A liftable energy self-sufficient marine communication buoy system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of energy self-sufficient marine communication buoy system of liftable, including buoy main body;Wave energy generator, install in buoy main body, for when buoy main body goes up and down with wave mechanical energy conversion into electric energy;Energy storage device, electrically connected to wave energy generator;Lifting system, including ballast tank and mechanical lifting device;Wherein, ballast tank is located in buoy main body, for by adjusting the water amount in cabin to adjust the buoyancy received;Mechanical lifting device is fixed to the anchor base outside and is connected to buoy main body, for driving buoy main body to do lifting movement in water;Communication device, for data communication in water surface state or underwater stealth state;Control device, for according to environmental parameter or remote instruction control buoy main body lifting and communication device communication mode switching, with strong ability of anti severe sea state, high concealment and scene adaptability, energy self-sufficient and stable, low operating cost, the reliable advantage of communication function.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of marine scientific research, in particular to a liftable energy self-sufficient marine communication buoy system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current widely used marine communication buoy exposes a series of key defects that need to be solved in actual deployment and long-term operation, which seriously restricts the full play and reliable guarantee of its effectiveness:

[0003] (1) Weakness in harsh sea state resistance and insufficient safety: The traditional buoy is usually anchored to the seabed, and its structure design is insufficient in dynamic response ability when facing extreme harsh sea conditions (such as strong storms, huge wave impact) or seasonal ice covering, which can cause damage to the buoy main structure, anchor chain system breakage, and failure of the carried equipment (especially exposed antenna), even overall overturning and sinking, resulting in expensive equipment loss and data transmission interruption.

[0004] (2) Lack of concealment and limited adaptability: The buoy main body is exposed to the sea surface for a long time, and its physical existence and electromagnetic signal characteristics (such as radar echo, communication signal) are difficult to hide. This constitutes a significant shortcoming in specific sensitive application scenarios. The existing buoy lacks the ability to actively dive or adjust position, and cannot realize temporary concealment or threat avoidance according to demand.

[0005] (3) Unstable energy supply and limited endurance due to environmental factors: The existing buoy highly depends on external energy supply, mainly using solar panels combined with storage batteries. This mode has obvious bottlenecks. In long-term rainy, foggy weather or long winter night period in high latitude areas, solar energy input is greatly reduced or even zero, and storage battery power is quickly depleted, causing key communication equipment and sensors to stop working due to power failure, forming data gaps, and seriously affecting the continuity and integrity of observation data.

[0006] (4) High operation and maintenance cost and poor economy: The limitations of the energy system directly push up the long-term operation and maintenance cost. Frequent dispatch of ships to remote or even dangerous sea areas to replace storage batteries or perform related maintenance not only has extremely high cost (involving ship rental, personnel, fuel, etc.), but also is limited by sea conditions, making it difficult to ensure the maintenance period, further increasing the risk of system failure. In addition, the damage of equipment or the difficulty of recovery due to bad weather or concealment requirements also makes the whole life cycle cost high. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a liftable energy self-sufficient marine communication buoy system, which can realize self-powered, improve the survival ability of the buoy in harsh sea conditions, the concealment in special scenes, and the energy self-sufficiency and communication stability in the whole life cycle.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A liftable, self-sufficient marine communication buoy system, including

[0010] Buoy body;

[0011] A wave energy generation device is installed inside the buoy body to convert wave mechanical energy into electrical energy as the buoy body moves up and down with the waves.

[0012] Energy storage device, electrically connected to wave energy generation device, used to supply power to all loads;

[0013] The lifting system includes a ballast tank and a mechanical lifting device; wherein, the ballast tank is located inside the buoy body and is used to adjust the buoyancy by adjusting the water volume inside the tank; the mechanical lifting device is fixed to the external anchoring foundation and connected to the buoy body, and is used to drive the buoy body to move up and down in the water;

[0014] A communication device is installed inside the buoy body and is used for data communication in the surface state or underwater concealed state.

[0015] The control device is connected to the wave energy generator, the lifting system, and the communication device, respectively, and is used to control the lifting of the buoy body and the switching of the communication mode of the communication device according to environmental parameters or remote commands.

[0016] Furthermore, the ballast tank is connected to a water pump via pipeline. The water pump is electrically connected to a control device. The control device controls the water pump to inject or drain water into the ballast tank, thereby regulating the water volume in the ballast tank and thus adjusting the buoyancy of the buoy body.

