the horizontal drive wheel and the push plate at a position away from its rotation center. A transmission shaft is coaxially mounted on the horizontal drive wheel. The transmission shaft rotatably passes into the detection box. Both the transmission shaft and the drive shaft inside the detection box are equipped with sprockets. The sprockets on the transmission shaft and the sprockets on the drive shaft are wound together with a chain.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive shaft drives the transmission shaft to rotate synchronously through the sprocket and chain, the transmission shaft drives the horizontal drive wheel to rotate synchronously, and the horizontal drive wheel drives the push plate to make sudden and irregular movements through the horizontal rocker arm, thereby improving the accuracy of the performance index obtained by the shock absorber in the horizontal state.

[0024] Optionally, the end piece includes a vertical plate disposed on the test bench, a third rotating wheel rotatably disposed on the vertical plate, a horizontal screw threadedly connected to the third rotating wheel, the horizontal screw slidingly passing through the vertical plate, two parallel horizontal guide posts disposed on the vertical plate, the flat end plate slidably sleeved on the two horizontal guide posts, and the horizontal screw disposed on the flat end plate.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the worker rotates the third rotating wheel. Since the third rotating wheel is connected to the vertical plate and is restricted by the horizontal guide column, the horizontal screw drives the flat end plate to slide, thereby adapting to vibration dampers of different sizes.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The worker fixes the shock absorber between the end plate and the vertical plate. Then, the vertical drive wheel is driven by the drive component to rotate suddenly and irregularly. This causes the vertical plate to slide back and forth on the vertical slide rail suddenly and at an irregular speed. This causes the shock absorber to be suddenly compressed and then stretched. The initial speed of each compression is different. At this time, the displacement sensor and the speed sensor will feed back the initial speed and maximum displacement of the vertical plate to the control system. The control system will generate a shock absorption performance curve of initial speed and maximum displacement, so that the detected shock absorption performance data of the shock absorber is more consistent with the actual use. 2. Based on the size of the shock absorber, the worker limits the maximum and minimum amount of fuel injected by the fuel valve in a single operation through the control system. Then, the control system controls the fuel valve to randomly inject fuel into the combustion chamber. After that, the igniter ignites the fuel in the combustion chamber, and the fuel explodes and burns in the combustion chamber. The gas generated by the fuel pushes the drive block upward until the drive block separates from the piston column and slides to the highest point. During this process, the drive block drives the rack to slide synchronously, and the rack drives the gear to rotate. Since the drive block moves suddenly and its speed is constantly changing, the gear drives the vertical drive wheel to rotate suddenly through the drive shaft, and the speed of rotation is constantly changing. This simulates the state of the shock absorber on the railway locomotive when it is subjected to a sudden impact. 3. When the drive block descends under the action of gravity, the vertical drive wheel will rotate in the opposite direction. During the descent of the drive block, the control system injects a large amount of air into the combustion chamber through the air valve to expel the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber until the drive block hits the support platform. At this time, the air in the combustion chamber is compressed, and the test platform vibrates due to the impact, thereby simulating the state of the shock absorber when it is working on a vibrating railway locomotive. 4. According to the size of the shock absorber, the worker rotates the second rotating wheel. Since the second rotating wheel rotates on the detection box and is limited by the guide rod, the limit screw drives the limit plate to slide vertically. At the same time, the scale plate slides on the scale column until it reaches the appropriate scale. This reduces the possibility that the worker may mistakenly limit the injection value of a single fuel injection in the control system, which could lead to excessive slippage of the drive block and damage to the shock absorber. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view used in the embodiments of this application to illustrate the internal structure of the detection box and the drive block.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Vibration damper; 2. Test bench; 3. Test box; 4. Vertical detection assembly; 40. Vertical detection frame; 41. Vertical plate; 42. First displacement sensor; 43. Vertical slide rail; 44. End plate; 45. Adjusting component; 451. First rotating wheel; 452. Vertical screw; 46. Vertical drive wheel; 47. First speed sensor; 48. Vertical rocker arm; 5. Horizontal detection assembly; 51. Push plate; 52. Second displacement sensor; 53. Horizontal guide rail; 54. Flat end plate; 55. Second speed sensor; 56. End fastener; 561. Vertical plate; 562. Third rotating wheel; 563. Horizontal screw; 564. Horizontal guide post; 57. Sliding component; 5 71. Horizontal drive wheel; 572. Horizontal rocker arm; 573. Drive shaft; 574. Sprocket; 575. Chain; 6. Drive component; 601. Drive shaft; 602. Gear; 603. Rack; 604. Guide rod; 605. Drive block; 606. Support; 607. Piston column; 608. Combustion chamber; 609. Igniter; 610. Air valve; 611. Fuel valve; 7. Sealing ring; 8. Air inlet pipe; 9. Exhaust fan; 10. Exhaust gas purifier; 11. Mounting plate; 12. Damper; 13. Second rotating wheel; 14. Limit screw; 15. Limit plate; 16. Marker post; 17. Scale; 18. Scale plate; 19. Guide rail; 20. Guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-2 This application will be described in further detail.

