Automatic tobacco strip briquetting device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic tobacco strip briquetting device and a using method thereof.The device comprises a cross feeding machine shell, a vibration feeding device, a tobacco box and the like, the cross feeding machine shell comprises a transverse groove and a vertical groove, the vibration feeding device extends into a feeding groove opening, a material uniformizing roller is arranged in the groove, the transverse groove is provided with a conveying belt, a guide plate and an adjusting mechanism, and a hydraulic cylinder with a pressing head is arranged on the upper portion of the transverse groove; the pressure head is provided with a detection device and a vertical groove sleeve telescopic cover. During use, vibration feeding and uniform material distribution of the material uniformizing roller are achieved, the conveying belt is matched with the guide plate to adjust the material distribution position, the hydraulic cylinder drives the pressing head and the pressing block, the detection device detects the compactness, the pressure and the deviation rate are calculated through a formula, the rotating speed of the material uniformizing roller, the angle of the guide plate and the like are adjusted according to feedback, and closed-loop control is achieved. The device can uniformly distribute materials, detect and feed back the local compactness of tobacco blocks, solve the problem of large pressure deviation of tobacco sheets in the box, and improve the material distribution uniformity and the briquetting quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tobacco processing technology, specifically to an automatic tobacco pressing device and its method of use for uniformly distributing and pressing tobacco flakes. Background Technology

[0002] In the tobacco processing industry, after threshing and re-drying, the tobacco flakes typically need to be compacted and packed into boxes to meet circulation requirements. By packing the tobacco flakes into boxes and compressing them into rectangular blocks, the volume utilization rate of the tobacco box can be significantly improved. After compaction, the volume of the tobacco flakes is greatly reduced, allowing more tobacco flakes to be packed for the same weight, thereby reducing equipment idle time and increasing overall production efficiency by about 20%. On the other hand, it can effectively reduce tobacco flake loss and improve quality. It can not only reduce tobacco dust spillage and ground pollution, reducing raw material waste by 10-15%, but also maintain tobacco flake uniformity by reducing pressure deviation within the box, reducing the risk of tobacco leaf oil pressing, and improving the aging quality of re-dried tobacco flakes.

[0003] However, existing briquetting processes suffer from uneven packing of tobacco leaves within the box. When the pressure deviation rate within the tobacco box exceeds 8%, it easily leads to phenomena such as tobacco leaf clumping, oiling, and charring, directly affecting the quality of the finished cigarette product. Although the invention patent with publication number CN110745288B discloses a device for detecting the compactness of re-dried finished product packing and for uniform material distribution, this device has significant defects in practical applications: when the tobacco leaves enter the pre-compression chamber via the feeding belt, they often fall in clumps, resulting in uneven distribution. Even with an air jet uniform material distribution device installed on the side wall, its airflow adjustment range is relatively limited, and its effect on improving the uniformity of distribution is insufficient. At the same time, the device cannot detect the local compactness of the tobacco blocks in real time, making it difficult to achieve effective feedback control of the distribution process. This results in a general pressure deviation rate of tobacco leaves within the box exceeding 10%, failing to meet the quality requirements of high-end cigarettes.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, while existing technologies can improve fabric uniformity through mechanical stirring or the addition of guide plates, they lack a systematic solution that combines pressure detection and closed-loop control. In particular, they lack a quantitative adjustment mechanism based on pressure deviation rate, making it difficult to achieve precise control of the tobacco briquetting process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problems of uneven material distribution, large pressure deviation, and inability to detect local compaction in existing tobacco briquetting technology. It proposes an automatic tobacco briquetting device and its usage method. Through the synergistic effect of vibration feeding, multi-stage uniform material distribution, pressure detection, and closed-loop feedback control, uniform distribution of tobacco leaves within the tobacco box is achieved, reducing the pressure deviation rate to below 5%, improving the quality and production efficiency of tobacco briquetting, and meeting the stringent quality requirements of high-end cigarettes.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An automatic tobacco briquetting device includes a cross-feed housing, a vibrating feeding device, a tobacco box, a base plate, and a weighing device. The cross-feed housing is inverted U-shape and includes a transverse groove and two vertical grooves on both sides. A feed inlet is provided above the transverse groove, and the two sides of the transverse groove are connected to the vertical grooves. The end of the vibrating feeding device extends into the feed inlet, and multiple equalizing rollers are rotatably arranged inside the feed inlet. Each equalizing roller is individually controlled by a first servo motor. A conveyor belt is transversely arranged inside the transverse groove, and guide plates are provided at both ends of the transverse groove, with a weighing device on the outside of the transverse groove. The adjustment mechanism includes a horizontal cylinder, a second servo motor, a reciprocating lead screw, and a connecting rod. A hydraulic cylinder is installed at the top of the horizontal groove, with its extension end connected to a pressure head. Nine mounting holes are arranged in an array at the bottom of the pressure head, and a detection device consisting of a lower pressure head, a spring, and a pressure sensor is installed inside each hole. A telescopic cover is fitted at the bottom of the vertical groove, and the vertical groove is driven to extend and retract by a vertical cylinder. The bottom plate supports the cross-feed machine housing through a support plate, and a weighing device is installed on the bottom plate and located directly below the telescopic cover. The pressure head consists of a pressure head base and a pressure head cover plate connected by screws.

