Pear seedling cultivation device for pear tree planting

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pear seedling cultivation, in particular to a pear seedling cultivation device for pear tree planting, which mainly comprises a support frame, a displacement base, a cultivation host, a detection support and a nutrient-root zone cooperative system. The supporting frame bears the overall structure. A movable guide rail is laid on the displacement base, and the cultivation main machine can be slidably positioned; the cultivation main machine comprises a cultivation container and a light supplementing device. The detection bracket is connected with the translation module through the hoisting top frame to realize two-dimensional movement; the detection unit comprises a split type sliding detection plate and an integrated high-resolution imaging module. The nutrient feeding mechanism is located at the bottom of the container, and directional fertilizer supply for the root system is achieved through micropore liquid injection and the pushing soil loosening mechanism; the root zone maintenance mechanism is provided with a kneading device and a heat shock module, and the root zone environment is dynamically regulated and controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pear seedling cultivation technology, specifically a pear seedling cultivation device for pear tree planting. Background Technology

[0002] In the pear cultivation industry, pear seedling cultivation is a crucial link, as its quality directly affects the subsequent growth, fruiting, and quality of the pear trees. Under the traditional cultivation model, growers need to conduct regular manual inspections of the pear seedlings, observing their appearance characteristics, such as leaf color and growth pattern, to roughly judge their growth status.

[0003] Human visual judgment is subjective, and different people may assess the growth status of pear seedlings differently, making it difficult to accurately quantify various growth indicators. For example, it is difficult for humans to accurately distinguish between subtle changes in leaf color and abnormalities caused by nutrient deficiencies. Furthermore, in terms of root zone environmental control, substrate moisture control often relies on manual touch or simple hygrometer measurements, making precise humidification or ventilation difficult. This can easily lead to an unsuitable root zone environment, affecting the growth and absorption functions of the pear seedling roots. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pear seedling cultivation device for pear tree planting, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A pear seedling cultivation device for pear tree planting includes a support frame and a displacement base installed below it.

[0007] The displacement base is provided with a culture table moving guide rail, and at least one culture host is slidably mounted on the guide rail;

[0008] The cultivation host includes a platform support box, a cultivation container located at its upper end, and a supplementary lighting device located directly above the cultivation container;

[0009] The displacement base is provided with a top frame translation module that extends parallel to the moving guide rail of the cultivation table. A detection bracket is slidably mounted on the module, so that the detection bracket can be moved above any cultivation container.

[0010] The culture container has a container base frame at its bottom, which includes:

[0011] The nutrient input mechanism is located on the top side edge of the cultivation container and communicates with the internal cavity of the box.

[0012] The root zone maintenance structure is located at the bottom of the container frame and directly below the culture container;

[0013] The detection bracket includes a suspended top frame, a lifting bracket at its bottom, and a detection unit installed at the end of the lifting bracket;

[0014] The detection unit is configured to detect the development status of pear seedlings, and its signal output terminal is electrically connected to the control terminal of the nutrient input mechanism and the root zone maintenance mechanism.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: the nutrient input mechanism includes a first frame, the top of which is fixed to the feeding frame at the bottom of the cultivation container;

[0016] A soil-planting cavity is formed within the first frame, and an inner support frame is provided inside the cavity.

[0017] The nutrient delivery mechanism includes:

[0018] A conveying screw is installed along the upper edge of the soil-planting cavity;

[0019] A feeding tray that engages with the thread of a conveyor screw;

[0020] Loosening teeth fixed to the bottom of the feeding tray.

[0021] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the root zone maintenance mechanism includes a second frame, the bottom of which is provided with a bottom support plate;

[0022] The second frame is equipped with a soil preparation mechanism to gather the pear seedling root planting area;

[0023] The bottom of the platform support box is provided with a base frame, and the container base frame is placed on it;

[0024] A temperature and humidity sensor is installed on the outer edge of the base frame. Its detection extension box passes through the bottom plate, and a sensor bracket and a probe extending into the soil are provided at the end.

[0025] The temperature and humidity sensor is electrically connected to the control terminals of the nutrient input mechanism and the root zone maintenance mechanism.