[0031] This application discloses a hydraulic vibration damper test bench.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 A hydraulic vibration damper test bench includes a test bench 2, a test box 3 welded onto the test bench 2, the test box 3 being made of multiple steel plates bolted together, a mounting plate 11 arranged at the bottom of the test bench 2, the mounting plate 11 being placed on the ground, a number of dampers 12 arranged between the mounting plate 11 and the test bench 2, and a vertical test component 4 arranged on the test box 3, the vertical test component 4 being used to test the vibration damping performance of the vibration damper 1 in the vertical direction.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 The vertical detection assembly 4 includes a vertical detection frame 40, on which a vertical plate 41 is vertically slidably arranged. A first displacement sensor 42, electrically connected to the control system, is bolted to the vertical plate 41. A vertical slide rail 43 is bolted to the detection box 3. The vertical plate 41 and the vertical slide rail 43 are slidably engaged. An end plate 44 is vertically slidably arranged on the vertical detection frame 40. An adjusting member 45 for fixing the end plate 44 is arranged on the vertical detection frame 40. Reference Figure 1The adjusting component 45 includes a first rotating wheel 451 rotatably connected to the vertical detection frame 40. A vertical screw 452 is coaxially and threadedly connected to the first rotating wheel 451. One end of the vertical screw 452 is bolted to the end plate 44. One end of the shock absorber 1 is bolted to the end plate 44, and the other end is bolted to the vertical plate 41.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A vertical drive wheel 46 is rotatably connected to the detection box 3. A first speed sensor 47, which is electrically connected to the control system, is bolted to the detection box 3. The sensing end of the first speed sensor 47 points to the vertical plate 41. A vertical rocker arm 48 is hinged between the vertical drive wheel 46 and the vertical plate 41 at a position away from its rotation center. A drive component 6 is arranged on the detection box 3 to drive the vertical drive wheel 46 to make sudden and irregular reciprocating rotations.

