Organic material deep mixing water, soil and fertilizer synergistic improvement device

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic material deep mixing water, soil and fertilizer synergistic improvement device, which relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and comprises a lifting bracket, a coulter, a screen, a fertilizer feeding hopper, a deep scarification cutter and a leveling roller. According to the invention, a continuous treatment mode of firstly shoveling and smashing and then deeply ploughing is adopted, so that the problem that crop root system residues influence synergistic improvement of water, soil and fertilizer is solved, a coulter, a screen, a deep scarification cutter and a leveling roller are horizontally and sequentially arranged, and the coulter shovels up crop root systems remained on the surface layer of soil; the screen cloth separates crop roots from soil and independently crushes the crop roots to guarantee the crushing fineness of the crop roots, the deep scarification cutter can bury the crushed crop roots into the deep layer of the soil while loosening the soil layer, the leveling roller can level and compact the surface layer of the soil, and the soil surface layer is prevented from being damaged. The problem of crop root system residues is solved while soil water, soil and fertilizer collaborative improvement is achieved, and the soil improvement cost is effectively reduced and the improvement efficiency is improved through the integrated operation mode.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery equipment, in particular to a deep mixing water-soil-fertilizer synergistic improvement device for organic materials. BACKGROUND

[0002] Water-soil-fertilizer synergistic improvement is the core direction to improve the quality of cultivated land and realize sustainable development of agriculture. The goal is to simultaneously optimize the soil physical structure, water retention capacity and nutrient supply efficiency to build a healthy root zone environment suitable for crop growth. In this process, effective treatment of the root system (hereinafter referred to as "root stubble") left on the soil surface after the harvest of the previous crop is one of the key links to determine the improvement results. Currently, the mainstream methods for treating root stubble in agricultural production include in-situ crushing and returning to the field and plowing with a share to bury. However, these existing technologies have significant limitations. In particular, the root stubble is not optimally treated, which has a serious negative impact on the synergistic effect of water, soil and fertilizer. Moreover, when these root stubbles that have not been fully crushed remain in the soil surface or shallow layer, they will consume a large amount of available nitrogen and other nutrients in the soil during the decomposition process, forming a fierce "fertilizer competition" situation with the subsequent crop seedlings. The existing technology cannot achieve precise and uniform mixing of root stubble and fertilizer, cannot adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to promote rapid decomposition, and thus cannot convert the root stubble from a "nutrient competitor" to a "nutrient bank".

[0003] The existing root stubble treatment, fertilization, deep plowing and leveling processes rely on multiple single machine operations in steps and multiple times. This fragmented operation mode not only increases the labor and fuel costs and slows down the farm time, but also does not properly connect the links. Although deep application can be achieved by fertilizing first and then deep plowing, it cannot solve the synergistic problem of root stubble and fertilizer at the decomposition level. And although root stubble can be crushed first and then deep plowed, it cannot guarantee that the root stubble is completely buried, and part of the root stubble will still be left on the surface, affecting subsequent operations. This non-integrated operation mode seriously restricts the synergistic efficiency of water, soil and fertilizer in terms of time and space.

[0004] In summary, the existing treatment methods for crop root residues have obvious drawbacks in terms of effect and efficiency, resulting in incomplete soil structure improvement, low water retention and utilization efficiency, and low fertilizer utilization rate, making it difficult to truly achieve the goal of "water-soil-fertilizer synergistic improvement". Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field for a combined tillage equipment that can solve the problem of root stubble treatment in one step, efficiently and completely, and simultaneously achieve deep application of fertilizer and optimization of soil structure, to break through the technical bottleneck of current water-soil-fertilizer synergistic improvement. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a deep mixing water-soil-fertilizer synergistic improvement device for organic materials to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: an organic material deep mixed water-soil-fertilizer synergistic improvement device comprises:

[0007] A lifting support is provided with a traction tractor at one end;

[0008] A plow is provided with a plurality of plows located at one end of the lower surface of the lifting support, and the plurality of plows are used to shovel the crop root system remaining on the surface of the soil together with the soil;

