A high-low voltage switch cabinet

Abstract

The application relates to a high-low voltage switch cabinet, and relates to the technical field of electrical equipment. The high-low voltage switch cabinet comprises a cabinet body, an element chamber, a cable chamber and a heat exchange chamber arranged in the cabinet body, a through hole in a partition plate, and air inlet holes and air outlet holes on the surface of the cabinet body. The element chamber is internally provided with a functional drawer and a heat dissipation mechanism. The heat dissipation mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a hollow guide rail provided with heat exchange holes, an air duct communicated with the heat exchange chamber, a micro fan arranged in the guide rail, heat conduction fins, heat dissipation holes, buffer rings, guide rods, flow guide rings and temperature sensors. The application can promote the air flow in the cabinet body, effectively drain and discharge the hot air at the functional drawer, improve the heat dissipation efficiency, and adjust the heat dissipation power according to the temperature, so that the stable operation of the high-low voltage switch cabinet is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrical equipment technology, and in particular to a high and low voltage switchgear. Background Technology

[0002] High and low voltage switchgear plays a crucial role in the field of electrical equipment technology, and is widely used in power system generation, transmission, distribution, power conversion, and consumption. With the continuous development and upgrading of power systems, higher requirements are placed on the performance and reliability of high and low voltage switchgear. It effectively distributes and controls electrical energy, ensuring the normal operation of power equipment, and is of great significance for improving the stability and security of the power system. At the same time, the application of high and low voltage switchgear has also promoted the automation and intelligent development of the power industry, driving technological progress across the entire sector.

[0003] In related technologies, the common approach is to create ventilation holes on the surface of the cabinet to allow natural air convection and remove heat. Some switch cabinets also install large fans inside to enhance heat dissipation through forced ventilation. Other designs incorporate simple air ducts inside the cabinet to guide airflow and achieve heat dissipation. Additionally, some switch cabinets install heat sinks on the surface of heat-generating components, utilizing the larger surface area of ​​the heat sinks to increase heat dissipation efficiency.

[0004] However, shortcomings still exist. Natural convection cooling is inefficient; when significant heat is generated inside the switchgear, it struggles to dissipate heat quickly and effectively, easily leading to excessively high temperatures inside the cabinet and affecting the normal operation and lifespan of electrical components. While large fans can enhance ventilation, they consume a lot of energy and generate noise, and they struggle to provide precise cooling for locally heated areas. Simple air duct designs often fail to guide airflow effectively, resulting in uneven heat dissipation. Furthermore, relying solely on heat sinks offers limited cooling capacity for some high-power heat-generating components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems and provide a high- and low-voltage switchgear.

[0006] A high- and low-voltage switchgear includes a cabinet, which contains a component compartment, a cable compartment, and a heat exchange compartment. A partition is provided between the component compartment, the cable compartment, and the heat exchange compartment. The partition has several through holes for air flow inside the cabinet. The surface of the cabinet has several air inlets and several air outlets. The air outlets are located above the air inlets and are used to exhaust hot air from the heat exchange compartment to the outside. Outside air enters the cable compartment through the air inlets.

[0007] The component compartment is equipped with several functional drawers and a heat dissipation mechanism;

[0008] The heat dissipation mechanism includes:

[0009] Several fixed plates are set in the component chamber to divide the component chamber and form multiple mounting cavities, and functional drawers are set in the mounting cavities;

[0010] The guide rail is set on the surface of the functional drawer and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting cavity. The guide rail is hollow and has several heat exchange holes on its surface.

[0011] The air duct is located in the component chamber, with one end extending into the heat exchange chamber and communicating with the heat exchange chamber. The air duct has a docking hole for the insertion of the guide rail.

[0012] A miniature fan, installed within the guide rail, is used to draw hot air from the corresponding functional drawer into the air duct.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the cabinet is equipped with a component compartment, a cable compartment, and a heat exchange compartment. Through holes are opened on the partition, and air inlets and outlets are opened on the cabinet surface to allow for airflow and heat exhaust, ensuring heat dissipation. The component compartment is equipped with functional drawers and a heat dissipation mechanism. A fixed plate divides the component compartment into mounting cavities, where the functional drawers are installed for easy installation. The guide rails are slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting cavities and are hollow with heat exchange holes, facilitating the installation and removal of the functional drawers and promoting airflow within the guide rails. The air duct connects to the heat exchange compartment and has a docking hole. A miniature fan guides the hot air from the functional drawers to the air duct, exhausting the hot air from the cabinet and achieving heat dissipation for the functional drawers, ensuring the normal operation of the electrical components.