[0035] The worker first rotates the first rotating wheel 451 according to the size of the shock absorber 1 to be tested. Since the first rotating wheel 451 is rotatably connected to the vertical testing frame 40, the vertical screw 452 drives the end plate 44 to slide vertically. Then, one end of the shock absorber 1 to be tested is bolted to the end plate 44, and the other end is bolted to the vertical plate 41. After that, the first rotating wheel 451 is rotated again to adjust the fixing of the shock absorber 1 to be tested.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The driving component 6 includes a drive shaft 601 coaxially welded to the vertical drive wheel 46. The drive shaft 601 rotates through into the detection box 3. A gear 602 is coaxially welded to the drive shaft 601 inside the detection box 3. A rack 603 that meshes with the gear 602 is vertically slidably arranged inside the detection box 3. A vertical guide rail 19 is bolted inside the detection box 3. A guide plate 20 is slidably fitted on the guide rail 19. The rack 603 is welded to the guide plate 20.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 Inside the testing box 3, there are two vertical guide rods 604 with parallel axes. A drive block 605 is slidably mounted on both guide rods 604. The drive block 605 can be made of high-strength steel. A guide plate 20 is welded to the drive block 605. A second rotating wheel 13 is rotatably connected to the outside of the testing box 3. A limit screw 14 is coaxially and threadedly connected to the second rotating wheel 13. The limit screw 14 slides through the inner and outer walls of the testing box 3.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A limiting plate 15 is slidably sleeved on both guide rods 604. The limiting plate 15 is located above the drive block 605 and is bolted to the limiting screw 14. A vertically oriented marker 16 is bolted to the outside of the detection box 3. A scale 17 is opened on the marker 16 along its length direction. A scale plate 18 is vertically slidably sleeved on the marker 16 and welded to the limiting screw 14.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 Inside the detection box 3 and below the drive block 605, there is a base 606 bolted on. The guide rod 604 is welded to the base 606. The drive block 605 is used to impact the base 606. A piston column 607 is welded on the base 606. A combustion chamber 608 is opened on the side of the drive block 605 facing the base 606.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 The piston rod 607 is inserted into the combustion chamber 608. The circumferential sidewall of the piston rod 607 is in close contact with the circumferential sidewall of the combustion chamber 608. A sealing ring 7 is fitted on the piston rod 607. The sealing ring 7 is used to abut against the inner sidewall of the combustion chamber 608.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 An igniter 609, which is electrically connected to the control system, is bolted to one end of the piston rod 607 facing the drive block 605. An air valve 610 and a fuel valve 611, which are connected to the combustion chamber 608, are arranged on the drive block 605. Both the air valve 610 and the fuel valve 611 are electrically connected to the control system. The air valve 610 is connected to an air pump (not shown in the figure) through a hose, and the fuel valve 611 is connected to a fuel tank (not shown in the figure) through a hose.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The test box 3 is equipped with an air inlet pipe 8 and an exhaust fan 9. The air inlet end of the exhaust fan 9 is connected to the inside of the test box 3, and the air outlet end of the exhaust fan 9 is connected to the exhaust gas purifier 10. Both the exhaust gas purifier 10 and the exhaust fan 9 are electrically connected to the control system.

[0043] According to the size of the shock absorber 1, the worker rotates the second rotating wheel 13. Since the second rotating wheel 13 rotates on the detection box 3 and is restricted by the guide rod 604, the limiting screw 14 drives the limiting plate 15 to slide vertically. At the same time, the limiting screw 14 drives the scale plate 18 to slide on the scale post 16 until the scale plate 18 indicates the appropriate scale 17 on the scale post 16. Then, the worker inputs the maximum and minimum fuel quantity for a single fuel injection into the fuel valve 611 on the control system.

[0044] The control system controls the fuel valve 611 to randomly inject fuel into the combustion chamber 608. Then, the igniter 609 ignites the fuel in the combustion chamber 608. The fuel in the combustion chamber 608 undergoes explosive combustion. The gas generated by the fuel combustion pushes the drive block 605 to rise suddenly. Under the guidance of the guide rod 604, the drive block 605 rises and gradually separates from the piston rod 607 until the drive block 605 slides upward to the highest position.

[0045] During the upward movement of the drive block 605, the drive block 605 drives the rack 603 to slide synchronously through the guide plate 20. The rack 603 drives the drive shaft 601 to rotate synchronously through the gear 602. The drive shaft 601 drives the vertical drive wheel 46 to rotate synchronously. Since the drive block 605 slides upward suddenly and the upward speed is constantly changing, the vertical drive wheel 46 rotates suddenly and the rotation speed is constantly changing.

