Multi-channel synchronous sampling method and monitoring system for power transmission line

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-channel synchronous sampling method and monitoring system for a power transmission line, and belongs to the technical field of power line state monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a high-precision time reference signal through a satellite time service module; calibrating a local clock of an ADC sampling circuit by using the high-precision time reference signal to realize synchronization of an ADC sampling clock and satellite time; based on the synchronized ADC sampling clock, multi-channel current signals of the power transmission line are synchronously sampled through the ADC sampling technology and the DMA technology, and the current signals comprise traveling wave transient current and power frequency steady-state current. According to the method, the clocks of the sampling channels are synchronized through high-precision satellite time service, the problem of sampling phase deviation caused by clock out-of-step is fundamentally solved, the synchronization precision of the multi-split power transmission line is remarkably improved, and a technical guarantee is provided for accurate fault positioning and diagnosis.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power line state monitoring, and more particularly to a power transmission line multi-channel synchronous sampling method and a monitoring system. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, with the in-depth promotion of the global energy internet strategy, the power system is undergoing dual changes of scale expansion and intelligent upgrading. As the core carrier of high-voltage transmission network, multi-bundle conductor has become the standard configuration of ultra / extra-high voltage transmission engineering due to its high load flow and low corona loss.

[0003] At present, the current sampling of multi-bundle conductor mainly relies on parallel ADC sampling technology. However, the multi-node distributed monitoring characteristics of this type of line pose a severe challenge to state perception technology. The existing monitoring system has significant technical bottlenecks in the multi-channel signal synchronous acquisition link, especially in the time-space matching of current parameters. The phase deviation caused by the out-of-step of the sampling clock can significantly weaken the accuracy of dynamic load evaluation and hotspot prediction. In the transient process of lightning overvoltage, short-circuit fault, etc., the synchronous acquisition accuracy of power frequency steady-state parameters and transient traveling wave signals is directly related to the reliability of insulation margin evaluation and fault location.

[0004] Therefore, how to realize high-precision synchronous sampling and monitoring of multi-channel transient and steady-state signals and long-term reliable operation is a technical problem to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a power transmission line multi-channel synchronous sampling method and a monitoring system to improve the precision of multi-channel current and temperature signal synchronous sampling on multi-bundle power transmission lines and the accuracy of state monitoring, especially to improve the synchronicity of transient process recording and provide reliable data basis for advanced fault diagnosis and state evaluation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a power transmission line multi-channel synchronous sampling method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] A high-precision time reference signal is obtained by using a satellite time service module;

[0009] The local clock of the ADC sampling circuit is calibrated by using the high-precision time reference signal to realize the synchronization of the ADC sampling clock and the satellite time;

[0010] Based on the synchronized ADC sampling clock, the multi-channel current signals of the power transmission line are synchronously sampled by using the ADC sampling technology and the DMA technology, and the current signals include traveling wave transient current and power frequency steady-state current.

[0011] In one embodiment, the satellite timing module is a GPS / Beidou dual-mode timing module.

[0012] In one embodiment, the high-precision time reference signal is obtained by using the satellite timing module, specifically including:

[0013] The MCU sends an instruction to the satellite timing module;

[0014] The MCU receives data returned by the satellite timing module and extracts time information therefrom;

[0015] The timing information is stored and updated.

[0016] In one embodiment, the multi-channel current signal is synchronously sampled, specifically including:

[0017] The sampling frequency is set by a timer;

[0018] The validity of the satellite timing data is judged and timing information is obtained;

[0019] The timer overflow triggers ADC sampling, and the sampling data is directly transmitted to the RAM buffer area by DMA;

[0020] When the buffer area reaches a preset state, an interrupt is triggered and a sampling flag bit is set;

[0021] After sampling is completed, the current timestamp is obtained and the sampling data is packaged and marked.

[0022] In one embodiment, the preset state is a half-full state or a full-full state;

[0023] For traveling wave transient current sampling, the buffer area reaches a half-full or full-full state to trigger an interrupt; for power frequency steady-state current sampling, the buffer area reaches a full-full state to trigger an interrupt.

[0024] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a power transmission line multi-channel synchronous monitoring system, which applies the power transmission line multi-channel synchronous sampling method according to any one of the first aspect, and includes:

[0025] A multi-split spacer rod is fixedly installed on a multi-split power transmission line;

[0026] At least two sensing power taps are fixedly installed on the multi-split spacer rod, and the sensing power tap is integrated with a current sampling module, a temperature sampling module and an electromagnetic coupling power module, and is used for sampling current and temperature data of a sub-conductor and supplying power for the system;

[0027] A central controller is fixed on the multi-split spacer and connected with each of the sensing power clips, used for processing and analyzing data, and realizing current and temperature monitoring.

