A two-position four-way directional control valve

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of valve, disclose a kind of two-position four-way reversing valve, including double-pasted valve body and hydraulic push device;Two hydraulic chambers that are interconnected are provided in double-pasted valve body, and valve core is arranged in each hydraulic chamber, and through hole extending axially is provided in valve core;Double-pasted valve body is equipped with liquid inlet, liquid return and liquid outlet communicated with hydraulic chamber;Valve sleeve is sleeved on valve core, first flow channel is arranged at the position opposite to liquid inlet of valve sleeve, and second flow channel is arranged at the position opposite to liquid return of valve sleeve;By setting valve sleeve outside valve core, it can make liquid in and out flow through first flow channel or second flow channel first, so that the effective flow area of high-pressure liquid entering double-pasted valve body cavity from liquid inlet is significantly increased, the flow of liquid in and out is significantly improved, and the reliability and response speed of valve core position switching in valve cavity are ensured by using hydraulic push device as driving structure to drive valve core movement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of valve technology, and in particular to a two-position four-way directional valve. Background Technology

[0002] Existing two-position four-way directional valves mainly control the directional function by manually operating or driving the valve core with an electromagnetic coil. By changing the position of the valve core, the oil circuit connection is changed.

[0003] Manually operated two-position four-way directional valves typically move the valve core by manually rotating a lever mechanism. Limited by human physiological limits, their output torque is usually less than 100 Nm. Even with lever amplification, this torque, converted into effective linear thrust, remains extremely limited. During hydraulic valve operation, the valve core must withstand forces from high-pressure fluid. This force is proportional to the system pressure and the area of ​​the valve core under pressure. The area of ​​the valve core under pressure depends on the diameter of the main flow channel and is proportional to the square of that diameter. When the system pressure is constant, increasing the diameter will significantly increase the hydraulic pressure on the valve core. Since the driving force provided by manual operation is limited, it cannot overcome the large hydraulic pressure generated by a large-diameter valve core under high pressure. Therefore, the diameter must be limited to a small range, typically 6 mm to 10 mm.

[0004] The thrust (F=BIL) generated by a two-position four-way directional valve driven by an electromagnetic coil is limited by the number of coil turns, current, core size and heat dissipation conditions. The thrust of a typical industrial solenoid valve is only in the range of 20-100N. Increasing the thrust will lead to a significant increase in coil volume and severe heat generation, and reduce reliability when working for a long time. It also cannot provide the large thrust required to drive a large-diameter valve core, so the valve diameter must also be limited.

[0005] Due to thrust limitations, the existing two-position four-way directional valves have relatively small valve diameters, resulting in flow rates that are limited to a low level, generally only in the range of 100L / min to 250L / min. This cannot meet the application requirements of high-pressure, high-flow hydraulic systems in industrial production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a two-position four-way directional valve with a large thrust and a significantly increased flow rate within the directional valve, which can meet the application requirements of high-pressure, high-flow hydraulic systems in industrial production.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a two-position four-way directional valve, comprising a double-valve body and a hydraulic actuation device;

[0008] The double-valve body has two interconnected hydraulic chambers, each of which contains a valve core, and the valve core has an axially extending through hole.

[0009] The double-valve body is equipped with an inlet, a return port, and an outlet that communicate with the hydraulic chamber;

[0010] A valve sleeve is fitted onto the valve core. A first flow channel is provided on the valve sleeve at the position opposite to the liquid inlet, and a second flow channel is provided on the valve sleeve at the position opposite to the liquid return outlet.

[0011] The hydraulic actuation device is used to move each valve core up and down within the hydraulic chamber;

[0012] The valve core has a first position and a second position during the movement. When the valve core is in the first position, the high-pressure liquid flows through the inlet, the first flow channel, the through hole and the outlet in sequence.

[0013] When the valve core is in the second position, the high-pressure liquid flows sequentially through the outlet, the second flow channel, and the return port.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the valve sleeve fits against the side wall of the valve core, and the outer wall of the valve sleeve fits against the side wall of the hydraulic chamber.

[0015] The upper outer and inner sides of the valve sleeve are provided with first annular grooves, and the upper part of the valve sleeve is provided with multiple first through holes connecting the two first annular grooves to form a first flow channel;

[0016] The lower outer and inner sides of the valve sleeve are provided with second annular grooves, and the upper part of the valve sleeve is provided with multiple second through holes connecting the two second annular grooves to form a second flow channel.