[0017] Furthermore, the wave energy power generation device includes a linear generator, a hydraulic telescopic rod, and a first hydraulic support rod. The buoy body is provided with a vertically extending slide rail, and the linear generator is slidably connected to the slide rail. One end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is hinged to the linear generator, and the other end is horizontally connected to the buoy body. One end of the first hydraulic support rod is hinged to the buoy body, and the other end is inclinedly hinged to the other end of the hydraulic telescopic rod, forming a triangular support.

[0018] Furthermore, the mechanical lifting device includes a hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic support rod. One end of the second hydraulic support rod is connected to the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is connected to the buoy body. The hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the anchoring foundation and electrically connected to the control device. The control device adjusts the flow direction of hydraulic oil by controlling the hydraulic cylinder, thereby driving the second hydraulic support rod to retract or extend, and thus driving the buoy body to rise and fall.

[0019] Further, the communication device comprises a satellite communication module, an underwater communication module, an adaptive radio frequency system and a communication strategy controller, the satellite communication module, the underwater communication module and the adaptive radio frequency system are electrically connected with the communication strategy controller, and the communication strategy controller is electrically connected with the control device; the satellite communication module is used for supporting bidirectional data transmission, realizing remote instruction receiving and key data returning; the underwater communication module is used for low-speed data transmission when the buoy main body is in an underwater hidden state; the control device controls the communication strategy controller to correspondingly switch the satellite communication module and the underwater communication module according to whether the buoy main body is in a water surface state or an underwater hidden state, and when the buoy main body is in the underwater hidden state, the communication strategy controller starts a burst transmission mode to shorten signal exposure time.

[0020] Further, the satellite communication module comprises a main communication antenna adopting a telescopic design, and the main communication antenna is electrically connected with the control device; when the control device controls the buoy main body to dive, the main communication antenna is synchronously controlled to be retracted into the buoy main body; when the control device controls the buoy main body to float to a working waterline, the main communication antenna is synchronously controlled to be unfolded.

[0021] Further, during the diving of the buoy main body, the control device is used for synchronously generating control signals for controlling the water pump to inject water into the ballast tank, the hydraulic cylinder to drive the second hydraulic support rod to retract, and the main communication antenna to retract; during the floating of the buoy main body, the control device is used for synchronously generating control signals for controlling the water pump to discharge water in the ballast tank, the hydraulic cylinder to drive the second hydraulic support rod to extend, and the main communication antenna to unfold.

[0022] Further, the environment monitoring sensor device is electrically connected with the control device, is used for detecting marine environmental parameters and feeding back the detected parameters to the control device, and comprises a wave height meter and a wind speed meter; the wave height meter is used for detecting wave height, and the wind speed meter is used for detecting wind speed; when the detected wave height or wind speed exceeds a preset threshold, the control device controls the lifting system to drive the buoy main body to dive to a predetermined safe depth according to the feedback parameters.

[0023] Further, the control device comprises a system state sensor, a controller and an execution mechanism; the system state sensor is used for collecting working state data of the wave energy power generation device, the lifting system and the communication device; the controller is used for generating control signals according to the data collected by the system state sensor, the environmental parameters fed back by the environment monitoring sensor device or remote instructions; and the execution mechanism is used for driving the wave energy power generation device, the lifting system and the communication device to act according to the control signals.

[0024] Further, the wave energy power generation device comprises an energy management unit. When the wave energy power generation device outputs sufficient electric energy, the electric energy is processed by the energy management unit, and a part of the electric energy is directly used to supply power to the load of the buoy system, and another part of the electric energy is transmitted to the energy storage device for storage; when the wave energy power generation device outputs insufficient electric energy, the energy storage device continuously supplies power to the load of the buoy system.

[0025] Overall, the present application has the following advantages:

[0026] Strong ability to resist severe sea conditions: through the coordinated action of the ballast tank adjusting buoyancy and the mechanical lifting device, the buoy can quickly dive to a safe depth to avoid the violently disturbed layer of the water body, accurately hover, avoid wind and wave impact, reduce the risk of buoy structure damage and equipment failure, and improve safety.

[0027] High concealment and scene adaptability: when receiving instructions or triggering conditions, the buoy can dive to a concealed depth to achieve physical concealment, and simultaneously switch communication to a silent or burst transmission mode to reduce electromagnetic exposure, adapting to sensitive scene requirements.

[0028] Energy self-sufficiency and stability: relying on the wave energy power generation device to convert the mechanical energy of the buoy into electric energy, and storing the electric energy by the energy storage device to supply power to the whole system, the present application breaks away from the dependence on solar energy, solves the problem of energy interruption in scenes such as rain, extreme night, and guarantees long-term endurance.

