Guider for imbedding of medial malleolus fracture screw and kirschner wire

Abstract

The invention provides a guider for imbedding of a medial malleolus fracture screw and a kirschner wire, which comprises a guide sleeve and a positioning hook, and the positioning hook is a limiting component used for being clamped at the position of a corresponding bone; guide sleeves are arranged on the outer sides of the positioning hooks, guide needles needing to be fixed through screws penetrate through the guide sleeves, the positioning hooks are designed into two sets of separated arc-shaped claw hooks, and the guide sleeves are arranged in the middles of the two sets of claw hooks respectively. The two sets of separated arc-shaped claw hooks are designed to be matched with the irregular shape of the anterior malleolus medialis, stable clamping connection is provided, the positioning precision and operability in the operation are improved, the guide sleeve is designed to incline outwards, the positioning hook is customized through 3D printing, the individual anatomical difference is matched, it is ensured that the guide needle is accurately placed according to the preset angle, and the positioning accuracy is improved. The fixing mode that two needles are arranged in parallel or in an inverted triangle mode is achieved, the mechanical stability of fracture fixation is enhanced, and the double-screw fixing advantage confirmed by clinical research is met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a guide for internal malleolus fracture screw and kirschner wire implantation. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the existing internal malleolus fracture fixation surgery, it is difficult to achieve precise implantation of screws or kirschner wires due to irregular shape of the ankle skeleton and concentrated stress, especially in the internal malleolus anterior hill (Safe Zone) area.

[0003] 1. The traditional method relies on the experience of the operator and intraoperative fluoroscopy, lacks standardized guiding tools, and leads to deviation in implantation position and angle, affecting the stability of fixation; 2. The mechanical properties of single screw fixation are insufficient, which can easily lead to fixation failure, and although double screw fixation is better than single screw fixation, it lacks special tools to achieve precise double needle implantation at a specific angle or parallel to the specific angle; 3. The individual bone anatomy varies greatly, and existing devices are difficult to adapt to the anterior hill morphology of different patients, resulting in poor universality and low surgical efficiency. Therefore, a guide for internal malleolus fracture screw and kirschner wire implantation is proposed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] (I) Technical problems solved In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a guide for internal malleolus fracture screw and kirschner wire implantation to solve the technical problem of difficulty in achieving precise implantation of screws or kirschner wires.

[0005] (ii) Technical solutions To achieve the above purpose, the present application is realized by the following technical solutions: A guide for internal malleolus fracture screw and kirschner wire implantation, comprising a guide sleeve and a positioning hook, The positioning hook is a limiting component for clamping on the corresponding bone position; The positioning hook is provided with a guide sleeve on the outside, and the guide needle needs to be fixed in the guide sleeve.

[0006] The connecting frame is provided on the upper end of the positioning hook, the tail of the connecting frame is provided with a handle, and the handle is provided with an anti-skid prism structure on the outside, which is convenient for holding during surgical operation and improves the stability of operation.

[0007] Preferably, the positioning hook is designed as two groups of separated arc-shaped grab hooks, which can better match the shape of the anterior hill, and the two groups of grab hooks are respectively provided with guide sleeves, and the two groups of guide sleeves are designed as outwardly inclined structure of inverted V shape, and the inclination angle is between 5-15°.

[0008] Preferably, the corresponding shape design can be matched according to the shape of the patient's anterior tubercle site, and in addition, the positioning hook adopts a 3D printed structure design, and the outward inclination angle of the two sets of guide sleeves is also adjusted correspondingly, which can better adapt to individuals and improve the stability of fixation.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning hook and the connecting frame are connected by threads, which can be disassembled and installed, and a set of positioning hooks can match multiple sets of connecting frames for installation, which better matches the use requirements of positioning hooks of different shapes and sizes, and reduces the cost of equipment.

[0010] Preferably, the guide needle can be a Kirschner wire, which is a slender metal needle used for fracture or joint fixation, mainly through penetrating the bone or inserting the bone marrow cavity to achieve temporary or auxiliary fixation, and its fixation mode is divided into percutaneous puncture fixation and open reduction fixation, which is often combined with plaster, external fixation frame and the like to enhance stability. In this application, the Kirschner wire is used as a preliminary positioning.