[0009] A screen is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the lifting support, and the screen is used to separate the soil from the crop root system and to preliminarily level the surface layer of the soil. An upper portion of the screen is provided with a mixing cover, the mixing cover is fixedly provided in the middle of the inner side of the lifting support, a lower portion of the mixing cover is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft, and an outer side of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a plurality of rotary cutters for crushing the crop root system;

[0010] A plurality of fertilizer feeding hoppers are fixedly provided above the mixing cover, and the fertilizer feeding hoppers are used to deliver the fertilizer into the mixing cover so that the fertilizer, the crushed crop root system and the surface layer of the soil are mixed and then sprinkled on the surface layer of the soil;

[0011] A plurality of deep scarifiers are rotatably provided inside the lifting support away from the plow at one end, and the plurality of deep scarifiers are all in a “∩” shape structure, and the plurality of deep scarifiers are used to break the surface layer structure of the soil so that the crop root system and the fertilizer enter the deep layer of the soil;

[0012] A flattening roller is provided at one end of the lifting support away from the plow, and the flattening roller is used to level and compact the crushed surface layer of the soil.

[0013] Preferably, the support frame is provided with two groups and is fixedly provided inside the lifting support, the plow is provided with two groups, the two groups of plows are fixedly provided below the two groups of support frames, and the two groups of plows are arranged in a staggered manner;

[0014] An end portion shovel is in a flat structure in cross section and is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the plow, and the end portion shovel is used to insert into the soil layer and shovel up the remaining crop root system;

[0015] A middle portion shovel is in a “<” structure in cross section and is fixedly provided at the middle portion of the plow, and the middle portion shovel is used to shovel off the crop root system.

[0016] Preferably, the support arm is provided with two groups and is rotatably provided at both ends of one side of the screen through a pin shaft, and the top ends of the two groups of support arms are fixedly provided at the bottom end of the mixing cover;

[0017] Spring rods are provided with two groups and are rotatably arranged at both ends of the other side of the screen through the pin shaft. The top ends of the two groups of spring rods are movably connected with the bottom end of the mixing cover through the pin shaft. The spring rods are used to assist supporting the screen and provide a certain activity space for the screen so that the screen does not irregularly shake when screening the soil.

[0018] The earth-entering end is fixedly arranged at one end of the screen close to the plow blade. The earth-entering end is in a sawtooth structure. The earth-entering end is used to be inserted into the surface soil to ensure that the lifted crop root system reaches above the screen.

[0019] Preferably, a transmission shaft is rotatably arranged above the mixing cover. A first gear transmission box is arranged at the middle part of the transmission shaft. The first gear transmission box is used to realize the transmission between the output shaft of the traction tractor and the transmission shaft. A transmission chain is arranged between the two ends of the transmission shaft and the two ends of the rotating shaft. The transmission shaft is driven by the traction tractor to rotate the rotary cutter. A plurality of groups of the rotary cutter rotate to crush the crop root system above the screen.

[0020] A material guiding baffle is rotatably arranged on the side of the mixing cover away from the plow blade. A gap is arranged between the material guiding baffle and the screen. The material guiding baffle, the screen and the mixing cover form a working area for the crushed crop root system. The crushed crop root system and the fertilizer are mixed and then fall through the gap to the surface layer of the soil.

[0021] Preferably, a discharging cavity is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the fertilizer feeding hopper and communicates with the inside of the mixing cover.

[0022] A material guiding roller is rotatably arranged inside the discharging cavity and is surrounded by a plurality of material guiding rods outside. When the material guiding roller rotates, the fertilizer in the fertilizer feeding hopper is pushed into the mixing cover through the material guiding rods to realize the addition of the fertilizer.

[0023] A transmission rod is rotatably arranged above the mixing cover and is fixedly connected with the middle part of the plurality of material guiding rods. A transmission belt is arranged between one end of the transmission rod and one end of the transmission shaft. The transmission rod is used to drive the material guiding roller to rotate to realize the addition of the fertilizer.

[0024] Preferably, a fixed cover is fixedly arranged inside the lifting support.

[0025] Support shafts are provided with a plurality of groups and are rotatably arranged on the lower surface of the fixed cover. The plurality of support shafts are respectively fixedly arranged at the top ends of the plurality of groups of deep scarifiers.

