Single-end alternating type permanent magnet driving device and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-end alternating type permanent magnet driving device and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet driving. The device comprises a shell, two intermittent stators, a rotor, a magnetic isolation layer, a one-way rotating mechanism, an electromagnetic clutch, a phase compensator and a control system. A magnetic circuit between the rotor and the stators is selectively blocked through the magnetic isolation layer, so that the rotor and one stator are always in a non-magnetic isolation state of magnetic repulsive force driving, and the rotor and the other stator are in a magnetic isolation state of mechanical coupling, thereby realizing alternate continuous driving. An intermittent movement mechanism is introduced as an optional scheme, so that the reliability and applicability of the system are further improved. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high efficiency, low noise, continuous output and the like, and is particularly suitable for occasions with high requirements on mute and reliability, such as new energy automobiles, special equipment, industrial transmission and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of permanent magnet drive technology, and in particular to a single-end alternating permanent magnet drive device and its control method based on the alternating action of a single rotor and two stators. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional permanent magnet drive devices mostly operate in continuous mode, resulting in problems such as high energy consumption, high noise, and complex thermal management. Some existing alternating drive schemes attempt to solve the output continuity problem by using multiple rotors, but this leads to new problems such as structural complexity. For example, the multi-terminal alternating device in existing technology (such as publication number CN120474251A) uses two rotors and corresponding stator systems. Although it achieves continuous output, the dual-rotor structure increases the axial dimension of the device, the number of parts, and the requirements for dynamic balance, thereby increasing manufacturing costs and failure rates. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solution that ensures continuous and stable power output while being simpler in structure and lower in cost.

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a single-end alternating permanent magnet drive device and control method that is compact in structure, low in cost, and highly efficient in control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0005] A single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device is characterized by a single rotor cooperating with two intermittent stators. The rotor is positioned between the two intermittent stators, dynamically and alternately entering a magnetically isolated state (mechanical coupling) with one stator and a non-magnetically isolated state (magnetic drive) with the other stator via a magnetic isolation layer. The control system coordinates the actions of the magnetic isolation layer, electromagnetic clutch, and phase compensator to achieve smooth switching between the two states, thereby enabling continuous power output using a single rotor.

[0006] Specifically, this invention application protects a single-end alternating permanent magnet drive device, including a rotor, an intermittent stator, a magnetic isolation layer, an intermittent stator support, a unidirectional rotation mechanism, a transmission wheel, an electromagnetic clutch, a phase compensator, and a control system. The device is characterized by having a rotor; an intermittent stator including a first intermittent stator and a second intermittent stator, respectively disposed on both sides of the rotor and with clearance fitting; a magnetic isolation layer disposed in the air gap between the rotor and each intermittent stator, used to selectively block or conduct the magnetic flux path between the rotor and the stator; an electromagnetic clutch including a first clutch part coaxially connected to the rotor and a second clutch part connected to the intermittent stator, achieving mechanical coupling between the rotor and the intermittent stator in the energized state; a unidirectional rotation mechanism connected to each intermittent stator, used to restrict the intermittent stator to rotate only in one direction; and a transmission wheel, driven by the rotor, for... The system outputs mechanical power; a phase compensator is configured to detect and correct the relative phase between the rotor and the two intermittent stators in real time; a control system is connected to the electromagnetic clutch, the magnetic isolation layer, and the phase compensator. The operating states of the first and second intermittent stators satisfy the following: when one intermittent stator is in a non-magnetically isolated state from the rotor, its corresponding electromagnetic clutch disengages, and the rotor and the intermittent stator remain relatively stationary due to magnetic repulsion, with the rotor independently rotating to drive the transmission wheel and output power; when the other intermittent stator is in a magnetically isolated state from the rotor, its corresponding electromagnetic clutch engages, and the rotor and the intermittent stator are mechanically locked and rotate synchronously, with the magnetic isolation layer blocking the magnetic flux path. The control system is configured to control the first and second intermittent stators to alternately switch between magnetically isolated and non-magnetically isolated states with the rotor, achieving continuous power output.