[0008] Furthermore, in the adjustment mechanism, the shaft ends on both sides of the guide plate are slidably disposed in the strip-shaped holes on the side wall of the transverse groove. The mounting plate is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw through a screw sleeve. The push-out end of the transverse cylinder is rotatably connected to the shaft end of the guide plate through a connecting rod. The second servo motor drives the reciprocating screw to drive the mounting plate to slide along the support rail, thereby realizing the horizontal movement and tilt angle adjustment of the guide plate. The tilt angle adjustment range of the guide plate is -60° to 60°, and the horizontal movement stroke is 50-150mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the nine mounting holes on the base of the pressure head are distributed in a 3×3 matrix, corresponding to the nine detection areas inside the cigarette box; the pressure head cover plate is provided with wiring through holes; in the detection device, the lower pressure head and the upper pressure head are connected by a column, the lower pressure head is slidably mounted at the lower port of the mounting hole, and a pressure sensor is provided at the upper port of the mounting hole, with a spring connecting the pressure sensor and the lower pressure head; the pressure sensor is a strain gauge pressure sensor with a range of 0-500kPa and an accuracy of ±0.1kPa.

[0010] Furthermore, the telescopic cover is made of flexible sealing material. In the initial state, the distance between the bottom end and the weighing device is 500-800mm. When the vertical cylinder is pushed out, it completely covers the smoke box. The gap between the inner wall of the telescopic cover and the vertical groove and the outer wall of the smoke box is less than 2mm.

[0011] On the other hand, based on the above-mentioned automatic tobacco briquetting device, the present invention also provides a method of using the automatic tobacco briquetting device, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1. System Initialization: Set the initial position of the guide plate to the optimal position when producing smoke in the middle. At this position, the cylinder push-out stroke is 150-200mm, and the guide plate is tilted at 25°-35°. Define the length direction of the smoke box as rows, represented by L, M, and R, and the width direction as columns, represented by 1, 2, and 3. Divide the inside of the smoke box into 9 detection areas: L1-L3, M1-M3, and R1-R3.

[0013] S2. Flake Tobacco Feeding and Distribution: The vibrating feeder feeds the flake tobacco into the feed trough at a frequency of 30-80Hz to prevent accumulation during feeding; multiple distribution rollers evenly distribute the incoming flake tobacco, and the rotation speed and direction of the distribution rollers are adjusted using the following formula:

[0014] ;

[0015] in, For the first Adjusting the rotation speed of each leveling roller The initial rotational speed of the leveling roller is 40-60 r / min. This is the speed adjustment coefficient, with a value ranging from 0.8 to 1.2. This represents the average pressure value at nine points detected by the testing device. For the first The pressure value of the area corresponding to each equalizing roller; when Less than At that time, increase This allows more materials to be allocated to that area; when Greater than When, decrease This reduces the amount of material entering the area.

[0016] S3. Tobacco Flake Conveying and Guide Plate Adjustment: The conveyor belt transports the tobacco flakes to the transverse trough at a speed of 0.5-1.2 m / s. The tilt and horizontal movement of the guide plate are adjusted by an adjusting mechanism to regulate the placement of the tobacco flakes. The tilt of the guide plate is controlled by a transverse cylinder, and the horizontal movement is controlled by a second servo motor and a reciprocating lead screw. The formula for adjusting the tilt of the guide plate is:

[0017]

[0018] in, The tilt angle of the guide plate after adjustment. The initial tilt angle of the guide plate is 0 degrees. This is the tilt angle adjustment coefficient, which takes a positive or negative value based on the translation position. For the target fabric pressure, This refers to the actual fabric pressure detected.

[0019] S4. Tobacco Flake Compression and Inspection: The hydraulic cylinder drives the pressing head at a speed of 0.2-0.5 m / s to compress the tobacco flakes. A detection device on the pressing head detects the degree of compression. The working principle of the detection device is as follows: the lower pressing head contacts the tobacco flakes and transmits pressure to the pressure sensor via a spring. As the pressure on the lower pressing head increases, the upper pressing head contacts the pressure sensor. The local compaction of the tobacco flakes is determined by detecting the pressure values ​​of each pressure sensor. The pressure detection formula is: in, The detected pressure value, The spring constant is 10-20 N / mm. This represents the displacement of the downward pressing head. The initial pressure value is 5-10 N;

[0020] S5. Pressure Deviation Analysis: Based on the pressure values ​​detected by the detection device at 9 points, calculate the pressure value and pressure deviation rate of the tobacco leaves inside the tobacco box. The formula for calculating the pressure deviation rate is: in, P represents the pressure deviation rate, where P is the standard deviation of the pressure values ​​at the nine points. The average pressure value at 9 points;

[0021] S6. Feedback Adjustment: Based on the pressure deviation rate and the pressure values ​​at each point, feedback adjustment is performed: Column Pressure Adjustment: Calculate the pressure difference between columns 1, 2, and 3. Calculate the average pressure value at 9 points: P like The guide plate extends 1 / 4 of the length of the vertical groove, and the angle of the guide plate increases by 0.5-2 degrees; if The angle of the guide plate is reduced by 0.5-2 degrees, causing the tobacco flakes to fall towards the first column on the side; if The guide plate extends 3 / 4 of the length of the vertical groove, and the angle of the guide plate decreases by 0.5-2 degrees; if Adjust the guide plate angle by 0.5-2 degrees to make the tobacco flakes fall towards the third column on the side; if P The guide plate extends 2 / 4 of the length of the vertical groove, and swings back and forth by ±0.5-2 degrees to distribute the material to both ends; if Adjust the guide plate angle to 0 degrees;

[0022] S7 Cycle Control: Repeat steps S2-S6, checking the pressure deviation rate after each cycle until the pressure deviation rate of the tobacco in the tobacco box is less than 5%.

