Plasma welding tool for shearer cutter head

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of plasma welding, and discloses a plasma welding tool for a shearer cutter, which comprises a gun head, a welding gun and a mechanical arm, the gun head is connected with the welding gun through a connecting pipeline, the outer periphery of the welding gun is fixedly connected to the left end of the mechanical arm, the outer periphery of the gun head is provided with a protection mechanism, the upper end of the gun head is fixedly connected with a mounting frame, the lower end right side of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with a filtering mechanism, the right side upper end of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with a cooling mechanism, the outer periphery of the cooling mechanism is fixedly connected with a connecting frame, and the right end upper side of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the left end of the welding gun. The protection gas filtered and cooled forms an annular air curtain around the gun head, can wrap and carry the residual toxic gas to be recycled between the inner cover and the outer cover, can form an air barrier around the welding gun, completely isolates the external air, avoids the oxidation of a molten pool, and reduces defects such as air holes and slag inclusion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plasma welding technology, and in particular to a plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead. Background Technology

[0002] The cutterhead of a coal mining machine is a core working component in underground coal mining, primarily responsible for breaking coal seams and cutting coal and rock. It must withstand severe impacts, heavy loads, and coal and rock abrasion over long periods, and its structural strength directly affects mining efficiency and equipment lifespan. The upper components of the cutterhead are mostly critical load-bearing nodes, such as the cutter holder and connecting flanges, requiring high-strength and high-reliability connections to the cutterhead body. Therefore, plasma welding is employed. Plasma welding technology achieves deep penetration welding through a high-temperature plasma arc, ensuring a large weld penetration and high bonding strength, meeting the impact resistance requirements of the components. Simultaneously, the weld structure is dense and has high hardness, improving resistance to coal and rock abrasion.

[0003] In existing technologies, plasma welding has many shortcomings: the high-temperature toxic gases generated during welding have a weak ability to capture, easily disperse and pollute the workshop environment, endanger the health of operators, and lack efficient filtration and circulation treatment, making it difficult to meet green manufacturing standards for pollutant emissions. At the same time, it requires a large amount of fresh protective gas, resulting in high material costs. Furthermore, incomplete isolation from external air can easily lead to oxidation of the molten pool, producing defects such as porosity and slag inclusions. Without continuous protection during the cooling of high-temperature welds, oxidation can also reduce surface quality and mechanical properties. In addition, high-temperature gases without pretreatment can easily damage filter components, and high temperatures can cause impurities to adhere to pipelines, leading to blockages and affecting the continuity of operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead, comprising a gun head, a welding torch, and a robotic arm. The gun head is connected to the welding torch via a connecting pipeline. The outer periphery of the welding torch is fixedly connected to the left end of the robotic arm. A protective mechanism is provided on the outer periphery of the gun head. A mounting frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the gun head. A filtering mechanism is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the mounting frame. A cooling mechanism is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the mounting frame. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the cooling mechanism. The upper right side of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the left end of the welding torch.

[0006] Preferably, the cooling mechanism includes a cooling chamber, a partition plate is fixedly connected to the center of the cooling chamber, a water pump is fixedly connected to the lower rear side of the cooling chamber, a connecting water pipe is fixedly connected to the upper outlet end of the water pump, a water tank is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting water pipe, a water wheel is rotatably connected inside the water tank, an outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the front outlet end of the water tank, a heat exchange pipe is fixedly connected to the left end of the outlet pipe, and a return water pipe is fixedly connected to the upper outlet end of the heat exchange pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the upper end of the return water pipe is fixedly connected to the lower opening on the left front side of the cooling chamber, the lower end of the cooling chamber is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the mounting bracket, and the left end of the water tank is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the protective mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the protective mechanism includes an outer cover, an annular tube provided on the lower outer side of the outer cover, an annular air outlet fixedly connected to the lower inner circumference of the outer cover, and suction nozzles evenly distributed on the lower outer circumference of the outer cover. An inner cover is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer cover via a bearing. Spiral plates are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the inner cover, and arc-shaped baffles are evenly distributed on one side of the spiral plates. A toothed ring is fixedly connected to the upper outer circumference of the inner cover. A gear is meshed with the right side of the toothed ring. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the gear. A pulley is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod. A second pulley is connected to the first pulley via a transmission belt.

[0009] Preferably, the inner circumference of the annular tube is in communication with the interior of the annular air outlet, the inner circumference of the inner cover is rotatably connected to the outer circumference of the gun head through a bearing, the upper outer circumference of the gun head is fixedly connected to the upper opening of the outer cover, and the upper end of the suction nozzle is in communication with the interior of the outer cover.