[0014] Optionally, the guide rail surface is provided with multiple heat-conducting plates, which abut against the inner bottom surface of the functional drawer and are located at the heating element.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat-conducting sheet on the surface of the guide rail abuts against the bottom surface of the functional drawer and is located at the heating element, which can increase the heat transfer efficiency of the heating element in the functional drawer and improve its heat dissipation efficiency. At the same time, it increases the heat dissipation area of ​​the functional drawer and further improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0016] Optionally, the surface of the functional drawer is provided with several primary ventilation holes.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the functional drawer is provided with a first heat dissipation hole, which allows the gas in the cable chamber to enter the functional drawer through the through hole and the first heat dissipation hole, thereby facilitating the heat dissipation of the electrical components inside the functional drawer.

[0018] Optionally, the surface of the fixing plate is provided with a number of second heat dissipation holes corresponding to the number of first heat dissipation holes, and when the functional drawer is pushed into the working position, the positions of the first heat dissipation holes and the second heat dissipation holes correspond one-to-one.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, each mounting cavity exchanges airflow through the first heat dissipation hole and the second heat dissipation hole, balancing the temperature of each mounting cavity and preventing overheating of a certain functional drawer.

[0020] Optionally, a buffer ring is provided on the inner wall of the docking hole on the surface of the air duct. A trigger switch electrically connected to the micro fan is provided inside the buffer ring, and the function drawer abuts against the surface of the buffer ring when it is in the working position to drive the micro fan.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the buffer ring can prevent the micro fan from colliding with the air duct, and the trigger switch can drive the micro fan to work when the function drawer is in the working position and abuts against the buffer ring.

[0022] Optionally, the inner wall of the buffer ring is provided with several rubber blocks, and the rubber blocks are arranged around the circumference of the inner wall of the buffer ring. The rubber blocks work together to isolate the air duct from the component chamber. The surface of the rubber blocks is provided with springs, one end of which is connected to the surface of the buffer ring. When the function drawer is in the working position, the micro fan passes through the buffer ring and extends into the air duct. At this time, the rubber blocks and springs deform and bend, and come into contact with the surface of the micro fan.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the rubber block on the inner wall of the buffer ring isolates the air duct from the component chamber. When the micro fan is inserted, the rubber block and the spring bend and abut against the surface of the micro fan, which makes it easy to insert the micro fan. After installation, the sealing performance of the buffer ring is increased. When pulled out, the rubber block quickly recovers to prevent continuous leakage of airflow in the air duct.

[0024] Optionally, the component chamber is equipped with a guide rod, and the guide rail is equipped with a limit ring. The guide rod passes through the limit ring and is slidably connected to the guide rail.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide rod is slidably connected to the guide rail after passing through the limiting ring, which can ensure that when the functional drawer is moved to the working position, the micro centrifugal fan can accurately extend into the corresponding buffer ring and start.

[0026] Optionally, a guide ring is provided inside the guide rail. The side of the guide ring away from the micro fan is flared out, and an elastic membrane is provided inside the guide ring. Inert gas is injected into the elastic membrane. When the inert gas is heated and expands during operation, it reduces the size of the inner wall of the heat conduction ring, thereby increasing the air flow rate.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the air duct is connected to the heat exchange chamber, and the micro fan guides the hot air from the functional drawer to the air duct; a guide ring is set in the guide rail, which is horn-shaped on the side away from the micro fan. The inert gas injected into the elastic membrane in the guide ring expands when heated, reducing the inner wall size of the guide ring, increasing the air velocity, and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0028] Optionally, a temperature sensor is installed inside the functional drawer. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the miniature fan located in the same functional drawer. The temperature sensor is used to control the operating power of the miniature fan.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the micro fan and controls its operating power, which enables each functional drawer to accurately dissipate heat according to the internal electrical components, ensuring the normal operation of the electrical components.

