Piezoelectric-electromagnetic-triboelectricity composite generator for road vehicle operation energy capture

Abstract

The invention relates to a piezoelectric-electromagnetic-triboelectricity composite generator for capturing running energy of road vehicles. The piezoelectric-electromagnetic-triboelectricity composite generator is composed of a deceleration strip (1), a power transmission part (2), an electromagnetic part (3), a triboelectricity part (4) and a piezoelectric part (5). External excitation is transmitted to each power generation part by adopting a bevel gear set mechanism, so that simultaneous power generation is realized, and the energy harvesting efficiency is improved. The invention relates to the field of nano-generators, in particular to a piezoelectric-electromagnetic-triboelectric composite generator for road vehicle running energy capture.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of nanogenerator, in particular to a piezoelectric-electromagnetic-frictional electric composite generator for capturing energy of highway vehicle operation. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing global energy demand and the increasingly serious environmental problems, the utilization efficiency of traditional energy and the development of renewable energy are particularly important. In the field of transportation, especially in highway transportation, a large amount of mechanical energy is generated during the driving process of vehicles. If these energies can be effectively recycled, not only can they provide energy support for the vehicles themselves, but also can contribute to the energy efficiency of roads and infrastructure. In recent years, research based on "energy capture" technology has become a new research direction, among which piezoelectric, magnetoelectric and triboelectric technologies have attracted widespread attention due to their high efficiency, reliability and environmental friendliness. Energy capture technology refers to the collection and conversion of mechanical, heat, light or vibration energy forms existing in the environment through specific devices, which are converted into usable electrical energy. This technology can effectively provide power support for various devices, especially in the absence of external power supply, which can greatly reduce energy consumption and achieve self-powered devices. During the driving process of highway vehicles, factors such as road vibration, vehicle suspension system swing and friction between wheels and ground will generate recyclable mechanical energy. By integrating different types of energy conversion devices, these energies can be effectively captured and converted into electrical energy, thereby providing power support for road infrastructure, intelligent transportation systems or vehicles themselves. Highway vehicle operation energy capture technology is based on piezoelectric, magnetoelectric and triboelectric composite power generation principle, which has broad application prospects. Through reasonable design and optimization, this technology not only can improve energy utilization efficiency, but also can provide technical support for the development of intelligent transportation systems and sustainable transportation, so it is necessary to design a piezoelectric-electromagnetic-frictional electric composite generator for capturing energy of highway vehicle operation. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a piezoelectric-electromagnetic-frictional electric composite generator for capturing energy of highway vehicle operation, which can not only improve energy utilization efficiency, but also provide technical support for the development of intelligent transportation systems and sustainable transportation.

[0004] The technical means adopted by the present application are as follows: The piezoelectric-electromagnetic-frictional electric composite generator for capturing energy of highway vehicle operation is composed of a deceleration strip, a power transmission part, an electromagnetic part, a frictional electric part and a piezoelectric part. Further, the deceleration strip is fixedly connected with the connecting rod by bolts. Further, the power transmission part is composed of a connecting rod, a moving block, a bevel gear set, a bearing, a transmission rod, a return spring, a slide rail and a slide block, wherein the connecting rod is connected with the moving block by welding, the slide groove on the moving block is matched with the transmission rod in movement, the transmission rod is connected with the rotating shaft of the bevel gear set by welding, the return spring is connected with the moving block by welding, the slide block is connected with the moving block by bolting, and the slide block is matched with the slide rail in movement; Further, the electromagnetic part is composed of a base I, a coil, a magnet I and a rotating shaft, wherein the coil is connected with the base I by interference fit, the base I is connected with the shell by bolting, the rotating shaft is connected with the upper shaft of the bevel gear set by welding, and the magnet I is connected with the rotating shaft by gluing. Further, the triboelectric part is composed of a rotating block, a polyfluoroethylene propylene (FEP) film, a copper foil and a base II, wherein the rotating block is connected with the upper shaft of the bevel gear set by bolting, the polyfluoroethylene propylene (FEP) film is bonded around the rotating block by gluing, the copper foil is connected with the base II by interference fit, and the base II is connected with the shell by bolting. Further, the piezoelectric part is composed of a rotating block, a magnet II, a piezoelectric sheet and a base III, wherein the rotating block is connected with the upper shaft of the bevel gear set by welding, the magnet II is connected with the rotating block and the piezoelectric sheet by gluing, the piezoelectric sheet is connected with the base III by interference fit, and the base III is connected with the shell by bolting. The main principle of the application is that the deceleration belt moves downward under the excitation of an external vehicle, drives the connecting rod to move, drives the moving block to move, drives the transmission rod to rotate in the process of moving, drives the bevel gear set to rotate, drives the electromagnetic part, the triboelectric part and the piezoelectric part to move. In the process of rotating the rotating shaft in the electromagnetic part, the magnet I on the rotating shaft rotates above the coil, and the coil generates electricity according to the electromagnetic law. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the electromotive force V induced in the coil is: em ; Wherein: N N is the number of turns of the coil, Φ= B • A B is the magnetic field strength of the magnet I, and A is the effective area of the coil.

