Water surface floating object salvaging device for tail water gate groove of hydropower station unit

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydropower station unit tail water gate groove water surface floating object salvaging device which comprises a rail fixed to a hydraulic structure, a remote control driving device capable of moving in the extending direction of the rail and a salvaging basket hung on a lifting appliance. The remote control driving device is connected with a lifting appliance and can drive the fishing basket to move in the up-down direction and the extending direction of the rail, so that water surface floating objects in the tail water gate groove are fished through the fishing basket. A remote control driving device and a movable fishing basket are adopted, so that the working efficiency of fishing the floating objects on the water surface is improved; and in addition, the fishing device efficiently and cleanly fires water surface floating objects in the tail water gate groove before the tail water gate is ready to fall during unit maintenance, it is guaranteed that the tail water gate of the unit falls in place at a time, the safety risk that personnel dive is avoided, and the maintenance work period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water surface cleaning technology, specifically to a device for salvaging floating debris from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station unit. Background Technology

[0002] The hydroelectric power station's main powerhouse consists of a water intake system, main and auxiliary powerhouses, and a tailrace system. The tailrace system comprises a tailrace tunnel, gate hoists, tailrace gates, and tailrace gate slots. The power station's generating units operate in two phases: operation and maintenance. During operation, the tailrace gates are raised out of the tailrace gate slots, and the water flows from the water intake system through the unit's energy conversion process, passing through the tailrace tunnel and tailrace gate slots before flowing into the downstream river channel. During maintenance, the tailrace gates are lowered into the tailrace gate slots, cutting off the water flow between the unit and the downstream river channel. At this time, maintenance pumps are used to pump out the water accumulated in the tailrace tunnel for maintenance work.

[0003] During unit operation, debris such as foam, plastic, and wooden sticks mixed in the water flow continuously accumulate in the tailrace channel due to buoyancy, forming a thick layer of floating debris on the water surface. When the tailrace gate is lowered for unit maintenance, the tailrace gate will bring some of the floating debris into the bottom of the tailrace channel. This part of the floating debris gets stuck between the tailrace gate and the bottom sill of the tailrace channel, causing the tailrace gate to not close tightly. It is impossible to pump out the water in the tailrace tunnel for maintenance work. Divers have to be sent down to clean the floating debris stuck in the tailrace gate and the bottom sill of the tailrace channel, which increases the safety risks of personnel diving and seriously affects the maintenance work schedule. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a device for retrieving floating debris from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A device for salvaging floating objects on the water surface of the tailrace gate of a hydropower station unit, comprising: Tracks fixed to hydraulic structures; A remote control drive device that can be moved along the extension direction of the track is equipped with a remote controller for controlling its actions, and the remote control drive device is connected to a lifting device. The retrieval basket suspended on the lifting device is driven by a remote control to move along the vertical direction and the extension direction of the track, so as to retrieve floating objects in the tailrace channel.

[0006] Furthermore, the lifting device includes a lifting rope connected to a remote control drive device, a hook connected to the bottom of the lifting rope, and a sling connected to the hook, with the retrieval basket detachably connected to the sling.

[0007] Furthermore, the salvage basket includes a rectangular basket formed by multiple square steel plates with through holes, and a conical frame set at the lower end of the rectangular basket and formed by multiple triangular steel plates with through holes. The multiple square steel plates are sequentially spliced ​​to form a closed circumferential structure, and the tips of the multiple triangular steel plates are set towards the center or edge of the salvage basket, together forming an inclined structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the retrieval basket includes: Framework body; Lifting lugs located at the top of the frame body and used for connecting lifting equipment; A grid with water permeability and floating object bearing function, installed on the side and bottom areas of the frame body; A bottom component that can be rotatably connected to the bottom of the frame body can switch between an open state, a closed state, and an unloaded state. The buoyancy drive mechanism connected to the bottom component is used to drive the bottom component from the open state to the closed state under the action of buoyancy after the salvage basket enters the water, and can keep the bottom component in the open state before the salvage basket enters the water. An elastic limiting member is provided at the bottom of the frame body. The elastic limiting member is used to limit the bottom component after it is switched to the closed state, and the limiting can be released by operation to drive the bottom component to switch to the unloaded state.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom assembly includes a first bottom plate and a second bottom plate that are independent of each other. The first bottom plate and the second bottom plate are rotatably connected to the square tube at the bottom of the frame body by pins.

