A wireless charging power balancing method, system, and wireless charging device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of wireless charging technology, specifically to a wireless charging power balancing method, system, and wireless charging device. A wireless charging power balancing system includes: a pre-excitation module, a device analysis module, a device crosstalk intensity influence analysis module, and a charging operation module. In its charging startup strategy, this invention employs a graph-based heuristic batch access mechanism, prioritizing the startup of devices with weak crosstalk and initiating handshake and low-power stability phases, thus avoiding repeated disconnections and power fluctuations caused by multiple devices powering on simultaneously. Simultaneously, for high-interference transmitting coil pairs, TDMA interleaved startup is used, with duty cycle allocation ensuring that charging efficiency is improved while suppressing electromagnetic crosstalk. Through these schemes, the power-on competition effect caused by the non-zero coupling coefficient K and resonant point drift is effectively suppressed, avoiding repeated handshakes and power fluctuations caused by multiple devices starting on simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless charging technology, specifically to a wireless charging power balancing method, system, and wireless charging device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing multi-device wireless charging systems, the coupling coefficient between the multiple sub-coils of the transmitter and the multiple receiving coils of the receiver is generally not zero. This electromagnetic coupling between the coils causes mutual interference during device startup. Simultaneously, during the handshake and power ramp-up phases, the input impedance and resonant point of the devices drift rapidly due to load changes and electromagnetic interference from nearby devices, causing the charging control loop to frequently adjust its operating frequency and duty cycle. This dynamic change triggers a typical "power-on competition effect"—when multiple devices start simultaneously, the power control loops become mutually restrictive, and some devices may disconnect and re-handshake due to sudden changes in induced power, resulting in repeated connection establishment and interruption. This not only prolongs the overall startup time but also causes charging power fluctuations, affecting user experience and system stability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention performs short-time excitation measurement and high-precision electromagnetic response analysis on an array-distributed transmitting coil platform. It uses the collected transmitting coil terminal voltage and current signals to calculate the input impedance and impedance phase, and constructs a response heat map covering the entire plate surface, thereby accurately identifying the spatial location and coverage area of ​​multiple devices to be charged. By mapping the response region to a set of device nodes using connected component clustering, and combining the sub-coil coupling matrix obtained from empty platform calibration, the crosstalk intensity influence matrix between devices is derived, enabling a quantitative characterization of the interference relationship between devices. For the charging startup strategy, a graph-based heuristic batch access mechanism is adopted, prioritizing the startup of devices with weak crosstalk and entering the handshake and low-power stable phases, avoiding repeated disconnections and power fluctuations caused by multiple devices powering on simultaneously. Simultaneously, TDMA interleaved startup is used for high-interference transmitting coil pairs, with duty cycle allocation ensuring that charging efficiency is improved while suppressing electromagnetic crosstalk. Through these schemes, the power-on competition effect caused by the non-zero coupling coefficient K and resonant point drift is effectively suppressed, avoiding repeated handshakes and power fluctuations caused by multiple devices starting simultaneously. This improves the stability of multi-device wireless charging, concurrent charging efficiency, and user placement freedom, shortens the overall startup time, and enhances the system's safety and controllability.

[0004] This invention provides a wireless charging power balancing method, comprising:

[0005] When there are multiple devices to be charged on the charging end, all transmitting coils are controlled to perform short-time excitation operations, and the voltage and current signals of all transmitting coils are sampled. Then, the corresponding input impedance and impedance phase of the transmitting coil are determined based on the voltage and current signals of each transmitting coil.

[0006] A response heatmap is constructed based on the input impedance and impedance phase of each transmitting coil. Then, the device node set is determined based on the response heatmap. The device node set includes the device number and corresponding response area assigned by the charging end to all devices to be charged.

[0007] All overlapping data points in the response regions are grouped into a conflict data point set, and the data points in the conflict data point set are removed from the response regions. A coverage area corresponding to the device number is constructed, which includes the transmitting coil that performs the charging operation on the corresponding device. Based on all coverage areas and the transmitting coil coupling matrix, a device crosstalk strength influence matrix is ​​constructed. The crosstalk strength influence matrix includes the electromagnetic coupling strength between the corresponding transmitting coils of each device. The size of the transmitting coil coupling matrix is ​​N×N, where N is the total number of transmitting coils, and it represents the electromagnetic coupling strength between any two transmitting coils.

[0008] Based on the crosstalk intensity influence matrix, a batch charging start-up operation is performed on all devices to be charged, and a TDMA interleaved start-up operation is adopted for the transmitting coils corresponding to the data points in the conflict data point set during the charging process.