[0030] Optionally, the micro fan is a micro centrifugal fan.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution and setting the micro fan as a micro centrifugal fan, the ability to draw hot air from the functional drawer can be enhanced, and the hot air can be drawn into the air duct more efficiently, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of high and low voltage switchgear.

[0032] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] 1. By setting air inlets and outlets on the cabinet and through holes on the partition, in conjunction with the heat dissipation mechanism, outside air can enter the cabinet, pass through the cable compartment, component compartment and heat exchange compartment and then be discharged, effectively realizing air flow and heat dissipation inside the cabinet, avoiding excessive temperature inside the cabinet, and ensuring the normal operation and service life of electrical components.

[0034] 2. The first heat dissipation hole on the surface of the functional drawer and the second heat dissipation hole on the surface of the fixed plate correspond one-to-one when the functional drawer is pushed into the working position, which allows airflow exchange between each mounting cavity, balances the temperature, and prevents a certain functional drawer from overheating.

[0035] 3. The heat-conducting plate on the surface of the guide rail abuts against the bottom surface of the functional drawer and is located at the heating element, which can increase the heat transfer efficiency and heat dissipation area of ​​the heating element in the functional drawer and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0036] 4. The temperature sensor can control the operating power of the miniature fan according to the temperature inside the functional drawer, achieving precise heat dissipation;

[0037] 5. The buffer ring and its inner wall rubber blocks and springs work together to prevent gas from flowing out of the air duct when the functional drawer is extended, increase the sealing performance when the miniature fan is inserted, and quickly restore the original shape when pulled out to prevent air leakage. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of this application;

[0040] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the present application, mainly showing the first guide rail, air duct, and miniature centrifugal fan;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present application, mainly showing the guide ring and the spring.

[0043] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of part B in the middle section;

[0044] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of part C in the middle;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present application, mainly showing the guide rod and the limiting ring.

[0046] Figure Descriptions: 1. Cabinet; 2. Shelf; 3. Component Chamber; 4. Cable Chamber; 5. Heat Exchange Chamber; 6. Through Hole; 7. Air Inlet; 8. Air Outlet; 9. Functional Drawer; 10. Fixing Plate; 11. Mounting Cavity; 12. Slide Rail; 13. Second Heat Dissipation Hole; 14. First Heat Dissipation Hole; 15. Guide Rail; 16. Heat Exchange Hole; 17. Heat Conducting Sheet; 18. Airflow Guide Ring; 19. Elastic Membrane; 20. Miniature Centrifugal Fan; 21. Battery; 22. Temperature Sensor; 23. Controller; 24. Air Duct; 25. Connecting Hole; 26. Buffer Ring; 27. Rubber Block; 28. Spring; 29. ​​Guide Rod; 30. Limiting Ring. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 8 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0048] A high- and low-voltage switchgear, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The system includes a cabinet 1, with two fixed partitions 2 inside. These partitions divide the interior of the cabinet 1 into a component compartment 3, a cable compartment 4, and a heat exchange compartment 5. Several through holes 6 are provided on the partition 2 between the component compartment 3 and the cable compartment 4 to allow airflow within the cabinet 1. Simultaneously, several air inlets 7 and several air outlets 8 are provided on the surface of the cabinet 1. The air inlets 7 are located on the side wall of the cable compartment 4, and the air outlets 8 are located on the side wall of the heat exchange compartment 5. Outside air enters the cabinet 1 through the air inlets 7, passes through the cable compartment 4, the component compartment 3, and the heat exchange compartment 5, and then exits through the air outlets 8. Furthermore, the component compartment 3 is equipped with several functional drawers 9 and a heat dissipation mechanism. The functional drawers 9 are used to install electrical components, and the heat dissipation mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the functional drawers 9 to ensure the normal operation of the electrical components.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 The heat dissipation mechanism includes several fixed plates 10 fixedly connected to the component chamber 3. The fixed plates 10 cooperate to divide the component chamber 3 into multiple mounting cavities 11. At the same time, slide rails 12 are fixedly connected to both sides of the surface of the fixed plates 10, and the functional drawer 9 is slidably connected in the slide rails 12. In addition, the surface of the functional drawer 9 is provided with several first heat dissipation holes 14, and the surface of the fixed plates 10 is provided with a number of second heat dissipation holes 13 corresponding to the number of first heat dissipation holes 14. When the functional drawer 9 is closed and in the working position, the positions of the first heat dissipation holes 14 and the second heat dissipation holes 13 correspond one-to-one, so that the gas in the cable chamber 4 can enter the functional drawer 9 through the through hole 6 and the first heat dissipation holes 14. At the same time, each mounting cavity 11 can exchange airflow through the first heat dissipation holes 14 and the second heat dissipation holes 13 to balance the temperature of each mounting cavity 11, thereby preventing any functional drawer 9 from overheating.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The functional drawer 9 is fixedly connected to two sides by a first guide rail 15 and a second guide rail 15, respectively. The first guide rail 15 is located on the side of the functional drawer 9 away from the cable compartment 4, and the second guide rail 15 is located on the side of the functional drawer 9 closer to the cable compartment 4. Both the first and second guide rails 15 are hollow inside, and their surfaces are provided with several heat exchange holes 16. Multiple heat-conducting plates 17 are fixedly connected to the surface of the first guide rail 15, and these plates pass through the side wall of the functional drawer 9 and extend into its interior. The surface of the heat-conducting plates 17 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the functional drawer 9. The heat-conducting plates 17 are positioned at the corresponding heating elements of the functional drawer 9 to increase the heat transfer efficiency of the heating elements and thus improve its heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, increasing the heat dissipation area of ​​the functional drawer 9 by using the heat-conducting plates 17 also improves its heat dissipation efficiency.