[0010] Furthermore, the buoyancy drive mechanism includes a female buckle, a male buckle, a float, a gasket, and a pivot pin; The female buckle is fixedly connected to the edge of the first base plate near the second base plate, and the male buckle is fixedly connected to the edge of the second base plate near the first base plate. The float is located between the female buckle and the male buckle. The pin passes through the female buckle, the washer, the float, the washer and the male buckle in sequence, and the female buckle, the male buckle and the float are hinged together as one unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the female buckle has a fastening groove on the side facing the male buckle, and the male buckle has a fastening protrusion on the side facing the female buckle that matches the fastening groove; when the bottom assembly is in the open state, the fastening protrusion of the male buckle is engaged into the fastening groove of the female buckle, thereby achieving the fastening and locking of the female buckle and the male buckle.

[0012] Furthermore, both ends of the pin are fitted with anti-disengagement springs, which engage with the outer peripheral wall of the pin and abut against the outer side wall of the female buckle and the outer side wall of the male buckle, respectively, to prevent the pin from coming out of the female buckle, the circular plastic float and the male buckle.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic limiting component includes a pin housing, a pin head, a spring, and a pull rod; The pin housing is welded to the square tube at the bottom of the frame body, the pin head is slidably located inside the pin housing, the spring is located between the closed end of the pin housing and the pin head, one end of the pull rod is threaded to the pin head, and the other end of the pull rod extends to the outside of the pin housing and is hook-shaped at the end. In its natural state, the spring pushes the pin head out of the pin housing to support the first and second base plates. Pulling the lever will cause the pin head to retract into the pin housing to release the support.

[0014] Furthermore, the portion of the pin head located inside the pin housing has a square structure, and the inner wall shape of the pin housing is adapted to the square portion of the pin head, restricting the pin head from rotating within the pin housing; the lower surface of the portion of the pin head protruding from the pin housing is a slope, and the upper surface is a flat surface.

[0015] Furthermore, the first base plate and the second base plate are connected to the buoyancy drive mechanism through the same pivot pin, and the two are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the frame.

[0016] Furthermore, there are four lifting lugs, which are welded to the four corners of the top of the frame body.

[0017] Furthermore, the grille covers the four sides of the frame body and the load-bearing surface of the bottom component.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The floating debris retrieval device for the tailrace gate slot of a hydropower station provided by the present invention adopts a remote control drive device and a mobile retrieval basket, which improves the efficiency of retrieval of floating debris; and the retrieval device efficiently removes the floating debris in the tailrace gate slot before the tailrace gate is lowered during unit maintenance, ensuring that the tailrace gate is lowered in place in one go, avoiding the safety risks of personnel diving, and saving maintenance time. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the retrieval basket structure in the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the retrieval basket structure in the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the grille structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the buoyancy drive mechanism in this invention; Figure 6 This is a side view of the female buckle of the buoyancy drive mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a side view of the buoyancy drive mechanism in this invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the elastic limiting member in this invention; Figure 9This is a schematic diagram showing the first and second base plates in the open state in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the first and second base plates in a closed state in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second base plates in the unloading state in this invention; Figures 1 to 11 The reference numerals in the attached drawings are respectively: 1-frame body, 2-lifting lug, 3-grid, 4-bottom assembly, 5-elastic limiting component, 40-first bottom plate, 41-second bottom plate, 10-female buckle, 11-male buckle, 12-buoy, 13-shield, 14-shaft pin, 50-pin housing, 51-pin head, 52-spring, 53-pull rod, 20-track, 21-remote control device, 22-retrieval basket, 23-lifting rope, 24-hook, 25-sling, 220-rectangular basket, 221-conical frame. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a device for retrieving floating objects from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station includes a track 20 fixed to a hydraulic structure, a remote control drive device 21 movable along the extension direction of the track 20, and a retrieval basket 22 suspended on the lifting device. The remote control drive device 21 is equipped with a remote controller for controlling its operation, and the remote control drive device 21 is connected to the lifting device. The remote control drive device 21 can drive the retrieval basket 22 to move along the vertical direction and the extension direction of the track 20, so as to retrieve floating objects from the tailrace channel through the retrieval basket 22.

[0022] In this embodiment, the track 20 is fixedly installed on the hydraulic structure of the hydropower station (such as the concrete or steel structure load-bearing components around the tailrace channel), providing a stable horizontal moving track 20 for the remote control drive device 21. The extension direction of the track 20 is adapted to the width direction of the tailrace channel. As the moving carrier of the remote control drive device 21, it limits its horizontal movement path, ensuring that the salvage basket 22 can cover the floating object distribution area in the tailrace channel, realizing a large-scale salvage operation.

[0023] The remote control drive device 21 uses a remote control electric hoist with a built-in drive motor, reduction mechanism and traveling wheels. The traveling wheels are compatible with the track 20 and can roll along the track 20. The remote control is a handheld portable control terminal with six operation buttons on the panel: "open, close, up, down, left and right". The operator can control the remote control electric hoist to move left and right along the track 20 and control the movement of the lifting device at the same time.