[0026] Transmission gears are provided with a plurality of groups and are respectively fixedly arranged at the top ends of the plurality of support shafts. The plurality of transmission gears are sequentially engaged.

[0027] A second gear box is fixed above the fixed cover and has an output end fixedly connected with a top end of a supporting shaft, and is used to realize transmission between the output shaft of the tractor and the supporting shaft.

[0028] Preferably, the connecting frame is arranged outside the smoothing roller and fixedly installed at one end of the lifting support.

[0029] Preferably, the plurality of earth shoveling knives are arranged below the connecting frame and used to shovel off the earth attached to the surface of the smoothing roller.

[0030] Preferably, the plurality of protruding teeth are arranged outside the smoothing roller and used to make air holes in the surface layer of the soil to ensure the air permeability of the soil.

[0031] Preferably, the bottom ends of the deep scarifier, the plow, the smoothing roller and the screen are arranged in sequence from low to high.

[0032] Preferably, the plow, the screen, the deep scarifier and the smoothing roller are arranged in sequence from low to high.

[0033] The technical effects and advantages of the present application are as follows:

[0034] 1. The present application solves the problem of crop root residue affecting the water-soil-fertilizer synergistic improvement by adopting the continuous processing mode of shoveling and breaking first and then deep plowing, arranges the plow, the screen, the deep scarifier and the smoothing roller in sequence from low to high, shovels up the crop root residue on the surface layer of the soil by the plow, separates the crop root from the soil by the screen and breaks the crop root alone to ensure the fineness of the broken crop root, buries the broken crop root to the deep layer of the soil by the deep scarifier while loosening the soil, and compacts the soil surface layer by the smoothing roller.

[0035] 2. The present application arranges the bottom ends of the deep scarifier, the plow, the smoothing roller and the screen in sequence from low to high, destroys the structure of the surface layer of the soil by the plow while shoveling up the crop root residue on the surface layer of the soil, preliminarily compacts the uppermost layer of the soil by the screen while screening and breaking the shoveling crop root to ensure that the broken crop root and the fertilizer can be uniformly put, and delivers the broken crop root and the fertilizer to the deep layer of the soil by the deep scarifier, so that the crop root and the fertilizer are converted into long-acting organic matter and nutrient bank in the deep layer of the soil, realizes the synergy of the fertilizer, compacts the surface layer of the soil after processing by the smoothing roller, and creates the best conditions for the subsequent water management and seeding, and finally builds a good crop root environment with coordinated water, soil and fertilizer.

[0036] 3、The present application completes the fertilizer collaborative addition by adopting the mode that crop root system crushing and fertilizer addition are synchronous, ensures the crop root system crushing effect and the uniform fertilizer putting at the same time, the crushed crop root system and fertilizer are put after fully mixing, so that the crop root system and fertilizer form stable nutrient bank after entering the deep soil, and the collaborative effect of water, soil and fertilizer is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0038] Figure 2 It is the overall structure bottom view schematic diagram of the present application.

[0039] Figure 3 It is the overall structure side view schematic diagram of the present application.

[0040] Figure 4 It is the structure schematic diagram of the ploughshare of the present application.

[0041] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic diagram of the mixing cover of the present application.

[0042] Figure 6 It is the structure schematic diagram of the screen of the present application.

[0043] Figure 7 It is the structure side view schematic diagram of the mixing cover of the present application.

[0044] Figure 8 It is the structure split schematic diagram of the fertilizer feeding hopper of the present application.

[0045] Figure 9 It is the structure section view schematic diagram of the fertilizer feeding hopper of the present application.

[0046] Figure 10 It is the internal structure schematic diagram of the fixed cover of the present application.

[0047] Figure 11 It is the structure schematic diagram of the deep scarifier of the present application.

[0048] Figure 12 It is the structure schematic diagram of the smoothing roller of the present application.