[0029] Low operation and maintenance cost: there is no need to frequently supply energy to remote sea areas, and the risk of equipment damage is reduced, which greatly reduces the operation and maintenance investment of ships, personnel, etc., and reduces the whole life cycle cost.

[0030] Reliable communication function: the communication device supports water surface satellite communication and underwater low-speed communication mode, and the main antenna can be retracted and extended, ensuring the communication safety and quick recovery of function of the buoy in the lifting state, and guaranteeing the continuity of data transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the liftable energy self-sufficient marine communication buoy system of the present embodiment.

[0032] In the figure:

[0033] 1-buoy main body, 11-ballast tank, 12-anchor chain;

[0034] 21-linear generator, 22-hydraulic telescopic rod, 23-first hydraulic support rod, 24-slideway, 25-pulley device;

[0035] 31-hydraulic cylinder, 32-hydraulic valve, 33-second hydraulic support rod, 34-hinge;

[0036] 4-anchoring foundation;

[0037] 5-communication device;

[0038] 6-energy storage device;

[0039] 7-underwater acoustic device;

[0040] 81-working waterline, 82-seabed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The application will be further described in detail below.

[0042] As shown in the figure, a liftable energy self-sufficient marine communication buoy system comprises: Figure 1

[0043] a buoy body 1 designed as a pressure-resistant and sealable cabin with a controllable buoyancy adjustment system;

[0044] a wave energy power generation device installed in the buoy body 1 for converting wave mechanical energy into electric energy when the buoy body 1 moves up and down with waves, thereby getting rid of dependence on solar energy, solving energy interruption problems in scenes such as rain, polar night, etc., avoiding power failure and data loss of equipment due to energy interruption, and ensuring long-term endurance; the wave energy power generation device comprises an energy capturing unit and an energy management unit. The energy capturing unit uses the buoy body 1 as an oscillating float to drive a built-in linear generator 21, directly converting wave mechanical energy into electric energy; the energy management unit comprises a rectifier, a super capacitor, a lithium ion battery pack, etc.

[0045] an energy storage device 6 electrically connected to the wave energy power generation device and arranged at the lower end inside the buoy body 1, with stable gravity center, for powering all loads (communication equipment, sensors, control systems, ballast pumps, etc.) of the buoy;

[0046] a lifting system comprising a ballast tank 11 and a mechanical lifting device double-acting mechanism; wherein the ballast tank 11 is arranged in the buoy body 1 for adjusting the buoyancy by adjusting the water volume in the tank; the mechanical lifting device is fixed to an external anchoring foundation 4 and connected to the buoy body 1 for driving the buoy body 1 to make lifting motion in water; as shown in the figure, the buoy body 1 is located on the working waterline 81, and the anchoring foundation 4 is fixed to the seabed 82. Figure 1

[0047] a communication device 5 arranged in the buoy body 1 for data communication in the surface state or underwater concealed state;

[0048] a control device connected with the wave energy power generation device, the lifting system and the communication device 5, respectively, for controlling the lifting of the buoy body 1 and the communication mode switching of the communication device 5 according to environmental parameters or remote instructions.

[0049] ​​Specifically, the ballast tank 11 is connected with a water pump through a pipeline, and the water pump is electrically connected with the control device. When the buoy main body 1 needs to dive, the control device controls the water pump to inject water into the ballast tank 11, so as to increase the negative buoyancy of the ballast tank 11 and make the buoy main body 1 dive. At this time, the physical exposure of the buoy disappears, and the probability of being detected by optical and radar is significantly reduced. When the buoy main body 1 needs to float, the control device controls the water pump to discharge water from the ballast tank 11, so as to increase the positive buoyancy of the ballast tank 11 and realize the floating of the buoy main body 1.

[0050] The wave energy power generation device comprises a linear generator 21, a hydraulic telescopic rod 22 and a first hydraulic support rod 23. A vertically extending slide rail 24 is arranged in the middle of the buoy main body 1. The slide rail 24 has good precision, can reduce friction and improve efficiency. A pulley device 25 is arranged on the slide rail 24. The linear generator 21 is connected to the pulley device 25 and can slide up and down on the slide rail 24 through the pulley device 25, so as to directly convert wave mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0051] One end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 22 is hingedly connected to the pulley device 25, and the other end is transversely connected to the inner wall of the buoy main body 1. One end of the first hydraulic support rod 23 is hingedly connected to the internal support of the buoy main body 1, and the other end is obliquely hingedly connected to the other end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 22, forming a triangular support. In this embodiment, two first hydraulic support rods 23 are arranged symmetrically on the upper and lower sides of the hydraulic telescopic rod 22.