[0024] In this embodiment, the lifting device includes a lifting rope 23 connected to the remote control drive device 21, a hook 24 connected to the bottom of the lifting rope 23, and a sling 25 connected to the hook 24. The retrieval basket 22 is detachably connected to the sling 25. In this structure, the lifting rope 23 is a high-strength flexible steel cable, with one end connected to the electric hoist body and the other end connected to the hook 24, used to transmit the lifting power of the electric hoist, and to drive the hook 24 and the retrieval basket 22 to move up and down through extension and retraction. The hook 24 is a high-strength metal hook body, fixedly connected to the end of the wire rope, used to suspend the sling 25, serving as the core connecting component of the lifting device, and realizing indirect suspension with the retrieval basket 22. The sling 25 consists of four high-strength flexible slings 25 (wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material), with hook structures at both ends, used to connect the hook 24 and the retrieval basket 22, distributing the weight of the retrieval basket 22 and the floating object, and avoiding damage caused by excessive force at a single point. The shackle consists of four detachable metal connectors (such as U-shaped shackles) used to achieve a detachable connection between the sling 25 and the lifting lugs of the retrieval basket 22, facilitating the installation, disassembly, and dumping of floating objects from the retrieval basket 22.

[0025] In this embodiment, the retrieval basket 22 has two structures, such as Figure 2 As shown, in one structure, the retrieval basket 22 includes a rectangular basket 220 formed by multiple square steel plates with through holes, and a conical frame 221 set at the lower end of the rectangular basket 220 and formed by multiple triangular steel plates with through holes. The multiple square steel plates are sequentially spliced ​​to form a closed circumferential structure, and the tips of the multiple triangular steel plates are set towards the center or edge of the retrieval basket 22, together forming the inclined structure.

[0026] Single square steel plates are sequentially spliced ​​to form a closed circumferential structure, constituting the four side walls of the salvage basket 22. During the salvage process (especially the lifting phase), this structure prevents floating objects already inside the basket from sliding off the sides, ensuring that the floating objects are stably "held" in place. When the salvage basket 22 sinks below the floating objects on the water surface, river water can quickly flow into the basket through the through-holes, filling the internal space of the basket and counteracting the buoyancy generated by the square steel plates and the overall structure, preventing the basket from failing to sink below the floating object layer due to excessive buoyancy. When the salvage basket 22 rises carrying the floating objects, the river water inside the basket can be quickly discharged through the through-holes, leaving only floating objects with a density less than water. This also reduces the overall weight during the lifting process and lowers the load on the remote control drive device 21. The "closed circumference" formed by splicing multiple square steel plates can prevent small floating objects (such as foam and broken plastic) from leaking out from the side wall gaps due to excessive splicing gaps, thus ensuring the integrity of the retrieval. At the same time, the closed structure enhances the overall rigidity of the rectangular basket 220, which can withstand the impact of water flow and the squeezing force of floating objects, thereby improving the durability of the retrieval basket 22.

[0027] The "pointed tip" design of the triangular steel plate allows the salvage basket 22 to easily pry aside accumulated foam, wooden sticks, and other floating debris when it descends and contacts a thick layer of floating objects, thanks to a "wedge effect" (similar to a knife cutting into an object) and the basket's own weight. This prevents ordinary flat-bottomed structures from sinking due to the "lifting force" of the floating objects. The through holes on the triangular steel plate and the through holes on the square steel plate of the rectangular basket 220 form a "vertical" water-permeable channel, further accelerating the filling speed of river water during descent. This ensures that the entire salvage basket 22 (including the bottom conical frame 221) can quickly overcome buoyancy and sink. At the same time, it also helps to drain water accumulated at the bottom during lifting, preventing residual water in the basket from causing secondary loss of floating objects.

[0028] When the pointed ends face the center and are joined together, they form an inverted cone-shaped bottom. The pointed ends converge at the center of the basket, pushing floating objects outwards during the breaking of layers, creating a sinking channel. This is suitable for scenarios where floating objects are evenly piled up. When the pointed ends face the edges and are joined together, they form a regular cone-shaped or sloping bottom. The pointed ends point outwards from the basket, gathering floating objects towards the center during the breaking of layers, facilitating concentrated collection during subsequent lifting. This is suitable for scenarios where floating objects are scattered.

[0029] like Figures 3 to 11 As shown, in another structure, the salvage basket 22 includes a frame body 1, a lifting lug 2 located on the top of the frame body 1 for connecting to a lifting device, a grid 3 located on the side and bottom of the frame body 1 and having the functions of water permeability and bearing floating objects, a bottom surface assembly 4 rotatably connected to the bottom of the frame body 1, a buoyancy drive mechanism 6 connected to the bottom surface assembly 4, and an elastic limiting member 5 located at the bottom of the frame body 1. The bottom surface assembly 4 can switch between an open state, a closed state, and an unloaded state. The buoyancy drive mechanism 6 is used to drive the bottom surface assembly 4 from the open state to the closed state under the action of buoyancy after the salvage basket 22 enters the water, and can keep the bottom surface assembly 4 in the open state before the salvage basket 22 enters the water. The elastic limiting member 5 is used to limit the bottom surface assembly 4 after it is switched to the closed state, and can be released by operation to drive the bottom surface assembly 4 to switch to the unloaded state.