[0017] Preferably, the double-sealed valve body is provided with an upper sealing seat and a valve stem. The upper sealing seat divides the interior of the double-sealed valve body into a control chamber and a hydraulic chamber. A through hole is provided in the middle of the upper sealing seat. The valve stem moves through the through hole. One end of the valve stem that passes through the through hole is connected to the valve core. A hydraulic actuation device is used to push the other end of the valve stem.

[0018] Preferably, the hydraulic actuation device includes a piston, a piston movable seal is disposed in the upper part of the control chamber, the piston divides the control chamber into a pilot chamber located in the upper part of the piston and a reset chamber located in the lower part of the piston, the lower part of the piston is connected to the valve stem, and an elastic reset element is disposed in the reset chamber;

[0019] The pilot chamber is used to fill or drain pilot fluid to drive the piston and move the valve stem up and down;

[0020] The lower end of the elastic reset element abuts against the upper sealing seat, and the upper end of the elastic reset element abuts against the piston or valve stem.

[0021] Preferably, the side wall of the reset cavity is provided with a vent hole that communicates with the outside.

[0022] Preferably, the elastic reset component includes an upper spring seat, a lower spring seat, and a first spring. The upper spring seat is fixedly connected to the side wall of the valve stem, the lower spring seat is fixedly connected to the upper sealing seat, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the upper spring seat, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the lower spring seat.

[0023] Preferably, the two-position four-way directional valve also includes a lower sealing seat, which is fixed to the bottom of the hydraulic chamber. A connecting hole is provided in the middle of the lower sealing seat, and the connecting hole communicates with the liquid outlet.

[0024] Preferably, the upper end of the valve core has a flared portion with a diameter larger than that of the lower part of the valve core.

[0025] Preferably, the flared part is provided with a first stepped hole, and the lower end of the valve core is provided with a second stepped hole.

[0026] Preferably, the lower part of the valve core is provided with a blind hole, and the center of the upper part of the valve core is provided with a mounting hole for installing the valve stem. The mounting hole communicates with the blind hole, and the mounting hole is provided with at least two through holes communicating with the blind hole at circumferential intervals.

[0027] A locking assembly is provided inside the valve core, extending to the top of the blind hole.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the two-position four-way directional valve of this invention has the following advantages:

[0029] The two-position four-way directional valve provided by the present invention has a valve sleeve set outside the valve core, and a first flow channel set on the valve sleeve relative to the inlet and a second flow channel set relative to the return port. This allows the inlet and outlet liquids to flow through the first or second flow channel first. The fluid uniformly fills the first or second flow channel and stabilizes the pressure before flowing downstream. This significantly increases the effective flow area of ​​the high-pressure liquid entering the cavity of the double valve body from the inlet, significantly improving the flow rate of the inlet and outlet liquids. Furthermore, the process of stabilizing the pressure of the high-pressure liquid in the first and second flow channels makes the fluid pressure distribution more uniform, improving the operational stability of the two-position four-way directional valve.