[0051] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 A flow guide ring 18 is fixedly connected to the side of the first guide rail 15 closest to the back plate of the component chamber 3. The side of the flow guide ring 18 away from the back plate of the component chamber 3 is flared. Simultaneously, a rubber elastic membrane 19 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow guide ring 18. The elastic membrane 19 and the inner wall of the flow guide ring 18 cooperate to form a cavity, which is filled with carbon dioxide. When the temperature inside the first guide rail 15 rises, the carbon dioxide gas inside the first guide rail 15 expands due to heat, causing the elastic membrane 19 to expand. This results in a reduction in the inner wall size of the flow guide ring 18, thereby increasing the gas flow rate through the flow guide ring 18.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 6A miniature centrifugal fan 20 is fixedly connected to one end of the guide ring 18 near the back panel of the component chamber 3, and the outlet end of the miniature centrifugal fan 20 protrudes beyond the guide rail 15. Simultaneously, a battery 21 is fixedly connected inside the function drawer 9, and the battery 21 is electrically connected to the miniature centrifugal fan 20 via wires, thus providing power to the miniature centrifugal fan 20. Additionally, a temperature sensor 22, electrically connected to the battery 21, is fixedly connected inside the function drawer 9, and the temperature sensor 22 is electrically connected to a controller 23. The controller 23 is fixedly connected inside the function drawer 9 and is also electrically connected to the miniature centrifugal fan 20. The temperature sensor 22 is located near the heating element in the function drawer 9, and it is used to monitor the air temperature around the heating element in real time. The controller 23 receives the monitoring signal from the temperature sensor 22 and further controls the operating power and speed of the miniature centrifugal fan 20 based on the detected temperature, thereby enabling each function drawer 9 to precisely dissipate heat according to the different electrical components inside.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 An air duct 24 is fixedly connected to the surface of the back panel of the component chamber 3 away from the cable chamber 4. One end of the air duct 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the component chamber 3, and the other end of the air duct 24 is fixedly connected to the partition 2 between the heat exchange chamber 5 and the component chamber 3 after passing through the fixing plate 10. In addition, the interior of the air duct 24 is hollow and communicates with the heat exchange chamber 5. Each mounting cavity 11 of the surface of the air duct 24 has a docking hole 25 corresponding to the position of the first guide rail 15. When the function drawer 9 is in the working position, the air outlet of the micro centrifugal fan 20 corresponding to the function drawer 9 passes through the docking hole 25 and extends into the air duct 24.