[0023] Furthermore, in the feedback adjustment, when the column pressure difference... Increase the angle of the guide plate. Reduce the guide plate angle as needed; during the adjustment process, each adjustment should not exceed ±10% of the initial value, and the adjustment frequency should be 2-5 times per minute.

[0024] Furthermore, when the pressure deviation rate is less than 5%, the system automatically records parameters such as the current rotation speed of the equalizing roller, the angle of the guide plate, and the position of the guide plate, as preset parameters for the same type of sheet tobacco pressing block.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. Significantly improved uniformity of tobacco sheet distribution: The vibrating feeder evenly feeds tobacco sheets into the feed trough at a frequency of 30-80Hz, in conjunction with 4-6 independently servo-motor driven leveling rollers, with speed adjustment formulas... The material feed rate in each zone is dynamically adjusted. When the pressure value in a certain zone is lower than the average, the corresponding distribution roller speed is increased to distribute more material to that zone; conversely, the speed is reduced. In practical applications, the uniformity of tobacco flake distribution in the width direction of the conveyor belt is improved by 30%, effectively avoiding the local accumulation problem caused by traditional pile feeding, and laying the foundation for the pressure uniformity of subsequent briquetting.

[0027] 2. Significantly reduced pressure deviation rate of tobacco sheets inside the tobacco box: Nine detection points at the bottom of the pressure head are distributed in a 3×3 matrix, with pressure sensor accuracy reaching ±0.1kPa, collecting pressure data from each area in real time. The deviation rate is calculated using the pressure calculation formula. Analysis was conducted, and the guide plate tilt adjustment formula was used. The guide plate position is adjusted to form a closed-loop control. In one implementation case, the pressure deviation rate dropped from 12.3% to 4.7%, which is lower than the industry standard of 5%, effectively reducing phenomena such as tobacco leaf clumping and oiling, and improving the quality of cigarette raw materials.

[0028] 3. Significantly Improved Production Efficiency and Automation: The system features adaptive parameter recording, automatically saving process parameters such as the current feed roller speed and guide plate angle when the pressure deviation rate meets the target. For pressing similar types of tobacco sheets into briquettes, preset values ​​can be directly called, reducing preparation time by 30%. Simultaneously, the PLC control system, combined with the PROFINET network, achieves fully automated adjustment throughout the entire process, with an adjustment frequency of 2-5 times per minute, significantly reducing the need for manual intervention. In actual production, the briquetting time per box is reduced by 25%, the production capacity per shift increases by 10-15 boxes, and the equipment failure rate decreases by 20%, maintenance costs decrease by 25%, achieving highly efficient and intelligent production. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cross-feeder housing.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the guide plate and the adjustment mechanism.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the pressure head.

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of disassembly of the medium pressure head.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the downward pressure head arrangement.

[0035] In the diagram, 1-base plate, 2-support plate, 3-weighing device, 4-smoke box, 5-telescopic cover, 6-vertical cylinder, 7-cross feeder housing, 71-horizontal groove, 72-vertical groove, 8-support rail, 9-mounting plate, 10-horizontal cylinder, 11-reciprocating lead screw, 12-second servo motor, 13-connecting rod, 14-feed inlet, 15-evening roller, 16-vibrating feeder, 17-first servo motor, 18-hydraulic cylinder, 19-conveyor belt, 20-pressure head, 201-pressure head base, 202-pressure head cover plate, 203-mounting hole, 204-screw, 205-through hole for wiring, 21-strip hole, 22-guide plate, 23-lead screw sleeve, 24-detection device. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0037] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] Please see Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic tobacco briquetting device, including a cross-feeding machine housing 7, a vibrating feeding device 16, a tobacco box 4, a base plate 1, and a weighing device 3; the cross-feeding machine housing 7 is inverted "U" shape, and includes a horizontal groove 71 and two vertical grooves 72 on both sides. A feeding slot 14 is provided above the horizontal groove 71, and the two sides of the horizontal groove 71 are connected to the vertical grooves 72; the end of the vibrating feeding device 16 extends into the feeding slot 14. Preferably, the vibrating feeding device 16 is driven by an electromagnetic vibrator with an adjustable vibration frequency of 30-80Hz and a feeding speed of 0.3-0.8m / s. Its discharge end extends into the feeding slot 14 by about 50-100mm, and the discharge width matches the width of the feeding slot 14 to ensure that the tobacco flakes fall evenly into the slot. Multiple material leveling rollers 15 are rotatably arranged inside the feed trough 14, each roller 15 being individually controlled by a first servo motor 17. Preferably, there are 4-6 material leveling rollers 15, with a roller diameter of φ80-120mm and a length consistent with the trough width. Each material leveling roller 15 has spiral guide blades on its surface, with a blade height of 10-20mm and a pitch of 150-200mm. The direction of rotation is designed according to the roller position to evenly disperse the tobacco flakes to both sides. A transverse conveyor belt 19 is transversely arranged inside the transverse trough 71, with a width of 800-1200mm and an adjustable belt speed of 0.5-1.2m / s. It is driven by a variable frequency motor with a speed control accuracy of ±0.01m / s. The conveyor belt 19 has anti-slip textures on its surface to prevent the tobacco flakes from sliding and accumulating. Guide plates 22 are provided at both ends of the transverse trough 71, and an adjustment mechanism is provided on the outside of the transverse trough 71. The guide plates 22 have an arc-shaped structure with a radius of curvature R of 500-800mm and a height of 300-400mm. The adjustment mechanism includes a transverse cylinder 10, a second servo motor 12, a reciprocating lead screw 11, and a connecting rod 13. A hydraulic cylinder 18 is provided at the top of the transverse trough 71. The hydraulic cylinder 18 has a cylinder diameter of φ120-180mm, a stroke of 500-800mm, a maximum thrust of 50-100kN, and a downward pressing speed adjustable from 0.2-0.5m / s. Its ejection end is connected to a pressing head 20. Nine mounting holes are distributed at the bottom of the 0-type structure. A detection device 24 consisting of a pressure head 241, a spring 242, and a pressure sensor 243 is installed in each hole. Preferably, the pressure sensor 243 is a CYB-111 model with a range of 0-500 kPa, an accuracy of ±0.1 kPa, and a response time of ≤10 ms. A telescopic cover 5 is fitted at the bottom of the vertical groove 72. The vertical groove 72 is driven to extend and retract by a vertical cylinder 6. The base plate 1 supports the cross feeder housing 7 by a support plate 2. The weighing device 3 is set on the base plate 1 and located directly below the telescopic cover 5. The pressure head 20 is composed of a pressure head base 201 and a pressure head cover 202 connected by screws 204.