[0009] As a preferred aspect, a response heatmap is constructed based on the input impedance and impedance phase corresponding to the voltage and current signals of each transmitting coil, and then the device node set is determined based on the response heatmap, specifically including the following steps:

[0010] The real part of the input impedance and the impedance phase corresponding to the transmitting coil are weighted and summed to obtain the electromagnetic response intensity value corresponding to each transmitting coil. Then, the electromagnetic response intensity values ​​corresponding to all transmitting coils are mapped to a two-dimensional graph according to the position of the transmitting coil, which is called the electromagnetic response graph. Based on the electromagnetic response graph, a connected component operation is performed to obtain several connected component regions. There are overlapping parts between the connected component regions. Each connected component region is assigned a device number, and the connected component region is used as the corresponding response region.

[0011] The connected component operation includes the following steps: First, perform clustering on all data points in the electromagnetic response graph to obtain several cluster centers, which are also data points. For each cluster center, perform the following operation: obtain all data points within the 8-neighborhood of the cluster center. If the standard deviation between all data points within the 8-neighborhood of the cluster center and all electromagnetic response intensity values ​​corresponding to the data points corresponding to the cluster center is less than the connectivity threshold, add all data points within the 8-neighborhood of the cluster center to the corresponding connected component region. Each newly added data point is considered as the cluster center for the next round until no new data points are added to the connected component region, thus completing the construction of the connected component region.

[0012] As a preferred aspect, a device crosstalk intensity influence matrix is ​​constructed based on all coverage areas and the transmitting coil coupling matrix, specifically including the following steps:

[0013] For any two devices to be charged, the two devices are respectively denoted as the first target device to be charged and the second target device to be charged. The electromagnetic response intensity values ​​of all transmitting coils in the coverage area corresponding to the first target device to be charged are sorted according to the transmitting coil number to form the first target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector. The electromagnetic response intensity values ​​of all transmitting coils in the coverage area corresponding to the second target device to be charged are sorted according to the transmitting coil number to form the second target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector. The range of transmitting coil numbers corresponding to the first target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector is denoted as the first target transmitting coil number range, and the range of transmitting coil numbers corresponding to the second target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector is denoted as the second target transmitting coil number range. The coupling weight matrix is ​​selected by dividing the first target transmitting coil number range and the second target transmitting coil number range in the transmitting coil coupling matrix. The transpose of the first target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector and the product of the coupling weight matrix and the second target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector are calculated as the device crosstalk intensity influence value between the first target device to be charged and the second target device to be charged.

[0014] The crosstalk intensity influence values ​​of all devices are combined into a crosstalk intensity influence matrix. The size of the crosstalk intensity influence matrix is ​​M×M, where M is the total number of devices to be charged.

[0015] As a preferred aspect, the transmitting coil coupling matrix is ​​obtained in the following manner:

[0016] Based on the empty charging platform, a standard excitation operation is first performed on all transmitting coils. Here, the standard excitation operation refers to controlling the transmitting coils to execute the standard excitation signal set by the developers. Then, the excitation signal of the i-th transmitting coil is modified, and the electromagnetic response intensity change value of the remaining transmitting coils is recorded. The electromagnetic response intensity change value refers to the change in electromagnetic response intensity value compared to the standard excitation operation. After normalizing all electromagnetic response intensity change values, they are used as the i-th row of the transmitting coil coupling matrix.

[0017] As a preferred approach, a batch charging start-up operation is performed on all devices to be charged based on the crosstalk intensity influence matrix, specifically including the following steps:

[0018] All devices to be charged are grouped into a set of devices to be charged by their corresponding device numbers. Each device to be charged is regarded as a node. If the crosstalk intensity between devices to be charged corresponding to two nodes is higher than the crosstalk intensity threshold, a feature edge is set between the two nodes. The feature edge connected to each node is recorded as the connectivity of the node.

[0019] Move the device number corresponding to the node with the lowest connectivity in the set of devices to be charged to the first batch set. Then, select the device number corresponding to the node with the lowest connectivity from the set of devices to be charged to form a candidate set. Iterate through the device numbers in the candidate set. If there is no feature edge between the node corresponding to the selected device number and the node corresponding to the device number in the first batch set, move the selected device number from the set of devices to be charged to the first batch set. Then, select the device number corresponding to the node with the lowest connectivity from the set of devices to be charged to form a candidate set. Continue until no device number is moved to the first batch set, thus completing the construction of the first batch set.

[0020] Using the method of constructing the first batch set, subsequent batch sets are constructed for the set of devices to be charged until there are no more elements in the set of devices to be charged. All devices to be charged then perform the charging start operation in the order of the batch sets.