[0030] The frame body 1 is preferably a cubic structure, welded from Q235 square tubing with dimensions of 50mm × 50mm. The side length is designed to be 1.2-1.5m according to the width of the tailrace channel. The side uprights of the frame body 1 protrude downwards 50-100mm beyond the bottom edge square tubing, forming a protective structure. The frame body 1 serves as the load-bearing skeleton of the entire salvage basket 22, supporting all components and bearing the weight load of floating objects. The protruding uprights protect the elastic limiting components 5 at the bottom, preventing damage from collisions with the ground or channel walls. The square tubing welds are made using a full welding process to ensure welding strength. Triangular reinforcing plates are welded to the inner corners of the frame to improve the overall resistance to deformation.

[0031] The lifting lugs 2 are cut from Q345 steel plates with a thickness of 10-12mm. Each lifting lug 2 has a circular lifting hole with a diameter of 30-35mm, and the edges of the hole are chamfered. There are four lifting lugs 2 in total, which are welded to the four corners of the top of the frame body 1, and the welding length to the frame square tube is not less than 100mm. The lifting lugs 2 are used to connect the wire ropes of lifting equipment (such as cranes and gate hoists) to realize the lifting, moving and lowering of the salvage basket 22; the symmetrical distribution ensures that the salvage basket 22 is balanced and avoids tilting. After the lifting lugs 2 are welded to the frame, they are annealed to eliminate welding stress; wear-resistant steel sleeves can be nested in the lifting holes to extend service life.

[0032] The grating 3 covers the four sides of the frame body 1 and the load-bearing surface of the bottom component 4. The grating 3 is welded from HRB400 threaded steel with a diameter of 8-10mm, forming a square grid with a mesh spacing of 40-50mm. The edges of the grating 3 are fixed to the frame square tubes by spot welding, with the weld spacing not exceeding 100mm. The grating 3 completely covers the four sides of the frame body 1 and the load-bearing surface of the bottom component 4 (the upper surfaces of the first bottom plate 40 and the second bottom plate 41). It has both "permeable" and "load-bearing" functions, allowing water flow when submerged to reduce sinking resistance, and preventing leakage of floating debris during retrieval to ensure effective retrieval. The connection points between the grating 3 and the frame are double-sided welded to enhance connection strength; the threaded steel is welded at intersections to prevent deformation that could increase the mesh spacing.

[0033] In this embodiment, the bottom component 4 includes a first bottom plate 40 and a second bottom plate 41, which are independent of each other. The first bottom plate 40 and the second bottom plate 41 are rotatably connected to the square tube at the bottom of the frame body 1 by pins 14. Both the first bottom plate 40 and the second bottom plate 41 are rectangular grid structures 3 (made of the same material as the side grid 3). The size of a single bottom plate is 1 / 2 of the side length of the frame (e.g., when the side length of the frame is 1.2m, the size of the bottom plate is 1.2m × 0.6m). One side edge of the first bottom plate 40 and the second bottom plate 41 are respectively hinged to the square tube at the bottom of the frame body 1 by 45# steel pins 14 with a diameter of 12-16mm. The two ends of the pins 14 are fixed by snap rings to ensure that the bottom plate can rotate 360° around the pins 14. The connection hole between the pins 14 and the bottom plate adopts a hinged hole process to ensure smooth rotation. The salvage operation is realized by switching between three states: "open-closed-unloaded". The open state facilitates penetration of the floating object layer, the closed state forms a bearing surface to lock the floating object, and the unloaded state allows the floating object to fall automatically. The first base plate 40 and the second base plate 41 are connected to the buoyancy drive mechanism 6 through the same pivot pin 14, and the two are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the frame.

[0034] In this embodiment, the buoyancy drive mechanism 6 includes a female buckle 10, a male buckle 11, a float 12, a washer 13, and a pin 14. The female buckle 10 is fixedly connected to the edge of the first base plate 40 near the second base plate 41, and the male buckle 11 is fixedly connected to the edge of the second base plate 41 near the first base plate 40. The float 12 is located between the female buckle 10 and the male buckle 11. The pin 14 passes through the female buckle 10, the washer 13, the float 12, and the male buckle 11 in sequence, hinged the female buckle 10, the male buckle 11, and the float 12 together. The opening state of the bottom assembly 4 is controlled by the engagement relationship of the female buckle 10 and the male buckle 11. Before entering the water, the bottom plate is kept open by the engagement of the female buckle 10 and the male buckle 11. After entering the water, the float 12 moves upward under the action of buoyancy, driving the female buckle 10 and the male buckle 11 to separate, releasing the bottom plate and closing it. The buoyancy of the float 12 is used to automatically trigger the unlocking, so that the bottom component 4 closes under the action of gravity, realizing the automated action of "locking upon entering the water".