[0052] When the buoy main body 1 moves downward with the wave: the buoy main body 1 moves downward as a whole, and the connection points of the hydraulic telescopic rod 22 and the hinged points of the first hydraulic support rod 23 and the internal support on the inner wall thereof move downward synchronously; the linear generator 21 and the pulley device 25 connected thereto have a tendency to keep the original position (or lag behind the buoy main body movement) due to their inertia, thereby generating an upward relative movement tendency with respect to the downward moving buoy main body 1 and the slide rail 24; the mover and the stator of the linear generator 21 are relatively cut by the magnetic induction lines, thereby converting the mechanical energy of the wave into electrical energy.

[0053] When the buoy main body 1 moves upward with the wave: the process is opposite to the above, the buoy main body 1 moves upward, the linear generator 21 has a downward relative movement tendency due to inertia, which forms a stretching force on the hydraulic telescopic rod 22, and also drives the mover and the stator of the linear generator 21 to move relatively, thereby realizing power generation.

[0054] In this way, with each lifting and lowering movement of the buoy main body 1 with the wave, the hydraulic rod system and the pulley device 25 can be matched to efficiently convert the reciprocating movement of the linear generator 21 into the reciprocating movement of the linear generator 21, thereby continuously generating power. The rectifier converts irregular alternating current into direct current, the super capacitor buffers instantaneous peak power, and the lithium ion battery pack stores electrical energy.

[0055] The mechanical lifting device includes a hydraulic valve 32, a hydraulic cylinder 31, and a second hydraulic support rod 33. The hydraulic cylinder 31 is hinged to the anchoring foundation 4 at the bottom of the cylinder body through a hinge 34 and is electrically connected with the control device. As the power core of the lifting system, the hydraulic cylinder 31 provides a 10m stroke of thrust / pull force. The second hydraulic support rod 33 is connected at one end with the hydraulic valve 32 on the hydraulic cylinder 31 and at the other end with the anchor chain 12 of the buoy body 1. The control device controls the flow direction of the hydraulic oil by controlling the hydraulic valve 32 to drive the second hydraulic support rod 33 to retract or extend, thereby driving the buoy body 1 together with the ballast tank 11 to lift or sink.

[0056] When the diving instruction is triggered, the hydraulic cylinder 31 retracts the oil to make the second hydraulic support rod 33 retract, and the anchor chain 12 moves downward along the telescopic column arranged at the bottom of the buoy body 1, so that the buoy body 1 sinks to a predetermined depth underwater, thereby avoiding damage to the structure of the buoy body 1, breakage of the anchor chain 12, failure of the equipment, or overturning and sinking of the equipment, and significantly reducing the risk of equipment loss and data transmission interruption in extreme environments.

[0057] When the floating instruction is triggered, the hydraulic cylinder 31 is reversely supplied with oil, and the second hydraulic support rod 33 extends, so that the buoy body 1 floats out of the water.

[0058] The communication device 5 is integrated in the top hatch of the buoy body 1 and is powered by wave energy. The main communication antenna in the communication device 5 is telescopic, which is automatically retracted into the sealed cabin when diving and is automatically unfolded when floating.

[0059] The communication device 5 includes a satellite communication module, an underwater communication module, an adaptive radio frequency system, and a communication strategy controller. The satellite communication module, the underwater communication module, and the adaptive radio frequency system are electrically connected with the communication strategy controller, and the communication strategy controller is electrically connected with the control device.

[0060] The satellite communication module is used to support bidirectional data transmission and realize remote instruction receiving and key data back transmission.

[0061] The underwater communication module is used for low-speed data transmission when the buoy body 1 is in the underwater hidden state.

[0062] The control device automatically switches the satellite communication module and the underwater communication module according to whether the buoy body 1 is in the surface state or the underwater hidden state. When the buoy body 1 is in the underwater hidden state, the communication strategy controller starts the burst transmission mode to greatly shorten the signal exposure time.

[0063] The environmental monitoring sensor device is electrically connected with the control device and is used to detect marine environmental parameters and feed back the detected parameters to the control device.