[0021] As a preferred aspect, during the charging process, a TDMA interleaved start-up operation is performed on the transmitting coil corresponding to the data points in the conflict data point set, specifically including the following steps:

[0022] For any two transmitting coils corresponding to data points in the conflict data point set, if the electromagnetic coupling strength of the two transmitting coils in the transmitting coil coupling matrix is ​​higher than the interference threshold, the two transmitting coils are recorded as a conflict pair. During the charging process, TDMA interleaved start operation is performed on the two transmitting coils corresponding to the conflict pair.

[0023] As a preferred aspect, the corresponding input impedance and impedance phase of the transmitting coil are determined based on the voltage and current signals of each transmitting coil, specifically including the following:

[0024] Perform single-frequency orthogonal integration on the voltage and current signals of the transmitting coil within a preset window to construct the corresponding fundamental complex vectors of voltage and current. Calculate the ratio of the fundamental complex vectors of voltage and current as the input impedance, and calculate the phase difference between the fundamental complex vectors of voltage and current as the impedance phase.

[0025] The present invention also provides a wireless charging power balancing system, comprising:

[0026] The pre-excitation module is used to control all transmitting coils to perform short-time excitation operations when there are multiple devices to be charged at the charging end, and to sample the voltage and current signals of all transmitting coils, and then determine the corresponding input impedance and impedance phase of the transmitting coil based on the voltage and current signals of each transmitting coil.

[0027] The device analysis module is used to construct a response heatmap based on the input impedance and impedance phase of each transmitting coil, and then determine the device node set based on the response heatmap. The device node set includes the device number and corresponding response area assigned by the charging end to all devices to be charged.

[0028] The device crosstalk intensity impact analysis module is used to form a conflict data point set from all overlapping data points in the response region, and to remove data points from the conflict data point set from the response region. It constructs a coverage area corresponding to the device number, which includes the transmitting coil that performs the charging operation on the corresponding device. Based on all coverage areas and the transmitting coil coupling matrix, it constructs a device crosstalk intensity impact matrix, which includes the electromagnetic coupling strength between the corresponding transmitting coils of each device. The size of the transmitting coil coupling matrix is ​​N×N, where N is the total number of transmitting coils, and it represents the electromagnetic coupling strength between any two transmitting coils.

[0029] The charging operation module is used to perform batch charging start-up operations on all devices to be charged based on the crosstalk intensity influence matrix, and to perform TDMA interleaved start-up operations on the transmitting coils corresponding to the data points in the conflict data point set during the charging process.

[0030] A wireless charging device, wherein the device is equipped with the aforementioned wireless charging power balancing system.

[0031] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] This invention performs short-time excitation measurement and high-precision electromagnetic response analysis on an array-distributed transmitting coil platform. It uses the collected transmitting coil terminal voltage and current signals to calculate the input impedance and impedance phase, and constructs a response heat map covering the entire plate surface, thereby accurately identifying the spatial location and coverage area of ​​multiple devices to be charged. By mapping the response region to a set of device nodes using connected component clustering, and combining the sub-coil coupling matrix obtained from empty platform calibration, the crosstalk intensity influence matrix between devices is derived, enabling a quantitative characterization of the interference relationship between devices. For the charging startup strategy, a graph-based heuristic batch access mechanism is adopted, prioritizing the startup of devices with weak crosstalk and entering the handshake and low-power stable phases, avoiding repeated disconnections and power fluctuations caused by multiple devices powering on simultaneously. Simultaneously, TDMA interleaved startup is used for high-interference transmitting coil pairs, with duty cycle allocation ensuring that charging efficiency is improved while suppressing electromagnetic crosstalk. Through these schemes, the power-on competition effect caused by the non-zero coupling coefficient K and resonant point drift is effectively suppressed, avoiding repeated handshakes and power fluctuations caused by multiple devices starting simultaneously. This improves the stability of multi-device wireless charging, concurrent charging efficiency, and user placement freedom, shortens the overall startup time, and enhances the system's safety and controllability. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wireless charging power balancing system used in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this invention.

[0035] Example 1: A wireless charging power balancing method, comprising:

[0036] When multiple devices are present on the charging terminal (which can be a wireless charging pad), such as mobile phones, tablets, and smartwatches, each device controls its transmitting coil to perform a short-time excitation operation. Specifically, the short-time excitation operation activates the transmitting coil and controls its current signal to match a pre-set short-time excitation signal. This short-time excitation signal has pre-set parameters such as frequency, duty cycle, and pulse width. The voltage and current signals of all transmitting coils are sampled at a frequency set by the developers, typically 10 times the short-time excitation frequency. Based on the voltage and current signals of each transmitting coil, the corresponding input impedance and impedance phase are determined. Due to the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil at the charging terminal and the receiving coil in the device being charged, the short-time-excited transmitting coil can be observed, allowing analysis of the distribution of devices on the charging terminal and the coupling strength between them. It should be noted that the transmitting coils at the charging terminal are arranged in an array.