[0026] As a further aspect of the present invention: the soil preparation mechanism includes:

[0027] A symmetrically arranged kneading mechanism with soil-holding claws installed on its inner side;

[0028] Mounting bracket fixed to the kneading mechanism;

[0029] A bidirectional threaded drive shaft drives the kneading mechanisms on both sides to move in opposite directions.

[0030] The mounting bracket is equipped with a heating unit with a heating head.

[0031] As a further aspect of the present invention: the hoisting top frame includes two sets of parallel support beams, each beam being equipped with a transmission screw and a drive motor;

[0032] The supporting top beam is slidably mounted on the top frame translation module;

[0033] The transmission screw is perpendicular to the top frame translation module, and a beam frame moving unit is installed on it;

[0034] The lifting support is suspended by two sets of beam frame moving units.

[0035] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the lifting support includes a hoisting frame for fixing the beam frame moving unit, a lifting frame body installed at its bottom, and a propulsion cylinder;

[0036] The detection unit includes:

[0037] The main detection panel is fixedly connected to the push rod of the propulsion cylinder;

[0038] A vertical mounting plate that is set perpendicularly to the panel;

[0039] The lifting frame is equipped with lifting guide rails for raising and lowering the vertical mounting plate.

[0040] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the detection main panel is provided with:

[0041] Fixed detection plate and its surface fixed-point detection module;

[0042] A sliding detection plate that slides in conjunction with a fixed detection plate has an alignment detection module on its surface;

[0043] A panel opening / closing driver that drives the sliding detection plate.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0045] I. A two-dimensional mobile detection platform is adopted. Through a composite motion structure of horizontal guide rail and vertical lifting, the detection unit achieves millimeter-level positioning accuracy of the pear seedling canopy. The detection unit integrates high-resolution imaging, multispectral scanning and laser ranging modules. Through the opening and closing action of the split sliding detection plate, it can simultaneously complete the micro-observation of local lesions and the macro-assessment of the overall plant growth, improving the efficiency of data fusion analysis by 200%.

[0046] Second, an adjustable thrust nutrient delivery mechanism is used to precisely deliver granular fertilizer to densely rooted areas, which, combined with reciprocating soil loosening teeth to break up compacted soil, improves nutrient absorption. A bidirectional soil shaping mechanism is developed, which dynamically adjusts soil porosity through the periodic squeezing and releasing action of elastic soil claws to eliminate air gaps in the roots. An integrated heat shock induction module is used to stimulate the synthesis of heat shock proteins through intermittent directional heating, which increases the root growth rate in low-temperature environments. Combined with a buried temperature and humidity sensor, a closed-loop feedback is constructed, resulting in faster environmental control response.

[0047] 3. Establish a full-dimensional data fusion model of "above ground and below ground": data from the detection unit guides the stratified nutrient supply strategy; the temperature and humidity parameters of the root zone are linked to the photoperiod adjustment of the supplemental lighting device; soil conductivity monitoring triggers the nutrient diffusion enhancement of the kneading mechanism, realizing four-dimensional synergistic optimization of light, fertilizer, water and heat.

[0048] The core innovation of this invention lies in breaking through the limitations of static management in traditional seedling cultivation. Through the organic synergy of a mobile detection platform, a root induction mechanism, a thermomechanical stimulation component, and a closed-loop decision-making system, it achieves for the first time the full-process programmed control of pear seedlings' "root cultivation-root control-root strengthening," solving the industry problems of low transplant survival rate and long seedling recovery period, and providing a disruptive technological paradigm for standardized fruit tree seedling cultivation.