[0028] In one embodiment, the central controller comprises:

[0029] A satellite time module for obtaining a high-precision time reference signal;

[0030] A 5G communication module for data communication with a cloud platform;

[0031] A power circuit for managing power provided by the electromagnetic coupling power module of the sensing power clip;

[0032] An MCU connected with the satellite time module, the 5G communication module, the power circuit and the sampling module of each sensing power clip, respectively, for controlling sampling timing, processing sampling data and controlling data upload.

[0033] In one embodiment, the current sampling module comprises an ADC unit for collecting traveling wave transient current and an ADC unit for collecting power frequency steady-state current and other monitoring parameters.

[0034] In one embodiment, the MCU is configured to:

[0035] Initialize system timers, serial ports and ADC parameters;

[0036] Control the satellite time module to time and calibrate system time;

[0037] Control the ADC to synchronously sample multi-channel current signals at a set frequency and transmit data through DMA;

[0038] Determine whether the traveling wave transient data meets threshold conditions, and if so, package the data, mark a timestamp, and upload to the cloud platform through the 5G communication module;

[0039] Periodically collect power frequency steady-state current and temperature data, mark a timestamp, and upload to the cloud platform through the 5G communication module.

[0040] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the power transmission line multi-channel synchronous sampling method steps of any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0041] According to the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present application has the following technical advantages:

[0042] 1. The method fundamentally solves the sampling phase deviation problem caused by clock out-of-step by synchronizing the clock of each sampling channel through high-precision satellite timing, significantly improves the synchronization accuracy of the multi-split transmission line, especially the synchronization accuracy of the transient traveling wave signal, and provides technical support for accurate fault location and diagnosis.

[0043] In addition, the DMA technology is used to transmit the sampling data, which greatly reduces the burden of the MCU and improves the sampling efficiency and real-time performance of the system.

[0044] 2. The system adopts integrated design, integrates sensing, power taking, control and communication function modules on the traditional spacer structure, can directly replace the existing ordinary spacer on the line, and does not need additional complex installation structure and wiring, providing a convenient and efficient integrated intelligent monitoring solution for the transmission line.

[0045] In addition, the system adopts wireless power taking mode, solves the long-term power supply problem of the online monitoring device, and realizes self-sufficiency and long-term stable operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 is the GPS / Beidou timing flowchart provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 2 is the structure block diagram of the multi-channel synchronous monitoring system of the transmission line provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 3 is the working flowchart of the multi-channel synchronous monitoring system of the transmission line provided by the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] Multi-segment transmission lines are widely used in high-voltage power transmission due to their large transmission capacity and superior electromagnetic environment. However, due to the complex line structure and numerous monitoring points, traditional monitoring systems suffer from significant errors in synchronous sampling of multi-channel signals. To address this technical problem, this invention proposes a multi-channel synchronous sampling method and monitoring system for transmission lines.

[0052] Example 1:

[0053] This invention discloses a multi-channel synchronous sampling method for transmission lines, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step 1. Obtain a high-precision time reference signal using a satellite timing module; this satellite timing module is a GPS / BeiDou dual-mode timing module. Specifically: the MCU sends instructions to the satellite timing module; the MCU receives the data returned by the satellite timing module and extracts the time information from it; the timing information is stored and updated.

[0055] Step 2. Use the high-precision time reference signal to calibrate the local clock of the ADC sampling circuit to achieve synchronization between the ADC sampling clock and the satellite time;

[0056] Step 3. Based on the synchronized ADC sampling clock, the multi-channel current signals of the transmission line are synchronously sampled using ADC sampling technology and DMA technology. The current signals include traveling wave transient current and power frequency steady-state current.

[0057] The following example uses a four-split transmission line, combined with... Figure 1 The invention will be described in further detail.

[0058] The application process of the multi-channel synchronous sampling method for four-split transmission lines involves the following steps:

[0059] (1) Obtaining high-precision time reference signals using GPS / BeiDou dual-mode time synchronization; wherein, the principle of GPS / BeiDou dual-mode time synchronization includes:

[0060] Let t s t is the time when the satellite transmits the signal. r Let be the time it takes for the receiver to receive the signal, then the signal propagation time is:

[0061] Δt=t s -t r

[0062] Considering the speed of light, the distance from the receiver to the satellite can be expressed as:

[0063] s=cΔt

[0064] In the formula, c represents the speed of electromagnetic wave propagation.