[0037] The input impedance and impedance phase of each transmitting coil are determined based on the voltage and current signals of each transmitting coil, specifically including the following:

[0038] The voltage and current signals of the transmitting coil are subjected to single-frequency orthogonal integration within a preset window to construct the corresponding voltage fundamental complex vector and current fundamental complex vector. Taking the voltage signal as an example, the voltage signal is multiplied by a sine signal of the same frequency and then integrated within the preset window to obtain the in-phase component. The voltage signal is multiplied by a cosine signal of the same frequency and then integrated within the preset window to obtain the quadrature component, thus realizing the single-frequency orthogonal integration operation. The in-phase component is used as the real part and the quadrature component is used as the imaginary part to construct the voltage fundamental complex vector. The ratio of the voltage fundamental complex vector to the current fundamental complex vector is calculated as the input impedance, and the phase difference between the voltage fundamental complex vector and the current fundamental complex vector is calculated as the impedance phase.

[0039] A response heatmap is constructed based on the input impedance and impedance phase of each transmitting coil. The response heatmap reflects the electromagnetic response intensity of different locations on the charging end to short-time excitation. If the electromagnetic response intensity is large, it indicates that there is a device to be charged at that location. Then, the device node set is determined based on the response heatmap. The device node set includes the device number and corresponding response area assigned by the charging end to all devices to be charged. Here, the response area refers to a part of the response heatmap.

[0040] A response heatmap is constructed based on the input impedance and impedance phase corresponding to the voltage and current signals of each transmitting coil. Then, the device node set is determined based on the response heatmap. The specific steps include the following:

[0041] The real part of the input impedance and the impedance phase corresponding to the transmitting coil are weighted and summed to obtain the electromagnetic response intensity value corresponding to each transmitting coil. The weights used in the weighted summation process are set by the developers. Generally, the weight corresponding to the real part of the input impedance is 0.6 and the weight corresponding to the impedance phase is 0.4. Then, the electromagnetic response intensity values ​​corresponding to all transmitting coils are mapped to a two-dimensional graph according to the position of the transmitting coil, which is called the electromagnetic response graph. Based on the electromagnetic response graph, a connected component operation is performed to obtain several connected component regions. There are overlapping parts between the connected component regions. Each connected component region is assigned a device number and is used as the corresponding response region.

[0042] It should be noted that the process of performing connected component operations generally includes the following steps: First, perform clustering operations on all data points within the electromagnetic response graph. The DBSCAN clustering algorithm can be used to obtain several cluster centers, which are also data points. For each cluster center, perform the following operations: obtain all data points within the 8-neighborhood of the cluster center. If the standard deviation between all data points within the 8-neighborhood of the cluster center and all electromagnetic response intensity values ​​corresponding to the data points corresponding to the cluster center is less than the connectivity threshold (which is also set by the developers), add all data points within the 8-neighborhood of the cluster center to the corresponding connected component region. Each newly added data point is considered as the cluster center for the next round until no new data points are added to the connected component region, thus completing the construction of the connected component region.

[0043] All overlapping data points in the response regions are grouped into a conflict data point set, and the data points in the conflict data point set are deleted from the response regions. A coverage area corresponding to the device number is constructed. The coverage area includes the transmitting coil that performs the charging operation on the corresponding device. Based on all coverage areas and the transmitting coil coupling matrix, a device crosstalk strength influence matrix is ​​constructed. The crosstalk strength influence matrix includes the electromagnetic coupling strength between the corresponding transmitting coils of each device. It can characterize which devices have high coupling strength and should avoid charging simultaneously, and which devices have weak coupling strength and can be charged in parallel without affecting the power-on competition. The size of the transmitting coil coupling matrix is ​​N×N, where N is the total number of transmitting coils. It characterizes the electromagnetic coupling strength between any two transmitting coils and comes from the empty platform calibration operation performed at the factory. An empty platform refers to a charging end without any device to be charged.