[0007] The magnetic isolation layer comprises: a. a high magnetoresistive material layer, covering part or all of the magnetic pole region on the rotor or stator surface; b. a dynamic adjustment unit, embedded in the high magnetoresistive material layer, which responds to control signals to change the local permeability to achieve dynamic reconstruction of the magnetic flux path. The magnetic isolation layer can be composed of high magnetoresistive material, composite magnetoresistive material, or a composite structure of one of these materials and the coil. The magnetic isolation layer can be installed in two ways: fixed installation and rotary adjustment installation according to the requirements of the operating environment.

[0008] The electromagnetic clutch is a multi-disc electromagnetic friction clutch. The first clutch part is integrated into the rotor shaft end, and the second clutch part is slidably connected to the intermittent stator support through a spline structure.

[0009] The one-way rotation mechanism includes a ratchet assembly fixed to the device housing; and an overrunning clutch, the inner ring of which is interference-fitted with the intermittent stator shaft, and the outer ring which meshes with the ratchet assembly, restricting the intermittent stator to rotate only in a preset direction.

[0010] The phase compensator includes: a Hall sensor array distributed around the rotor circumference; and a dynamic balancing algorithm module that calculates the phase compensation angle θ based on the sensor signals and achieves phase synchronization by adjusting the activation timing of the magnetic isolation layer. The compensation angle θ satisfies: θ = k · (Δφ / ω), where Δφ is the measured phase difference, ω is the rotor angular velocity, and k is the dynamic correction coefficient.

[0011] This device also includes an intermittent motion mechanism, which adjusts the ratio of rotation to rest time according to the proportion of the magnetically isolated region. Preferably, the intermittent motion mechanism is a Geneva mechanism, an incomplete gear mechanism, or a cam-type intermittent motion mechanism. In a configuration without an intermittent motion mechanism, when the rotor and an intermittent stator are in a non-magnetically isolated state, the electromagnetic clutch corresponding to the intermittent stator is disengaged, and the rotor and the intermittent stator remain relatively stationary by magnetic repulsion. The rotor rotates independently and outputs power through the transmission wheel. When the rotor and another intermittent stator are in a magnetically isolated state, the electromagnetic clutch corresponding to the intermittent stator is engaged, and the rotor and the intermittent stator are mechanically locked and rotate synchronously, with the magnetic isolation layer blocking the magnetic circuit between them. In a configuration with an intermittent motion mechanism: when the rotor is in a non-magnetically isolated state from an intermittent stator, the intermittent motion mechanism on that side is at rest, and there is no transmission between the stator and rotor; the rotor rotates independently to output power. When the rotor is in a magnetically isolated state from another intermittent stator, the intermittent motion mechanism on that side is in operation; the rotor is mechanically connected to the intermittent stator and rotates synchronously, with the magnetic isolation layer blocking the magnetic circuit between them. In embodiments equipped with an intermittent motion mechanism, the electromagnetic clutch is typically kept disengaged, remains closed during operation, and only switches states during start-up, shutdown, or when phase compensation is required.

[0012] In an embodiment without an intermittent motion mechanism, when the rotor is in a magnetically isolated state with a certain intermittent stator, the corresponding electromagnetic clutch engages, causing the rotor to be mechanically coupled and rotate synchronously with the stator; when in a non-magnetically isolated state, the electromagnetic clutch disengages, and the rotor and stator remain relatively stationary due to magnetic repulsion, while the rotor rotates independently and drives the transmission wheel to output power.

[0013] The control system can be externally mounted or built into the device. It can be connected to the device via wired or wireless means.

[0014] The control system executes the following steps: S1. Determine if a start command has been received, enter the initial state judgment, and detect the current equipment fault level; S2. If the fault level is 2, the controller sends a power reduction signal and enters the compensator auxiliary drive mode; S3. If the fault level is 3, the controller sends a stop signal; S4. If the fault level is less than 2: enter the position detection process, the controller determines the relative position of the rotor and the intermittent stator based on the sensor feedback signal, and determines whether the start requirements are met; S5. If the start requirements are not met, start the phase compensator to perform relative position correction until the start requirements are met; S6. If the start requirements are met, enter the start state; S7. Disconnect the electromagnetic clutch on the non-magnetically isolated side and close the electromagnetic clutch on the magnetically isolated side; S8. Calculate the closing time and opening time of the electromagnetic clutch based on the current speed, the response time of the electromagnetic clutch, and the angle that the rotor needs to rotate; S9. Determine if the current speed is less than the fault threshold, and proceed to S7; S10. If the current speed is not less than the fault threshold, proceed to S5.