[0054] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 A buffer ring 26 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole 25 in the air duct 24. The buffer ring 26 is coaxially arranged with the connecting hole 25, and the inner ring size of the buffer ring 26 is greater than or equal to the outer wall size of the micro centrifugal fan 20. This allows the micro centrifugal fan 20 to pass through the buffer ring 26 and extend into the air duct 24. The first guide rail 15 abuts against the surface of the buffer ring 26, limiting the sliding distance of the functional drawer 9 on the slide rail 12, and preventing the micro centrifugal fan 20 from colliding with the air duct 24. In addition, a trigger switch is embedded in the buffer ring 26. The trigger switch is electrically connected to the controller 23. When the first guide rail 15 abuts against the buffer ring 26, the trigger switch is activated and drives the micro centrifugal fan 20 to work.

[0055] Four soft rubber blocks 27 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer ring 26, and the four rubber blocks 27 close the inner ring of the buffer ring 26, separating the mounting cavity 11 from the interior of the air duct 24. This prevents gas in the air duct 24 from flowing out of the docking hole 25 at the extended functional drawer 9 when the functional drawer 9 is extended. In addition, four springs 28 are fixedly connected to one side surface of the rubber block 27 inside the air duct 24, and each spring 28 is fixedly connected to one rubber block 27. When the micro centrifugal fan 20 is inserted into the buffer ring 26, the rubber blocks 27 and springs 28 can be pushed to deform and bend to facilitate the insertion of the micro centrifugal fan 20. After installation, the springs 28 drive the rubber blocks 27 to abut against the surface of the micro centrifugal fan 20, thereby increasing the sealing performance of the buffer ring 26. When the micro centrifugal fan 20 is pulled out of the buffer ring 26, the springs 28 drive the rubber blocks 27 to quickly return to their original position to prevent continuous airflow leakage in the air duct 24.

[0056] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 The back plate of the component chamber 3 is fixedly connected to a guide rod 29, and the inner side of the second guide rail 15 is fixedly connected to a limiting ring 30. The guide rod 29 passes through the limiting ring 30 and abuts against the inside of the limiting ring 30, so that the limiting ring 30 can slide along the surface of the guide rod 29 to ensure that when the functional drawer 9 is moved to the working position, the micro centrifugal fan 20 can accurately extend into the corresponding buffer ring 26 and start the micro centrifugal fan 20.

[0057] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: During operation, external cold air enters the cable compartment 4 through the air inlet 7 under the influence of the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cabinet and the induction effect of the outlet of the heat exchange chamber 5. The cable compartment 4, as a cavity with a relatively uniform static pressure distribution (static pressure box), provides a stable cooling air source for each functional drawer 9.

[0058] When an electrical component in a certain functional drawer 9 heats up, causing its internal temperature to rise, the temperature sensor 22 installed in that drawer will monitor this change in real time and transmit the signal to the controller 23. The controller 23 will then increase the operating power and speed of the corresponding micro centrifugal fan 20.

[0059] After the miniature centrifugal fan 20 is started, it generates negative pressure at its air inlet. This negative pressure actively draws cooling air from the cable compartment 4 through the first heat dissipation hole 14 on the surface of the functional drawer 9 and the through hole 6 of the partition 2. The cold air flows through the heating element, absorbs heat, and becomes hot air.

[0060] Subsequently, the miniature centrifugal fan 20 pressurizes the collected hot air and blows it into the hollow guide rail 15 connected to it. The hot air flows along the guide rail 15 and is further collected into the cavity of the guide rail 15 through the heat exchange holes 16 on its surface, and finally enters the inner air duct 24 after passing through the docking hole 25 between the first guide rail 15 and the air duct 24.

[0061] During this process, the rubber block 27 and spring 28 inside the buffer ring 26 are deformed by the micro fan, tightly wrapping the fan outlet to form a dynamic seal, effectively preventing hot air from leaking back into the component chamber 3 and ensuring heat dissipation efficiency. After the hot air is collected in the air duct 24, it is transported to the heat exchange chamber 5 and finally discharged from the air outlet 8 above the cabinet 1, completing a complete heat exchange cycle.

[0062] For units that generate more heat, the temperature within their guide rails 15 is also higher. The inert gas in the elastic membrane 19 within the guide ring 18 expands due to heat, causing the cross-section of the flow channel to locally shrink. According to fluid dynamics principles, this will increase the air velocity flowing through that area, thereby enhancing the local heat dissipation effect.