[0044] Based on the crosstalk intensity influence matrix, a batch charging start-up operation is performed on all devices to be charged. During the charging process, a TDMA interleaved start-up operation is adopted for the transmitting coils corresponding to the data points with concentrated conflicting data points. It should be noted that the batch charging operation refers to first selecting a group of devices to be charged with weaker mutual crosstalk, allowing them to perform handshake (communication establishment, protocol matching) and low-power stabilization phase (power ramp-up and stability detection for hundreds of milliseconds to several seconds). After the charging input power of this batch of devices is stable, the next batch of devices to be charged is selected for handshake and low-power stabilization phase, until all devices to be charged enter the normal charging mode. By connecting the devices in batches, the problem of some devices repeatedly disconnecting and re-handshaking due to interference when all devices are powered on at the same time can be avoided, thus prolonging the overall start-up time. It also facilitates the management of device charging and improves the system stability of charging. The TDMA interleaved start-up operation refers to performing interleaved start-up on two transmitting coils with concentrated conflicting data points and significant mutual interference, and allocating their start-up time according to the duty cycle. This improves charging efficiency while ensuring that electromagnetic crosstalk does not affect the overall charging efficiency.

[0045] This application performs short-time excitation measurement and high-precision electromagnetic response analysis on an array-distributed transmitting coil platform. It uses the acquired transmitting coil terminal voltage and current signals to calculate the input impedance and impedance phase, and constructs a response heat map covering the entire plate surface, thereby accurately identifying the spatial location and coverage area of ​​multiple devices to be charged. By mapping the response region to a set of device nodes using connected component clustering, and combining the sub-coil coupling matrix obtained from empty platform calibration, the crosstalk intensity influence matrix between devices is derived, enabling a quantitative characterization of the interference relationship between devices. For the charging startup strategy, a graph-based heuristic batch access mechanism is adopted, prioritizing the startup of devices with weak crosstalk and entering the handshake and low-power stable phases, avoiding repeated disconnections and power fluctuations caused by multiple devices powering on simultaneously. Simultaneously, TDMA interleaved startup is used for high-interference transmitting coil pairs, with duty cycle allocation ensuring that charging efficiency is improved while suppressing electromagnetic crosstalk. Through these schemes, the power-on competition effect caused by the non-zero coupling coefficient K and resonant point drift is effectively suppressed, avoiding repeated handshakes and power fluctuations caused by multiple devices starting simultaneously. This improves the stability of multi-device wireless charging, concurrent charging efficiency, and user placement freedom, shortens the overall startup time, and enhances the system's safety and controllability.

[0046] The device crosstalk intensity influence matrix is ​​constructed based on all coverage areas and the transmitting coil coupling matrix, specifically including the following steps:

[0047] For any two devices to be charged, they are designated as the first target device to be charged and the second target device to be charged, respectively. The electromagnetic response intensity values ​​of all transmitting coils within the coverage area corresponding to the first target device to be charged are sorted according to the transmitting coil numbers to form the first target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector. The electromagnetic response intensity values ​​of all transmitting coils within the coverage area corresponding to the second target device to be charged are sorted according to the transmitting coil numbers to form the second target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector. The sorting is generally from smallest to largest, and the transmitting coil numbers are assigned from left to right and from top to bottom according to the electromagnetic response diagram. The range of transmitting coil numbers corresponding to the first target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector is designated as the first target transmitting coil number range, and the range of transmitting coil numbers corresponding to the second target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector is designated as the second target transmitting coil number range. The coupling weight matrix is ​​selected by dividing the first target transmitting coil number range and the second target transmitting coil number range in the transmitting coil coupling matrix. The transpose of the first target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector, the product of the coupling weight matrix and the second target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector are calculated as the crosstalk intensity influence value between the first target device to be charged and the second target device to be charged.

[0048] The crosstalk intensity influence values ​​of all devices are combined into a crosstalk intensity influence matrix. The size of the crosstalk intensity influence matrix is ​​M×M, where M is the total number of devices to be charged. The values ​​on the diagonal of the crosstalk intensity influence matrix are 0.

[0049] The transmitting coil coupling matrix is ​​obtained as follows:

[0050] Based on the empty charging platform, standard excitation operations are first performed on all transmitting coils. Here, standard excitation operation refers to controlling the transmitting coils to execute standard excitation signals set by the developers. Then, the excitation signal of the i-th transmitting coil is modified. The modification range is determined by the developers and is generally fixed. The electromagnetic response intensity change values ​​of the remaining transmitting coils are recorded. The electromagnetic response intensity change value refers to the change in electromagnetic response intensity value compared to the standard excitation operation. The electromagnetic response intensity value is calculated by weighted summation of the real part of the input impedance and the impedance phase of the corresponding transmitting coil. After normalizing all electromagnetic response intensity change values, they are used as the i-th row of the transmitting coil coupling matrix.