[0049] In the figure: 1, lifting support; 2, plow; 21, support frame; 22, end shovel; 23, middle shovel; 3, screen; 301, support arm; 302, spring rod; 303, soil entering end; 31, mixing cover; 32, rotating shaft; 33, rotary cutter; 34, transmission shaft; 341, first gear transmission box; 342, transmission chain; 35, material guide baffle; 4, fertilizer feeding hopper; 41, discharge cavity; 42, material guide roller; 421, transmission rod; 43, material guide rod; 5, subsoiler; 51, fixed cover; 52, support shaft; 53, transmission gear; 54, second gear transmission box; 6, smoothing roller; 601, convex tooth; 61, connecting frame; 62, earth shovel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] As Figures 1 to 12 shown, the organic material deep mixing water-soil-fertilizer synergistic improvement device provided by the present application is essentially a continuous treatment mode of first shoveling and breaking and then deep plowing to solve the problem of crop root residues affecting water-soil-fertilizer synergistic improvement. The plow 2, screen 3, subsoiler 5, and smoothing roller 6 are arranged horizontally in sequence. The plow 2 shovels the crop root residues on the surface of the soil, the screen 3 separates the crop roots from the soil and breaks the crop roots separately to ensure the fineness of the broken crop roots, the subsoiler 5 buries the broken crop roots to the deep layer of the soil while loosening the soil, and the smoothing roller 6 compacts the surface of the soil. The above structure solves the problem of crop root residues while achieving water-soil-fertilizer synergistic improvement, and the integrated operation mode effectively reduces the improvement cost of the soil and improves the improvement efficiency.

[0052] In the specific structure installation, the structural body can be constructed according to the inventive concept of the present embodiment, which is not particularly limited in the present embodiment.

[0053] In the present embodiment, an organic material deep mixing water-soil-fertilizer synergistic improvement device comprises:

[0054] The lifting support 1 is provided with a tractor at one end;

[0055] The plow 2 is provided with a plurality of plows 2 located at one end of the lower surface of the lifting support 1, and the plurality of plows 2 are used to shovel the crop root residues on the surface of the soil together with the soil;

[0056] Support frame 21, which is provided with two groups and is fixed in the interior of the lifting support 1, the plow 2 is provided with two groups, two groups of plow 2 is fixed below the two groups of support frame 21, and the two groups of plow 2 are staggered;

[0057] End shovel 22, which is a flat structure and is fixed at the bottom end of the plow 2, is used to insert the soil layer and shovel the residual crop root system;

[0058] Middle shovel 23, which is a "<" structure and is fixed at the middle of the plow 2, is used to cut the crop root system;

[0059] Screen 3 is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the lifting support 1, which is used to separate the soil and crop root system and to preliminarily flatten the soil surface. The upper side of the screen 3 is provided with a mixing cover 31, which is fixed to the inside of the lifting support 1. The lower side of the mixing cover 31 is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft 32, and the outer side of the rotating shaft 32 is fixedly provided with a plurality of rotary cutters 33 for crushing the crop root system.

[0060] Support arm 301, which is provided with two groups and is rotatably provided with a pin shaft on both ends of one side of the screen 3. The top end of the two groups of support arms 301 is fixed to the bottom end of the mixing cover 31.

[0061] Spring rod 302, which is provided with two groups and is rotatably provided with a pin shaft on both ends of the other side of the screen 3. The top end of the two groups of spring rods 302 is movably connected to the bottom end of the mixing cover 31 through a pin shaft. The spring rod 302 is used to assist the support of the screen 3 and provide a certain activity space for the screen 3 so that the screen 3 does not shake irregularly when screening the soil.

[0062] Earth inlet end 303, which is fixed to one end of the screen 3 close to the plow 2, is a sawtooth structure. The earth inlet end 303 is used to insert the surface soil to ensure that the crop root system is lifted to the upper side of the screen 3.

[0063] Transmission shaft 34, which is rotatably provided above the mixing cover 31, is provided with a first gear transmission box 341 in the middle. The first gear transmission box 341 is used to realize the transmission between the output shaft of the tractor and the transmission shaft 34. The transmission shaft 34 is provided with a transmission chain 342 between the two ends of the transmission shaft 34 and the two ends of the rotating shaft 32. The transmission shaft 34 is driven by the tractor to rotate the rotary cutter 33. A plurality of rotary cutters 33 rotate to crush the crop root system above the screen 3.