[0011] (Three) beneficial effects 1. The two sets of separated arc-shaped hooks (positioning hooks) are designed to match the irregular shape of the medial malleolus anterior tubercle, provide stable clamping, and improve the positioning accuracy and operability during operation.

[0012] 2. The guide sleeve adopts an outward inclination (5-15° adjustable) design, combined with 3D printed customized positioning hook, to adapt to individual anatomical differences and ensure that the guide needle (Kirschner wire or screw) is accurately placed at the preset angle.

[0013] 3. The double-needle parallel or "inverted triangle" arrangement fixation mode is realized, which enhances the mechanical stability of fracture fixation and conforms to the double-screw fixation advantage confirmed by clinical research.

[0014] 4. Modular design (positioning hook and connecting frame can be disassembled and connected), a set of guides can be matched with multiple sizes of positioning hooks, which reduces the cost of equipment and improves the applicability.

[0015] 5. The standardized guide reduces the dependence on the experience of the operator, shortens the operation time, improves the operation repeatability and safety, and is especially suitable for the fixation requirements of the medial malleolus Zone 1 area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application and can be implemented according to the content of the specification, the following will be described in detail with the preferred embodiments of the present application and with the help of the drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 The structure of the present application is a guide for screw and Kirschner wire placement for medial malleolus fracture Figure One ; Figure 2The structure of a guide for screw and kirschner wire implantation of medial malleolus fracture Figure Two ; Figure 3 The structure of a guide for screw and kirschner wire implantation of medial malleolus fracture Figure Three ; Figure 4 The structure of a guide for screw and kirschner wire implantation of medial malleolus fracture Figure Four .

[0018] Legend: 1, positioning hook; 2, guide sleeve; 3, guide needle; 4, connecting frame; 5, handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The embodiment of the present application provides a guide for screw and kirschner wire implantation of medial malleolus fracture, solves the problem that accurate implantation of a screw or a kirschner wire is difficult to realize in the prior art, the guide sleeve adopts an outwardly inclined design, the 3D printing customized positioning hook is combined, individual anatomical differences are adapted, and the guide needle is accurately implanted at a preset angle.

[0020] Embodiment 1 The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is used for solving the problem that accurate implantation of a screw or a kirschner wire is difficult to realize, and the general idea is as follows: In view of the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a guide for screw and kirschner wire implantation of medial malleolus fracture, which comprises a guide sleeve 2 and a positioning hook 1, The positioning hook 1 is a limiting component used for clamping at a corresponding bone position; The positioning hook 1 is provided with a guide sleeve 2 on the outer side, and the guide needle 3 needing to be fixed with a screw is penetrated in the guide sleeve 2.

[0021] The connecting frame 4 is arranged at the upper end of the positioning hook 1, the handle 5 is arranged at the tail of the connecting frame 4, the handle 5 is provided with an anti-skid prism structure on the outer side, so that the handle 5 is convenient to hold during operation, and the stability of operation is improved.

[0022] Embodiment 2 Based on the embodiment 1, the embodiment of the present application is used for developing a guide for screw and kirschner wire implantation of medial malleolus fracture, and the general idea is as follows: In particular, the guide is crucial when the medial malleolus fracture is operated, because the shape of the foot bone is irregular, and stress is concentrated, higher requirements are put forward for screw implantation of the fracture of the ankle, The positioning hook 1 is designed with two separate sets of arc-shaped gripping hooks, which can better match the shape of the front mound. The middle part of each set of gripping hooks is provided with a guide sleeve 2, and the two sets of guide sleeves 2 have an outward inverted V-shaped inclined structure with an inclination angle between 5-15°. The shape can be matched to the shape of the patient's anterior hillock. In addition, the positioning hook 1 adopts a 3D printed structure design, and the outward tilt angle of the two sets of guide sleeves 2 is also adjusted accordingly, which can better adapt to the individual and improve the stability of fixation.

[0023] The positioning hook 1 and the connecting frame 4 are connected by threads, which can be detached and installed. One set of positioning hook 1 can be matched with multiple sets of connecting frames 4 for installation, which can better match the usage requirements of positioning hook 1 with different shapes and sizes and reduce equipment costs.