[0035] Preferably, the female buckle 10 has a fastening groove on the side facing the male buckle 11, and the male buckle 11 has a fastening protrusion on the side facing the female buckle 10 that matches the fastening groove; when the bottom assembly 4 is in the open state, the fastening protrusion of the male buckle 11 is engaged in the fastening groove of the female buckle 10, thereby achieving the fastening and locking of the female buckle 10 and the male buckle 11.

[0036] The female buckle 10 and the male buckle 11 are forged from 45# steel. The female buckle 10 is fixed to the edge of the first base plate 40 near the second base plate 41 by bolts (bolt specification M10×30, quantity 3-4). The male buckle 11 is symmetrically fixed to the corresponding edge of the second base plate 41. The female buckle 10 has a 15-20mm deep fastening groove on the side facing the male buckle 11. The male buckle 11 has a matching fastening protrusion at the corresponding position. The float 12 is a circular sealed float 12 made of high-density polyethylene with a diameter of 150-200mm and a height of 200-250mm. The interior is filled with polyurethane foam material (to enhance buoyancy stability). The pin 14 is a 45# steel pin with a diameter of 10-12mm. The female buckle 10, metal washer 13, float 12, metal washer 13 and male buckle 11 are sequentially passed through it and hinged together as one unit. Anti-detachment snap rings (model GB / T894.1) are sleeved at both ends of the pin 14. The snap rings are engaged with the annular groove on the outer circumference of the pin 14 and abut against the outer side walls of the female buckle 10 and male buckle 11 respectively.

[0037] In addition, anti-detachment snap rings are fitted at both ends of the pin 14. The snap rings engage with the outer peripheral wall of the pin 14 and abut against the outer side wall of the female buckle 10 and the outer side wall of the male buckle 11, respectively, to prevent the pin 14 from coming out of the female buckle 10, the circular plastic float 12, and the male buckle 11. The snap rings axially limit the pin 14, preventing it from axially dislodging from the shaft holes of the female buckle 10, the float 12, and the male buckle 11 during the operation of the buoyancy drive mechanism 6. This ensures that the female buckle 10, the male buckle 11, and the float 12 are always hinged together as a whole through the pin 14, ensuring the structural integrity and operational reliability of the buoyancy drive mechanism 6. During the operation of the buoyancy drive mechanism 6 (the female buckle 10 and the male buckle 11 rotate relative to each other, and the float 12 moves up and down), the pin 14 will be subjected to slight axial and radial forces. The anti-disengagement snap ring continuously abuts against the female buckle 10 / male buckle 11, always maintaining the axial constraint on the pin 14, ensuring that even under dynamic force, the pin 14 can still be stably placed in the shaft hole, maintaining the hinge relationship of the female buckle 10, male buckle 11, and float 12, and ensuring the smooth realization of the "lock-unlock" action.

[0038] The working process of the buoyancy drive mechanism 6 is divided into two stages: "locking and holding" and "unlocking and driving". The state switching is achieved through the mechanical linkage between the components and the precise coordination of buoyancy. ① During the locking and holding phase (before water immersion, bottom component 4 is in the open state): The operator manually flips the first base plate 40 and the second base plate 41 upwards to the open state (usually vertical or nearly vertical). At this time, the female buckle 10 (fixed to the first base plate 40) and the male buckle 11 (fixed to the second base plate 41) are aligned. The buckling protrusion of the male buckle 11 is engaged in the buckling groove of the female buckle 10 to form a mechanical lock. The pin 14 hinges the female buckle 10, male buckle 11 and float 12 into one piece. In the locked state, the relative positions of the three are fixed, and the first bottom plate 40 and the second bottom plate 41 cannot rotate on their own under the action of gravity, ensuring that the bottom component 4 remains open during the lowering of the retrieval basket 22, avoiding being blocked by floating objects and successfully penetrating the scum layer.