[0046] The vertical drive wheel 46 pushes the vertical plate 41 to slide suddenly via the vertical rocker arm 48, and the sliding speed changes continuously. At this time, the vertical plate 41 squeezes the shock absorber 1. Meanwhile, the displacement sensor and speed sensor will feed back the initial speed and maximum displacement of the vertical plate 41 to the control system. The control system will obtain the damping performance curve of the initial speed and maximum displacement, thereby simulating the sudden impact on the shock absorber 1 on the railway locomotive.

[0047] When the drive block 605 is at its highest point and begins to descend under the influence of gravity, the vertical drive wheel 46 will rotate in the opposite direction. The vertical drive wheel 46 drives the vertical plate 41 to slide in the opposite direction through the vertical rocker arm 48, and the shock absorber 1 is stretched. At the same time, during the descent of the drive block 605, the control system injects a large amount of air into the combustion chamber 608 through the air valve 610. The injected air will expel the exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 608 until the drive block 605 hits the support platform 606 again.

[0048] At this time, the piston rod 607 compresses the air injected into the combustion chamber 608. Then, the control system injects a random amount of fuel into the combustion chamber 608 again through the fuel valve 611. The operation is repeated until the test is completed, so as to obtain the damping performance index of the damper 1 when working vertically.

[0049] When the drive block 605 strikes the platform 606, the vibration generated by the platform 606 is transmitted to the test bench 2, thereby simulating the state of the damper 1 when it is working on a vibrating railway locomotive. At the same time, the damper 12 absorbs the vibration from the test bench 2, thereby reducing the impact on the test site.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The test box 3 is equipped with a horizontal test assembly 5. The horizontal test assembly 5 is used to test the damping performance of the shock absorber 1 in the horizontal direction. The horizontal test assembly 5 includes a push plate 51 that is horizontally slidably arranged on the test table 2. A horizontal guide rail 53 is bolted to the test table 2. The push plate 51 slides in cooperation with the horizontal guide rail 53. A second displacement sensor 52 that is electrically connected to the control system is bolted to the push plate 51.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A second speed sensor 55, which is electrically connected to the control system, is bolted to the test bench 2. The sensing end of the second speed sensor 55 points to the push plate 51. A flat end plate 54 is horizontally slidably connected to the test bench 2. One end of the vibration damper 1 is bolted to the push plate 51, and the other end is bolted to the flat end plate 54. End fasteners 56 for fixing the flat end plate 54 are arranged on the test bench 2. A sliding component 57 for driving the push plate 51 to make sudden and irregular reciprocating sliding is arranged on the test box 3.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The end fitting 56 includes a vertical plate 561 welded to the test bench 2. A third rotating wheel 562 is rotatably connected to the vertical plate 561. A horizontal screw 563 is coaxially and threadedly connected to the third rotating wheel 562. The horizontal screw 563 slides through the vertical plate 561. Two parallel horizontal guide posts 564 are welded to the vertical plate 561. A flat end plate 54 is slidably sleeved on the two horizontal guide posts 564. The horizontal screw 563 is bolted to the flat end plate 54.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The sliding component 57 includes a horizontal drive wheel 571 rotatably connected to the detection box 3. A horizontal rocker arm 572 is hinged between the horizontal drive wheel 571 and the push plate 51 at a position away from its rotation center. A drive shaft 573 is coaxially welded to the horizontal drive wheel 571. The drive shaft 573 rotatably passes into the detection box 3. Both the drive shaft 573 and the drive shaft 601 inside the detection box 3 are welded with sprockets 574. The sprockets 574 on the drive shaft 573 and the sprockets 574 on the drive shaft 601 are wound together with a chain 575.

[0054] When the worker installs the vibration damper 1 on the vertical testing frame 40, another vibration damper 1 is simultaneously bolted between the push plate 51 and the horizontal end plate 54. The rotating drive shaft 601 drives the transmission shaft 573 to rotate synchronously through the sprocket 574 and the chain 575. The transmission shaft 573 drives the horizontal drive wheel 571 to rotate synchronously. The horizontal drive wheel 571 drives the push plate 51 to slide back and forth through the horizontal rocker arm 572, thereby testing the vibration damping performance of the horizontally fixed vibration damper 1.