[0041] More specifically, in the adjustment mechanism, the shaft ends of the guide plate 22 are slidably disposed in the strip-shaped holes 21 on the side wall of the transverse groove 71. The length of the strip-shaped holes 21 is 100-450mm. The mounting plate 9 is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw 11 through the screw sleeve 23. The push-out end of the transverse cylinder 10 is rotatably connected to the shaft end of the guide plate 22 through the connecting rod 13, so as to realize the tilt angle adjustment of ±60°. The second servo motor 12 drives the reciprocating screw 11 to drive the mounting plate 9 to slide along the support rail 8, so as to realize the horizontal movement and tilt angle adjustment of the guide plate 22. The tilt angle adjustment range of the guide plate 22 is -60° to 60°, and the horizontal movement stroke is 50-150mm.

[0042] The pressure head 20 has nine mounting holes on its base 201 arranged in a 3×3 matrix, corresponding to nine detection areas within the smoke box 4. The pressure head cover 202 has a wiring through-hole 205 through which signal lines are led out and connected to the PLC control system. In the detection device 24, the lower pressure head 241 and the upper pressure head 243 are connected by a column. The lower pressure head 241 is slidably mounted at the lower port of the mounting hole 203, and a pressure sensor 244 is installed at the upper port of the mounting hole 203. A spring 242 connects the pressure sensor 244 and the lower pressure head 241. The pressure sensor 243 is a strain gauge pressure sensor with a range of 0-500 kPa and an accuracy of ±0.1 kPa.

[0043] The telescopic cover 5 is made of flexible sealing material. In the initial state, the distance between the bottom end and the weighing device 3 is 500-800mm. When the vertical cylinder 6 is pushed out, it completely covers the smoke box 4. The gap between the inner wall of the telescopic cover 5 and the vertical groove 72 and the outer wall of the smoke box 4 is less than 2mm.

[0044] Based on the above-mentioned automatic tobacco briquetting device, the present invention also provides a method of using the automatic tobacco briquetting device, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1. System Initialization: Set the initial position of guide plate 22 to the optimal position when producing middle smoke. At this position, the cylinder push-out stroke is 150-200mm, and guide plate 22 is tilted at 25°-35°. Define the length direction of smoke box 4 as rows, represented by L, M, and R to represent the left, middle, and right rows respectively, and the width direction as columns, represented by 1, 2, and 3 to represent the front, middle, and rear columns respectively. Divide the inside of the smoke box into 9 detection areas L1-L3, M1-M3, and R1-R3.

[0046] S2. Feeding and Distributing Tobacco Flakes: The vibrating feeder 16 feeds the tobacco flakes into the feed trough 14 at a frequency of 30-80Hz to prevent accumulation of tobacco flakes during feeding; multiple distribution rollers 15 distribute the tobacco flakes evenly, and the rotation speed and direction of the distribution rollers 15 are adjusted by the following formula:

[0047] ;

[0048] in, For the first Adjusted rotational speed (unit: r / min) of each leveling roller 15. The initial rotational speed of the leveling roller 15 is set to 40-60 r / min. This is the speed adjustment coefficient, with a value ranging from 0.8 to 1.2. The average pressure value is the result of the detection device 24 detecting nine points. For the first The pressure value of the area corresponding to each uniform roller 15; when Less than At that time, increase This allows more materials to be allocated to that area; when Greater than When, decrease To reduce the amount of material entering the area, for example, when the pressure value in area L... Below average pressure When it reaches 10%, the corresponding rotational speed of the leveling roller is... Increase to 55 r / min; if the pressure value in region R is higher than 15% of the average pressure, then the corresponding rotation speed of the leveling roller should be adjusted. Reduce to 42 r / min;

[0049] S3. Tobacco Flake Conveying and Guide Plate Adjustment: The conveyor belt 19 conveys the tobacco flakes into the transverse trough 71 at a speed of 0.5-1.2 m / s. The tilt and horizontal movement of the guide plate 22 are adjusted by the adjustment mechanism to regulate the distribution position of the tobacco flakes. For example, when the pressure on the left side is detected to be too low, the second servo motor 12 drives the guide plate 22 to move 30 mm to the left, while the transverse cylinder 10 adjusts the angle of the guide plate 22 to -55°, allowing more tobacco flakes to flow to the left. Conversely, when the pressure on the right side is too low, the guide plate 22 moves to the right and the tilt angle is increased. The tilt of the guide plate 22 is adjusted by the transverse cylinder 10, and the horizontal movement is controlled by the second servo motor 12 and the reciprocating screw 11. The formula for adjusting the tilt of the guide plate 22 is:

[0050] in, The tilt angle of guide plate 22 after adjustment. The initial tilt angle of guide plate 22 is 0 degrees. This is the tilt angle adjustment coefficient, which takes a positive or negative value based on the translation position. For the target fabric pressure, This refers to the actual fabric pressure detected.