[0064] Material guide baffle 35, which is rotatably provided on the side of the mixing cover 31 away from the plow 2, is provided with a gap between the material guide baffle 35 and the screen 3. The material guide baffle 35, the screen 3 and the mixing cover 31 form a working area for the crushed crop root system. The crushed crop root system and the fertilizer are mixed and then fall through the gap to the soil surface.

[0065] Fertilizer feeding hopper 4, which is provided with a plurality of and is fixedly arranged above the mixing cover 31, is used for conveying the fertilizer into the mixing cover 31 so that the fertilizer, the broken crop root system and the surface soil are mixed and then spread on the surface of the soil;

[0066] Discharge cavity 41, which is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the fertilizer feeding hopper 4 and is in communication with the inside of the mixing cover 31;

[0067] Guide roller 42, which is rotatably arranged inside the discharge cavity 41 and is surrounded by a plurality of guide rods 43 outside, is used for pushing the fertilizer in the fertilizer feeding hopper 4 into the mixing cover 31 through the guide rods 43 to realize the addition of the fertilizer when the guide roller 42 rotates;

[0068] Transmission rod 421, which is rotatably arranged above the mixing cover 31 and is fixedly connected with the middle part of the plurality of guide rods 43, is used for driving the guide roller 42 to rotate to realize the addition of the fertilizer, and a transmission belt is arranged between one end of the transmission rod 421 and one end of the transmission shaft 34;

[0069] Deep scarifier 5, which is provided with a plurality of and is rotatably arranged inside the lifting support 1 away from one end of the plow blade 2, is in the shape of “∩”, and is used for breaking the structure of the surface soil so that the crop root system and the fertilizer enter the deep layer of the soil;

[0070] Fixing cover 51, which is fixedly arranged inside the lifting support 1;

[0071] Support shaft 52, which is provided with a plurality of and is rotatably arranged on the lower surface of the fixing cover 51, is fixedly arranged at the top end of each group of deep scarifiers 5;

[0072] Transmission gear 53, which is provided with a plurality of and is fixedly arranged at the top end of each support shaft 52, is in meshing with each other;

[0073] Second gear transmission box 54, which is fixedly arranged above the fixing cover 51 and has the output end fixedly connected with the top end of one support shaft 52, is used for realizing the transmission between the output shaft of the tractor and the support shaft 52;

[0074] Leveling roller 6, which is arranged at one end of the lifting support 1 away from the plow blade 2, is used for leveling and compacting the broken surface soil;

[0075] Connecting frame 61, which is arranged outside the leveling roller 6 and is fixedly installed at one end of the lifting support 1;

[0076] Shovel knife 62, which is provided with a plurality of and is fixedly arranged below the connecting frame 61, is used for shoveling the mud attached to the surface of the leveling roller 6;

[0077] The convex teeth 601 are provided on the outside of the smoothing roller 6 in multiple groups and are arranged around the smoothing roller 6, and the convex teeth 601 are used to punch air holes in the soil surface to ensure the air permeability of the soil. The multiple groups of convex teeth 601 are staggered with the multiple groups of earth shovels 62. It should be noted that the thickness of the convex teeth 601 is relatively thin, and the convex teeth 601 cut into the soil surface during the rolling process of the smoothing roller 6, so that the soil surface forms relatively thin air holes during the compaction process, which ensures the air permeability effect while not affecting the effect of blocking water vapor of the soil surface.

[0078] The bottom end heights of the subsoiler 5, the plow blade 2, the smoothing roller 6, and the screen 3 are sequentially increased, and the plow blade 2, the screen 3, the subsoiler 5, and the smoothing roller 6 are sequentially arranged horizontally.

[0079] When the organic material deep mixing water-soil-fertilizer synergistic improvement device is used, the lifting support 1 is installed at the tail of the traction tractor through bolts and hydraulic rods. When the lifting support 1 reaches the soil improvement operation area by following the traction tractor, the lifting support 1 is slowly lowered by controlling the hydraulic rod to be pushed out until the plow blade 2 at the bottom of the lifting support 1 is inserted into the soil surface. At this time, the soil-entering end 303 of one end of the screen 3 is attached to the soil surface, the subsoiler 5 is inserted into the deep soil, and the smoothing roller 6 is pressed on the soil surface. At this time, the fertilizer can be put into the fertilizer feeding hopper 4. During this process, the device completes the preparation before the soil improvement operation.