[0024] The guide pin 3 can be a Kirschner wire, a slender metal needle used for fracture or joint fixation. It primarily achieves temporary or auxiliary fixation by penetrating bone or inserting into the medullary cavity. Fixation methods include percutaneous fixation and open reduction fixation, often combined with plaster casts or external fixators to enhance stability. In this application, the Kirschner wire is used for initial positioning.

[0025] According to autopsy studies (DOI:10.2106 / JBJS.F.00689), the Kirschner wires inserted in Zone 1 under fluoroscopic guidance were aligned and parallel to each other. Under intraoperative anteroposterior fluoroscopy, the wires were almost overlapping, while under lateral fluoroscopy, they were arranged in an "inverted triangle" pattern.

[0026] This arrangement may have a positive impact on fracture fixation stability. In addition, multiple studies have clearly demonstrated that double screw fixation is superior to single screw fixation (see DOI:10.1302 / 0301-620X.101B5.BJJ-2019-0070, DOI:10.1016 / j.injury.2021.08.003).

[0027] Based on the above theories and clinical needs, we plan to apply for an invention patent and develop a standardized, repeatable positioning "medial malleolus Safe Zone dual-nail guide" to assist surgeons in quickly, safely, and stably fixing medial malleolus bone blocks with screws or Kirschner wires during surgery.

[0028] Technical process: 1. Preoperative planning and instrument preparation: Based on the anatomical characteristics of the patient's anterior medial malleolus, select or customize positioning hook components that match its bone morphology through 3D printing, and assemble the connecting frame and handle; 2. Intraoperative positioning and installation: The surgeon holds the non-slip grip and secures the paired arc-shaped hooks of the positioning hook to the target bone surface of the medial malleolus, thus achieving initial fixation of the instrument in the surgical field; 3. Guiding adjustment and confirmation: By inserting the guide needle through two sets of guide sleeves tilted outward by 5–15°, it can be verified under fluoroscopy whether the needle entry point and angle meet the requirements of parallel or inverted triangle arrangement within the "Safe Zone"; 4. Insertion of internal fixation devices: Drill holes along the guide pin and insert screws or retain Kirschner wires to achieve double-nail fixation of the fracture fragments and enhance stability; 5. Instrument disassembly and termination: After securing the instrument, detach the positioning hook from the connecting frame to terminate the operation.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A guide for inserting fracture screws and Kirschner wires, characterized in that, include: Guide sleeve (2) and positioning hook (1). The positioning hook (1) is a limiting component used to engage with the corresponding bone position; The positioning hook (1) is provided with a guide sleeve (2) on the outside, and a guide pin (3) that needs to be fixed by screws passes through the guide sleeve (2).

2. A guide for inserting screws and Kirschner wires in medial malleolar fractures, characterized in that, Includes guide sleeve (2) and positioning hook (1). The positioning hook (1) is a limiting component used to engage with the corresponding bone position; The positioning hook (1) is provided with a guide sleeve (2) on the outside. A guide pin (3) that needs to be fixed by screws passes through the guide sleeve (2). The positioning hook (1) is designed with two separate arc-shaped gripping hooks. The guide sleeve (2) is provided in the middle of each of the two gripping hooks.

3. A guide for inserting screws and Kirschner wires in medial malleolar fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two of the guide sleeves (2) have an outward-facing inverted V-shaped structure with an inclination angle between 5 and 15°.

4. A guide for inserting screws and Kirschner wires in medial malleolar fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning hook (1) is provided with a connecting frame (4) at its upper end, and a handle (5) is provided at the tail of the connecting frame (4). The handle (5) has an anti-slip prism structure on its outer side.

5. A guide for inserting screws and Kirschner wires in medial malleolar fractures according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning hook (1) and the connecting frame (4) are connected by threads. One set of positioning hooks (1) can be matched with multiple sets of connecting frames (4) for installation.

6. A guide for inserting screws and Kirschner wires in medial malleolar fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that, In addition, the positioning hook (1) adopts a 3D printed structural design, and the outward tilt angle of the two sets of guide sleeves (2) is also adjusted accordingly.

7. A guide for inserting screws and Kirschner wires in medial malleolar fractures according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The guide needle (3) can be a Kirschner wire, which is a thin metal needle used for fracture or joint fixation. It mainly achieves temporary or auxiliary fixation by penetrating the bone or inserting into the medullary cavity. Its fixation methods are divided into percutaneous puncture fixation and open reduction fixation.

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