[0010] Preferably, the middle part of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the upper right opening of the outer cover via a bearing, and the spiral plate and the arc-shaped baffle are both in contact with the inner side of the heat exchange tube on the side away from the inner cover.

[0011] Preferably, the filtration mechanism includes a filter chamber, a filter roll, a gear reducer, and an air chamber. The front and rear ends of the filter chamber are rotatably connected to collecting rollers via splined shafts. Both ends of the filter roll are fixedly connected to the inside of the collecting rollers. A pulley three is fixedly connected to the upper end of the splined shaft on the front side. The pulley three is connected to a pulley four via a transmission belt two. The middle of the pulley four is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the output end of the gear reducer. A pulley five is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the input end of the gear reducer. The pulley five is connected to the pulley two via a transmission belt three. A fan wheel is rotatably connected inside the air chamber. A connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the middle of the fan wheel. An air outlet pipe is fixedly connected inside the air chamber's air outlet end. An air extraction pipe is fixedly connected inside the air chamber's air inlet end. An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper left side of the filter chamber. The left end of the air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the upper rear end of the outer cover.

[0012] Preferably, the middle part of the second pulley is fixedly connected to the upper outer periphery of the connecting shaft, the middle part of the water wheel is fixedly connected to the upper outer periphery of the connecting shaft, and the middle part of the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the inside of the right side of the outer cover.

[0013] Preferably, the middle part of the filter roll is slidably connected to the inner middle part of the filter chamber, the upper end of the filter chamber is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the mounting frame, and the lower end of the gear reducer is fixedly connected to the upper rear side of the filter chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the left end of the air chamber is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the outer cover, the lower end of the air outlet pipe is connected to the inside of the annular pipe, and the upper end of the air extraction pipe is fixedly connected to the opening in the middle of the lower right side of the filter chamber.

[0015] The plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead provided by this invention has the following advantages: 1. When the coolant is driven by the water pump, the water turbine and fan turbine rotate synchronously. The air extraction pipe creates a negative pressure between the filter chamber, the outer cover and the inner cover, which actively captures the high-temperature toxic gases generated during welding. This prevents the gases from spreading and polluting the workshop environment and harming the health of the operators. Furthermore, the toxic gases are filtered by the filter roll and then recycled to remove harmful components and metal dust, ensuring the cleanliness of the circulating gas and reducing pollutant emissions from the source, which meets green manufacturing standards.

[0016] 2. The filtered gas forms an annular air curtain through the annular pipe and annular air outlet, eliminating the need for a large amount of fresh protective gas and significantly reducing welding consumable costs. The air curtain outlet is tilted towards the torch head, and after impacting the welding area, it forms an upward and inward airflow. This airflow can both carry away residual toxic gases and return them between the inner and outer covers, and also form an air barrier around the welding torch, completely isolating it from the outside air, preventing oxidation of the molten pool, and reducing defects such as porosity and slag inclusions. The annular air curtain can still cover the welding area after welding, forming a local protective gas atmosphere, preventing the high-temperature weld from directly contacting the air during the cooling process, avoiding violent oxidation reactions, and ensuring the surface quality and mechanical properties of the weld after cooling.