[0051] Based on the crosstalk intensity influence matrix, a batch charging start-up operation is performed on all devices to be charged, specifically including the following steps:

[0052] All devices to be charged are grouped into a set of devices to be charged by their corresponding device numbers. Each device to be charged is regarded as a node. If the crosstalk intensity between devices to be charged corresponding to two nodes is higher than the crosstalk intensity threshold, the crosstalk intensity threshold is set by the developers. Feature edges are set between two nodes; and the feature edges connected to each node are recorded as the connectivity of the node.

[0053] Move the device number corresponding to the node with the lowest connectivity in the set of devices to be charged to the first batch set. Then, select the device number corresponding to the node with the lowest connectivity from the set of devices to be charged to form a candidate set. Iterate through the device numbers in the candidate set. If there is no feature edge between the node corresponding to the selected device number and the node corresponding to the device number in the first batch set, move the selected device number from the set of devices to be charged to the first batch set. Then, select the device number corresponding to the node with the lowest connectivity from the set of devices to be charged to form a candidate set. Continue until no device number is moved to the first batch set, thus completing the construction of the first batch set.

[0054] Using the method of constructing the first batch set, subsequent batch sets are constructed for the set of devices to be charged until there are no more elements in the set of devices to be charged. All devices to be charged then perform the charging start operation in the order of the batch sets.

[0055] During the charging process, a TDMA interleaved start operation is performed on the transmitting coil corresponding to the data points in the conflict data point set, which includes the following steps:

[0056] For any two transmitting coils corresponding to data points in the conflict data point set, if the electromagnetic coupling strength of the two transmitting coils in the transmitting coil coupling matrix is ​​higher than the interference threshold (the interference threshold is determined by the developers), the two transmitting coils are recorded as a conflict pair. During the charging process, TDMA interleaved start operation is adopted for the two transmitting coils corresponding to the conflict pair. In the initial state, the duty cycle of the two transmitting coils is generally 50%, which can be further adjusted by reinforcement learning using the overall charging efficiency as the reward value.

[0057] Example 2, a wireless charging power balancing system, see [link / reference] Figure 1 ,include:

[0058] The pre-excitation module is used to control all transmitting coils to perform short-time excitation operations. Specifically, the short-time excitation operation activates the transmitting coils and controls their current signals to a pre-set short-time excitation signal. This short-time excitation signal has parameters set by the developers in advance, such as frequency, duty cycle, and pulse width. The module also samples the voltage and current signals of all transmitting coils at a frequency set by the developers, typically 10 times the short-time excitation frequency. Based on the voltage and current signals of each transmitting coil, the corresponding input impedance and impedance phase are determined. Under the influence of the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil at the charging end and the receiving coil in the device being charged, the short-time-excited transmitting coils can be observed, thereby enabling analysis of the distribution of devices being charged at the charging end and the coupling strength between them. It should be noted that the transmitting coils at the charging end are arranged in an array.

[0059] The device analysis module is used to construct a response heatmap based on the input impedance and impedance phase of each transmitting coil. The response heatmap reflects the electromagnetic response intensity of different locations on the charging end to short-time excitation. If the electromagnetic response intensity is large, it indicates that there is a device to be charged at that location. Then, the device node set is determined based on the response heatmap. The device node set includes the device number and corresponding response area assigned by the charging end to all devices to be charged. Here, the response area refers to a part of the response heatmap.

[0060] The device crosstalk intensity impact analysis module is used to form a conflict data point set from all overlapping data points in the response area, and to delete data points from the conflict data point set from the response area. It constructs a coverage area corresponding to the device number, which includes the transmitting coil that performs the charging operation on the corresponding device. Based on all coverage areas and the transmitting coil coupling matrix, it constructs a device crosstalk intensity impact matrix. This matrix includes the electromagnetic coupling strength between the corresponding transmitting coils of each device, indicating which devices have high coupling strength and should avoid simultaneous charging, and which devices have weak coupling strength and can be charged in parallel without affecting power-on competition. The transmitting coil coupling matrix is ​​N×N, where N is the total number of transmitting coils, and represents the electromagnetic coupling strength between any two transmitting coils. This strength originates from the empty platform calibration operation performed at the factory. An empty platform refers to a charging end without any device to be charged.