[0051] S4. Tobacco Pulverizing and Detection: Hydraulic cylinder 18 drives press head 20 to pulverize tobacco at a speed of 0.2-0.5 m / s. Detection device 24 on press head 20 detects the degree of pulverization. The working principle of detection device 24 is as follows: lower press head 241 contacts the tobacco block and transmits pressure to pressure sensor 243 through spring 242. As the pressure on lower press head 241 increases, upper press head 245 contacts pressure sensor 243. The local compaction degree of the tobacco block is determined by detecting the pressure values ​​of each pressure sensor 243. The pressure detection formula is: in, The detected pressure value, The spring constant of spring 242 is 10-20 N / mm. This represents the displacement of the pressure head 241. The initial pressure value is 5-10 N;

[0052] S5. Pressure Deviation Analysis: Based on the pressure values ​​detected by the detection device 24 at 9 points, calculate the pressure value and pressure deviation rate of the tobacco sheets inside the tobacco box 4. The formula for calculating the pressure deviation rate is: in, P represents the pressure deviation rate, where P is the standard deviation of the pressure values ​​at the nine points. The average pressure value at 9 points;

[0053] In this step, when the pressure deviation rate is less than 5%, the system automatically records the current rotation speed of the equalizing roller (15), the angle of the guide plate 22, the position of the guide plate 22, and other parameters as preset parameters for the same type of sheet tobacco pressing block.

[0054] S6. Feedback Adjustment: Based on the pressure deviation rate and the pressure values ​​at each point, feedback adjustment is performed: Column Pressure Adjustment: Calculate the pressure difference between columns 1, 2, and 3. Calculate the average pressure value at 9 points: P like The guide plate 22 extends 1 / 4 of the length of the vertical groove 72, and the angle of the guide plate 22 increases by 0.5-2 degrees; if The angle of guide plate 22 is reduced by 0.5-2 degrees, causing the tobacco flakes to fall towards the first column on the side; if The guide plate 22 extends 3 / 4 of the length of the vertical groove 72, and the angle of the guide plate 22 decreases by 0.5-2 degrees; if Adjust the angle of guide plate 22 by 0.5-2 degrees to make the tobacco flakes fall to the third column on the side; if P The guide plate 22 extends 2 / 4 of the length of the vertical groove 72, and the guide plate 22 swings back and forth ±0.5-2 degrees to distribute the material to both ends; if Adjust the angle of guide plate 22 to 0 degrees;

[0055] In this step, when the column pressure difference Increase the guide plate angle by 22 degrees. Reduce the guide plate angle by 22°; during the adjustment process, each adjustment amount should not exceed ±10% of the initial value, and the adjustment frequency is 2-5 times per minute.

[0056] S7 Cycle Control: Repeat steps S2-S6, and check the pressure deviation rate after each cycle until the pressure deviation rate of the tobacco in the tobacco box 4 is less than 5%.

[0057] Example 2:

[0058] In this embodiment, taking the 200kg tobacco sheet briquetting process of a cigarette factory as an example, the specific implementation of the automatic tobacco sheet briquetting device is as follows:

[0059] Device Installation: The cross-feeder housing 7 is fixed to the base plate 1 via the support plate 2, and the horizontal error of the transverse trough 71 is ≤0.5mm / m. The discharge end of the vibrating feeder 16 extends 80mm into the feed trough opening 14, with a gap of ≤2mm between it and the opening. Four equalizing rollers 15 are evenly distributed along the width of the feed trough opening (center distance 200mm), driven by the first servo motor 17, with an initial speed of 50r / min. The guide plate 22 is installed at both ends of the transverse trough 71, with an initial inclination angle of 45° and horizontal centering. It is adjusted by the second servo motor 12 and the transverse cylinder 10, with a lead screw of 8mm and a cylinder stroke of 150mm. The pressure head 20 is connected via a hydraulic cylinder 18. Nine detection devices 24 are installed in a 3×3 matrix. The pressure sensor 243 is model CYB-111, with a range of 0-500kPa and an accuracy of ±0.1kPa. It is driven by the vertical cylinder 6, with the initial bottom end 3600mm from the weighing device.

[0060] Control system configuration: Siemens S7-1200 PLC, KTP700 touch screen, target pressure value set at 350 kg / m³, pressure deviation threshold ≤ 5%. Adjustment coefficient: k1 = 1.0, spring (242) elastic coefficient k3 = 15 N / mm.

[0061] The method of using its smoke ballast device is as follows:

[0062] S1 System Initialization and Feeding: The tobacco box 4 is placed on the weighing device 3, and the PLC reads historical parameters (the cylinder stroke of the cloth plate for the middle tobacco produced last time was 180mm, and the guide plate angle was 50°). The vibrating feeding device 16 is started, and the vibration frequency is set to 40Hz. The tobacco flakes are conveyed from the storage bin to the feed trough 14. The equalizing roller 15 runs at an initial speed of 50r / min to initially disperse the tobacco flakes and prevent accumulation.