[0064] The environmental monitoring sensor device comprises a wave height meter and a wind speed meter, the wave height meter is used for detecting wave height, and the wind speed meter is used for detecting wind speed; when the detected wave height or wind speed exceeds a preset threshold value, the control device controls the lifting system to drive the buoy main body 1 to dive to a predetermined safe depth according to the feedback parameters, to avoid the violent disturbance layer of the water body and to avoid the direct impact of the wind wave or ice on the water surface.

[0065] The satellite communication module comprises a main communication antenna in a telescopic design, and the main communication antenna is electrically connected with the control device; when the control device controls the buoy main body 1 to dive, the main communication antenna is controlled to shrink into the buoy main body 1; when the control device controls the buoy main body 1 to float to the working waterline 81, the main communication antenna is controlled to expand.

[0066] The control device comprises a sensor, a controller and an execution mechanism, the sensor is used for collecting the working state data of the wave energy power generation device, the lifting system and the communication device 5, the controller is used for generating a control signal according to the data collected by the sensor, the environmental parameters fed back by the environmental monitoring sensor device or a remote instruction, and the execution mechanism is used for driving the wave energy power generation device, the lifting system and the communication device 5 to act according to the control signal.

[0067] During the diving process of the buoy main body 1, the controller synchronously generates control signals for controlling the water pump to inject water into the ballast tank 11, the hydraulic cylinder 31 to drive the second hydraulic support rod 33 to shrink, and the main communication antenna to shrink; during the floating process of the buoy main body 1, the controller synchronously generates control signals for controlling the water pump to discharge the water in the ballast tank 11, the hydraulic cylinder 31 to drive the second hydraulic support rod 33 to extend, and the main communication antenna to expand.

[0068] The wave energy power generation device comprises an energy management unit, when the wave energy power generation device outputs sufficient electric energy, the electric energy is processed by the energy management unit, a part of the electric energy is directly used for power supply of the load of the buoy system, and the other part of the electric energy is transmitted to the energy storage device 6 for storage; when the wave energy power generation device outputs insufficient electric energy, the energy storage device 6 continuously supplies power to the load of the buoy system.

[0069] The bottom of the buoy body 1 is also provided with a water acoustic device 7, the core function of which is to realize the emission and reception of underwater acoustic signals, which is a key executive component directly corresponding to the underwater communication module. When the buoy dives to the hidden depth, the radio wave (such as satellite signal) cannot be used due to the great attenuation in water, at this time the communication needs to be carried out by using the good propagation characteristics of sound waves in water. As the transducer of the underwater communication module, the water acoustic device converts the electrical signal into the acoustic signal to emit into the water, or converts the received acoustic signal into the electrical signal, so as to realize the low-speed and hidden data interaction with other underwater platforms or surface ships, and perfect the communication ability of the system in the whole working condition. In addition, the water acoustic device can be configured to collect underwater acoustic environmental parameters, such as assisting in monitoring the sea surface state as an acoustic wave height meter, or monitoring the underwater noise in a specific frequency band, further enriching the data dimension of the environmental monitoring sensor device and the sensing ability of the system in complex marine environment.

[0070] The inventive concept of the embodiment is to construct a full-link collaborative system of perception-decision-execution-energy support, realize function complementation, action synchronization and energy self-consistency through the central scheduling of the control device, and finally solve the core pain points of the existing buoy, such as poor wave resistance, insufficient concealment, energy dependence on external supply and high operation and maintenance cost. The specific collaborative action is carried out from the following four dimensions:

[0071] I. Environmental perception-intelligent control-dual execution mechanism collaboration: solve the problem of resistance to severe sea conditions and rapid response.

[0072] The collaborative system takes precise detection-real-time decision-high efficiency execution as the logic chain, integrates environmental monitoring sensor device, control device, controllable buoy body 1 buoyancy adjustment system (ballast tank 11 and water pump), hydraulic lifting device four technical characteristics, forms a double protection and synchronous action anti-wave threat mechanism, and the specific collaborative process is as follows:

[0073] 1. Perception trigger: the environmental monitoring sensor device (including wave height meter, anemometer) collects sea condition parameters such as wave height and wind speed in real time, when the detection value exceeds the preset threshold (such as wave height overrun, wind speed overrun) or the control device receives remote concealment instruction, immediately feedback the signal to the control device;

[0074] 2. Central decision: the control device (including sensor, controller, execution mechanism) quickly analyzes the signal, generates synchronous diving control instruction, and sends it to the hydraulic valve 32 of the water pump and hydraulic lifting device of the buoy body 1 respectively;