[0005] If the magnet rotates at an angular velocity ω, the rate of change of magnetic flux is: ; ​During the rotation of the triboelectric component, the rotating block will drive the FEP film to rotate as well. The FEP film will undergo contact separation motion on the copper foil, thus generating electricity through electrostatic induction. Voltage V generated by triboelectric effect tribo Related to the amount of charge transferred Q during the contact separation process: ; The capacitance C is determined by the contact area S between the FEP film and the copper foil and the spacing d: ; If the rotating block drives the FEP film to periodically contact the copper foil with an angular velocity ω, the charge transfer amount Q can be modeled as: ; Where σ surf Surface charge density, f ( ωt ) is a contact frequency function.

[0006] The rotation of the piezoelectric part will cause magnet II to rotate together. Magnet II at one end of the piezoelectric sheet will be subjected to magnetic repulsion, causing the piezoelectric sheet to bend. The piezoelectric ceramic material on the piezoelectric sheet will generate electricity due to the piezoelectric effect. Voltage V generated by the piezoelectric effect piezo It is proportional to the mechanical stress σ: ; g It is the piezoelectric voltage constant. t The thickness is the piezoelectric element.

[0007] Assume that magnet II generates a repulsive force F mag The stress σ that causes the piezoelectric element to bend and deform can be expressed as: ; in L , w , t These are the length, width, and thickness of the piezoelectric element, respectively.

[0008] The advantages of this invention are: by employing a bevel gear mechanism to transmit external excitation to each power generation component, simultaneous power generation is achieved, improving energy capture efficiency. Because its operating principle does not depend on fuel supply or complex mechanical structures, the hybrid generator typically possesses high reliability. Furthermore, the cost of maintenance and component replacement is low, which is significant for large-scale power generation systems deployed on roads. Attached Figure Description

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the present application, to provide a clear understanding of the present application, the following will be a brief description of the drawings used in the embodiments, the present application and its description of the illustrative examples for explaining the present application, and does not constitute an undue limitation on the present application.

[0010] Figure 1 For the external structure of the present application schematic diagram.

[0011] Figure 2 For the internal structure of the present application schematic diagram.

[0012] Figure 3 For the power transmission part structure of the present application schematic diagram.

[0013] Figure 4 For the electromagnetic part structure of the present application schematic diagram.

[0014] Figure 5 For the triboelectric part structure of the present application schematic diagram.

[0015] Figure 6 For the piezoelectric part structure of the present application schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. The description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, and by no means as any limitation on the present application and its application or use.

[0017] The detailed content of the present application and its specific implementation scheme will be further described below in combination with the drawings.