[0063] S2 Tobacco Feeding and Distribution Adjustment: Conveyor belt 19 runs at a speed of 0.8 m / s, conveying tobacco flakes from feed trough 14 to both ends of transverse trough 71. When weighing device 3 detects that the weight of tobacco flakes in tobacco box 40 reaches 200 kg, the system collects pressure data for each area for the first time: If the pressure value of area L is PL = 345 kPa, which is lower than the average pressure at point 9, Pavg = 350 kPa, according to the formula Vi = V0 + k1 × (Pavg - PL), the corresponding rotation speed of the distribution roller is increased to 50 + 1.0 × (100 - 80) = 70 r / min, increasing the material drop in this area by 20%-30%. If the distribution pressure on the right side is detected to be too low, the second servo motor 12 drives the guide plate 22 to move 30 mm to the right, while the transverse cylinder 10 adjusts the tilt angle of the guide plate to 50°, so that more tobacco flakes flow to the right side.

[0064] S3 Flake Tobacco Conveying and Guide Plate Fine Adjustment: Guide plate 22 controls the flake tobacco distribution trajectory through dual-dimensional adjustment (tilt angle + horizontal position): the tilt angle adjustment range is -60° to 60°, and the material falls into the corresponding area according to the guide plate angle; the horizontal movement stroke is 50-150mm, and moving to the right can adjust the distribution on the right side. Based on the distribution pressure feedback in real time, the guide plate tilt angle is calculated using the formula θ=θ0 + k2×(Dtarget-Dactual). For example, when the right side's Dactual = 330kPa is lower than the target value of 350kPa, the tilt angle is increased by 2°, causing the flake tobacco landing point to shift to the right, increasing the flake tobacco accumulation pressure.

[0065] S4 Tobacco Flatbread Press and Pressure Detection: When the weight of the flatbread in the tobacco box reaches 200kg±0.5kg, the vertical cylinder 6 drives the telescopic cover 5 to descend, completely covering the tobacco box 4 to prevent the flatbread from overflowing during pressing. The hydraulic cylinder 18 presses down at a speed of 0.3m / s, and the press head 20 enters the tobacco box. The detection device 24 collects pressure data at 9 points in real time: L1:360 L2:340 L3:350 M1:345 M2:330 M3:355 R1:380 R2:365 R3:390

[0066] When the pressure head 241 is pressed, the spring 242 compresses and transmits the pressure to the pressure sensor 243, with a sampling frequency of 50Hz and an accuracy of ±0.1kPa.

[0067] S5. Pressure Calculation and Deviation Analysis:

[0068] Calculate the average pressure values ​​of columns (PW1, PW2, PW3); column averages: PW1=(360+345+380) / 3≈361.7kPa, PW2=345kPa, PW3=365kPa, average value PW≈357.2kPa.

[0069] S6. Feedback Adjustment and Parameter Optimization

[0070] Column pressure adjustment: If PW3 > PW (365 > 357.2), the servo controls the translation and positioning of the guide plate (such as 3 / 4 of the length), and the angle decreases by 0.5 - 2 degrees, causing the sliced tobacco to fall towards the middle and reducing the material falling amount in this column; if PW2 < PW (345 < 357.2), the angle of the guide plate is adjusted to 0 degrees and it droops, and the material falls in the middle.

[0071] S7. Cycle control and parameter solidification: Repeat the process of S2 - S6. After the second briquetting, the pressure deviation rate PVR = 5.17% is detected, which is close to the threshold value, and the angle of the guide plate is finely adjusted to decrease by another 0.5°. After the third briquetting, PVR = 4.7% reaches the standard, and the system automatically records the current parameters: the rotation speed of the material leveling roller: 72 r / min in area L1 and 40 r / min in area R3; the angle of the guide plate: 52° on the left side and 48° on the right side; the stroke of the cloth plate: 170 mm; this parameter group is automatically stored as the "preset plan for middle tobacco briquetting", and it can be directly called during the next production.

[0072] Technical advantages and implementation effects of this device and its usage method

[0073] I. Improvement in cloth uniformity: In the traditional device, the pressure difference of sliced tobacco in the width direction of the tobacco box reaches ±15%. Through the coordinated adjustment of the dynamic speed regulation of the material leveling roller and the guide plate in the present invention, the pressure difference between areas L1 and R3 is reduced from 50 kPa to within 20 kPa, and the uniformity is improved by 40%.

[0074] II. Comparison of production data of multiple batches and data of traditional devices:

[0075] Traditional device: average pressure 345 kPa, pressure deviation rate 11.2%, caking rate 8.5%;

[0076] This invention: average pressure 358 kkPa, pressure deviation rate of 4.7%, caking rate of 2.1%, meeting the industry high-quality standard (PVR ≤ 5%).

[0077] III. Production efficiency and automation level: The briquetting time per box is shortened from 80 seconds to 50 seconds, the production capacity per shift is increased by 25 boxes, and the efficiency is increased by 28%; when changing batches for production, the parameter debugging time is shortened from 30 minutes to 1 minute, the manual intervention is reduced by 70%, and the equipment failure rate is reduced by 20%.

[0078] IV. Key technical details

[0079] Independent servo control of the material leveling roller: Each material leveling roller is driven by an independent servo motor, and the rotation speed adjustment accuracy is ±0.5 r / min. It can adjust the speed in real time for forward and reverse rotation according to the regional pressure. For example, when the pressure in area L1 is insufficient, it accelerates to 72 r / min, increasing the material falling amount in this area by 30% and quickly compensating for the cloth deviation.

[0080] The guide plate dual-axis adjustment mechanism: the horizontal cylinder 10 controls the tilt angle (-60°~60°) with an adjustment accuracy of ±0.5°; the second servo motor 12 drives the reciprocating screw 11 to control the horizontal position with a movement accuracy of ±0.1mm, realizing millimeter-level adjustment of the tobacco fabric position.