[0075] 3. Dual execution collaboration:

[0076] The water pump of the buoy body 1 responds to the instruction to inject water into the ballast tank 11, increases the negative buoyancy of the buoy, and provides gravity driving force for diving;

[0077] The hydraulic valve 32 of the hydraulic lifting device synchronously regulates the flow of hydraulic oil, drives the second hydraulic support rod 33 to retract, and drives the anchor chain 12 to move downward along the telescopic column, providing a pulling force constraint for diving;

[0078] Both of them work together to quickly dive the buoy body 1 to a safe depth to avoid the violent disturbance layer of the water body, avoiding the problem of slow diving speed and low depth control accuracy of a single actuator (such as relying only on the ballast tank 11); At the same time, the control device synchronously controls the main communication antenna of the communication device 5 to retract into the sealed cabin, preventing the antenna from being damaged by wind and waves, and realizing the synchronization and cooperation of diving and protecting equipment.

[0079] When the sea conditions are mild or the concealment requirement is removed, the system works in reverse: the water pump reduces the negative buoyancy, the second hydraulic support rod 33 extends to pull the anchor chain 12 up, and together drive the buoy body 1 to float to the working waterline 81, and the antenna is synchronously unfolded to restore communication. The whole process is through the action of multiple devices to ensure the stability and efficiency of the buoy in the process of danger avoidance-function recovery, solving the defects of poor wave resistance and insufficient dynamic response of traditional buoys.

[0080] II. Wave energy generation-energy storage-full system load coordination: realize energy self-sufficiency and continuous power supply, reduce operation and maintenance cost.

[0081] This coordination system takes energy capture-treatment-storage-on-demand distribution as the core, integrates wave energy generation device, energy storage device 6, control device, forms a self-consistent closed loop, and provides stable power for all loads of the buoy (communication, control, lifting, sensing). The specific coordination logic is as follows:

[0082] 1. Energy capture and load linkage: The wave energy generation device takes the buoy body 1 as the oscillating float, when the buoy moves up and down with the waves, it synchronously drives the hydraulic telescopic rod 22, the first hydraulic support rod 23 linkage pulley device 25 along the slide rail 24, and then drives the linear generator 21 to generate electricity. The movement function (lifting and avoiding waves and floating to work) of the buoy body 1 and the energy capture function of the wave energy generation form a reuse coordination: the buoy can complete energy capture without additional power during normal work or movement process, avoiding the redundant design of independent movement mechanism of traditional power generation device;

[0083] 2. Energy treatment and storage coordination: The energy management unit processes the irregular alternating current output by the generator: the rectifier converts it into direct current, the super capacitor buffers the instantaneous peak power of wave power generation, avoiding voltage fluctuation damage to equipment, and the lithium ion battery pack transmits stable power to the energy storage device 6 for storage. This process solves the technical problem of unstable output of wave energy generation through the function coordination of multiple components;

[0084] 3. Energy distribution and load adaptation: The energy storage device 6 is electrically connected with the full system load, and supplies power on demand under the dispatch of the control device:

[0085] When the wave energy is sufficient, the power generation device directly supplies power to the load and charges the energy storage device 6;

[0086] When the wave energy is insufficient (such as small wave conditions), the energy storage device 6 automatically supplies power to ensure that key functions such as hydraulic lifting, communication transmission, and environmental monitoring are not interrupted;

[0087] The traditional buoy is completely free from dependence on solar energy and storage batteries, solving the problem of energy interruption in scenes such as rain and extreme night, while greatly reducing operation and maintenance costs (ships, personnel, and fuel costs) due to the absence of frequent battery replacement, achieving the synergistic gains of energy self-sufficiency, cost reduction, and endurance stability, significantly reducing equipment loss costs throughout the life cycle, and improving the economic applicability of the system.

[0088] III. Dual-dimension synergy of physical concealment and electromagnetic concealment: improving special scene adaptability.