[0049] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0050] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Furthermore, these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to specific embodiments.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pear seedling cultivation device for pear tree planting provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cultivation container and container base frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the nutrient input mechanism and root zone maintenance mechanism provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the nutrient input mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the root zone maintenance mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hoisting ceiling frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the detection unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 11. Displacement base; 12. Top frame translation module; 13. Cultivation table moving guide rail; 14. Cultivation host; 15. Table support box; 16. Supplemental lighting device; 2. Detection bracket; 3. Lifting top frame; 31. Supporting top beam; 32. Transmission screw; 33. Drive motor; 34. Beam frame moving unit; 4. Lifting bracket; 41. Lifting frame; 42. Lifting frame body; 43. Push cylinder; 44. Lifting guide rail; 45. Push rod; 5. Detection unit; 51. Detection main panel; 52. Vertical mounting plate; 53. Fixed detection plate; 54. Sliding detection plate; 55. Panel opening and closing driver; 57. Fixed point detection module; 58. Alignment detection module; 6. Cultivation container; 7. Nutrient input mechanism; 71. First frame; 711. Soil cavity; 712. Inner support frame; 72. Feeding frame; 73. Nutrient pushing mechanism; 731. Conveying screw; 732. Feeding tray; 733. Loosening teeth; 8. Root zone maintenance mechanism; 81. Second frame; 82. Base plate; 83. Soil preparation mechanism; 831. Kneading mechanism; 832. Soil-holding claw assembly; 833. Mounting bracket; 834. Bidirectional threaded drive shaft; 835. Heating unit; 836. Heating head; 84. Temperature and humidity sensor; 841. Detection extension box; 842. Sensor bracket; 843. Probe; 85. Base frame; 9. Container base frame. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, examples of which are illustrated in the drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or identical elements.

[0060] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0062] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-3 A pear seedling cultivation device for pear tree planting is provided, including a support frame 1, which constitutes the main skeleton of the device and provides stable support. A displacement base 11 is fixed to the lower area of ​​the bottom of the support frame 1, forming the foundation of the moving platform. Multiple cultivation platform moving guide rails 13 are laid parallel to each other on the upper surface of the displacement base 11. Several cultivation hosts 14 are slidably mounted on the guide rails via a slider structure, enabling them to move and be positioned along the guide rail direction.

[0063] Each cultivation host 14 includes a platform support box 15 and a supplemental lighting device 16. The platform support box 15 is a rigid box structure, with a cultivation container 6 fixedly mounted on its top surface to support the pear seedlings and growth substrate. The supplemental lighting device 16 is fixed to the cultivation host 14 via an adjustable bracket, with the light source precisely suspended directly above the cultivation container 6 to provide adjustable spectral illumination for the pear seedlings.

[0064] The displacement base 11 is provided with a top frame translation module 12 along the direction of the cultivation table moving guide rail 13, and the detection bracket 2 is installed on the sliding part of the module. The top frame translation module 12 drives the detection bracket 2 to move horizontally, so that it accurately covers the position directly above each cultivation container 6.

[0065] The bottom of the cultivation container 6 is rigidly connected to the container base frame 9, which integrates a nutrient delivery mechanism 7 and a root zone maintenance mechanism 8. The nutrient delivery mechanism 7 is installed on the bottom side edge of the cultivation container 6, and its outlet is connected to the root zone via a pipe for targeted injection of nutrient solution. The root zone maintenance mechanism 8 is located within the frame directly below the cultivation container 6 and includes a humidifier and ventilation components to regulate the root zone microenvironment. The nutrient delivery mechanism 7 directly delivers highly permeable nutrient solution to the root layer, avoiding leaf burn caused by contact, and simultaneously induces root growth downwards through bottom-supply, forming a compact root ball structure for transplanting.

[0066] The detection bracket 2 consists of a suspended top frame 3, a lifting bracket 4, and a detection unit 5. The suspended top frame 3 is installed at the moving end of the top frame translation module 12, and the lifting bracket 4 uses an electric cylinder to drive the detection unit 5 to move vertically. The detection unit 5 integrates a multispectral camera and a near-infrared sensor to collect data on the canopy morphology, leaf area, and chlorophyll content of pear seedlings. Its signal output terminal is connected to the control terminals of the nutrient input mechanism 7 and the root zone maintenance mechanism 8.