[0018] Referring to Figures 1-6 The present application proposes a piezoelectric-electromagnetic-triboelectric composite generator for highway vehicle operation energy capture, which is composed of five parts of deceleration belt 1, power transmission part 2, electromagnetic part 3, triboelectric part 4 and piezoelectric part 5; Further, the deceleration belt 1 is connected and fixed with the connecting rod 2-1 through bolt fixation. Further, the power transmission part 2 is composed of a connecting rod 2-1, a moving block 2-2, a bevel gear set 2-3, a bearing 2-4, a transmission rod 2-5, a reset spring 2-6, a sliding rail 2-7 and a sliding block 2-8, wherein the connecting rod 2-1 is connected with the moving block 2-2 by welding, the sliding groove on the moving block 2-2 cooperates with the transmission rod 2-5 to move, the transmission rod 2-5 is connected with the rotating shaft of the bevel gear set 2-3 by welding, the reset spring 2-6 is connected with the moving block 2-2 by welding, the sliding block 2-8 is connected with the moving block 2-2 by bolting, and the sliding block 2-8 cooperates with the sliding rail 2-7 to move; Further, the electromagnetic part 3 is composed of a base I 3-1, a coil 3-2, a magnet I 3-3 and a rotating shaft 3-4, wherein the coil 3-2 is connected with the base I 3-1 by interference fit, the base I 3-1 is connected with the shell by bolting, the rotating shaft 3-4 is connected with the upper shaft of the bevel gear set 2-3 by welding, and the magnet I 3-3 is connected with the rotating shaft 3-4 by gluing; Further, the triboelectric part 4 is composed of a rotating block 4-1, a polytetrafluoroethylene (FEP) film 4-2, a copper foil 4-3 and a base II 4-4, wherein the rotating block 4-1 is connected with the upper shaft of the bevel gear set 2-3 by bolting, the polytetrafluoroethylene (FEP) film 4-2 is bonded around the rotating block 4-1 by gluing, the rotating block 4-1 and the polytetrafluoroethylene (FEP) film 4-2 rotate simultaneously, the copper foil 4-3 is connected with the base II 4-4 by interference fit, and the base II 4-4 is connected with the shell by bolting; Further, the piezoelectric part 5 is composed of a rotating block 5-1, a magnet II 5-2, a piezoelectric sheet 5-3 and a base III 5-4, wherein the rotating block 5-1 is connected with the upper shaft of the bevel gear set 2-3 by welding, the magnet II 5-2 is connected with the rotating block 5-1 and the piezoelectric sheet 5-3 by gluing, the piezoelectric sheet 5-3 is connected with the base III 5-4 by interference fit, and the base III 5-4 is connected with the shell by bolting; The main principle of the application is that the deceleration belt 1 moves downward under the external driving excitation of the vehicle, the connecting rod 2-1 moves together with the deceleration belt 1, the moving block 2-2 moves together with the connecting rod 2-1, the sliding groove on the moving block 2-2 drives the transmission rod 2-5 to rotate, the transmission rod 2-5 drives the bevel gear set 2-3 to rotate, one gear of the bevel gear set 2-3 rotates, and the other three gears rotate together, and the rotation of the bevel gear set 2-3 drives the electromagnetic part 3, the triboelectric part 4 and the piezoelectric part 5 to move. The rotation of the rotating shaft 3-4 in the electromagnetic part 3, the magnet Ⅰ 3-3 on the rotating shaft 3-4 will rotate above the coil 3-2, and the coil 3-2 will generate electricity through the electromagnetic law; According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the electromotive force V induced in the coil 3-2 is em : ; Where: N N is the number of turns of the coil 3-2, Φ= B • A is the magnetic flux (B is the magnetic field strength of the magnet Ⅰ 3-3, A is the effective area of the coil 3-2).