[0089] This synergy system focuses on reducing the exposure risk of the buoy, integrating the hydraulic lifting device, the buoy main body 1 buoyancy adjustment system, the communication device 5, and the control device to form a dual-concealment mechanism of physical concealment and electromagnetic concealment, solving the defect of traditional buoy exposure being easily detected, and the specific synergy methods are as follows:

[0090] 1. Physical concealment synergy: when the control device receives a remote concealment instruction or triggers a preset condition, it synchronously controls the hydraulic lifting device and the ballast tank 11 to cooperate, causing the buoy to dive to a concealed depth, and the buoy main body 1 to completely submerge underwater, thus significantly reducing the probability of being detected by optical and radar detection;

[0091] 2. Electromagnetic concealment synergy: while physically concealing, the control device sends instructions to the communication strategy controller of the communication device 5, triggering two electromagnetic concealment modes:

[0092] If no data transmission is required, start the communication mute mode to cut off electromagnetic signal emission;

[0093] If key data needs to be transmitted, start the burst transmission mode, which significantly shortens the signal exposure time to milliseconds;

[0094] At the same time, the communication device 5 automatically switches to the underwater communication module to complete data transmission at low speed and low electromagnetic radiation, avoiding the problem of high-frequency signals of the satellite communication module being easily intercepted.

[0095] Through the synergy of physical diving and electromagnetic signal control, the buoy can avoid physical detection and reduce electromagnetic exposure risk in sensitive monitoring scenarios, improving task flexibility and solving the single defect of traditional buoys relying solely on physical concealment to prevent electromagnetic detection.

[0096] Four, control device - whole device linkage coordination: to achieve the precise scheduling and function convergence in all conditions.

[0097] The control device as the central nervous system, with the buoy main body 1, wave power generation, hydraulic lifting, communication, sensing, energy storage and all other technical features form the closed-loop coordination of instruction-feedback-adjustment, to ensure the function convergence and action precision of each device under different conditions (normal work, severe sea conditions, concealment, maintenance), The specific coordination is as follows:

[0098] 1. Condition recognition and mode switching coordination: the control device recognizes the working condition of the buoy (such as severe sea conditions, concealment requirements, normal work) in real time through the parameters (wave height, wind speed) of the environmental monitoring sensor device and the remote instructions received by the communication device 5, and automatically switches the control mode:

[0099] In severe sea conditions, the hydraulic lifting and buoyancy adjustment system is preferentially scheduled to achieve submersion, and the power supply of unnecessary loads (such as secondary sensing functions) is simultaneously cut off to protect the core equipment power;

[0100] In concealment mode, the submersion and communication silence are preferentially scheduled, and the power output of the energy storage device 6 is simultaneously reduced to reduce electromagnetic radiation;

[0101] 2. Fault redundancy and safety coordination: when an abnormality occurs in a device (such as the second hydraulic support rod 33 jamming), the control device detects the abnormal submersion speed through the sensor and immediately adjusts another actuator (such as increasing the water injection amount of the ballast tank 11) to compensate for the power, avoiding the situation where a single device failure causes the buoy to be unable to avoid waves; At the same time, the energy storage device 6 automatically starts the emergency power supply mode to ensure that the fault alarm signals of the control unit and the communication device 5 can be normally transmitted, improving the safety of the system;

[0102] 3. Function recovery and energy coordination: when the buoy recovers from the submerged state to the working state, the control device synchronously schedules: the hydraulic lifting device extends → the buoy rises → the anchor chain 12 fixes the position → the ballast tank 11 drains to the working draft → the antenna unfolds → the communication device 5 switches to satellite communication mode → the wave power generation device resumes charging to the energy storage device 6. The whole process ensures that each function is connected in turn through time sequence coordination, avoiding action conflicts (such as the antenna is not unfolded and the communication is started, causing signal interruption).

[0103] This embodiment, through the central scheduling of the control device, makes the four core demands of wave resistance and risk avoidance, energy self-sufficiency, concealment safety and operation and maintenance economy form a whole that supports and optimizes each other:

[0104] Wave power generation provides energy for hydraulic lifting, communication and other actuators, ensuring the power basis for coordinated action;

[0105] The cooperation of environment sensing and double actuators provides a safe working environment for the energy system, and avoids equipment damage leading to energy interruption.

[0106] The cooperation of physical and electromagnetic concealment reduces the risk of equipment damage without relying on external protection, and further reduces the operation and maintenance cost.

[0107] Finally, through multi-dimensional cooperation, various technical features realize high survivability of the buoy in severe sea conditions, high adaptability in special scenarios, energy autonomy and economy in the whole life cycle, and completely solve the multi-dimensional defects of the prior art.