[0067] The displacement base 11 drives the target cultivation host 14 to move along the guide rail 13 to the detection station; the top frame translation module 12 moves the detection bracket 2 above the target container 6, and the lifting bracket 4 lowers to bring the detection unit 5 close to the pear seedling canopy; the detection unit 5 scans and acquires the pear seedling growth parameters and transmits them to the main control unit for analysis; if the analysis shows nutrient deficiency, the main control unit activates the micropore injection unit of the nutrient input mechanism 7 to directly inject nutrient solution into the root layer; and if the root zone humidity is too low, the root zone maintenance mechanism 8 starts the humidification module; if the temperature is too high, ventilation and cooling are activated.

[0068] Transplanting pretreatment: 7 days before transplanting, the nutrient input mechanism 7 gradually reduces the liquid supply, and the root zone maintenance mechanism 8 reduces humidity to promote substrate shrinkage and form a stable root ball; after the detection support 2 is reset, it is moved to the next cultivation container 6 and the above process is repeated.

[0069] The nutrient supply mechanism 7 forms a vertical nutrient gradient at the bottom, stimulating the pear seedling roots to extend downwards and preventing excessive growth of surface roots. Before transplanting, by controlling the frequency of nutrient supply in the nutrient supply mechanism 7 and combining it with the humidity regulation of the root zone maintenance mechanism 8, natural drought conditions are simulated, causing the roots to shrink and secrete mucus to solidify the root ball. The parameter fusion analysis of the detection unit 5 dynamically adjusts the photoperiod and nutrient ratio of the supplemental lighting device 16 to inhibit excessive growth and enhance lignification.

[0070] Example 2: Based on the structure of Example 1, this example optimizes the design of the nutrient input mechanism 7:

[0071] The main body of the nutrient feeding mechanism 7 is the first frame 71, which is fixedly installed inside the frame of the container base frame 9. A feeding frame 72 is provided at the top of the first frame 71, and the feeding frame 72 is directly connected to the bottom of the cultivation container 6, so that the nutrients can fall vertically to the root area.

[0072] The first frame 71 forms a soil cavity 711 inside, which is used to accommodate the pear seedling roots and growth substrate. Several internal support frames 712 are vertically installed inside the soil cavity 711, distributed in a grid pattern, to support the substrate and guide the roots to grow through it, while preventing soil collapse and blockage.

[0073] The nutrient delivery mechanism 73 is located within the first frame 71 and includes a horizontally mounted conveying screw 731 and a feeding tray 732 that meshes with the screw. The conveying screw 731 is driven by a motor, causing the feeding tray 732 to reciprocate along the length of the planting cavity 711. Multiple sets of loosening teeth 733 are welded to the bottom of the feeding tray 732, with the tooth tips extending downwards at a 45° angle, reaching the root layer.

[0074] Solid or granular nutrients are fed into the feeding frame 72, the nutrient pushing mechanism 73 is activated, the conveying screw 731 rotates forward, pushing the feeding tray 732 forward horizontally, and evenly pushing the surface nutrients into the depth of the planting cavity 711; as the feeding tray 732 moves forward, the bottom loosening teeth 733 insert into the root layer soil, breaking up the compacted soil clods through the serrated edges, forming a breathable trench 5-8cm deep; the nutrients are carried into the dense root area as the loosening teeth 733 advance, achieving direct contact between the nutrients and the roots; after the feeding tray 732 reaches the end of its journey, the conveying screw 731 reverses and drives it back to its original position, the loosening teeth 733 disturb the soil a second time during the resetting process, further enhancing the aeration;

[0075] The nutrient delivery mechanism 73 in this embodiment complements the root zone maintenance mechanism 8 in embodiment one: when the detection unit 5 detects root hypoxia, the root zone maintenance mechanism 8 activates the ventilation mode, while the nutrient delivery mechanism 73 loosens the soil to increase the oxygen diffusion rate; before transplanting, by reducing the nutrient delivery frequency (3 days / time) and activating the dehydration program of the root zone maintenance mechanism 8, the roots in the inner support frame 712 grid naturally shrink and detach, achieving "zero-damage root emergence".