[0080] The device is moved on the soil by starting the traction tractor. During the movement, the end shovel 22 at the bottom end of the plow blade 2 moves on the soil surface, so that the structure of the soil surface is destroyed. At the same time, the end shovel 22 drags the crop roots when it contacts the crop roots remaining in the soil surface, so that the crop roots are dragged upward. After the crop roots are dragged up, they first slide along the surface of the plow blade 2 toward the obliquely upward direction, and then are cut off by the middle shovel 23 in the middle of the plow blade 2. Part of the crop roots are not cut off due to insufficient stress caused by their short length. After the crop roots are separated from the middle shovel 23, they fall on the soil surface. During this process, the structure of the soil surface is destroyed, and the crop roots remaining in the soil are dragged out and preliminarily broken. At this time, the soil surface forms part of small pits due to the crop roots being dragged up.

[0081] After the crop roots are dug up, as the tractor moves, the screen 3 reaches the area where the crop was dug up. At this time, the crop roots dug up from the soil surface reach the top of the screen 3 under the guidance of the soil entry end 303. At this time, the output shaft of the tractor drives the transmission shaft 34 to rotate through the first gear transmission box 341. The transmission shaft 34 drives the rotating shaft 32 to rotate through the transmission chain 342. The rotating shaft 32 drives the rotary cutter 33 to rotate. During the rotation of the rotary cutter 33, it collides with the crop roots above the screen 3. The crop roots are gradually broken up by the collision of the high-speed rotating rotary cutter 33. At the same time, the soil attached to the crop roots is scattered due to the collision of the rotary cutter 33. The scattered soil passes through the screen 3 and falls back to the soil surface. The crop roots are continuously collided by the rotary cutter 33 above the screen 3 until they are completely broken up. In this process, the crop roots can be broken up. In addition, the soil entry end 303 initially levels the soil surface.

[0082] During the process of crushing crop roots, the drive shaft 34 drives the drive rod 421 to rotate via the drive belt. The drive rod 421 drives the guide roller 42 to rotate. During the rotation, the guide roller 42 pushes the fertilizer in the fertilizer feeding hopper 4 through the guide rod 43, so that the fertilizer is pushed into the mixing hood 31. After entering the mixing hood 31, the fertilizer is hit by the rotary cutter 33 and mixed with the crushed crop roots. As the fertilizer and crop roots accumulate in the mixing hood 31, some crop roots are shorter due to being crushed to a certain extent. The probability of these shorter crop roots colliding with the rotary cutter 33 is reduced, and they are more likely to be thrown out. These crop roots and fertilizer are thrown out through the gap between the screen 3 and the guide baffle 35. These crop roots and fertilizer are sprinkled on the initially leveled soil surface. In this process, the crushed crop roots and fertilizer can be applied.

[0083] After the crop roots and fertilizer are applied, the deep loosening blades 5 move to this area. At this time, the tractor drives the support shaft 52 and multiple sets of deep loosening blades 5 to rotate through the second gear transmission box 54. The multiple sets of deep loosening blades 5 move forward slowly during the rotation. The rotating deep loosening blades 5 completely destroy the surface and deep soil structure. Furthermore, since the deep loosening blades 5 are in a rotating state, the soil structure is destroyed, forming a downward circular channel. At this time, the surface soil mixed with the crushed crop roots and fertilizer falls through the circular channel. In this process, the crop roots and fertilizer can be buried into the deep soil and the soil can be loosened. The crop roots and fertilizer are transformed into long-lasting organic matter and nutrient reservoirs in the deep soil, realizing the synergistic effect of "fertilizer".