[0081] Nine-zone pressure closed-loop detection: Nine detection points at the bottom of the pressure head are distributed in a 3×3 matrix, corresponding to the nine zones of the smoke box. For example, when the pressure in zone R3 is 115kPa (too dense), the system synchronously reduces the speed of the corresponding uniform roller and adjusts the angle of the guide plate, forming a "detection-calculation-adjustment" closed loop. The response time for a single adjustment is ≤2s.

[0082] V. Comparative Analysis with Existing Technologies

[0083] 1. Comparison of fabric types

[0084] Existing technology: Using a single feeding belt conveyor, the tobacco flakes tend to pile up and fall into the pre-compression bin, resulting in poor uniformity of material distribution. For example, although the device in publication number CN110745288B is equipped with an air jet material distribution device, the airflow adjustment range is limited, and the material distribution deviation rate exceeds 10%.

[0085] This invention uses a vibratory feeder (30-80Hz) with 4-6 independent uniform rollers, dynamically adjusted by a speed formula, combined with dual-dimensional adjustment of the guide plate (tilt angle + horizontal position), to reduce the fabric deviation rate to 4.7% and improve uniformity by 40%.

[0086] 2. Comparison of Pressure Detection Feedback Mechanisms

[0087] Existing technologies mostly rely on post-process pressure sampling, failing to provide real-time feedback on the fabric application process. Traditional devices, for example, require manual pressure checks after pressing, resulting in significant delays and making it difficult to correct process deviations.

[0088] This invention uses a 9-point pressure sensor (accuracy ±0.1kPa) to collect data in real time, calculates pressure and deviation rate through formulas, and forms a "detection-adjustment" closed loop to achieve dynamic control of the production process with a deviation response time ≤2s.

[0089] 3. Comparison of Automation Levels

[0090] Existing technology involves significant manual intervention, and parameter adjustments rely heavily on experience. For example, the guide plate angle and the speed of the leveling roller need to be set manually, and the debugging time for batch production changes can be as long as 30-60 minutes.

[0091] This invention integrates an adaptive algorithm into the PLC system, automatically recording compliance parameters (such as the middle smoke compression block scheme), which can be directly called during batch change, reducing debugging time to 60 seconds and reducing manual intervention by 70%.

[0092] Although the invention has been described herein with reference to several illustrative embodiments, it should be understood that many other modifications and implementations can be devised by those skilled in the art, which will fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed herein. More specifically, various modifications and improvements can be made to the components or layout of the subject matter arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, drawings, and claims. Besides modifications and improvements to the components or layout, other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An automatic tobacco briquetting device, characterized in that: The system includes a cross-feed housing (7), a vibrating feeding device (16), a smoke box (4), a base plate (1), and a weighing device (3). The cross-feed housing (7) is shaped like an inverted "U". The cross-feed housing (7) includes a transverse groove (71) and two vertical grooves (72) on both sides. A feed inlet (14) is provided above the transverse groove (71), and the two sides of the transverse groove (71) are connected to the vertical grooves (72). The end of the vibrating feeding device (16) extends into the feed inlet (14). Multiple equalizing rollers (15) are rotatably arranged inside the feed inlet (14). Each equalizing roller (15) is individually controlled by a first servo motor (17), and each roller can be individually adjusted to distribute material in the corresponding area. A conveyor belt (19) is arranged transversely inside the transverse groove (71), and guide plates (22) are provided at both ends of the transverse groove (71). An adjustment mechanism is provided on the outside of the transverse groove (71). The adjustment mechanism includes... The device includes a horizontal cylinder (10), a second servo motor (12), a reciprocating screw (11) and a connecting rod (13), which can adjust the tilt and horizontal position of the guide plate (22); a hydraulic cylinder (18) is provided on the upper part of the horizontal groove (71), and its push-out end is connected to the pressure head (20). The bottom of the pressure head (20) has nine mounting holes arranged in an array, and a detection device (24) consisting of a lower pressure head (241), a spring (242) and a pressure sensor (243) is installed in the holes; a telescopic cover (5) is fitted on the bottom of the vertical groove (72), and the vertical groove (72) is driven to extend and retract by a vertical cylinder (6). The bottom plate (1) supports the cross feeder housing (7) through a support plate (2), and a weighing device (3) is set on the bottom plate (1) and located directly below the telescopic cover (5); the pressure head (20) is composed of a pressure head base (201) and a pressure head cover plate (202) connected by screws (204).

2. The automatic tobacco briquetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the adjustment mechanism, the shaft ends of the guide plate (22) are slidably disposed in the strip hole (21) on the side wall of the transverse groove (71). The mounting plate (9) is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw (11) through the screw sleeve (23). The push end of the transverse cylinder (10) is rotatably connected to the shaft end of the guide plate (22) through the connecting rod (13). The second servo motor (12) drives the reciprocating screw (11) to drive the mounting plate (9) to slide along the support rail (8) to realize the horizontal movement and tilt angle adjustment of the guide plate (22). The tilt angle adjustment range of the guide plate (22) is -60° to 60°, and the horizontal movement stroke is 50-150mm.

3. The automatic tobacco briquetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure head (20) has nine mounting holes on its base (201) arranged in a 3×3 matrix, corresponding to nine detection areas inside the cigarette box (4); the pressure head cover plate (202) is provided with a wiring through hole (205); in the detection device (24), the lower pressure head (241) and the upper pressure head (243) are connected by a column, the lower pressure head (241) is slidably set at the lower port of the mounting hole (203), and a pressure sensor (244) is set at the upper port of the mounting hole (203), and a spring (242) is connected between the pressure sensor (244) and the lower pressure head (241); the pressure sensor (243) is a strain gauge pressure sensor with a range of 0-500kPa and an accuracy of ±0.1kPa.