[0015] The fault level handling includes: Level 1: When performing phase compensation, position calibration is performed through the phase compensator; Level 2: When there is a single-sided intermittent stator system fault, reduced power operation is maintained through the non-faulty side; Level 3: Emergency shutdown is triggered when there is a double-sided intermittent stator system fault or rotor system fault.

[0016] The magnetic isolation layer coverage angle is dynamically adjusted according to the working mode: in range-extending mode, the non-magnetic isolation area accounts for more than 50%; in hybrid mode, the magnetic isolation and non-magnetic isolation areas are approximately equally distributed; in high-speed mode, the magnetic isolation area accounts for more than 50%.

[0017] The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device includes: a magnetic circuit status monitoring unit, which detects the magnetic flux distribution of each phase in real time; a thermal management subsystem, which integrates a temperature-sensitive magnetic insulation layer adjustment mechanism; and a fault prediction module, which predicts the lifespan of the magnetic insulation layer based on historical data.

[0018] The single-end alternating permanent magnet drive device is equipped with an intermittent motion mechanism and is used in the range-extended / hybrid system of new energy vehicles. When applied to new energy vehicles, the electromagnetic clutch is a normally open electromagnetic clutch. The control system is configured to adjust the relative position of the rotor and the intermittent stator through the phase compensator after receiving the start signal. After the position meets the requirements, the electromagnetic clutch is closed and the start device drives the generator to generate electricity.

[0019] The single-end alternating permanent magnet drive device is equipped with an intermittent motion mechanism and is applied to a distributed power generation system. When applied to distributed power generation, the electromagnetic clutch is replaced by a mechanical clutch. The mechanical clutch remains closed after the system is debugged to ensure continuous operation of the device.

[0020] The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device does not have an intermittent motion mechanism and can be applied to direct drive systems in industrial transmissions or new energy vehicles. The rotor and the magnetic isolation layer are both composed of a fixed area made of permanent magnets and a control area made of coils. The initial torque and initial speed of the device are set by adjusting the area ratio of the fixed area and the control area, and the operating speed and output torque of the device are dynamically adjusted by controlling the current flowing into the coils.

[0021] This invention also protects a permanent magnet drive control method, characterized by comprising: in the non-magnetic isolation stage, controlling the corresponding side electromagnetic clutch to disengage, and using the magnetic repulsion between the rotor and the intermittent stator to drive the rotor to rotate with a single degree of freedom; in the magnetic isolation stage, controlling the corresponding side electromagnetic clutch to close and activating the magnetic isolation layer, so that the rotor and the intermittent stator form a rigid connection and rotate synchronously; and by alternately activating the magnetic isolation / non-magnetic isolation states of the first intermittent stator side and the second intermittent stator side, uninterrupted power output is achieved.

[0022] A permanent magnet drive control method also includes a fault handling strategy, which includes: when a fault in a single subsystem is detected, the control device enters a power reduction operation mode, and the power output is maintained by the non-faulty side; when a fault in both subsystems or a serious fault is detected, the control device executes an emergency shutdown procedure.

[0023] The method also includes dynamically adjusting the coverage angle of the magnetic isolation layer according to the application scenario. Specifically, in the range-extending mode that requires high torque output, the proportion of the non-magnetic isolation area is increased; in the hybrid mode that requires balancing efficiency and speed, the magnetic isolation and non-magnetic isolation areas are made approximately equal; and in the mode that requires high speed operation, the proportion of the magnetic isolation area is increased.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0025] To reduce manufacturing costs, a single rotor with a dual intermittent stator structure is used, reducing the number of rotors while ensuring alternating motion.

[0026] To improve reliability, a purely mechanical intermittent motion mechanism is introduced, which is suitable for applications that do not require speed changes (such as grid-connected / off-grid power generation and range-extended electric vehicles), significantly reducing the probability of failure.