[0084] After the deep loosening blade 5 loosens the soil, the leveling roller 6 rolls through this area. The leveling roller 6 uses its own weight and the pressure generated by the hydraulic rod on the lifting support 1 to level and compact the surface soil, so that the surface soil forms a compact layer, resulting in a layered structure with a solid top and a loose bottom. The compacted surface soil can close large gaps and cut off the water evaporation channels to achieve the effect of water retention and moisture retention, thus achieving the synergy of "water". In addition, the compacted and leveled surface soil forms a seedbed that is conducive to sowing, ensuring that subsequent crops are sown at a consistent depth, thus achieving the synergy of "soil". At the same time, the compacted surface soil can reduce the volatilization rate of fertilizer, ensuring the long-term effect of fertilizer, thus achieving the synergy of "fertilizer". In this process, the soil improvement operation is completed.

[0085] It should be noted that the fertilizers involved in this embodiment can be nitrogen fertilizers, organic fertilizers, etc., and there are no restrictions on them as long as the normal implementation of this embodiment is guaranteed. In this embodiment, the height of the deep loosening blade 5, the plow blade 2, the leveling roller 6, and the screen 3 are determined by the soil type. For example, when treating soils with shallow roots and stems such as corn and soybeans, the plow blade 2 penetrates to a depth of 3-5 cm, and the deep loosening blade 5 penetrates to a depth of 25-35 cm. In this embodiment, the deep loosening blade 5, the plow blade 2, the leveling roller 6, and the screen 3 are all installed and fixed with bolts, and they can be disassembled and adjusted individually.

[0086] It should be further noted that the output shaft of the tractor, the first gear transmission box 341, and the second gear transmission box 54 in this embodiment all adopt the corresponding structures in the prior art. They are also equipped with couplings, shafts, and other transmission components. Under the condition of ensuring the normal implementation of this embodiment, the above structures can be installed and arranged using the prior art.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for the synergistic improvement of soil and fertilizer through deep mixing of organic materials with water, characterized in that, include: A lifting support (1) is provided at one end with a tractor; The plow blades (2) are provided in multiple manner and are all located at one end of the lower surface of the lifting bracket (1). The multiple plow blades (2) are used to scoop up the crop roots remaining on the soil surface along with the soil. A screen (3) is located in the middle of the lower surface of the lifting support (1). The screen (3) is used to separate the soil from the crop roots and to initially flatten the soil surface. A mixing cover (31) is provided above the screen (3). The mixing cover (31) is fixedly located in the middle of the inner side of the lifting support (1). A rotating shaft (32) is rotatably provided below the mixing cover (31). Multiple rotary cutters (33) for crushing crop roots are fixedly provided on the outer side of the rotating shaft (32). The fertilizer feeding hopper (4) is provided in multiple and is fixedly installed above the mixing hood (31). The fertilizer feeding hopper (4) is used to transport fertilizer into the mixing hood (31) so that the fertilizer, crushed crop roots and topsoil are mixed and then sprinkled on the soil surface. Deep loosening blades (5) are provided in multiple sets, each of which can be rotated, located inside the lifting bracket (1) at one end away from the plow blade (2). All of the deep loosening blades (5) are "∩" shaped structures. The deep loosening blades (5) are used to break up the surface soil structure so that crop roots and fertilizer can enter the deep soil layer. A leveling roller (6) is located at one end of the lifting bracket (1) away from the plow (2). The leveling roller (6) is used to level and compact the broken soil surface.

2. The organic material deep mixing water and soil synergistic improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The support frame (21) has two sets, both of which are fixed inside the lifting bracket (1). The plow blade (2) has two sets, and the two sets of plow blades (2) are respectively fixed below the two sets of support frames (21), and the two sets of plow blades (2) are staggered. The end shovel (22) has a flat cross-section and is fixed at the bottom of the plow blade (2). The end shovel (22) is used to insert into the soil and shovel up the remaining crop roots. The central shovel (23) has a cross-section with a "<" structure and is fixed in the middle of the plow blade (2). The central shovel (23) is used to cut off the root system of the crop that will be shoveled up.