[0108] The above embodiments are the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited by the above embodiments, and any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present application should be equivalent replacement methods, and are included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A liftable, self-sufficient marine communication buoy system, characterized in that: include Buoy body; A wave energy generation device is installed inside the buoy body to convert wave mechanical energy into electrical energy as the buoy body moves up and down with the waves. Energy storage device, electrically connected to wave energy generation device, used to supply power to all loads; The lifting system includes a ballast tank and a mechanical lifting device; wherein, the ballast tank is located inside the buoy body and is used to adjust the buoyancy by adjusting the water volume inside the tank; the mechanical lifting device is fixed to the external anchoring foundation and connected to the buoy body, and is used to drive the buoy body to move up and down in the water; A communication device is installed inside the buoy body and is used for data communication in the surface state or underwater concealed state. The control device is connected to the wave energy generation device, the lifting system and the communication device respectively, and is used to control the lifting of the buoy body and the communication mode switching of the communication device according to environmental parameters or remote commands. The wave energy generation device includes a linear generator, a hydraulic telescopic rod, and a first hydraulic support rod. The buoy body is equipped with a vertically extending slide rail, and the linear generator is slidably connected to the slide rail. One end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is hinged to the linear generator, and the other end is horizontally connected to the buoy body. One end of the first hydraulic support rod is hinged to the buoy body, and the other end is inclinedly hinged to the other end of the hydraulic telescopic rod, forming a triangular support. The mechanical lifting device includes a hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic support rod. One end of the second hydraulic support rod is connected to the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is connected to the buoy body. The hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the anchoring foundation and electrically connected to the control device. The control device adjusts the flow of hydraulic oil by controlling the hydraulic cylinder, drives the second hydraulic support rod to retract or extend, thereby driving the buoy body to rise and fall. The communication device includes a satellite communication module, an underwater communication module, an adaptive radio frequency system, and a communication strategy controller. The satellite communication module, underwater communication module, and adaptive radio frequency system are all electrically connected to the communication strategy controller, which is electrically connected to the control device. The satellite communication module supports bidirectional data transmission, enabling remote command reception and critical data feedback. The underwater communication module is used for low-speed data transmission when the buoy is in a concealed underwater state. The control device controls the communication strategy controller to switch between the satellite communication module and the underwater communication module according to whether the buoy is on the surface or concealed underwater. When the buoy is in a concealed underwater state, the communication strategy controller initiates a burst transmission mode.

2. The liftable, self-sufficient marine communication buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ballast tank is connected to a water pump via pipeline. The water pump is electrically connected to a control device. The control device controls the water pump to inject or drain water into the ballast tank, thereby regulating the water volume in the ballast tank and thus the buoyancy of the buoy body.

3. The liftable, energy-self-sufficient marine communication buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The satellite communication module includes a main communication antenna with a retractable design, which is electrically connected to the control device. When the control device controls the buoy body to descend, it simultaneously controls the main communication antenna to retract into the buoy body. When the control device controls the buoy body to rise to the working draft line, it simultaneously controls the main communication antenna to extend.

4. The liftable, energy-self-sufficient marine communication buoy system according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the buoy's descent, the control device synchronously generates control signals to control the water pump to inject water into the ballast tank, the hydraulic cylinder to drive the second hydraulic support rod to retract, and the main communication antenna to retract. During the buoy's ascent, the control device synchronously generates control signals to control the water pump to discharge water from the ballast tank, the hydraulic cylinder to drive the second hydraulic support rod to extend, and the main communication antenna to deploy.

5. The liftable, self-sufficient marine communication buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an environmental monitoring sensor device, which is electrically connected to the control device and is used to detect marine environmental parameters and feed the detected parameters back to the control device. The environmental monitoring sensor device includes a wave altimeter and an anemometer. The wave altimeter is used to detect wave height and the anemometer is used to detect wind speed. When the detected wave height or wind speed exceeds a preset threshold, the control device controls the lifting system to drive the buoy body to dive to a predetermined safe depth based on the feedback parameters.

6. The liftable, energy-self-sufficient marine communication buoy system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control device includes a system status sensor, a controller, and an actuator. The system status sensor is used to collect the working status data of the wave energy power generation device, the lifting system, and the communication device. The controller is used to generate control signals based on the data collected by the system status sensor, environmental parameters fed back by the environmental monitoring sensor, or remote commands. The actuator is used to drive the wave energy power generation device, the lifting system, and the communication device to operate according to the control signals.

7. The liftable, energy-self-sufficient marine communication buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave energy generation device includes an energy management unit. When the wave energy generation device outputs sufficient electrical energy, the electrical energy is processed by the energy management unit, and part of it directly powers the load of the buoy system, while the other part is transmitted to the energy storage device for storage. When the wave energy generation device outputs insufficient electrical energy, the energy storage device continuously powers the load of the buoy system.

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