[0027] To reduce system energy consumption, the intermittent structure combined with a mechanical clutch means that the system energy consumption comes only from the control system and initial phase compensation, and it can even operate on its own in a purely mechanical state without a control system.

[0028] Highly efficient conversion of magnetic energy. By periodically releasing the inherent magnetic potential energy of the permanent magnet and combining it with dynamic control via an electromagnetic clutch, it achieves significant energy savings compared to traditional permanent magnet motors, reducing operating energy consumption.

[0029] Continuous power output. Alternating operating modes ensure dead-point-free operation and reduce power output fluctuations. The magnetic isolation layer and unidirectional rotation mechanism work together to eliminate the output interruption problem of traditional devices. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device, which is also a schematic diagram excluding the intermittent motion device.

[0032] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram showing that the rotor is in a magnetically isolated state from intermittent stator 1 and in a non-magnetically isolated state from intermittent stator 2.

[0033] Figure 3 : A schematic diagram showing that the rotor is in a non-magnetically isolated state from intermittent stator 1 and in a magnetically isolated state from intermittent stator 2.

[0034] Figure 4 : A diagram of a device that includes an intermittent motion mechanism.

[0035] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the regulation mode. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Specific Implementation Method 1: Reference Figure 1 The diagram shows the overall structure of the device, excluding the layout of the intermittent motion device. 1 is the intermittent stator, 2 is the magnetic isolation layer, 3 is the rotor, 4 is the electromagnetic clutch, 5 is the one-way rotation mechanism, 6 is the rotor mounting bracket, 7 is the intermittent stator drive shaft, 8 is the drive wheel, 9 is the output shaft, 10 is the outer casing, 11 is the control system, 12 is the intermittent stator mounting bracket, and 13 is the phase compensator. The electromagnetic clutch is a normally closed electromagnetic clutch, and is in the closed state when power is off.

[0038] The intermittent stator includes a first intermittent stator 1 (1) and a second intermittent stator 1 (2), which are coaxially arranged with the rotor 3 respectively; a magnetic isolation layer 2 is disposed in the air gap between each rotor and the corresponding intermittent stator, selectively blocking or conducting the magnetic flux path between the rotor and the stator; an electromagnetic clutch 4 includes a first clutch part coaxially connected to the rotor and a second clutch part connected to the intermittent stator, realizing the mechanical coupling between the rotor and the intermittent stator in the power-off state; a one-way rotation mechanism 5 is connected to each intermittent stator, restricting the intermittent stator to rotate only in one direction; a transmission wheel 8 is connected to the rotor for transmission, used to output mechanical power externally; a phase compensator 13 is configured to detect and dynamically correct the phase deviation between the rotor and the stator in real time. This device can be connected to an external or internal control system and signal-connected to the electromagnetic clutch, the magnetic isolation layer and the phase compensator.

[0039] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In order to ensure that the rotor and the intermittent stator are continuously mutually exclusive, this device has one rotor and two intermittent stators. When the rotor is in a magnetically isolated state with the first intermittent stator, it is in a non-magnetically isolated state with the second intermittent stator, and vice versa, thereby realizing alternating drive, which can be specifically manifested as follows.

[0040] When one intermittent stator and rotor are in a non-magnetically isolated state, their corresponding electromagnetic clutches disengage, and the rotor and the intermittent stator remain relatively stationary due to magnetic repulsion. The rotor rotates independently to drive the transmission wheel and output power. When another intermittent stator and rotor are in a magnetically isolated state, their corresponding electromagnetic clutches engage, and the rotor and the intermittent stator are mechanically locked and rotate synchronously. The magnetic isolation layer blocks the magnetic flux path. The control system is configured to control the first intermittent stator and the second intermittent stator to alternately switch between magnetically isolated and non-magnetically isolated states with the rotor to achieve continuous power output.

[0041] from Figure 2 It can be seen that there is a magnetic isolation layer between the rotor and the intermittent stator. The rotor 3 is in a magnetically isolated state from the intermittent stator 1 (1) and in a non-magnetically isolated state from the intermittent stator 1 (2).