[0017] 3. Coolant enters the heat exchange tubes through the outlet pipe, directly exchanging heat with the high-temperature toxic gas. This prevents damage to subsequent filter media and other components caused by the high-temperature gas, extending the equipment's lifespan. The cooled gas has reduced viscosity and more stable flow, making it less likely for impurities to adhere to the pipes during subsequent filtration and circulation processes due to high temperatures, reducing the risk of equipment blockage and improving the continuity of gas treatment. Through double dilution of harmful gases, the composition of the diluted harmful gases is more uniform, avoiding excessively high local concentrations that could lead to incomplete filtration. This ensures that the final emitted or recirculated gas meets environmental standards, reducing pollution to the working environment. The inner cover is rotated by a pulley linkage, and the spiral plate and arc-shaped baffle force the mixed gas to form turbulence, significantly increasing the contact area between the gas and the heat exchange tubes, further reducing the gas temperature. The turbulence also breaks up gas stratification, allowing the clean recovered gas to mix more thoroughly with the high-temperature toxic gas, avoiding uneven local dilution, and ensuring that each part of the gas is effectively diluted, providing better conditions for subsequent filtration. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A front-view perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of a plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead provided in this application; Figure 2 A partial front-view perspective view of a plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead provided in this application; Figure 3 A partial rear-view three-dimensional schematic diagram of a plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead provided in this application; Figure 4 A partial three-dimensional front view sectional view of a plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead provided in this application; Figure 5 A second partial three-dimensional front view sectional view of a plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead provided in this application; Figure 6 A partial three-dimensional sectional view of the plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead provided in this application; Figure 7 A partial three-dimensional sectional view of the left side of a plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead provided in this application; Figure 8 A partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of a plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead provided in this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gas flow direction inside the outer casing of a plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead provided in this application.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Protective mechanism; 11. Outer cover; 12. Annular pipe; 13. Annular air outlet; 14. Exhaust nozzle; 15. Inner cover; 16. Spiral plate; 17. Arc-shaped baffle; 18. Gear ring; 19. Gear; 110. Connecting rod; 111. Pulley 1; 112. Drive belt 1; 113. Pulley 2; 2. Filtering mechanism; 21. Filter chamber; 22. Collecting roller; 23. Filter roll; 24. Pulley 3; 25. Drive belt 2; 26. Pulley 4; 27. Gear reducer 28. Speed ​​reducer; 29. ​​Belt pulley 5; 210. Drive belt 3; 211. Air chamber; 212. Fan wheel; 213. Connecting shaft; 214. Air outlet pipe; 215. Air extraction pipe; 216. Air inlet pipe; 3. Cooling mechanism; 31. Cooling chamber; 32. Water pump; 33. Connecting water pipe; 34. Water chamber; 35. Water wheel; 36. Water outlet pipe; 37. Heat exchanger pipe; 38. Return water pipe; 39. Partition plate; 4. Gun head; 5. Connecting pipeline; 6. Welding gun; 7. Connecting frame; 8. Robotic arm; 9. Mounting frame. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0022] like Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment proposes a plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead, including a gun head 4, a welding torch 6, and a robotic arm 8. The gun head 4 is connected to the welding torch 6 via a connecting pipeline 5. The outer periphery of the welding torch 6 is fixedly connected to the left end of the robotic arm 8. A protective mechanism 1 is provided on the outer periphery of the gun head 4. A mounting frame 9 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the gun head 4. A filtering mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the mounting frame 9. A cooling mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the mounting frame 9. A connecting frame 7 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the cooling mechanism 3. The upper right side of the connecting frame 7 is fixedly connected to the left end of the welding torch 6.

[0023] Specifically, the coal mining machine cutterhead to be welded is placed on the welding work platform, and the lower end of the robotic arm 8 is installed on the upper end of the welding platform. After the parts to be welded are assembled, the welding platform, robotic arm 8, and water pump 32 are started. The lower end of the welding torch 4 is moved to the welding position, and then the welding torch 6 is started. Welding shielding gas and tungsten needle of the welding torch 4 are supplied through the connecting pipeline 5 to weld the part to be welded.

[0024] In this embodiment, the protective mechanism 1 includes an outer cover 11. An annular tube 12 is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the outer cover 11. An annular air outlet 13 is fixedly connected to the inner circumference of the lower end of the outer cover 11. Air extraction nozzles 14 are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the lower end of the outer cover 11. An inner cover 15 is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer cover 11 through a bearing. Spiral plates 16 are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the inner cover 15. Arc-shaped baffles 17 are evenly distributed on one side of the spiral plates 16. A toothed ring 18 is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the upper end of the inner cover 15. A gear 19 is meshed with the right side of the toothed ring 18. A connecting rod 110 is fixedly connected to the middle of the gear 19. A pulley 111 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod 110. A pulley 113 is connected to the pulley 111 through a transmission belt 112.

[0025] In this embodiment, the inner circumference of the annular tube 12 is connected to the interior of the annular air outlet 13, the inner circumference of the inner cover 15 is rotatably connected to the outer circumference of the gun head 4 through a bearing, the upper outer circumference of the gun head 4 is fixedly connected to the upper opening of the outer cover 11, and the upper end of the suction nozzle 14 is connected to the interior of the outer cover 11.

[0026] In this embodiment, the middle part of the connecting rod 110 is rotatably connected to the upper right opening of the outer cover 11 via a bearing, and the spiral plate 16 and the arc-shaped baffle 17 are both in contact with the inner side of the heat exchange tube 37 on the side away from the inner cover 15.

[0027] In this embodiment, the cooling mechanism 3 includes a cooling chamber 31. A partition plate 39 is fixedly connected to the middle of the cooling chamber 31. A water pump 32 is fixedly connected to the lower rear side of the cooling chamber 31. A connecting water pipe 33 is fixedly connected to the upper water outlet end of the water pump 32. A water tank 34 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting water pipe 33. A water wheel 35 is rotatably connected inside the water tank 34. A water outlet pipe 36 is fixedly connected to the front water outlet end of the water tank 34. A heat exchange pipe 37 is fixedly connected to the left end of the water outlet pipe 36. A return water pipe 38 is fixedly connected to the upper water outlet end of the heat exchange pipe 37.