[0061] The charging operation module performs batch charging startup operations on all devices to be charged based on the crosstalk intensity influence matrix. During the charging process, it adopts TDMA staggered startup operation for the transmitting coils corresponding to the data points in the conflict data point concentration. It should be noted that the batch charging operation means first selecting a group of devices to be charged with weak crosstalk, allowing them to perform handshake (communication establishment, protocol matching) and low-power stabilization phase (power ramp-up and stability detection for hundreds of milliseconds to several seconds). After the charging input power of this group of devices is stable, the next group of devices to be charged is selected for handshake and low-power stabilization phase, until all devices to be charged enter the normal charging mode. By accessing the charging in batches, the problem of some devices repeatedly disconnecting and re-handshaking due to interference when all devices are powered on at the same time can be avoided, which prolongs the overall startup time. It also facilitates the management of device charging and improves the system stability of charging. The TDMA staggered startup operation means that the two transmitting coils with large mutual interference in the conflict data point concentration are staggered for startup, and the startup time of each is allocated according to the duty cycle. This improves the charging efficiency while ensuring that electromagnetic crosstalk does not affect the overall charging efficiency.

[0062] Example 3: A wireless charging device equipped with the aforementioned wireless charging power balancing system.

[0063] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims. Parts not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A wireless charging power balancing method, comprising: include: When there are multiple devices to be charged on the charging end, all transmitting coils are controlled to perform short-time excitation operations, and the voltage and current signals of all transmitting coils are sampled. Then, the corresponding input impedance and impedance phase of the transmitting coil are determined based on the voltage and current signals of each transmitting coil. A response heatmap is constructed based on the input impedance and impedance phase of each transmitting coil. Then, the device node set is determined based on the response heatmap. The device node set includes the device number and corresponding response area assigned by the charging end to all devices to be charged. All overlapping data points in the response regions are grouped into a conflict data point set, and the data points in the conflict data point set are deleted from the response regions. A coverage area corresponding to the device number is constructed. The coverage area includes the transmitting coil that performs the charging operation on the corresponding device. Based on the coupling matrix of all coverage areas and transmitting coils, a device crosstalk intensity influence matrix is ​​constructed. The crosstalk intensity influence matrix includes the electromagnetic coupling intensity between the corresponding transmitting coils of each device. The size of the transmitting coil coupling matrix is ​​N×N, where N is the total number of transmitting coils, and it represents the electromagnetic coupling strength between any two transmitting coils. Based on the crosstalk intensity influence matrix, a batch charging start operation is performed on all devices to be charged, and a TDMA interleaved start operation is adopted for the transmitting coils corresponding to the data points in the conflict data point set during the charging process. A response heatmap is constructed based on the input impedance and impedance phase corresponding to the voltage and current signals of each transmitting coil. Then, the device node set is determined based on the response heatmap. The specific steps include the following: The real part of the input impedance and the impedance phase corresponding to the transmitting coil are weighted and summed to obtain the electromagnetic response intensity value corresponding to each transmitting coil. Then, the electromagnetic response intensity values ​​corresponding to all transmitting coils are mapped to a two-dimensional graph according to the position of the transmitting coil, which is called the electromagnetic response graph. Based on the electromagnetic response graph, a connected component operation is performed to obtain several connected component regions. There are overlapping parts between the connected component regions. Each connected component region is assigned a device number, and the connected component region is used as the corresponding response region. The connected component operation includes the following steps: First, perform clustering on all data points in the electromagnetic response graph to obtain several cluster centers, which are also data points. For each cluster center, perform the following operation: obtain all data points within the 8-neighborhood of the cluster center. If the standard deviation between all data points within the 8-neighborhood of the cluster center and all electromagnetic response intensity values ​​corresponding to the data points corresponding to the cluster center is less than the connectivity threshold, add all data points within the 8-neighborhood of the cluster center to the corresponding connected component region. Each newly added data point is considered as the cluster center for the next round until no new data points are added to the connected component region, thus completing the construction of the connected component region.

2. The wireless charging power balancing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device crosstalk intensity influence matrix is ​​constructed based on all coverage areas and the transmitting coil coupling matrix, specifically including the following steps: For any two devices to be charged, the two devices are respectively denoted as the first target device to be charged and the second target device to be charged. The electromagnetic response intensity values ​​of all transmitting coils in the coverage area corresponding to the first target device to be charged are sorted according to the transmitting coil number to form the first target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector. The electromagnetic response intensity values ​​of all transmitting coils in the coverage area corresponding to the second target device to be charged are sorted according to the transmitting coil number to form the second target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector. The range of transmitting coil numbers corresponding to the first target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector is denoted as the first target transmitting coil number range, and the range of transmitting coil numbers corresponding to the second target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector is denoted as the second target transmitting coil number range. The coupling weight matrix is ​​selected by dividing the first target transmitting coil number range and the second target transmitting coil number range in the transmitting coil coupling matrix. The transpose of the first target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector and the product of the coupling weight matrix and the second target electromagnetic intensity distribution vector are calculated as the device crosstalk intensity influence value between the first target device to be charged and the second target device to be charged. The crosstalk intensity influence values ​​of all devices are combined into a crosstalk intensity influence matrix. The size of the crosstalk intensity influence matrix is ​​M×M, where M is the total number of devices to be charged.