3. The organic material deep mixing water and soil synergistic improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The support arm (301) is provided in two sets and is rotatably disposed at both ends of one side of the screen (3) via pins. The top ends of the two sets of support arms (301) are fixed to the bottom end of the mixing hood (31). Two sets of spring rods (302) are provided and are rotatably located at both ends of the other side of the screen (3) via pins. The top ends of the two sets of spring rods (302) are movably connected to the bottom end of the mixing cover (31) via pins. The spring rods (302) are used to assist in supporting the screen (3) and to provide a certain amount of space for the screen (3) to move so that the screen (3) shakes irregularly when screening soil. The soil-entry end (303) is fixedly installed at one end of the screen (3) near the plow blade (2). The soil-entry end (303) has a serrated structure and is used to insert into the surface soil to ensure that the crop roots that are shoveled reach above the screen (3).

4. The organic material deep mixing water and soil synergistic improvement device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A drive shaft (34) is rotatably disposed above the mixing hood (31). A first gear transmission box (341) is provided in the middle of the drive shaft (34). The first gear transmission box (341) is used to realize the transmission between the output shaft of the traction tractor and the drive shaft (34). A transmission chain (342) is provided between the two ends of the drive shaft (34) and the two ends of the rotating shaft (32). The drive shaft (34) drives the rotary cutter (33) to rotate with the traction tractor as power. Multiple sets of rotary cutters (33) rotate to crush the crop roots above the screen (3). A guide baffle (35) is rotatably disposed on the side of the mixing hood (31) away from the plow (2), and there is a gap between the guide baffle (35) and the screen (3). The guide baffle (35), the screen (3) and the mixing hood (31) form an operating area for the crop roots to be crushed. After the crushed crop roots are mixed with fertilizer, they pass through the gap and are scattered on the soil surface.

5. The organic material deep mixing water and soil synergistic improvement device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The discharge chamber (41) is fixedly located at the bottom end of the fertilizer feeding hopper (4) and communicates with the inside of the mixing hood (31); The guide roller (42) is rotatably located inside the discharge chamber (41) and surrounded by multiple sets of guide rods (43). When the guide roller (42) rotates, it pushes the fertilizer inside the fertilizer feeding hopper (4) into the mixing hood (31) through the guide rods (43) to achieve the addition of fertilizer. A transmission rod (421) is rotatably disposed above the mixing hood (31) and fixedly connected to the middle of multiple guide rods (43). A transmission belt is provided between one end of the transmission rod (421) and one end of the transmission shaft (34). The transmission rod (421) is used to drive the guide roller (42) to rotate in order to add fertilizer.

6. The organic material deep mixing water and soil synergistic improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The fixed cover (51) is fixedly installed inside the lifting bracket (1); Support shafts (52) are provided, and multiple of them are rotatably disposed on the lower surface of the fixed cover (51). The multiple support shafts (52) are respectively fixed on the top of multiple sets of deep loosening knives (5). The transmission gears (53) are provided in multiple and are respectively fixed on the top of multiple support shafts (52), and the multiple transmission gears (53) mesh in sequence; The second gear transmission box (54) is fixedly mounted above the fixed cover (51) and its output end is fixedly connected to the top of a support shaft (52). The second gear transmission box (54) is used to realize the transmission between the output shaft of the traction tractor and the support shaft (52).

7. The organic material deep mixing water and soil synergistic improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A connecting frame (61) is located on the outside of the leveling roller (6) and fixedly installed at one end of the lifting bracket (1); A shovel blade (62) is provided, and all of them are fixedly installed below the connecting frame (61). The shovel blade (62) is used to remove the soil attached to the surface of the leveling roller (6).

8. The organic material deep mixing water and soil synergistic improvement device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The convex teeth (601) are provided in multiple sets and are arranged around the outside of the leveling roller (6). The convex teeth (601) are used to make air holes in the soil surface to ensure the soil permeability. The multiple sets of convex teeth (601) are arranged alternately with multiple sets of shovel blades (62).

9. The organic material deep mixing water and soil synergistic improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The bottom heights of the deep loosening knife (5), the plow (2), the leveling roller (6), and the screen (3) increase sequentially.

10. The organic material deep mixing water and soil synergistic improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The plow (2), screen (3), deep loosening knife (5) and leveling roller (6) are arranged horizontally in sequence.

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