[0063] In summary, this system achieves precise, efficient, and independent heat dissipation for each functional drawer 9 through a collaborative working mechanism of static pressure distribution, on-demand suction, centralized discharge, and intelligent control, significantly improving the thermal management performance, operational reliability, and energy efficiency of high and low voltage switchgear.

[0064] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high- and low-voltage switchgear, comprising a cabinet (1), wherein the cabinet (1) is provided with a component compartment (3), a cable compartment (4), and a heat exchange compartment (5), and a partition (2) is provided between the component compartment (3), the cable compartment (4), and the heat exchange compartment (5), characterized in that: The partition (2) has several through holes (6) for airflow inside the cabinet (1). The surface of the cabinet (1) has several air inlets (7) and several air outlets (8). The air outlets (8) are located above the air inlets (7). The air outlets (8) are used to discharge the hot air in the heat exchange chamber (5) to the outside, and the outside air enters the cable chamber (4) through the air inlets (7). The component compartment (3) is equipped with several functional drawers (9) and a heat dissipation mechanism; The heat dissipation mechanism includes: Several fixing plates (10) are disposed in the component chamber (3) to divide the component chamber (3) and form multiple mounting cavities (11), and the functional drawer (9) is disposed in the mounting cavity (11); The guide rail (15) is disposed on the surface of the functional drawer (9) and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting cavity (11). The guide rail (15) is hollow and has several heat exchange holes (16) on its surface. The air duct (24) is located in the component chamber (3), with one end extending into the heat exchange chamber (5) and communicating with the heat exchange chamber (5). The air duct (24) is provided with a docking hole (25) for inserting the guide rail (15). A miniature fan is installed in the guide rail (15) to draw the hot air from the corresponding functional drawer (9) into the air duct (24); A buffer ring (26) is provided on the inner wall of the docking hole (25) on the surface of the air duct (24). A trigger switch electrically connected to the micro fan is provided in the buffer ring (26). When the function drawer (9) is in the working position, it abuts against the surface of the buffer ring (26) to drive the micro fan. The inner wall of the buffer ring (26) is provided with a plurality of rubber blocks (27), and the plurality of rubber blocks (27) are arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the buffer ring (26). The plurality of rubber blocks (27) cooperate to isolate the air duct (24) from the component chamber (3). A spring (28) is provided on the surface of the rubber block (27), and one end of the spring (28) is connected to the surface of the buffer ring (26). When the functional drawer (9) is in the working position, the micro fan passes through the buffer ring (26) and extends into the air duct (24). At this time, the rubber block (27) and the spring (28) are deformed and bent and come into contact with the surface of the micro fan.

2. A high- and low-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail (15) has a plurality of heat-conducting plates (17) on its surface. The heat-conducting plates (17) abut against the inner bottom surface of the functional drawer (9) and are located at the heating element.

3. A high- and low-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the functional drawer (9) is provided with several first heat dissipation holes (14).

4. A high- and low-voltage switchgear according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the fixing plate (10) is provided with a number of second heat dissipation holes (13) corresponding to the number of first heat dissipation holes (14), and when the functional drawer (9) is pushed into the working position, the positions of the first heat dissipation holes (14) and the second heat dissipation holes (13) correspond one-to-one.

5. A high- and low-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component chamber (3) is provided with a guide rod (29), and the guide rail (15) is provided with a limit ring (30). The guide rod (29) passes through the limit ring (30) and is slidably connected to the guide rail (15).

6. A high- and low-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow guide ring (18) is provided inside the guide rail (15). The flow guide ring (18) is flared on the side away from the micro fan. An elastic membrane (19) is provided inside the flow guide ring (18). An inert gas is injected into the elastic membrane (19). When the inert gas is heated during operation, it expands to reduce the size of the inner wall of the heat conduction ring, thereby increasing the air flow rate.

7. A high- and low-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (22) is installed inside the functional drawer (9). The temperature sensor (22) is electrically connected to the micro fan in the same functional drawer (9). The temperature sensor (22) is used to control the operating power of the micro fan.

8. A high- and low-voltage switchgear according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The micro fan is a micro centrifugal fan (20).

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