[0039] ② Unlocking and driving phase (after entering the water, bottom component 4 switches to the closed state): When the salvage basket 22 sinks below the water surface and the float 12 is completely submerged in the water, the float 12 is subjected to an upward buoyancy (the magnitude of the buoyancy is greater than the weight of the float 12 itself). Buoyancy drives the float 12 to move upward. Since the float 12 is hinged to the female buckle 10 and the male buckle 11 through the shaft pin 14, the upward movement of the float 12 is converted into a rotational thrust on the female buckle 10 and the male buckle 11, causing the female buckle 10 and the male buckle 11 to rotate relative to each other around the shaft pin 14. As the rotation angle increases, the engagement protrusion of the male buckle 11 disengages from the engagement groove of the female buckle 10, and the mechanical lock is released; After the lock is released, the first base plate 40 and the second base plate 41 rotate downward around the pivot pin 14 connected to the frame body 1 under their own weight and the pressure of a small amount of floating objects. Finally, they switch from the open state to the horizontal closed state, forming a closed bearing surface with the support of the elastic limit member 5, thus completing the interception of floating objects.

[0040] In this embodiment, the elastic limiting member 5 includes a pin housing 50, a pin head 51, a spring 52, and a pull rod 53. The pin housing 50 is welded to the square tube at the bottom of the frame body 1. The pin head 51 is slidably disposed inside the pin housing 50. The spring 52 is disposed between the closed end of the pin housing 50 and the pin head 51. One end of the pull rod 53 is threadedly connected to the pin head 51. The other end of the pull rod 53 extends to the outside of the pin housing 50 and is hook-shaped. In its natural state, the spring 52 pushes the pin head 51 out of the pin housing 50 to support the first base plate 40 and the second base plate 41. Pulling the pull rod 53 can cause the pin head 51 to retract into the pin housing 50 to release the support.

[0041] The pin housing 50, serving as the mounting carrier and guide structure for the entire elastic limiting component 5, is fixed to the bottom of the frame body 1, providing a stable channel for the sliding of the pin head 51, while protecting the internal spring 52 and the pin head 51 from external impacts. The pin head 51, as the actuating component directly in contact with the bottom surface assembly 4, supports the bottom plate with its upper surface when extended and releases support when retracted, making it a key node for force transmission. The spring 52, the core component providing elastic driving force, pushes the pin head 51 outward through its own preload, ensuring continuous support for the bottom plate. Simultaneously, it can be compressed during the closing process of the bottom plate, providing a buffer for the retraction of the pin head 51. The pull rod 53, as the input component for manual operation, drives the pin head 51 to retract against the elastic force of the spring 52 through a threaded connection, achieving "manual intervention unlocking." Its hook-shaped end facilitates remote pulling by the operator using ropes or tools.

[0042] Preferably, the portion of the pin head 51 located within the pin housing 50 has a square structure. The inner wall shape of the pin housing 50 is adapted to the square portion of the pin head 51, restricting the rotation of the pin head 51 within the pin housing 50. This ensures that the inclined surface of the exposed portion of the pin head 51 always maintains a preset direction (such as towards the path of rotation towards the base plate), preventing the inclined surface from shifting due to the rotation of the pin head 51. This ensures that the base plate can accurately contact the inclined surface and smoothly push the pin head 51 back when closed. The lower surface of the portion of the pin head 51 exposed within the pin housing 50 is an inclined surface, providing a guiding buffer for the closing of the base plate. During the rotation process from opening to closing, the edge of the base plate can smoothly press the pin head 51 through the inclined surface, converting the rotational force of the base plate into the axial retraction force of the pin head 51, avoiding jamming or component damage caused by rigid collisions. The upper plane is a flat surface that provides stable support for the closed base plate. Through the surface contact between the plane and the lower surface of the base plate, the load pressure of the floating objects is dispersed, avoiding local stress concentration caused by insufficient contact area (preventing deformation of the base plate or pin head 51), while ensuring the rigidity of the support (preventing leakage of floating objects due to slight sinking of the base plate).

[0043] The working process of the elastic limiter 5 is based on the force balance mechanism of "spring 52 elastic drive" and "manual external force overcoming", and is divided into two stages: "support locking" and "support release". ① Support and locking stage (bottom component 4 in closed state): Preload in natural state: When spring 52 is in natural state (without external force), it is in a slightly compressed state. Its elastic force continuously pushes the pin head 51 to slide outward along the axial direction of the pin housing 50, so that the upper surface of the pin head 51 extends out of the pin housing 50 and is in a "waiting for support" state.

[0044] Automatic adaptation when the base plate is closed: When the first base plate 40 and the second base plate 41 rotate from the open state to the closed state, the edge of the base plate first contacts the lower surface (sloping surface) of the exposed part of the pin head 51. Through the guiding effect of the sloping surface, the base plate exerts pressure on the pin head 51 inward along the axial direction of the pin housing 50, forcing the pin head 51 to compress the spring 52 and retract into the pin housing 50 (at this time, the spring 52 stores elastic potential energy).