[0065] Assume that n satellites are used for positioning and timing, n≥4, and let the receiver's position coordinates be (x... p ,y p ,z p ), with the time coordinate being t p Therefore, the following system of equations can be established to solve for the receiver's position and time coordinates:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, i = 1, 2, ..., n, (x i ,y i ,z i ) represents the position of the i-th satellite, and t represents the position of the i-th satellite. i It is the arrival time of the i-th satellite signal recorded by the receiver.

[0068] (2) Figure 1 As shown, the local clock of the ADC sampling circuit is calibrated using GPS / BeiDou dual-mode timing to achieve synchronization between the ADC sampling clock and satellite time; the calibration process includes:

[0069] The first step is for the MCU to send commands to the GPS / BeiDou module at regular intervals, such as every 500ms.

[0070] The second step involves sending the data three times. The MCU then receives the data from the GPS / BeiDou module and extracts the latitude and longitude, year, month, day, and flag.

[0071] The third step is to store the data and update the calibration and timing information.

[0072] (3) The traveling wave transient current and the power frequency steady-state current are sampled using ADC sampling technology and DMA technology; wherein, the current sampling process includes:

[0073] The first step is to set the sampling frequency using a timer;

[0074] The second step is to determine the validity of the GPS / BeiDou data and obtain timing information.

[0075] The third step is to trigger a sampling every time the timer overflows, and the data is directly transferred to the RAM buffer.

[0076] Fourth, when the buffer reaches a half-full or full state, an interrupt is triggered to enter the callback function, and the sampling flag is set to 1;

[0077] Furthermore, during the sampling process of the traveling wave transient current, when the buffer reaches a half-full or full state, an interrupt is triggered and the callback function is entered; during the sampling process of the power frequency steady-state current, when the buffer reaches a full state, an interrupt is triggered and the callback function is entered.

[0078] Fifth step: After sampling is completed, obtain the current timestamp and package and mark it.

[0079] In this embodiment of the invention, a high-precision time reference is obtained using GPS / BeiDou dual-mode time synchronization to calibrate the local clock of the ADC sampling circuit, achieving synchronization between the ADC sampling clock and satellite time. Traveling wave transient current and power frequency steady-state current are sampled using ADC sampling technology and DMA technology. Multi-channel data synchronous acquisition effectively improves the synchronous sampling accuracy of multi-split transmission lines, aiding in fault location and diagnosis.

[0080] Example 2:

[0081] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a multi-channel synchronous monitoring system for transmission lines, which applies the multi-channel synchronous sampling method for transmission lines as described in Example 1, including:

[0082] 1) Multi-splitter spacer bar, which serves as a hardware fixture fixed on the multi-splitter transmission line, supports the central controller and the sensor energy harvesting clamp.

[0083] 2) At least two sensor energy harvesting clamps are fixed on the multi-splitter spacer bar. The sensor energy harvesting clamp integrates a current sampling module, a temperature sampling module and an electromagnetic coupling energy harvesting module, which are used to sample the current and temperature data of the sub-conductor, realize wireless energy harvesting using the mutual inductance principle and power the system. The current sampling module includes an ADC unit for collecting traveling wave transient current and an ADC unit for collecting power frequency steady-state current and other monitoring parameters.

[0084] 3) The central controller is fixed on the multi-splitter spacer bar and connected to each sensor energy harvesting clamp. It is used to process and analyze data and monitor current and temperature.

[0085] Specifically, the central controller adopts a modular design, including:

[0086] (1) Satellite timing module, used to acquire a high-precision and reliable time reference signal as the basis for current sampling;

[0087] (2) 5G communication module, used for data communication with the cloud platform; uploads data such as current and temperature to the cloud platform;

[0088] (3) Power supply circuit, used to manage the electrical energy provided by the electromagnetic coupling energy harvesting module of the sensor energy harvesting clamp; that is, to use the inductive power harvesting of the sensor energy harvesting clamp to charge the battery and realize wireless power harvesting of the system.

[0089] (4) MCU, which is connected to the satellite timing module, 5G communication module, power supply circuit and sampling module of each sensor power clamp, respectively, to control sampling timing, process sampling data and control data upload.

[0090] Configured as:

[0091] 4.1) Initialize system timers, serial port, and ADC parameters;

[0092] 4.2) Control the satellite time synchronization module to perform time synchronization and calibrate the system time;

[0093] 4.3) Control the ADC to synchronously sample multi-channel current signals at a set frequency and transfer data via DMA;

[0094] 4.4) Determine whether the traveling wave transient data meets the threshold condition. If it does, package the data, mark it with a timestamp, and upload it to the cloud platform through the 5G communication module.