[0055] Since the drive shaft 601 rotates suddenly and its speed changes continuously, the horizontal drive wheel 571 also rotates suddenly and its speed changes continuously. During the reciprocating sliding process of the push plate 51, the second displacement sensor 52 and the second speed sensor 55 feed back the maximum displacement and initial speed of the push plate 51 to the control system. The control system will obtain the damping performance curve of the horizontal damper 1 when it is in a horizontal state and under vibration.

[0056] The implementation principle of the hydraulic damper test bench in this application embodiment is as follows: The worker first rotates the first rotating wheel 451 according to the size of the damper 1 to be tested. Since the first rotating wheel 451 is rotatably connected to the vertical testing frame 40, the vertical screw 452 drives the end plate 44 to slide vertically. Then, one end of the damper 1 to be tested is bolted to the end plate 44, and the other end is bolted to the vertical plate 41. After that, the first rotating wheel 451 is rotated again to adjust the fixing of the damper 1 to be tested.

[0057] According to the size of the shock absorber 1, the worker rotates the second rotating wheel 13. Since the second rotating wheel 13 rotates on the detection box 3 and is restricted by the guide rod 604, the limiting screw 14 drives the limiting plate 15 to slide vertically. At the same time, the limiting screw 14 drives the scale plate 18 to slide on the scale post 16 until the scale plate 18 indicates the appropriate scale 17 on the scale post 16. Then, the worker inputs the maximum and minimum fuel quantity for a single fuel injection into the fuel valve 611 on the control system.

[0058] The control system controls the fuel valve 611 to randomly inject fuel into the combustion chamber 608. Then, the igniter 609 ignites the fuel in the combustion chamber 608. The fuel in the combustion chamber 608 undergoes explosive combustion. The gas generated by the fuel combustion pushes the drive block 605 to rise suddenly. Under the guidance of the guide rod 604, the drive block 605 rises and gradually separates from the piston rod 607 until the drive block 605 slides upward to the highest position.

[0059] During the upward movement of the drive block 605, the drive block 605 drives the rack 603 to slide synchronously through the guide plate 20. The rack 603 drives the drive shaft 601 to rotate synchronously through the gear 602. The drive shaft 601 drives the vertical drive wheel 46 to rotate synchronously. Since the drive block 605 slides upward suddenly and the upward speed is constantly changing, the vertical drive wheel 46 rotates suddenly and the rotation speed is constantly changing.

[0060] The vertical drive wheel 46 pushes the vertical plate 41 to slide suddenly via the vertical rocker arm 48, and the sliding speed changes continuously. At this time, the vertical plate 41 squeezes the shock absorber 1. Meanwhile, the displacement sensor and speed sensor will feed back the initial speed and maximum displacement of the vertical plate 41 to the control system. The control system will obtain the damping performance curve of the initial speed and maximum displacement, thereby simulating the sudden impact on the shock absorber 1 on the railway locomotive.

[0061] When the drive block 605 is at its highest point and begins to descend under the influence of gravity, the vertical drive wheel 46 will rotate in the opposite direction. The vertical drive wheel 46 drives the vertical plate 41 to slide in the opposite direction through the vertical rocker arm 48, and the shock absorber 1 is stretched. At the same time, during the descent of the drive block 605, the control system injects a large amount of air into the combustion chamber 608 through the air valve 610. The injected air will expel the exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 608 until the drive block 605 hits the support platform 606 again.

[0062] At this time, the piston rod 607 compresses the air injected into the combustion chamber 608. Then, the control system injects a random amount of fuel into the combustion chamber 608 again through the fuel valve 611. The operation is repeated until the test is completed, so as to obtain the damping performance index of the damper 1 when working vertically.