[0030] By using a hydraulic actuator as the driving structure to move the valve core, the introduced hydraulic driving force is not limited by human power or coil volume, and can provide a large driving thrust, which is sufficient to overcome the large hydraulic pressure that the large flow valve core is subjected to under high pressure, thus ensuring the reliability and response speed of the valve core position switching in the valve cavity. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a two-position four-way directional valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a front view of a two-position four-way directional valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a side view of a two-position four-way directional valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a top view of a two-position four-way directional valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of a two-position four-way directional valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a side sectional view of a two-position four-way directional valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a front sectional view of a two-position four-way directional valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a first-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the valve core of the two-position four-way reversing valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a second-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the valve core of the two-position four-way reversing valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a third-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the valve core of the two-position four-way reversing valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a front view of the valve core of the two-position four-way directional valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a top view of the valve core of the two-position four-way directional valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 13 This is a bottom view of the valve core of the two-position four-way directional valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 14 yes Figure 12 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0045] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the valve sleeve of a two-position four-way directional valve provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In the diagram, 1. Valve cover; 2. Piston; 3. Upper spring seat; 4. First spring; 5. Second spring; 6. Valve stem; 7. Lower spring seat; 8. Upper sealing seat; 9. Valve core; 10. Locking assembly; 11. Valve sleeve; 12. Lower sealing seat; 13. First seal; 14. Second seal; 15. Third seal; 16. Fourth seal; 17. Fifth seal; 18. Sixth seal; 19. Double-panel valve body; 20. Inlet; 21. Return port; 22. Outlet; 23. Expansion valve. 24. Through hole; 25. Mounting hole; 26. Fitting part; 27. Partition; 28. First through hole; 29. ​​Second through hole; 30. Pilot liquid port; 31. Vent hole; 32. Control chamber; 321. Pilot chamber; 322. Reset chamber; 33. Hydraulic chamber; 34. Connecting hole; 35. Hydraulic test port; 36. First stepped hole; 37. Second stepped hole; 38. Blind hole; 39. First flow channel; 40. Second flow channel; 41. First annular groove; 42. Second annular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0049] It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used in this invention to describe various types of information, but these terms are not limited to them; they are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this invention, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a two-position four-way directional valve, comprising a double-panel valve body 19 and a hydraulic actuation device; the double-panel valve body 19 has two interconnected hydraulic chambers 33, each hydraulic chamber 33 is provided with a valve core 9, and the valve core 9 has an axially extending through hole 24; the double-panel valve body 19 is provided with an inlet 20, a return port 21 and an outlet 22 communicating with the hydraulic chambers 33; a valve sleeve 11 is fitted onto the valve core 9, and the valve sleeve 11 is positioned opposite the inlet 20 with a... The first flow channel 39 and the valve sleeve 11 are provided with a second flow channel 40 at the position opposite to the return port 21; the hydraulic push device is used to push each valve core 9 to move up and down in the hydraulic chamber 33; the valve core 9 has a first position and a second position during the movement. When the valve core 9 is in the first position, the high pressure liquid flows through the inlet port 20, the first flow channel 39, the through hole 24 and the outlet port 22 in sequence; when the valve core 9 is in the second position, the high pressure liquid flows through the outlet port 22, the second flow channel 40 and the return port 21 in sequence.

[0052] By setting a valve sleeve 11 outside the valve core 9, and setting a first flow channel 39 relative to the inlet 20 and a second flow channel 40 relative to the return port 21 on the valve sleeve 11, the inlet and outlet liquids can first flow through the first flow channel 39 or the second flow channel 40. The fluid evenly fills the first flow channel 39 or the second flow channel 40 and stabilizes the pressure before flowing downstream. This significantly increases the effective flow area of ​​the high-pressure liquid entering the cavity of the double valve body 19 from the inlet 20, significantly improving the flow rate of the inlet and outlet liquids. Furthermore, the process of stabilizing the pressure of the high-pressure liquid in the first flow channel 39 and the second flow channel 40 makes the fluid pressure distribution more uniform, improving the stability of the two-position four-way directional valve operation.

[0053] The hydraulic actuator serves as the driving structure for the movement of the valve core 9. The hydraulic driving force introduced is not limited by human power or the size of the coil, and can provide a large driving thrust, which is sufficient to overcome the large hydraulic pressure that the large flow valve core 9 experiences under high pressure, thus ensuring the reliability and response speed of the valve core 9 in the valve cavity position switching.

[0054] Specifically, the inner wall of the valve sleeve 11 is fitted with the side wall of the valve core 9, and the outer wall of the valve sleeve 11 is fitted with the side wall of the hydraulic chamber 33; the upper outer and inner sides of the valve sleeve 11 are provided with a first annular groove 41, and the upper part of the valve sleeve 11 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 28 connecting the two first annular grooves 41 to form a first flow channel 39; the lower outer and inner sides of the valve sleeve 11 are provided with a second annular groove 42, and the upper part of the valve sleeve 11 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 29 connecting the two second annular grooves 42 to form a second flow channel 40.

[0055] The upper and lower ends of the valve sleeve 11 are fitted with the side wall of the hydraulic chamber 33 to form a fitting part 26. A partition 27 is provided on the middle outer wall of the valve sleeve 11. The outer wall of the partition 27 is fitted with the side wall of the hydraulic chamber 33, and the inner wall of the partition 27 is fitted with the side wall of the valve core 9. A gap is reserved between the upper inner wall of the valve sleeve 11 and the side wall of the valve core 9 to form a first annular groove 41 on the upper inner side of the valve sleeve 11. A gap is reserved between the upper outer wall of the valve sleeve 11 and the side wall of the hydraulic chamber 33 to form a first annular groove 41 on the upper outer side of the valve sleeve 11. A gap is reserved between the lower inner wall of the valve sleeve 11 and the side wall of the valve core 9 to form a second annular groove 42 on the lower inner side of the valve sleeve 11. A gap is reserved between the lower outer wall of the valve sleeve 11 and the side wall of the hydraulic chamber 33 to form a second annular groove 42 on the lower outer side of the valve sleeve 11.