[0095] 4.5) Periodically collect power frequency steady-state current and temperature data, mark them with timestamps, and upload them to the cloud platform through the 5G communication module.

[0096] The following example uses a four-split transmission line, combined with... Figure 2 The invention will be described in further detail.

[0097] This multi-channel synchronous monitoring system for transmission lines, relying on a four-split spacer bar, integrates a central controller and four sensor energy harvesting clamps to achieve synchronous acquisition, processing, and uploading of multi-channel data. For example... Figure 3 As shown, its application process specifically involves the following steps:

[0098] Step 1. Initialize and configure the system timers, serial ports, etc., then enable the GPS / BeiDou and 5G modules to complete the initialization settings. After the system powers on, the MCU first initializes the system timers, serial ports, ADCs, and other peripherals.

[0099] Step 2. The MCU calibrates the system time by reading the time from the GPS / BeiDou module, and simultaneously acquires multi-channel traveling wave transient currents using parallel ADC sampling and DMA transfer technologies; wherein, the ADC sampling includes:

[0100] The first step is to initialize the parameters of the ADC. ADC1-4 are used to acquire transient current, and ADC5 is used to acquire parameters such as steady-state current signal output by the sensor, internal chip voltage, internal chip temperature, and voltage across the battery terminals.

[0101] The second step involves controlling the sampling frequency using a timer. Once the timer is started, it triggers a sampling event each time it overflows.

[0102] Step 3. If the traveling wave transient data meets the traveling wave judgment threshold condition, store the data in a buffer, package and mark it with a timestamp, and upload it to the cloud platform via the 5G module according to the TCP protocol; wherein, the upload to the cloud platform via the 5G module according to the TCP protocol includes:

[0103] The first step is to initialize and configure the 5G module. The MCU communicates with the 5G module via a serial port.

[0104] The second step is for the MCU to send AT commands to the 5G module to establish a connection with the server;

[0105] The third step is for the MCU to receive control commands or send monitoring data via the 5G module.

[0106] Step 4. The MCU collects the steady-state current and temperature data at the power frequency according to the set period, marks the timestamp, and then synchronously uploads it to the cloud platform.

[0107] This system adopts an integrated design, integrating sensing, energy harvesting, control, and communication functional modules into a traditional spacer structure. It can directly replace ordinary spacers on existing lines without the need for additional complex installation structures and wiring, providing a convenient and efficient integrated intelligent monitoring solution for power transmission lines.

[0108] The application process of this system is combined Figure 1 and Figure 3 The process shown includes the following:

[0109] 1. High-precision time base acquisition and clock synchronization:

[0110] After the system powers on, the MCU first initializes peripherals such as the system timer, serial port, and ADC. The MCU then controls the GPS / BeiDou module to start working via the serial port. The MCU periodically sends commands to the GPS / BeiDou module to request data. The MCU parses the data packets received from the GPS / BeiDou module and extracts high-precision time, latitude, and longitude information.

[0111] The MCU uses the acquired satellite time to calibrate its own system clock and the ADC sampling timer clock, ensuring high-precision synchronization between the local sampling clock and UTC time. This process can be performed periodically to eliminate errors caused by local crystal oscillator drift.

[0112] 2. Multi-channel current synchronous sampling:

[0113] The MCU configures the ADC parameters, including resolution and sampling channels. For example, ADC1-4 can be assigned specifically for acquiring traveling wave transient current signals from the four clamps, while ADC5 can be used to acquire parameters such as power frequency steady-state current, temperature, and voltage. The MCU configures the timer according to the required sampling rate.

[0114] After the timer starts, each overflow generates a hardware trigger signal, automatically initiating a synchronous sampling of all ADC channels. The sampled data bypasses the CPU and is directly transferred to the designated RAM buffer via the DMA controller, greatly improving efficiency.

[0115] For transient current sampling, a DMA interrupt is triggered when the DMA buffer reaches half-full or full. The MCU responds to the interrupt, setting a flag to indicate that a batch of transient data is ready. For steady-state sampling at power frequency, an interrupt can be triggered when the buffer is full. During the data processing phase, the MCU adds a precise satellite timestamp to each frame of sampled data.

[0116] 3. Data Decision-Making and Uploading:

[0117] The MCU analyzes the acquired transient data in real time, such as traveling wave transient current, and determines whether it exceeds the preset traveling wave threshold.

[0118] If the ripple threshold is reached, the MCU immediately uploads the corresponding timestamped transient data to the remote cloud platform via the 5G communication module according to the TCP / IP protocol. The MCU controls the 5G module to initialize, register with the network, establish a socket connection with the preset server, and then send data using the AT command set.