[0076] Example 3: This example is a further optimization of the above examples. Based on it, the implementation structure design of the root zone maintenance mechanism 8 is as follows:

[0077] The main body of the root zone maintenance mechanism 8 is the second frame 81, which is fixed to the lower frame of the container base frame 9. Multiple parallel bottom support plates 82 are installed at the bottom of the second frame 81, with drainage gaps on the surface of the bottom support plates 82 to drain excess water. A soil conditioning mechanism 83 is located in the central area inside the second frame 81, confining the pear seedling roots within the planting area formed by this mechanism. A temperature and humidity sensor 84 is installed on the outer edge of the base frame 85, with its detection extension box 841 extending downwards to below the bottom support plate 82. The sensor bracket 842 is fixed to the end of the detection extension box 841 with bolts. Three probes 843 are distributed at a 120° angle, vertically penetrating the soil inside the second frame 81 to a depth reaching the middle of the root layer (approximately 10 cm). The probes 843 have built-in temperature-sensitive resistors and capacitive humidity sensing modules to collect root zone environmental data in real time.

[0078] The soil preparation mechanism 83 includes two symmetrically arranged kneading mechanisms 831. Each kneading mechanism 831 has a soil-holding claw assembly 832 (composed of multiple arc-shaped elastic steel bars) installed at its front end. The kneading mechanism 831 is connected to a bidirectional threaded drive shaft 834 via a mounting bracket 833. The two ends of the drive shaft have opposite threads and are driven to rotate by a servo motor, allowing the two kneading mechanisms 831 to move synchronously towards or away from each other. A heating unit 835 is embedded inside the mounting bracket 833 of the kneading mechanism 831. Its heating head 836 uses ceramic heating elements, with a maximum temperature of 60°C. The heat is radiated to the root zone soil through a metal heat-conducting plate.

[0079] The probe 843 continuously monitors soil temperature and humidity, and transmits the data to the main control unit in real time. When the humidity is lower than the set threshold or the temperature is lower than 15℃, the control command is triggered. The main control unit starts the bidirectional threaded drive shaft 834 to rotate in the forward direction, driving the two sides of the kneading mechanism 831 to move towards each other. The elastic steel strip of the soil-holding claw group 832 bends and deforms, squeezing the soil from the periphery of the planting area towards the center to eliminate root gaps.

[0080] If the soil temperature is lower than the target value (e.g., 18℃), the heating unit 835 is activated, and the heating head 836 heats at a constant temperature of 30℃ for 10 minutes. The heat is conducted to the root zone through the metal parts of the kneading mechanism 831.

[0081] During heating, the kneading mechanism 831 remains closed to reduce heat loss;

[0082] After heating or soil compaction is completed, the bidirectional threaded drive shaft 834 reverses, and the soil-holding claw assembly 832 returns to its initial position, restoring the original volume of the planting area; the temperature and humidity sensor 84 checks the data again, and if the data meets the standard, the operation ends; otherwise, it enters the next control cycle.

[0083] The precise control of the bidirectional threaded drive shaft 834 enables the soil-holding claw assembly 832 to achieve a displacement accuracy of 0.1mm. Through periodic squeezing-releasing actions, it simulates the natural soil settling process, avoiding root hypoxia. The gradual pressure application of the elastic soil-holding claw assembly 832 stabilizes the soil porosity within the optimal range of 35%-40%. The intermittent heating of the heating head 836 (once a day, 10 minutes each time) induces the root system to produce heat shock proteins, accelerating cell division and increasing the lateral root germination rate by 25%.

[0084] In this embodiment, the soil preparation mechanism 83 works in conjunction with the nutrient delivery mechanism 73 in embodiment two: after the nutrient is delivered to the root layer, the kneading mechanism 831 immediately performs soil compaction, so that the nutrient particles tightly wrap the root system; the detection unit 5 recognizes the above-ground growth status of the pear seedling through image recognition, and integrates and analyzes the root zone data of this embodiment to achieve full-dimensional growth regulation of "above-ground".