[0056] The first through hole 28 and the second through hole 29 on the side wall of the valve sleeve 11 connect the first annular groove 41 and the second annular groove 42 on the inner and outer sides respectively to form the first flow channel 39 and the second flow channel 40. The partition 27 in the middle of the valve sleeve 11 separates the first flow channel 39 and the second flow channel 40. Thus, after the high-pressure liquid enters the cavity, it first fills the annular flow channel. The design of the annular flow path significantly increases the effective flow area and improves the inlet and outlet flow rate. At the same time, the annular flow channel makes the fluid distribution more uniform and avoids local pressure concentration.

[0057] Specifically, the double valve body 19 is provided with an upper sealing seat 8 and a valve stem 6. The upper sealing seat 8 divides the interior of the double valve body 19 into a control chamber 32 and a hydraulic chamber 33. The upper sealing seat 8 has a through hole in the middle. The valve stem 6 moves through the through hole. One end of the valve stem 6 that passes through the through hole is connected to the valve core 9. The hydraulic push device is used to push the other end of the valve stem 6.

[0058] When the valve core 9 is in the first position, the top of the valve core 9 is in sealed contact with the top of the hydraulic chamber 33. At this time, when the liquid in the inlet 20 enters the upper first flow channel 39, it is blocked by the sealing surface of the valve core 9 and the top of the hydraulic chamber 33 and cannot enter the through hole 24. Thus, the fluid in the inlet 20 cannot flow through the through hole 24 to the outlet 22 or the return port 21. At the same time, when the valve core 9 is in the first position, the bottom of the valve core 9 is separated from the bottom of the hydraulic chamber 33. At this time, the fluid in the outlet 22 can enter the lower second flow channel 40 and then flow to the return port 21, realizing the connection between the outlet 22 and the return port 21.

[0059] When the valve core 9 is in the second position, the top of the valve core 9 is separated from the top of the hydraulic chamber 33. At this time, the liquid in the inlet 20 enters the upper first flow channel 39, enters the valve sleeve 11 through the first through hole 28, and then enters the through hole 24 in the valve core 9. Since the bottom of the valve core 9 is in contact with the bottom of the hydraulic chamber 33, the liquid in the through hole 24 can only flow to the outlet 22 and cannot enter the lower second flow channel 40, thereby realizing the connection between the inlet 20 and the outlet 22. This maximizes the use of space to increase the flow rate and further improves the smoothness of the valve core 9's movement and its service life.

[0060] Furthermore, the two-position four-way directional valve provided by this invention adopts a hydraulic pilot mode. The pilot fluid entering from the pilot port 30 drives the valve stem 6 to move, which in turn drives the valve core 9 to move up and down. The introduced control fluid pressure is not limited by human power or coil volume, and can provide a large driving thrust, which is sufficient to overcome the large hydraulic pressure on the large-diameter valve core 9 under high pressure, thus providing a basis for improving the flow rate of the two-position four-way directional valve.

[0061] Specifically, the hydraulic actuation device includes a piston 2. The piston 2 is movable and sealed at the upper part of the control chamber 32. The piston 2 divides the control chamber 32 into a pilot chamber 321 located at the upper part of the piston 2 and a reset chamber 322 located at the lower part of the piston 2. The lower part of the piston 2 is connected to the valve stem 6. An elastic reset element is provided in the reset chamber 322. The pilot chamber 321 is used to fill or discharge pilot fluid to drive the piston 2 to move the valve stem 6 up and down. The lower end of the elastic reset element abuts against the upper sealing seat 8, and the upper end of the elastic reset element abuts against the piston 2 or the valve stem 6.

[0062] The movement of valve stem 6 drives valve core 9 to connect inlet port 20 and outlet port 22 or outlet port 22 and return port 21 respectively in different working positions, realizing reliable switching and sealing of flow path; elastic reset element is used to push valve stem 6 to place it in the first position; the up and down movement of valve stem 6 in control chamber 32 is driven by pilot fluid and automatically reset in conjunction with elastic reset element, ensuring the reliability and response speed of valve position switching.