[0119] For routine power frequency steady-state current and temperature data, the MCU collects, packages, and timestamps the data according to a preset cycle, such as every minute, and then uploads it to the cloud platform via the 5G module.

[0120] The entire system obtains energy from the power transmission line through the sensor energy harvesting clamp, and after conversion by the power circuit, it charges the battery and supplies power to each module, achieving energy self-sufficiency and is suitable for long-term online monitoring.

[0121] Example 3:

[0122] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when run on a terminal (processor), can implement a multi-channel synchronous sampling method for transmission lines as described in Embodiment 1.

[0123] Computer-readable storage media can be, for example, but not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatuses, or devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), registers, hard disks, optical fibers, portable...

[0124] Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof, or any other form of computer-readable storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can reside in an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0125] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0126] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for multi-channel synchronous sampling of transmission lines, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: High-precision time reference signals are obtained using a satellite time synchronization module; The local clock of the ADC sampling circuit is calibrated using the high-precision time reference signal to achieve synchronization between the ADC sampling clock and the satellite time; Based on the synchronized ADC sampling clock, the multi-channel current signals of the transmission line are synchronously sampled using ADC sampling technology and DMA technology. The current signals include traveling wave transient current and power frequency steady-state current.

2. The multi-channel synchronous sampling method for transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The satellite timing module is a GPS / BeiDou dual-mode timing module.

3. The multi-channel synchronous sampling method for transmission lines according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method of acquiring a high-precision time reference signal using a satellite timing module specifically includes: The MCU sends commands to the satellite timing module; The MCU receives data returned by the satellite timing module and extracts time information from it. Store and update timing information.

4. The multi-channel synchronous sampling method for transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, Synchronous sampling of the multi-channel current signal specifically includes: The sampling frequency is set using a timer; Determine the validity of satellite timing data and obtain timing information; The timer overflow triggers ADC sampling, and the sampled data is directly transferred to the RAM buffer via DMA. When the buffer reaches the preset state, an interrupt is triggered, and the sampling flag is set. After sampling is completed, obtain the current timestamp and package and mark the sampled data.

5. The multi-channel synchronous sampling method for transmission lines according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preset state is either half-full or full-full. For traveling wave transient current sampling, an interrupt is triggered when the buffer reaches a half-full or full state; for power frequency steady-state current sampling, an interrupt is triggered when the buffer reaches a full state.

6. A multi-channel synchronous monitoring system for transmission lines, employing the multi-channel synchronous sampling method for transmission lines as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Multi-split spacer bars are used for fixed installation on multi-split transmission lines; At least two sensing energy harvesting clamps are fixed to the multi-splitter spacer bar. The sensing energy harvesting clamps integrate a current sampling module, a temperature sampling module, and an electromagnetic coupling energy harvesting module, which are used to sample the current and temperature data of the sub-conductor and to supply power to the system. The central controller, fixed on the multi-splitter spacer bar and connected to each of the sensor energy harvesting clamps, is used to process and analyze data to monitor current and temperature.

7. The multi-channel synchronous monitoring system for transmission lines according to claim 6, characterized in that, The central controller includes: The satellite timing module is used to acquire high-precision time reference signals; The 5G communication module is used for data communication with the cloud platform; A power supply circuit for managing the electrical energy supplied by the electromagnetic coupling energy harvesting module of the sensing energy harvesting clamp; The MCU is connected to the sampling modules of the satellite timing module, the 5G communication module, the power supply circuit, and each of the sensor energy harvesting clamps, and is used to control the sampling timing, process the sampling data, and control the data upload.

8. The multi-channel synchronous monitoring system for transmission lines according to claim 7, characterized in that, The current sampling module includes an ADC unit for acquiring traveling wave transient current and an ADC unit for acquiring power frequency steady-state current and other monitoring parameters.

9. The multi-channel synchronous monitoring system for transmission lines according to claim 7, characterized in that, The MCU is configured as follows: Initialize system timer, serial port, and ADC parameters; The satellite timing module is controlled to provide timing and calibrate the system time. The ADC is controlled to synchronously sample multi-channel current signals at a set frequency and the data is transferred via DMA. Determine whether the traveling wave transient data meets the threshold condition. If it does, package the data, mark it with a timestamp, and upload it to the cloud platform through the 5G communication module. The system periodically collects steady-state current and temperature data at the power frequency, marks them with timestamps, and then uploads them to the cloud platform via the 5G communication module.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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