[0063] When the drive block 605 strikes the platform 606, the vibration generated by the platform 606 is transmitted to the test bench 2, thereby simulating the state of the damper 1 when it is working on a vibrating railway locomotive. At the same time, the damper 12 absorbs the vibration from the test bench 2, thereby reducing the impact on the test site.

[0064] When the worker installs the vibration damper 1 on the vertical testing frame 40, another vibration damper 1 is simultaneously bolted between the push plate 51 and the horizontal end plate 54. The rotating drive shaft 601 drives the transmission shaft 573 to rotate synchronously through the sprocket 574 and the chain 575. The transmission shaft 573 drives the horizontal drive wheel 571 to rotate synchronously. The horizontal drive wheel 571 drives the push plate 51 to slide back and forth through the horizontal rocker arm 572, thereby testing the vibration damping performance of the horizontally fixed vibration damper 1.

[0065] Since the drive shaft 601 rotates suddenly and its speed changes continuously, the horizontal drive wheel 571 also rotates suddenly and its speed changes continuously. During the reciprocating sliding process of the push plate 51, the second displacement sensor 52 and the second speed sensor 55 feed back the maximum displacement and initial speed of the push plate 51 to the control system. The control system will obtain the damping performance curve of the horizontal damper 1 when it is in a horizontal state and under vibration.

[0066] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic vibration damper test bench, characterized in that: The system includes a test bench (2), on which a test box (3) is provided. The test box (3) is provided with a vertical test component (4) and a horizontal test component (5). The vertical test component (4) is used to test the damping performance of the shock absorber (1) in the vertical direction, and the horizontal test component (5) is used to test the damping performance of the shock absorber (1) in the horizontal direction. The vertical test component (4) includes a vertical test frame (40), on which a vertical plate (41) is slidably mounted. A first displacement sensor (42) electrically connected to the control system is provided on the vertical plate (41). A vertical slide rail (43) is provided on the test box (3). The vertical plate (41) and the vertical slide rail (43) are slidably engaged. The vertical slide rail (43) is slidably mounted on the vertical test frame (40). An end plate (44) is provided on the vertical detection frame (40), and an adjusting component (45) for fixing the end plate (44) is provided on the vertical detection frame (40). One end of the shock absorber (1) is detachably mounted on the end plate (44), and the other end is detachably mounted on the vertical plate (41). A vertical drive wheel (46) is rotatably mounted on the detection box (3). A first speed sensor (47) electrically connected to the control system is provided on the detection box (3). The sensing end of the first speed sensor (47) points to the vertical plate (41). A vertical rocker arm (48) is hinged between the vertical drive wheel (46) away from its rotation center and the vertical plate (41). A drive component (6) is provided on the detection box (3) to drive the vertical drive wheel (46) to make sudden and irregular reciprocating rotations.

2. The hydraulic vibration damper test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting component (45) includes a first rotating wheel (451) rotatably mounted on the vertical detection frame (40), and a vertical screw (452) is threadedly connected to the first rotating wheel (451). One end of the vertical screw (452) is mounted on the end plate (44).

3. The hydraulic vibration damper test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component (6) includes a drive shaft (601) coaxially mounted on the vertical drive wheel (46). The drive shaft (601) rotatably passes into the detection box (3). A gear (602) is coaxially mounted on the drive shaft (601) inside the detection box (3). A rack (603) is vertically slidably mounted inside the detection box (3) and meshes with the gear (602). Two vertical guide rods (604) are mounted inside the detection box (3). The axes of the two guide rods (604) are parallel to each other. A drive block (605) is slidably mounted on both guide rods (604). The rack (603) is mounted on the drive block (605). A support platform (606) is mounted inside the detection box (3) and below the drive block (605). The drive block (605) is used to impact the support platform (606). A piston rod (607) is provided on the support platform (606). A combustion chamber (608) is provided on the side of the drive block (605) facing the support platform (606). The piston rod (607) is inserted into the combustion chamber (608). The circumferential sidewall of the piston rod (607) is in close contact with the circumferential sidewall of the combustion chamber (608). An igniter (609) electrically connected to the control system is provided at one end of the piston rod (607) facing the drive block (605). An air valve (610) and a fuel valve (611) communicating with the combustion chamber (608) are provided on the drive block (605). Both the air valve (610) and the fuel valve (611) are electrically connected to the control system.