[0063] Specifically, a valve cover 1 is provided at the top of the cavity, and a piston 2 is moved and sealed inside the valve cover 1. A first sealing element 13 is provided on the outer side wall of the piston 2. The first sealing element 13 divides the control cavity 32 into a pilot cavity 321 and a reset cavity 322. A pilot liquid port 30 is provided at the top of the valve cover 1. Pilot liquid enters the pilot cavity 321 from the pilot liquid port 30 and pushes the piston 2 to move. An elastic reset element is provided in the reset cavity 322. During the process of pilot liquid entering and exiting, the pilot liquid port 30 is naturally cleaned, effectively avoiding the problem of impurities clogging the port.

[0064] Specifically, the side wall of the reset chamber 322 is provided with a vent 31 that communicates with the outside. When the piston 2 moves, the piston 2 drives the piston rod to move, and the volume inside the reset chamber 322 changes. If there is no vent 31, positive or negative pressure is easily formed, which hinders the movement of the piston 2 and affects the reset performance. However, after the vent 31 is provided, air can freely enter and exit the reset chamber 322, avoiding the gas blockage phenomenon in the reset chamber 322, ensuring that the reset spring can play its role smoothly, and significantly improving the sensitivity, stability and reliability of the piston 2's movement.

[0065] Specifically, the elastic reset component includes an upper spring seat 3, a lower spring seat 7, and a first spring 4. The upper spring seat 3 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the valve stem 6, the lower spring seat 7 is fixedly connected to the upper sealing seat 8, one end of the first spring 4 is fixedly connected to the upper spring seat 3, and the other end of the first spring 4 is fixedly connected to the lower spring seat 7.

[0066] Specifically, the outer side wall of the upper sealing seat 8 is provided with a second sealing element 14, and the inner side wall of the upper sealing seat 8 is provided with a third sealing element 15; this achieves physical isolation between the reset chamber 322 and the hydraulic chamber 33, prevents high-pressure liquid in the hydraulic chamber 33 from leaking into the reset chamber 322, and further ensures the independence and stability of the pressure in each chamber.

[0067] Specifically, the two-position four-way directional valve also includes a lower sealing seat 12, which is fixed to the bottom of the hydraulic chamber 33. A connecting hole is provided in the middle of the lower sealing seat 12, which communicates with the liquid outlet 22. The lower sealing seat 12 is fixed to the bottom of the hydraulic chamber 33 to prevent high-pressure liquid from leaking from the bottom of the valve chamber and to ensure the sealing reliability of the system. At the same time, the lower sealing seat 12 provides a precise sealing mating surface for the valve core 9 to move down, so that the valve core 9 can stably abut and seal in the second working position, thereby accurately controlling the liquid circuit opening and closing, and further improving the sealing and operation accuracy of the valve under high pressure conditions.

[0068] Specifically, the outer side wall of the partition 27 is provided with a fourth sealing element 16, and the inner side wall of the partition 27 is provided with a fifth sealing element 17. By providing the fourth sealing element 16 and the fifth sealing element 17, the annular flow channels on the upper and lower sides of the valve sleeve 11 are prevented from communicating with each other.

[0069] Specifically, the outer wall of the upper sealing seat 8 is provided with a sixth sealing element 18; the lower sealing seat 12 is fixed to the bottom of the hydraulic cavity 33, and its outer wall is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the hydraulic cavity 33 through the sixth sealing element 18, which effectively prevents high pressure liquid from leaking from the bottom of the hydraulic cavity 33.

[0070] Specifically, the upper end of the valve core 9 is provided with a flared portion 23 whose diameter is larger than that of the lower part of the valve core 9. When the valve core 9 is in the first position, although the high-pressure liquid entering the first flow channel 39 from the inlet 20 cannot directly enter the through hole 24 in the middle of the valve core 9, the high-pressure liquid pushes the lower part of the flared portion 23, and the auxiliary elastic reset member seals the valve core 9 against the end face of the upper sealing seat 8, which helps the valve core 9 and the upper sealing seat 8 to fit and seal. During the process of the valve core 9 moving from the first position to the second position, the high-pressure liquid in the first flow channel 39 When the valve core 9 enters, the driving force of the valve core 9 is the movement of the valve stem 6. However, because the valve core 9 has a flared part 23 at the upper end, when the high pressure liquid reaches the top of the valve core 9, the high pressure liquid pushes the flared part 23 with a larger outer diameter at the top of the valve core 9. The high pressure liquid generates downward pressure on the flared part 23, which helps the valve core 9 overcome the elastic force of the elastic reset member and move downward. When the valve is in the second position, the downward pressure of the high pressure liquid on the flared part 23 helps the valve core 9 to seal against the end face of the lower sealing seat 12. At this time, it helps the valve core 9 and the lower sealing seat 12 to fit and seal.