[0045] Locking after full closure: When the base plate rotates to the horizontal closed position, its lower surface aligns with the upper plane (flat portion) of the pin head 51. The axial pressure of the base plate on the pin head 51 disappears, the spring 52 releases its elastic potential energy, and pushes the pin head 51 to extend again. Its flat portion fits tightly against the lower surface of the base plate, forming a rigid support. At this time, the pin head 51 restricts the downward rotation freedom of the base plate through mechanical blocking, realizing the closure and locking of the bottom assembly 4.

[0046] ②Support removal stage (bottom component 4 unloading state) Manual operation trigger: When it is necessary to unload the floating object, the operator applies an inward pulling force along the axial direction of the pin housing 50 by pulling the lever 53 (which can be connected to the hook end of the lever 53 by means of a hook or rope).

[0047] Force transmission and balance breaking: The pull rod 53 drives the pin head 51 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 52 through the threaded connection and slide inward along the axial direction of the pin housing 50, so that the upper surface of the pin head 51 retracts into the inside of the pin housing 50 and completely disengages from the lower surface of the base plate.

[0048] Bottom plate opening and unloading: As pin head 51 retracts, the bottom plate loses support and, under its own weight and the pressure of the floating objects it carries, rotates downward around the shaft pin 14 connected to the frame body 1 to open (unloading state). The floating objects automatically fall to the designated area under the action of gravity.

[0049] Reset preparation: After unloading, release the pull rod 53. The elastic force of the spring 52 pushes the pin head 51 to extend out of the pin housing 50 again, returning to the "waiting for support" state, and preparing for the next base plate closing and locking.

[0050] Finally, the working process of the special salvage basket 22 for salvaging floating objects on the water surface of a hydropower station provided by the present invention is divided into four stages, and the component status of each stage is as follows: 1. Preparation stage (bottom component 4 in the open state) The operator manually flips the first base plate 40 and the second base plate 41 upwards to a vertical position, so that the female buckle 10 and the male buckle 11 of the buoyancy drive mechanism 6 are engaged. The protrusion of the male buckle 11 is inserted into the groove of the female buckle 10, and the bottom assembly 4 remains open.

[0051] The pin head 51 of the elastic limiting member 5 naturally extends out of the pin housing 50 under the action of the spring 52, waiting to contact the bottom component 4.

[0052] The lifting equipment is connected to the salvage basket 22 via the lifting lug 2, and moves it to the top of the floating objects in the tailrace channel.

[0053] 2. Water entry stage (bottom component 4 switches from open to closed) The salvage basket 22 is slowly lowered, and the bottom component 4, which is in the open state, reduces the contact area with the floating objects, allowing the salvage basket 22 to smoothly penetrate the scum layer and sink below the water surface.

[0054] When the float 12 is fully submerged in water, it moves upward under the action of buoyancy, causing the female buckle 10 and the male buckle 11 to rotate relative to each other around the shaft pin 14, and the buckling protrusion disengages from the buckling groove (unlocks).

[0055] Under their own weight, the first base plate 40 and the second base plate 41 rotate downward around the shaft pin 14 connected to the frame. Their edges first contact the inclined surface of the elastic limiting member 5 pin head 51 and squeeze the pin head 51, causing the pin head 51 to compress the spring 52 and retract into the pin shell 50.

[0056] 3. Salvage stage (bottom component 4 in closed state) When the first base plate 40 and the second base plate 41 are rotated to the horizontal position (fully closed), the pin head 51 is reset and extended under the elastic force of the spring 52, and its flat part is attached to the lower surface of the base plate to form a rigid support and lock the bottom surface assembly 4.

[0057] At this time, the side grille 3 and the closed bottom component 4 form a closed space, and the floating objects are trapped in the salvage basket 22; the lifting equipment lifts the salvage basket 22, and the grille 3 discharges the water, leaving only the floating objects.

[0058] 4. Unloading Phase (Bottom Component 4 switches from closed to unloading) Move the retrieval basket 22 to the designated unloading area (such as above a garbage truck or dumping site), and the operator pulls the lever 53 of the elastic limiter 5, which causes the pin head 51 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 52 and retract into the pin shell 50, thus releasing the support of the bottom plate.

[0059] Under the influence of their own weight and the pressure of the floating object, the first base plate 40 and the second base plate 41 rotate downward around the pivot pin 14 to open the unloading state, and the floating object automatically falls to the designated area.

[0060] After unloading, manually flip the bottom plate to re-engage the female buckle 10 and male buckle 11, in preparation for the next salvage operation.

[0061] Additionally, it should be noted that components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for retrieving floating debris from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station unit, characterized in that, include: Tracks fixed to hydraulic structures (20); A remote control drive device (21) is movable along the extension direction of the track (20), the remote control drive device (21) is equipped with a remote controller for controlling its operation, and the remote control drive device (21) is connected to a lifting device; The salvage basket (22) suspended on the lifting device is driven by the remote control drive device (21) to move along the vertical direction and the extension direction of the track (20) so as to salvage the floating objects in the tailrace channel through the salvage basket (22).