[0042] from Figure 3 It can be seen that there is a magnetic isolation layer 2 between the rotor 3 and the intermittent stator 1 (2). The rotor is in a non-magnetically isolated state from the intermittent stator 1 (1) and in a magnetically isolated state from the intermittent stator 1 (2).

[0043] For a detailed implementation method two, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 It includes a schematic diagram of the intermittent exercise device layout.

[0044] In devices containing intermittent motion mechanisms, the electromagnetic clutch can be replaced with a mechanical clutch, which is engaged after phase adjustment. Figure 4 This invention demonstrates the application of an intermittent motion mechanism in this transposition. 1 is the intermittent stator, 2 is the magnetic isolation layer, 3 is the rotor, 4 is the electromagnetic clutch, 5 is the unidirectional rotation mechanism, 6 is the rotor mounting bracket, 7 is the intermittent stator drive shaft, 8 is the drive wheel, 9 is the output shaft, 10 is the housing, 11 is the control system, 12 is the incomplete gear, 13 is the intermittent stator mounting bracket, and 14 is the phase compensator. Under normal conditions, the electromagnetic clutch or mechanical clutch is disengaged. Upon receiving a start signal, the relative position of the rotor and the intermittent stator is determined. If the start conditions are met, the electromagnetic clutch or mechanical clutch is engaged, and the device successfully starts.

[0045] Application Scenario 1: Distributed power generation and new energy vehicle range-extended / hybrid mode.

[0046] Choose a device equipped with an intermittent motion mechanism, such as... Figure 4 As shown, when used in new energy vehicles, the electromagnetic clutch, together with the generator and power battery, forms a system to provide power to the entire vehicle. The electromagnetic clutch is a "normally open electromagnetic clutch." Upon receiving a start signal, it adjusts the relative position of the rotor and the intermittent stator. After the position adjustment is complete, the electromagnetic clutch closes, and the device starts operating, driving the generator to rotate as well. When used in distributed generation, the electromagnetic clutch can be replaced with a mechanical clutch. In this application scenario, frequent starts are not required, and the device does not need to stop operating except under special circumstances. After the unit is assembled, it undergoes commissioning. After commissioning, the mechanical clutch is closed, and the unit can operate normally.

[0047] Application Scenario 2: Industrial sector and direct drive mode of new energy vehicles.

[0048] Choose a device that does not have an intermittent motion mechanism, such as... Figure 1 As shown, in these two application scenarios, the rotor and magnetic isolation layer consist of a permanent magnet and a coil, as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the rotor and magnetic insulation layer are divided into two regions: a fixed region and a control region. In the fixed region, the rotor consists of permanent magnets, and the magnetic insulation layer is composed of magnetic insulating material. In the control region, the rotor and magnetic insulation layer consist of coils. During implementation, the ratio of the fixed region to the control region can be adjusted according to design requirements. Adjusting the ratio of the fixed region allows for the setting of the initial torque and initial speed, while the control region changes the speed and torque.

[0049] It should be noted that the above embodiments are all preferred embodiments, and related functional components can be replaced by other components. The units and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention. The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually.

[0050] The single-end alternating permanent magnet unidirectional drive device and control method provided by the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "middle," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0052] Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0053] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

Claims

1. A single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device, comprising a rotor, an intermittent stator, a magnetic isolation layer, an intermittent stator support, a unidirectional rotation mechanism, a transmission wheel, an electromagnetic clutch, a phase compensator, and a control system, characterized in that, A rotor is installed in the device; The intermittent stator includes a first intermittent stator and a second intermittent stator, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the rotor and are clearance-fitted with it; A magnetic isolation layer is disposed in the air gap between the rotor and each intermittent stator to selectively block or conduct the magnetic flux path between the rotor and the stator. An electromagnetic clutch includes a first clutch part coaxially connected to the rotor and a second clutch part connected to the intermittent stator, which realizes mechanical coupling between the rotor and the intermittent stator when energized. A unidirectional rotation mechanism, connected to each intermittent stator, is used to restrict the intermittent stator to rotate only in one direction; The transmission wheel is connected to the rotor and is used to output mechanical power. A phase compensator is configured to detect and correct the relative phase between the rotor and the two intermittent stators in real time; The control system is signal-connected to the electromagnetic clutch, magnetic isolation layer, and phase compensator. The working states of the first intermittent stator and the second intermittent stator satisfy the following: when one intermittent stator and the rotor are in a non-magnetically isolated state, the corresponding electromagnetic clutch is disengaged, the rotor and the intermittent stator remain relatively stationary due to magnetic repulsion, and the rotor rotates independently to drive the transmission wheel to output power; when the other intermittent stator and the rotor are in a magnetically isolated state, the corresponding electromagnetic clutch is engaged, the rotor and the intermittent stator are mechanically locked and rotate synchronously, and the magnetic isolation layer blocks the magnetic flux path. The control system is configured to control the first intermittent stator and the second intermittent stator to alternately switch between magnetic isolation and non-magnetic isolation states with the rotor, so as to achieve continuous power output.

2. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic insulation layer includes: a. A layer of high magnetic reluctance material covering part or all of the magnetic pole area on the surface of the rotor or stator; b. A dynamic adjustment unit, embedded in a high magnetoresistivity material layer, responds to control signals to change the local permeability to achieve dynamic reconstruction of the magnetic flux path.

3. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic isolation layer is composed of a high magnetoresistive material, a composite magnetoresistive material, or a composite structure of one of these materials and a coil.

4. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic insulation layer can be installed in two ways: fixed installation and rotational adjustment installation according to the requirements of the usage environment.

5. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic clutch is a multi-disc electromagnetic friction clutch, with its first clutch part integrated into the rotor shaft end and its second clutch part slidably connected to the intermittent stator support through a spline structure.

6. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one-way rotation mechanism includes a ratchet assembly fixed to the device housing; and an overrunning clutch, the inner ring of which is interference-fitted with the intermittent stator shaft, and the outer ring which meshes with the ratchet assembly, restricting the intermittent stator to rotate only in a preset direction.

7. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase compensator includes: a Hall sensor array distributed around the rotor circumference; and a dynamic balancing algorithm module that calculates the phase compensation angle θ based on the sensor signals and achieves phase synchronization by adjusting the activation timing of the magnetic isolation layer. The compensation angle θ satisfies: θ = k · (Δφ / ω), where Δφ is the measured phase difference, ω is the rotor angular velocity, and k is the dynamic correction coefficient.

8. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes an intermittent motion mechanism, which adjusts the ratio of rotation to rest time according to the proportion of the magnetically isolated area.

9. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, The intermittent motion mechanism is a Geneva mechanism, an incomplete gear mechanism, or a cam-type intermittent motion mechanism.

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system can be externally mounted or internally mounted in the device.

11. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system can be connected to the device via wired or wireless means.

12. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system performs the following steps: S1. Determine if a start command has been received, enter the initial state judgment, and detect the current device fault level; S2. If the fault level is 2, the controller sends a power reduction signal and enters the compensator auxiliary drive mode; S3. If the fault level is 3, the controller sends a shutdown signal; S4. Fault level less than 2: Enter the position detection process. The controller determines the relative position of the rotor and the intermittent stator based on the feedback signal from the sensor to determine whether the start-up requirements are met. S5. If the startup requirements are not met, activate the phase compensator to perform relative position correction until the startup requirements are met; S6. Startup requirements are met; enter startup state. S7. Disengage the electromagnetic clutch on the non-magnetically isolated side and engage the electromagnetic clutch on the magnetically isolated side; S8. Calculate the engagement and disengagement times of the electromagnetic clutch based on the current rotational speed, the response time of the electromagnetic clutch, and the required rotation angle of the rotor. S9. Determine that the current speed is less than the fault threshold, then proceed to S7; S10. If the current speed is not less than the fault threshold, proceed to S5.

13. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fault level handling includes: Level 1: When performing phase compensation, position calibration is performed through the phase compensator; Level 2: When a single-sided intermittent stator system failure occurs, reduced power operation is maintained through the non-faulty side; Level 3: Emergency shutdown is triggered when there is a fault in the stator system or rotor system on both sides.

14. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coverage angle of the magnetic insulation layer is dynamically adjusted according to the working mode: In range-extending mode, the non-magnetic isolation area accounts for more than 50%; In hybrid mode, the magnetically isolated and non-magnetically isolated regions are approximately equally distributed; In high-speed mode, the magnetically isolated area accounts for more than 50%.

15. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that... Further includes: The magnetic circuit condition monitoring unit detects the magnetic flux distribution in each phase in real time. The thermal management subsystem integrates a temperature-sensitive magnetic insulation layer regulation mechanism; The fault prediction module predicts the lifespan of the magnetic insulation layer based on historical data.

16. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device is equipped with the intermittent motion mechanism and is applied to the range-extended / hybrid system of new energy vehicles. When applied to new energy vehicles, the electromagnetic clutch is a normally open electromagnetic clutch. The control system is configured to: after receiving the start signal, first adjust the relative position of the rotor and the intermittent stator through the phase compensator, and close the electromagnetic clutch after the position meets the requirements, and start the device to drive the generator to generate electricity.

17. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device is equipped with the intermittent motion mechanism and is applied to a distributed power generation system. When applied to distributed power generation, the electromagnetic clutch is replaced by a mechanical clutch, which remains closed after the system is debugged to allow the device to operate continuously.

18. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device does not include the intermittent motion mechanism and is applied to direct drive systems in industrial transmissions or new energy vehicles, wherein... Both the rotor and the magnetic isolation layer are composed of a fixed region made of permanent magnets and a control region made of coils. By adjusting the area ratio of the fixed region to the control region, the initial torque and initial speed of the device are set, and the operating speed and output torque of the device are dynamically adjusted by controlling the current flowing into the coil.

19. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, In a configuration without the intermittent motion mechanism, when the rotor and an intermittent stator are in a non-magnetically isolated state, the electromagnetic clutch corresponding to the intermittent stator is disengaged, the rotor and the intermittent stator remain relatively stationary by magnetic repulsion, and the rotor rotates independently and outputs power through the transmission wheel; When the rotor is in a magnetically isolated state from another intermittent stator, the electromagnetic clutch corresponding to the intermittent stator is closed, the rotor is mechanically locked to the intermittent stator and rotates synchronously, and the magnetic isolation layer blocks the magnetic circuit between them.

20. The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, In the configuration with the intermittent motion mechanism, when the rotor and an intermittent stator are in a non-magnetically isolated state, the intermittent motion mechanism on that side is in a stopped state, and there is no transmission between the stator and the rotor. The rotor rotates independently to output power. When the rotor is in a magnetically isolated state from another intermittent stator, the intermittent motion mechanism on that side is in operation, the rotor is mechanically connected to the intermittent stator and rotates synchronously, and the magnetic isolation layer blocks the magnetic circuit between them.

21. A permanent magnet drive control method, characterized in that, The single-ended alternating permanent magnet drive device according to any one of claims 1-8 comprises: During the non-magnetic isolation phase, the corresponding electromagnetic clutch is disengaged, and the rotor is driven to rotate with a single degree of freedom by the magnetic repulsion between the rotor and the intermittent stator. During the magnetic isolation phase, the corresponding side electromagnetic clutch is closed and the magnetic isolation layer is activated, so that the rotor and the intermittent stator form a rigid connection and rotate synchronously. Uninterrupted power output is achieved by alternately activating the magnetic isolation / non-magnetic isolation states of the first intermittent stator side and the second intermittent stator side.

22. The permanent magnet drive control method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The method further includes a fault handling strategy, which includes: When a fault is detected in a single subsystem, the control device enters a reduced power operation mode, and the power output is maintained by the non-faulty side. When a fault or serious fault is detected in either of the two subsystems, the control unit executes an emergency shutdown procedure.

23. The permanent magnet drive control method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The method also includes dynamically adjusting the coverage angle of the magnetic insulation layer according to the application scenario, specifically: In range-extending mode that requires high torque output, increase the proportion of the non-magnetic isolation area; In hybrid mode where a balance between efficiency and speed is required, the magnetic isolation and non-magnetic isolation regions are made approximately equal. In modes requiring high-speed operation, increase the proportion of the magnetically isolated area.

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