[0071] Specifically, the flared part 23 is provided with a first stepped hole 36, the lower end of the valve core 9 is provided with a second stepped hole 37, one end of the through hole 24 is connected to the first stepped hole 36, and the other end of the through hole 24 is connected to the second stepped hole 37.

[0072] When the valve core 9 is in the first position, the top of the first stepped hole 36 is sealed and fitted with the bottom of the upper sealing seat 8; when the valve core 9 is in the second position, the bottom of the second stepped hole 37 is sealed and fitted with the top of the lower sealing seat 12; the cross-sectional areas of the first stepped portion 36 and the second stepped portion 37 at both ends of the valve core 9 are smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the middle part of the entire valve core 9. By using the first stepped portion 36 and the second stepped portion 37 with smaller cross-sectional areas to seal and abut against the two sealing seats, the sealing contact area is significantly reduced compared to the entire end face of the valve core 9 participating in the sealing. Under the same spring preload or hydraulic pressure, reducing the contact area will directly lead to an inverse increase in the sealing specific pressure. The higher sealing specific pressure can more effectively crush the micro-irregularities on the sealing surface, increasing the reliability of the seal under the same clamping force.

[0073] Specifically, the lower part of the valve core 9 is provided with a blind hole 38, and the center of the upper part of the valve core 9 is provided with a mounting hole 25 for mounting the valve stem 6. The mounting hole 25 communicates with the blind hole 38, and the mounting hole 25 is provided with at least two through holes 24 that communicate with the blind hole 38 at circumferential intervals. A locking assembly 10 is provided in the valve core 9 at a position extending to the top of the blind hole 38.

[0074] By designing a large-diameter blind hole 38 at the bottom of the valve core 9 and a solid top with multiple circumferentially oriented through holes 24, the overall mechanical properties and manufacturability of the valve core 9 are significantly optimized while enabling high-flow-rate fluid passage. The lower blind hole 38 structure, while meeting the flow area requirements, avoids the problem of excessively large flow channel diameters in pursuit of internal flow channel area, which would lead to excessively thin sidewalls of the lower valve core 9 and reduce structural strength. This ensures that the valve core 9 has sufficient wall thickness and structural strength under high pressure, effectively resisting deformation. The mounting hole 25, which connects to the blind hole 38, is located in the center of the upper solid area, providing a solid base for the valve stem 6 installation and ensuring connection reliability. The multiple circumferentially oriented through holes 24 of the connecting hole 34 not only form a uniformly distributed inlet channel, improving the fluid distribution balance, but also avoid the disruption of material continuity caused by a single ultra-large channel in the axial region of the valve core 9, further enhancing the rigidity and impact resistance of the valve core 9. Specifically, the locking component 10 is a nut.

[0075] Specifically, the diameter of each through hole 24 is 10mm.

[0076] Specifically, the elastic reset component also includes a second spring 5. One end of the second spring 5 is fixedly connected to the upper spring seat 3, and the other end of the second spring 5 is fixedly connected to the lower spring seat 7. The second spring 5 is located inside the first spring 4. The two springs work in parallel, and their total stiffness is approximately the sum of the stiffnesses of the two springs. This allows for a greater elastic reset force than a single spring under the same spatial constraints, ensuring that the valve core 9 can reset quickly and reliably even under high pressure differential. The two springs also constitute a redundant system. If one spring fails due to fatigue or accidental damage, the other spring can still provide the necessary reset force to prevent the valve core 9 from jamming in a certain position, thereby avoiding the loss of function of the entire directional valve and significantly improving the safety and reliability of the hydraulic system.

[0077] Specifically, the double-valve body 19 is also provided with hydraulic test ports 35 on the side walls of each cavity. One end of the hydraulic test port 35 is connected to the outside, and the other end is connected to the outlet 22. The hydraulic test port 35 is directly connected to the outlet 22, so that maintenance personnel can directly read the actual working pressure of the actuator by connecting a pressure gauge or sensor without interrupting the system operation or disassembling the pipeline. This simplifies the system debugging, daily maintenance and fault diagnosis process, improves work efficiency and safety, and enables real-time monitoring of the hydraulic system's operating status.

[0078] Specifically, the size of the liquid inlet 20 is 22mm.