[0019] If the magnet Ⅰ 3-3 rotates at an angular velocity ω, the rate of change of the magnetic flux is: ; The rotating block 4-1 of the triboelectric part 4 rotates and drives the FEP film 4-2 to rotate, and the FEP film 4-2 will undergo contact and separation motion on the copper foil 4-3, and thus generate electricity through electrostatic induction effect; The voltage V generated by the triboelectric effect is related to the charge transfer amount Q in the contact and separation process: tribo ; Where the capacitance C is determined by the contact area S and the distance d of the FEP film 4-2 and the copper foil 4-3: ; If the rotating block 4-1 drives the FEP film 4-2 to periodically contact the copper foil at an angular velocity ω, the charge transfer amount Q can be modeled as: ; Where σ surf is the surface charge density, f ( ωt ) is the contact frequency function.

[0020] The rotation of the rotating block 5-1 of the piezoelectric part 5 drives the magnet Ⅱ 5-2 to rotate, and the magnet Ⅱ 5-2 at one end of the piezoelectric sheet 5-3 will be subjected to magnetic repulsion, and the piezoelectric sheet 5-3 will be bent. The piezoelectric ceramic material on the piezoelectric sheet 5-3 will generate electricity due to the piezoelectric effect; The voltage V generated by the piezoelectric effect is proportional to the mechanical stress σ: piezo ; g is the piezoelectric voltage constant, t is the thickness of the piezoelectric sheet 5-3.

[0021] Assuming that the repulsive force F​​mag The stress sigma of the piezoelectric sheet 5-3 can be expressed as: ; wherein L , w , t are the length, width and thickness of the piezoelectric sheet 5-3, respectively.

[0022] The advantage of the present application is that the external excitation is transmitted to each power generation part by using the bevel gear set mechanism to achieve simultaneous power generation and improve the efficiency of energy capture. Because its working principle does not depend on fuel supply or complex mechanical structure, the composite generator usually has high reliability. At the same time, the cost of maintenance and replacement of parts is low, which is of great significance for large-scale deployment of power generation systems on roads Finally, it should be noted that specific examples are used in the present application to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made to the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A piezoelectric-electromagnetic-triboelectric hybrid generator for energy harvesting from highway vehicles, characterized in that: This invention consists of five parts: a speed bump (1), a power transmission part (2), an electromagnetic part (3), a triboelectric part (4), and a piezoelectric part (5). The speed bump (1) is fixed to the connecting rod (2-1) by bolts. The power transmission part (2) consists of the connecting rod (2-1), a moving block (2-2), a bevel gear set (2-3), a bearing (2-4), a transmission rod (2-5), a return spring (2-6), a slide rail (2-7), and a slider (2-8). The connecting rod (2-1) is fixed to the moving block (2-2) by welding. The groove on the moving block (2-2) cooperates with the transmission rod (2-5) for movement. During the longitudinal movement of the moving block (2-2), the transmission rod (2-5) rotates along the groove on the moving block (2-2). The transmission rod (2-5) is fixed to the rotating shaft of the bevel gear set (2-3) by welding. The return spring (2-6) is fixed by welding... The method is to connect and fix the moving block (2-2). When the moving block (2-2) moves down to the designated position, it will reset the moving block (2-2) without external force. The slider (2-8) is connected and fixed to the moving block (2-2) by bolts. The slider (2-8) moves in cooperation with the slide rail (2-7) through the slide. The speed bump (1) will move down when it is excited by the external vehicle. The speed bump (1) will drive the connecting rod (2-1) to move together. The connecting rod (2-1) will drive the moving block (2-2) to move together. The moving block (2-2) has a sliding groove. The moving block (2-2) will drive the transmission rod (2-5) to rotate during the movement. The transmission rod (2-5) will drive the bevel gear set (2-3) to rotate during the rotation. When one gear of the bevel gear set (2-3) rotates, the other three bevel gears will rotate together. The rotation of the bevel gears will drive the electromagnetic part (3), the triboelectric part (4) and the piezoelectric part (5) to move.