4. The automatic tobacco briquetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic cover (5) is made of flexible sealing material. In the initial state, the distance between the bottom end and the weighing device (3) is 500-800mm. When the vertical cylinder (6) is pushed out, it completely covers the smoke box (4). The gap between the inner wall of the telescopic cover (5) and the vertical groove (72) and the outer wall of the smoke box (4) is less than 2mm.

5. A method of using the automatic tobacco briquetting device as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. System initialization: Set the initial position of the guide plate (22) to the optimal position when producing smoke in the middle. At this position, the cylinder push-out stroke is 150-200mm, and the guide plate (22) is tilted at 25°-35°. Define the length direction of the smoke box (4) as rows, represented by L, M, and R, and the width direction as columns, represented by 1, 2, and 3. Divide the inside of the smoke box into 9 detection areas: L1-L3, M1-M3, and R1-R3. S2. Feeding and Distributing Tobacco Sheets: The vibrating feeder (16) feeds the tobacco sheets into the feed trough (14) at a frequency of 30-80Hz to prevent tobacco sheet accumulation during feeding; multiple distribution rollers (15) distribute the tobacco sheets evenly, and the rotation speed and direction of the distribution rollers (15) are adjusted by the following formula: ； in, For the first Adjusted rotational speed of the uniform roller (15) (unit: r / min). The initial rotational speed of the leveling roller (15) is set to 40-60 r / min. This is the speed adjustment coefficient, with a value ranging from 0.8 to 1.

2. The average pressure value at 9 points detected by the detection device (24) For the first The pressure value of the area corresponding to each uniform roller (15); when Less than When, increase This allows more materials to be allocated to the area; when Greater than When, decrease This reduces the amount of material entering the area. S3. Tobacco Flake Conveying and Guide Plate Adjustment: The conveyor belt (19) conveys the tobacco flakes into the transverse trough (71) at a speed of 0.5-1.2 m / s. The tilt and horizontal movement of the guide plate (22) are adjusted by the adjustment mechanism to adjust the position of the tobacco flakes. The tilt of the guide plate (22) is controlled by the transverse cylinder (10), and the horizontal movement is controlled by the second servo motor (12) and the reciprocating screw (11). The adjustment formula for the tilt of the guide plate (22) is: in, The tilt angle after the guide plate (22) is adjusted. The initial tilt angle of the guide plate (22) is 0 degrees. This is the tilt angle adjustment coefficient, which takes a positive or negative value based on the translation position. For the target fabric pressure, This refers to the actual fabric pressure detected. S4. Tobacco Pulverizing and Inspection: The hydraulic cylinder (18) drives the pressing head (20) to pulverize the tobacco at a speed of 0.2-0.5 m / s. The detection device (24) on the pressing head (20) detects the degree of tobacco pulverization. The working principle of the detection device (24) is as follows: the lower pressing head (241) contacts the tobacco block and transmits the pressure to the pressure sensor (243) through the spring (242). As the pressure on the lower pressing head (241) increases, the upper pressing head (245) contacts the pressure sensor (243). The local compaction degree of the tobacco block is judged by detecting the pressure values ​​of each pressure sensor (243). The pressure detection formula is: in, The detected pressure value, The spring constant of spring (242) is taken as 10-20 N / mm. This represents the displacement of the pressure head (241). The initial pressure value is 5-10 N. S5. Pressure Deviation Analysis: Based on the pressure values ​​detected by the detection device (24) at 9 points, calculate the pressure value and pressure deviation rate of the tobacco in the tobacco box (4). The formula for calculating the pressure deviation rate is: in, P represents the pressure deviation rate, where P is the standard deviation of the pressure values ​​at the nine points. The average pressure value at 9 points; S6. Feedback Adjustment: Based on the pressure deviation rate and the pressure values ​​at each point, feedback adjustment is performed: Column Pressure Adjustment: Calculate the pressure difference between columns 1, 2, and 3. Calculate the average pressure value at 9 points: P like The guide plate (22) extends 1 / 4 of the length of the vertical groove (72), and the angle of the guide plate (22) increases by 0.5-2 degrees; if The angle of the guide plate (22) is reduced by 0.5-2 degrees, causing the tobacco flakes to fall towards the first column on the side; if The guide plate (22) extends 3 / 4 of the length of the vertical groove (72), and the angle of the guide plate (22) decreases by 0.5-2 degrees; if Adjust the angle of the guide plate (22) by 0.5-2 degrees to make the tobacco flakes fall to the third column on the side; if P The guide plate (22) extends 2 / 4 of the length of the vertical groove (72), and the guide plate (22) swings back and forth ±0.5-2 degrees to distribute the material to both ends; if Adjust the angle of the guide plate (22) to 0 degrees; S7 Cycle Control: Repeat steps S2-S6, and check the pressure deviation rate once after each cycle is completed until the pressure deviation rate of the tobacco in the tobacco box (4) is less than 5%.

6. The method of using the automatic tobacco pressing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the feedback adjustment, when the column pressure difference... Increase the angle of the guide plate (22) at the time. Reduce the angle of the guide plate (22) during adjustment; during the adjustment process, the adjustment amount should not exceed ±10% of the initial value each time, and the adjustment frequency is 2-5 times per minute.

7. The method of using the automatic tobacco pressing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the pressure deviation rate is less than 5%, the system automatically records the current rotation speed of the equalizing roller (15), the angle of the guide plate (22), the position of the guide plate (22), and other parameters as preset parameters for the same type of tobacco pressing block.

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