3. The wireless charging power balancing method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmitting coil coupling matrix is ​​obtained as follows: Based on the empty platform at the charging end, first perform standard excitation operation on all transmitting coils, then modify the excitation signal of the i-th transmitting coil, and record the change value of electromagnetic response intensity of the remaining transmitting coils. The change value of electromagnetic response intensity refers to the change in electromagnetic response intensity value compared to the standard excitation operation. Then, normalize all electromagnetic response intensity change values ​​and use them as the i-th row of the transmitting coil coupling matrix.

4. The wireless charging power balancing method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the crosstalk intensity influence matrix, a batch charging start-up operation is performed on all devices to be charged, specifically including the following steps: All devices to be charged are grouped into a set of devices to be charged by their corresponding device numbers. Each device to be charged is regarded as a node. If the crosstalk intensity between devices to be charged corresponding to two nodes is higher than the crosstalk intensity threshold, a feature edge is set between the two nodes. The feature edge connected to each node is recorded as the connectivity of the node. Move the device number corresponding to the node with the lowest connectivity in the set of devices to be charged to the first batch set. Then, select the device number corresponding to the node with the lowest connectivity from the set of devices to be charged to form a candidate set. Iterate through the device numbers in the candidate set. If there is no feature edge between the node corresponding to the selected device number and the node corresponding to the device number in the first batch set, move the selected device number from the set of devices to be charged to the first batch set. Then, select the device number corresponding to the node with the lowest connectivity from the set of devices to be charged to form a candidate set. Continue until no device number is moved to the first batch set, thus completing the construction of the first batch set. Using the method of constructing the first batch set, subsequent batch sets are constructed for the set of devices to be charged until there are no more elements in the set of devices to be charged. All devices to be charged then perform the charging start operation in the order of the batch sets.

5. A wireless charging power balancing method according to claim 4, characterized in that, During the charging process, a TDMA interleaved start operation is performed on the transmitting coil corresponding to the data points in the conflict data point set, which includes the following steps: For any two transmitting coils corresponding to data points in the conflict data point set, if the electromagnetic coupling strength of the two transmitting coils in the transmitting coil coupling matrix is ​​higher than the interference threshold, the two transmitting coils are recorded as a conflict pair. During the charging process, TDMA interleaved start operation is performed on the two transmitting coils corresponding to the conflict pair.

6. A wireless charging power balancing method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The input impedance and impedance phase of each transmitting coil are determined based on the voltage and current signals of each transmitting coil, specifically including the following: Perform single-frequency orthogonal integration on the voltage and current signals of the transmitting coil within a preset window to construct the corresponding voltage fundamental complex vector and current fundamental complex vector; The ratio of the fundamental complex vector of voltage to the fundamental complex vector of current is calculated as the input impedance, and the phase difference between the fundamental complex vector of voltage and the fundamental complex vector of current is calculated as the impedance phase.

7. A wireless charging power balancing system, characterized in that, The system employs a wireless charging power balancing method according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising: The pre-excitation module is used to control all transmitting coils to perform short-time excitation operations when there are multiple devices to be charged at the charging end, and to sample the voltage and current signals of all transmitting coils, and then determine the corresponding input impedance and impedance phase of the transmitting coil based on the voltage and current signals of each transmitting coil. The device analysis module is used to construct a response heatmap based on the input impedance and impedance phase of each transmitting coil, and then determine the device node set based on the response heatmap. The device node set includes the device number and corresponding response area assigned by the charging end to all devices to be charged. The device crosstalk intensity impact analysis module is used to form a conflict data point set from all overlapping data points in the response region, and to remove data points from the conflict data point set from the response region. It constructs a coverage area corresponding to the device number, which includes the transmitting coil that performs the charging operation on the corresponding device. Based on all coverage areas and the transmitting coil coupling matrix, it constructs a device crosstalk intensity impact matrix, which includes the electromagnetic coupling strength between the corresponding transmitting coils of each device. The size of the transmitting coil coupling matrix is ​​N×N, where N is the total number of transmitting coils, and it represents the electromagnetic coupling strength between any two transmitting coils. The charging operation module is used to perform batch charging start-up operations on all devices to be charged based on the crosstalk intensity influence matrix, and to perform TDMA interleaved start-up operations on the transmitting coils corresponding to the data points in the conflict data point set during the charging process.

8. A wireless charging device, characterized in that, The device is equipped with a wireless charging power balancing system as described in claim 7.

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