4. The hydraulic vibration damper test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing ring (7) is fitted on the piston rod (607), and the sealing ring (7) is used to abut against the side wall of the combustion chamber (608).

5. The hydraulic vibration damper test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection box (3) is equipped with an air inlet pipe (8) and an exhaust fan (9). The air inlet of the exhaust fan (9) is connected to the interior of the detection box (3), and the air outlet of the exhaust fan (9) is connected to an exhaust gas purifier (10). The exhaust gas purifier (10) and the exhaust fan (9) are both electrically connected to the control system.

6. The hydraulic vibration damper test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the test bench (2) is provided with a mounting plate (11), and a plurality of dampers (12) are provided between the mounting plate (11) and the test bench (2).

7. The hydraulic vibration damper test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection box (3) is rotatably provided with a second rotating wheel (13), and a limiting screw (14) is threadedly connected to the second rotating wheel (13). The limiting screw (14) slides through the inner and outer walls of the detection box (3). A limiting plate (15) is slidably sleeved on the two guide rods (604). The limiting plate (15) is located above the driving block (605). The limiting plate (15) is set on the limiting screw (14). A vertically oriented marker (16) is provided outside the detection box (3). A scale (17) is provided on the marker (16) along its length direction. A scale plate (18) is vertically slidably provided on the marker (16). The scale plate (18) is set on the limiting screw (14).

8. The hydraulic vibration damper test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: The horizontal detection component (5) includes a push plate (51) that is horizontally slidably disposed on the test platform (2). A second displacement sensor (52) electrically connected to the control system is disposed on the push plate (51). A horizontal guide rail (53) is disposed on the test platform (2). The push plate (51) slides in cooperation with the horizontal guide rail (53). A flat end plate (54) is horizontally slidably disposed on the test platform (2). A second speed sensor (55) electrically connected to the control system is disposed on the test platform (2). The sensing end of the second speed sensor (55) points to the push plate (51). One end of the shock absorber (1) is detachably disposed on the push plate (51), and the other end is detachably disposed on the flat end plate (54). An end fastener (56) for fixing the flat end plate (54) is disposed on the test platform (2). A sliding component (57) for driving the push plate (51) to make sudden and irregular reciprocating sliding is disposed on the detection box (3).

9. A hydraulic vibration damper test bench according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sliding component (57) includes a horizontal drive wheel (571) rotatably mounted on the detection box (3). A horizontal rocker arm (572) is hinged between the horizontal drive wheel (571) and the push plate (51) at a position away from its rotation center. A transmission shaft (573) is coaxially mounted on the horizontal drive wheel (571). The transmission shaft (573) rotatably passes through the detection box (3). Both the transmission shaft (573) and the drive shaft (601) inside the detection box (3) are equipped with sprockets (574). The sprockets (574) on the transmission shaft (573) and the sprockets (574) on the drive shaft (601) are wound together with a chain (575).

10. A hydraulic vibration damper test bench according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end fitting (56) includes a vertical plate (561) disposed on the test bench (2), a third rotating wheel (562) is rotatably disposed on the vertical plate (561), a horizontal screw (563) is threadedly connected to the third rotating wheel (562), the horizontal screw (563) slides through the vertical plate (561), two parallel horizontal guide posts (564) are disposed on the vertical plate (561), the flat end plate (54) is slidably sleeved on the two horizontal guide posts (564), and the horizontal screw (563) is disposed on the flat end plate (54).

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