[0079] Specifically, the pilot liquid port 30, the liquid inlet 20, the liquid return port 21 and the liquid outlet 22 are each provided with at least one connecting hole 34 in the circumference, and the connecting hole 34 is provided to facilitate connection with other external structures.

[0080] The working process of this invention is as follows: Taking one of the cavities within the double-panel valve body 19 as an example, in the initial state, the valve core 9 in this cavity is located in the first position, and the first spring 4 and the second spring 5 are in a pre-compressed state, pushing the valve stem 6 and the valve core 9 fixed thereto to move upward, so that the first stepped portion 36 at the upper end of the valve core 9 is tightly fitted with the bottom of the upper sealing seat 8, forming an upper hard sealing pair. At this time, the high-pressure liquid from the inlet 20 enters the upper annular flow channel (i.e., the first flow channel) formed by the valve sleeve 11 and the inner wall of the cavity, but due to the blockage of the upper sealing pair, it cannot enter the through hole 24 inside the valve core 9. At the same time, the lower end of the valve core 9 separates from the lower sealing seat 12, and the outlet 22 connects with the lower annular flow channel (i.e., the second flow channel) and the return port 21 of the valve sleeve 11. The liquid on the side of the actuator (such as the hydraulic cylinder) flows back through this path, realizing unloading or reset.

[0081] When pilot control oil enters the pilot chamber 321 from the pilot port 30 at the top of the valve cover 1, the hydraulic pressure pushes the piston 2 downward against the elastic force of the elastic reset element. The piston 2 drives the valve stem 6 and the valve core 9 to move downward simultaneously. The first stepped portion 36 at the upper end of the valve core 9 separates from the upper sealing seat 8, and the high-pressure liquid in the upper annular flow channel immediately flows into the multiple through holes 24 inside the valve core 9 through the first through hole 28 on the valve sleeve 11. At the same time, the second stepped portion 37 at the lower end of the valve core 9 fits against the top of the lower sealing seat 12 to form a lower hard seal pair, blocking the passage between the outlet port 22 and the return port 21. The high-pressure liquid then flows directionally to the outlet port 22 through the through holes 24 of the valve core 9, providing power to the actuator. During this process, the flared portion 23 at the upper end of the valve core 9 effectively increases the pressure-bearing area, and the system hydraulic pressure acts on the flared portion 23 to generate a downward additional thrust, which significantly assists the reversing action and enhances the sealing effect.

[0082] When the pilot control oil is depressurized, the elastic reset component releases its stored elastic potential energy, pushing the piston 2, valve stem 6, and valve core 9 upwards as a whole. The lower end of the valve core 9 disengages from the lower sealing seat 12, reopening the return channel from the outlet 22 to the return port 21; the upper end of the valve core 9 then re-fits with the upper sealing seat 8, cutting off the main oil circuit from the inlet 20 to the outlet 22. The vent 31 on the side wall of the reset chamber 322 remains open to the atmosphere, preventing air resistance during the piston 2 reset process and ensuring sensitive and stable operation.

[0083] Under normal conditions, the valve core 9 in the other cavity of the double valve body 19 moves in the opposite position to the valve core 9 mentioned above. When the valve core 9 is in the first position, the valve core 9 in the other cavity is in the second position. The two valve cores 9 work together to achieve the two-position four-way direction switching and flow distribution functions.

[0084] Of course, when multiple double valve bodies 19 are set in the entire hydraulic system, in order to adapt to other working conditions of the hydraulic system, the valve cores 9 in the two cavities of some double valve bodies 19 can also move in the same position.

[0085] In summary, the two-position four-way directional valve provided in this embodiment of the invention significantly increases the effective flow area of ​​the high-pressure fluid entering the cavity of the double-panel valve body from the inlet by setting a first flow channel and a second flow channel outside the valve core. This indirectly increases the effective diameter of the two-position four-way directional valve and significantly improves the flow rate of the inlet and outlet liquids. Furthermore, by setting a first flow channel relative to the inlet and a second flow channel relative to the return port, the inlet and outlet liquids can first flow through the first or second flow channel. The fluid is evenly filled in the first or second flow channel and stabilized before flowing downstream, making the fluid pressure distribution more uniform and improving the operational stability of the two-position four-way directional valve.