[0085] Example 4, as a further optimization of the above examples, describes the following structural design for the lifting support 4 and the detection unit 5:

[0086] The hoisting top frame 3 consists of two sets of parallel support beams 31. Each set of support beams 31 is slidably connected to the top frame translation module 12 via a slider, enabling secondary lateral displacement based on the horizontal movement of the module 12. Each support beam 31 is equipped with a transmission screw 32, the axis of which is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the top frame translation module 12, and is driven to rotate by a drive motor 33. Beam frame moving units 34 are meshed on the transmission screws 32, and two sets of lifting brackets 4 are respectively hoisted to the bottom of the corresponding beam frame moving units 34, forming a two-dimensional degree of freedom of movement.

[0087] The lifting support 4 includes a hoisting frame 41, a lifting frame body 42, and a push cylinder 43: the hoisting frame 41 is rigidly connected to the beam frame moving unit 34; the lifting frame body 42 is vertically installed in the hoisting frame 41 through linear bearings, and lifting guide rails 44 are provided on both sides of its plate; the push cylinder 43 (electric cylinder or pneumatic cylinder) is fixed to the top of the hoisting frame 41, and the end of its push rod 45 is connected to the detection main panel 51;

[0088] The main detection panel 51 of the detection unit 5 is slidably connected to the lifting guide rail 44 via a vertical mounting plate 52, enabling independent lifting and lowering of the main detection panel 51 relative to the lifting frame 42. The main detection panel 51 is equipped with a fixed detection plate 53 and a sliding detection plate 54.

[0089] The fixed detection plate 53 is fixed to the front end of the main detection panel 51, and its detection end is equipped with a fixed-point detection module 57 (equipped with a high-resolution camera); the sliding detection plate 54 is driven by the panel opening and closing driver 55 (linear motor) and can move horizontally along the slide rail of the main detection panel 51, and its detection end is equipped with an alignment detection module 58 (equipped with a chlorophyll fluorescence sensor and a laser rangefinder); the fixed-point detection module 57 and the alignment detection module 58 are mirror-symmetrical in the closed state.

[0090] The top frame translation module 12 drives the hoisting top frame 3 to move above the target cultivation container 6; the drive motor 33 starts and adjusts the lateral position of the beam frame moving unit 34 through the transmission screw 32 so that the distance between the two sets of lifting brackets 4 matches the width of the pear seedling canopy; the propulsion cylinder 43 pushes the detection main panel 51 down, and the laser rangefinder provides real-time feedback of leaf height data until the detection main panel 51 is positioned 10cm above the pear seedling canopy;

[0091] The lifting frame 42 is finely adjusted along the lifting guide rail 44 to compensate for the positioning deviation caused by the difference in plant height.

[0092] The panel opening and closing driver 55 drives the sliding detection plate 54 to unfold outward, increasing the distance between the fixed-point detection module 57 and the alignment detection module 58 to 1.2 times the canopy diameter; the fixed-point detection module 57 of the fixed detection plate 53 performs local high-precision imaging of the main trunk area of ​​the pear seedling, and the alignment detection module 58 of the sliding detection plate 54 constructs a plant shape model through a laser rangefinder, while the chlorophyll fluorescence sensor detects photosynthetic activity.

[0093] The two-dimensional moving system consisting of the top frame translation module 12 and the transmission screw 32 achieves the positioning accuracy of the detection unit 5 in the horizontal plane; the dual height adjustment mechanism of the propulsion cylinder 43 and the lifting guide rail 44 ensures a constant distance (error ≤ 1mm) between the detection module and the canopy, eliminating imaging distortion.

[0094] The local high-resolution imaging of the fixed-point detection module 57 identifies microscopic lesions (such as the early stage of leaf spot disease); the chlorophyll fluorescence sensor of the alignment detection module 58 assists in analyzing macroscopic growth; thus achieving multi-scale data complementarity.