2. The piezoelectric-electromagnetic-triboelectric hybrid generator for energy harvesting from highway vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic part (3) of this invention consists of a base I (3-1), a coil (3-2), a magnet I (3-3), and a rotating shaft (3-4). The coil (3-2) is connected and fixed to the base I (3-1) by an interference fit. The base I (3-1) is connected and fixed to the outer shell by bolts. The rotating shaft (3-4) is connected and fixed to the upper shaft of the bevel gear set (2-3) by welding. The magnet I (3-3) is connected and fixed to the rotating shaft (3-4) by adhesive. During the rotation of the rotating shaft (3-4) in the electromagnetic part (3), the magnet I (3-3) on the rotating shaft (3-4) will rotate above the coil (3-2). According to the electromagnetic law, the coil (3-2) will generate electricity. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the electromotive force V induced in coil (3-2) is... em for: ； in: N For the number of turns of the coil (3-2), Φ= B • A (where B is the magnetic flux, B is the magnetic field strength of magnet I (3-3), and A is the effective area of ​​coil (3-2). If magnet I (3-3) rotates with an angular velocity ω, the rate of change of magnetic flux is: 。 3. The piezoelectric-electromagnetic-triboelectric hybrid generator for energy harvesting from highway vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triboelectric part (4) of the present invention consists of a rotating block (4-1), a polytetrafluoroethylene propylene (FEP) film (4-2), a copper foil (4-3), and a base II (4-4). The rotating block (4-1) is fixed to the upper shaft of the bevel gear set (2-3) by bolts. The polytetrafluoroethylene propylene (FEP) film (4-2) is glued around the rotating block (4-1) by adhesive, so that the rotating block (4-1) and the polytetrafluoroethylene propylene (FEP) film (4-2) rotate simultaneously. The copper foil (4-3) is fixed to the base II (4-4) by interference fit. The base II (4-4) is fixed to the outer shell by bolts. During the rotation of the rotating block (4-1) of the triboelectric part (4), the FEP film (4-2) will rotate together. The FEP film (4-2) will undergo contact separation movement on the copper foil (4-3), and thus generate electricity through electrostatic induction effect. Voltage V generated by triboelectric effect tribo Related to the amount of charge transferred Q during the contact separation process: ； The capacitance C is determined by the contact area S and the spacing d between the FEP film (4-2) and the copper foil (4-3): ； If the rotating block (4-1) drives the FEP film (4-2) to periodically contact the copper foil with an angular velocity ω, the charge transfer amount Q can be modeled as: ； Where σ surf Surface charge density, f ( ωt ) is a contact frequency function.

4. The piezoelectric-electromagnetic-triboelectric hybrid generator for energy harvesting from highway vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric part (5) of the present invention consists of a rotating block (5-1), a magnet II (5-2), a piezoelectric sheet (5-3), and a base III (5-4). The rotating block (5-1) is connected and fixed to the upper shaft of the bevel gear set (2-3) by welding. The magnet II (5-2) is connected and fixed to the rotating block (5-1) and the piezoelectric sheet (5-3) by adhesive. The piezoelectric sheet (5-3) is connected and fixed to the base III (5-4) by interference fit. The base III (5-4) is connected and fixed to the outer shell by bolts. When the rotating block (5-1) of the piezoelectric part (5) rotates, it will drive the magnet II (5-2) to rotate together. The magnet II (5-2) at one end of the piezoelectric sheet (5-3) will be subjected to magnetic repulsion, and the piezoelectric sheet (5-3) will bend. The piezoelectric ceramic material on the piezoelectric sheet (5-3) will generate electricity due to the piezoelectric effect. Voltage V generated by the piezoelectric effect piezo It is proportional to the mechanical stress σ: ； g It is the piezoelectric voltage constant. t The thickness of the piezoelectric element is (5-3). Assume that magnet II generates a repulsive force F mag The stress σ that causes the piezoelectric element (5-3) to bend and deform can be expressed as: ； in L , w , t These are the length, width, and thickness of the piezoelectric element (5-3), respectively.

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