2. The device for retrieving floating debris from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting device includes a lifting rope (23) connected to a remote control drive device (21), a hook (24) connected to the bottom of the lifting rope (23), and a sling (25) connected to the hook (24). The retrieval basket (22) is detachably connected to the sling (25).

3. The device for retrieving floating debris from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The salvage basket (22) includes a rectangular basket (220) formed by multiple square steel plates with through holes and a conical frame (221) set at the lower end of the rectangular basket (220) and spliced ​​together by multiple triangular steel plates with through holes. The multiple square steel plates are spliced ​​together in sequence to form a closed circumferential structure. The tips of the multiple triangular steel plates are set towards the center or edge of the salvage basket (22) to form the inclined structure.

4. The device for retrieving floating debris from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The retrieval basket (22) includes: Framework body (1); Shackles (2) are provided on the top of the frame body (1) and used to connect the lifting equipment. A grid (3) with water permeability and floating object bearing function is provided on the side and bottom areas of the frame body (1); A bottom surface assembly (4) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the frame body (1), and the bottom surface assembly (4) can switch between an open state, a closed state and an unloaded state; The buoyancy drive mechanism (6) connected to the bottom surface assembly (4) is used to drive the bottom surface assembly (4) from the open state to the closed state by buoyancy after the salvage basket (22) enters the water, and can keep the bottom surface assembly (4) in the open state before the salvage basket (22) enters the water. An elastic limiting member (5) is provided at the bottom of the frame body (1). The elastic limiting member (5) is used to limit the bottom surface component (4) after it is switched to the closed state, and the limiting can be released by operation to drive the bottom surface component (4) to switch to the unloading state.

5. The device for retrieving floating debris from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom component (4) includes a first bottom plate (40) and a second bottom plate (41) that are independent of each other. The first bottom plate (40) and the second bottom plate (41) are rotatably connected to the square tube at the bottom of the frame body (1) through a pivot pin (14).

6. The device for retrieving floating debris from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The buoyancy drive mechanism (6) includes a female buckle (10), a male buckle (11), a float (12), a gasket (13), and a pivot pin (14). The female buckle (10) is fixedly connected to the edge of the first base plate (40) near the second base plate (41), and the male buckle (11) is fixedly connected to the edge of the second base plate (41) near the first base plate (40). The float (12) is located between the female buckle (10) and the male buckle (11). The pin (14) passes through the female buckle (10), the washer (13), the float (12), the washer (13) and the male buckle (11) in sequence, and the female buckle (10), the male buckle (11) and the float (12) are hinged together.

7. The device for retrieving floating debris from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The female buckle (10) has a fastening groove on the side facing the male buckle (11), and the male buckle (11) has a fastening protrusion on the side facing the female buckle (10) that matches the fastening groove. When the bottom assembly (4) is in the open state, the fastening protrusion of the male buckle (11) is inserted into the fastening groove of the female buckle (10), thereby achieving the fastening and locking of the female buckle (10) and the male buckle (11).

8. The device for retrieving floating debris from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both ends of the pin (14) are fitted with anti-detachment snap rings. The anti-detachment snap rings are engaged with the outer peripheral wall of the pin (14) and abut against the outer side wall of the female buckle (10) and the outer side wall of the male buckle (11) respectively, in order to prevent the pin (14) from coming out of the female buckle (10), the circular plastic float (12) and the male buckle (11).

9. The device for retrieving floating debris from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic limiting member (5) includes a pin housing (50), a pin head (51), a spring (52), and a pull rod (53); The pin housing (50) is welded to the square tube at the bottom of the frame body (1), the pin head (51) is slidably disposed inside the pin housing (50), the spring (52) is disposed between the closed end of the pin housing (50) and the pin head (51), one end of the pull rod (53) is threadedly connected to the pin head (51), and the other end of the pull rod (53) extends to the outside of the pin housing (50) and the end is hook-shaped; In its natural state, the spring (52) pushes the pin head (51) out of the pin shell (50) to support the first base plate (40) and the second base plate (41). Pulling the lever (53) can cause the pin head (51) to retract into the pin shell (50) to release the support.

10. The device for retrieving floating debris from the tailrace channel of a hydropower station unit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The portion of the pin head (51) located inside the pin housing (50) has a square structure. The inner wall shape of the pin housing (50) is adapted to the square portion of the pin head (51), restricting the pin head (51) from rotating inside the pin housing (50). The lower plane of the portion of the pin head (51) protruding from the pin housing (50) is an inclined plane, and the upper plane is a flat plane.

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