[0086] By using a hydraulic actuator as the driving structure to move the valve core, the introduced hydraulic pressure is not limited by human power or coil volume, and can provide a large driving thrust, which is sufficient to overcome the large hydraulic pressure on the large-diameter valve core under high pressure, ensuring the reliability and response speed of the valve core position switching in the valve cavity.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-position four-way directional valve, characterized in that, Includes a double-valve body (19) and a hydraulic actuation device; The double valve body (19) is provided with two interconnected hydraulic chambers (33), and each hydraulic chamber (33) is provided with a valve core (9), and the valve core (9) is provided with an axially extending through hole (24). The double valve body (19) is provided with an inlet (20), a return port (21) and an outlet (22) that are connected to the hydraulic chamber (33). The valve core (9) is fitted with a valve sleeve (11), and a first flow channel (39) is provided on the valve sleeve (11) opposite to the liquid inlet (20), and a second flow channel (40) is provided on the valve sleeve (11) opposite to the liquid return port (21). The hydraulic actuation device is used to push each of the valve cores (9) to move up and down within the hydraulic chamber (33); The valve core (9) has a first position and a second position during movement. When the valve core (9) is in the first position, the high-pressure liquid flows sequentially through the inlet (20), the first flow channel (39), the through hole (24) and the outlet (22). When the valve core (9) is in the second position, the high-pressure liquid flows sequentially through the outlet (22), the second flow channel (40), and the return port (21). The double valve body (19) is provided with an upper sealing seat (8) and a valve stem (6). The upper sealing seat (8) divides the interior of the double valve body (19) into a control chamber (32) and a hydraulic chamber (33). The upper sealing seat (8) has a through hole in the middle. The valve stem (6) moves through the through hole. One end of the valve stem (6) that passes through the through hole is connected to the valve core (9). The hydraulic push device is used to push the other end of the valve stem (6). The hydraulic actuation device includes a piston (2), which is movably sealed in the upper part of the control chamber (32). The piston (2) divides the control chamber (32) into a pilot chamber (321) located in the upper part of the piston (2) and a reset chamber (322) located in the lower part of the piston (2). The lower part of the piston (2) is connected to the valve stem (6). An elastic reset element is provided in the reset chamber (322). The pilot chamber (321) is used to fill or discharge pilot fluid to drive the piston (2) to move the valve stem (6) up and down; The lower end of the elastic reset member abuts against the upper sealing seat (8), and the upper end of the elastic reset member abuts against the piston (2) or the valve stem (6).

2. A two-position four-way directional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the valve sleeve (11) is in contact with the side wall of the valve core (9), and the outer wall of the valve sleeve (11) is in contact with the side wall of the hydraulic chamber (33). The valve sleeve (11) is provided with a first annular groove (41) on both the outer and inner sides of the upper part. The upper part of the valve sleeve (11) is provided with a plurality of first through holes (28) connecting the two first annular grooves (41) to form the first flow channel (39). The valve sleeve (11) is provided with a second annular groove (42) on both the outer and inner sides of the lower part, and the valve sleeve (11) is provided with a plurality of second through holes (29) connecting the two second annular grooves (42) to form the second flow channel (40).

3. A two-position four-way directional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the reset cavity (322) is provided with a vent (31) that communicates with the outside.

4. A two-position four-way directional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic reset component includes an upper spring seat (3), a lower spring seat (7), and a first spring (4). The upper spring seat (3) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the valve stem (6), the lower spring seat (7) is fixedly connected to the upper sealing seat (8), one end of the first spring (4) is fixedly connected to the upper spring seat (3), and the other end of the first spring (4) is fixedly connected to the lower spring seat (7).

5. A two-position four-way directional valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-position four-way directional valve also includes a lower sealing seat (12), which is fixed to the bottom of the hydraulic chamber (33). A connecting hole is provided in the middle of the lower sealing seat (12), and the connecting hole is connected to the liquid outlet (22).

6. A two-position four-way directional valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end of the valve core (9) is provided with a flared part (23) with a diameter larger than that of the lower part of the valve core (9).

7. A two-position four-way directional valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flared part (23) is provided with a first stepped hole (36), the lower end of the valve core (9) is provided with a second stepped hole (37), one end of the through hole (24) is connected to the first stepped hole (36), and the other end of the through hole (24) is connected to the second stepped hole (37).

8. A two-position four-way directional valve according to claim 7, characterized in that, The valve core (9) has a blind hole (38) at its lower part and a mounting hole (25) for mounting the valve stem (6) at the center of its upper part. The mounting hole (25) communicates with the blind hole (38) and the mounting hole (25) is provided with at least two through holes (24) that communicate with the blind hole (38) at circumferential intervals. A locking assembly (10) is provided inside the valve core (9) extending to the top of the blind hole (38).

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