[0095] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

[0096] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A pear seedling cultivation device for pear tree planting, comprising a support frame (1) and a displacement base (11) mounted below the support frame (1), characterized in that: a cultivation table moving guide rail (13) is arranged on the displacement base (11), and at least one cultivation main machine (14) is slidably arranged on the guide rail; the cultivation main machine (14) comprises a table body support box (15), a cultivation container (6) arranged at the upper end of the table body support box (15), and a light supplementing device (16) located directly above the cultivation container (6); a top frame translation module (12) extending in parallel with the cultivation table moving guide rail (13) is arranged on the displacement base (11), and a detection support (2) is slidably arranged on the top frame translation module (12), so that the detection support (2) can be displaced to above any cultivation container (6); a container bottom frame (9) is arranged at the bottom of the cultivation container (6), and the container bottom frame (9) comprises: a nutrient input mechanism (7) arranged at the top side of the cultivation container (6) and communicating with the inner cavity of the box body; and a root zone maintenance mechanism (8) arranged at the bottom of the container bottom frame (9) and located directly below the cultivation container (6); the detection support (2) comprises a hoisting top frame (3), a lifting support (4) arranged at the bottom of the hoisting top frame (3), and a detection unit (5) mounted at the end of the lifting support (4); the detection unit (5) is configured to detect the development status of the pear seedlings, and a signal output end of the detection unit (5) is electrically connected with control ends of the nutrient input mechanism (7) and the root zone maintenance mechanism (8); the nutrient input mechanism (7) comprises a first root surrounding frame (71), and a feeding frame (72) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cultivation container (6) at the top of the first root surrounding frame (71); a soil planting cavity (711) is formed in the first root surrounding frame (71), and an inner support frame (712) is arranged in the cavity; the nutrient pushing mechanism (73) comprises: a conveying screw rod (731) arranged along the upper side of the soil planting cavity (711); a feeding tray (732) in threaded engagement with the conveying screw rod (731); and a soil loosening tooth (733) fixedly arranged at the bottom of the feeding tray (732); the root zone maintenance mechanism (8) comprises a second root surrounding frame (81), and a bottom supporting plate (82) is arranged at the bottom of the second root surrounding frame (81); a soil arrangement mechanism (83) is arranged in the second root surrounding frame (81) and used for gathering the root planting area of the pear seedlings; a base frame (85) is arranged at the bottom of the table body support box (15), and the container bottom frame (9) is arranged on the base frame (85); a temperature and humidity sensor (84) is arranged along the outer side of the base frame (85), a detection extension box (841) of the temperature and humidity sensor (84) penetrates through the bottom supporting plate (82), a sensor support (842) and a soil probe needle (843) extending into the soil are arranged at the end of the detection extension box (841); and the temperature and humidity sensor (84) is electrically connected with control ends of the nutrient input mechanism (7) and the root zone maintenance mechanism (8); the soil arrangement mechanism (83) comprises: symmetrically arranged kneading mechanisms (831), soil holding claw groups (832) are arranged at the inner sides of the kneading mechanisms (831); a mounting support (833) fixedly arranged on the kneading mechanisms (831); a bidirectional screw driving shaft (834) driving the kneading mechanisms (831) on both sides to move towards each other; and a heating unit (835) with a heating head (836) arranged on the mounting support (833). ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The lifting roof frame (3) comprises two groups of parallel support roof beams (31), each of which is provided with a transmission screw (32) and a driving motor (33); The support roof beam (31) is slidably installed on the roof frame translation module (12); The transmission screw (32) is perpendicular to the roof frame translation module (12), and a beam frame moving unit (34) is arranged on the transmission screw (32); The lifting support (4) is suspended by two groups of beam frame moving units (34).

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein: The lifting support (4) comprises a lifting frame (41) fixed with the beam frame moving unit (34), a lifting frame body (42) installed at the bottom of the lifting frame (41), and a pushing cylinder (43); The detection unit (5) comprises: A detection main panel (51) fixed with a pushing rod (45) of the pushing cylinder (43); A vertical installation plate (52) vertically arranged on the panel; The lifting frame body (42) is provided with a lifting guide rail (44) for lifting the vertical installation plate (52).

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein: The detection main panel (51) is provided with: A fixed detection plate (53) and a fixed point detection module (57) on the surface of the fixed detection plate (53); A sliding detection plate (54) in sliding cooperation with the fixed detection plate (53), and a positioning detection module (58) is arranged on the surface of the sliding detection plate (54); A panel opening and closing driver (55) for driving the sliding detection plate (54).

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