[0028] In this embodiment, the upper end of the return water pipe 38 is fixedly connected to the lower opening on the left front side of the cooling chamber 31, the lower end of the cooling chamber 31 is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the mounting bracket 9, and the left end of the water tank 34 is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the protective mechanism 1.

[0029] Specifically, water pump 32 pumps the coolant from cooling chamber 31 into water chamber 34 via connecting water pipe 33, and then sends it into heat exchange tube 37 via outlet pipe 36 to cool the high-temperature toxic gas. Simultaneously, due to the negative pressure generated between outer cover 11 and inner cover 15, the cooled and filtered gas in the air curtain is collected through the lower exhaust nozzle 14 and sent between outer cover 11 and inner cover 15 to mix with the high-temperature toxic gas, further diluting the gas. Furthermore, pulley 113 drives pulley 111 to rotate via transmission belt 112, which in turn drives gear 19 to rotate via connecting rod 110, which in turn drives inner cover 15 to rotate via gear ring 18. The spiral plate 16 and arc-shaped baffle 17 on the outer periphery of inner cover 15 create turbulence between outer cover 11 and inner cover 15, simultaneously improving the heat exchange and dilution effects. The coolant then enters heat exchange tube 37 via outlet pipe 36, directly reacting with the high-temperature toxic gas. Heat exchange prevents high-temperature gas from damaging subsequent components such as the filter roll 23, extending the equipment's lifespan. The cooled gas has reduced viscosity and more stable flow, making it less prone to impurities adhering to pipelines during subsequent filtration and circulation processes, reducing the risk of equipment blockage and improving the continuity of gas treatment. Double dilution of harmful gases results in a more uniform composition, preventing incomplete filtration due to excessively high local concentrations, ensuring that the final emitted or recirculated gas meets environmental standards and reducing pollution to the working environment. A pulley-driven rotation of the inner cover 15, along with the spiral plate 16 and arc-shaped baffle 17, forces the mixed gas into turbulence, significantly increasing the contact area between the gas and the heat exchange tube 37, further reducing the gas temperature. This turbulence also breaks up gas stratification, allowing for more thorough mixing of clean recovered gas and high-temperature toxic gas, preventing uneven dilution and ensuring that each part of the gas is effectively diluted, providing better conditions for subsequent filtration.

[0030] In this embodiment, the filtration mechanism 2 includes a filter chamber 21, a filter roll 23, a gear reducer 27, and an air chamber 210. The front and rear ends of the filter chamber 21 are rotatably connected to a collecting roller 22 via a splined shaft. Both ends of the filter roll 23 are fixedly connected to the inside of the collecting roller 22. A third pulley 24 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the front splined shaft. The third pulley 24 is connected to a fourth pulley 26 via a second transmission belt 25. The middle of the fourth pulley 26 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the output end of the gear reducer 27. The gear reducer 27... A pulley 28 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the inlet end. The pulley 28 is connected to the pulley 113 via a transmission belt 29. A fan 211 is rotatably connected inside the air chamber 210. A connecting shaft 212 is fixedly connected to the middle of the fan 211. An air outlet pipe 213 is fixedly connected inside the air outlet end of the air chamber 210. An air extraction pipe 214 is fixedly connected inside the air inlet end of the air chamber 210. An air inlet pipe 215 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper left side of the filter chamber 21. The left end of the air inlet pipe 215 is fixedly connected to the upper rear end of the outer cover 11.

[0031] In this embodiment, the middle part of the pulley 213 is fixedly connected to the upper outer periphery of the connecting shaft 212, the middle part of the water wheel 35 is fixedly connected to the upper outer periphery of the connecting shaft 212, and the middle part of the connecting shaft 212 is rotatably connected to the inside of the right side of the outer cover 11.

[0032] In this embodiment, the middle part of the filter roll 23 is slidably connected to the inner middle part of the filter chamber 21, the upper end of the filter chamber 21 is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the mounting frame 9, and the lower end of the gear reducer 27 is fixedly connected to the upper rear side of the filter chamber 21.

[0033] In this embodiment, the left end of the air chamber 210 is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the outer cover 11, the lower end of the air outlet pipe 213 is connected to the interior of the annular pipe 12, and the upper end of the air extraction pipe 214 is fixedly connected to the opening in the middle of the lower right side of the filter chamber 21.

[0034] Specifically, when the water pump 32 pumps the coolant from the cooling chamber 31 into the water chamber 34, the water flow drives the water wheel 35 to rotate, which in turn drives the pulley 113 and the impeller 211 to rotate via the connecting shaft 212. Air is drawn into the filter chamber 21 through the exhaust pipe 214, creating a negative pressure inside the filter chamber 21. This negative pressure is then created between the outer cover 11 and the inner cover 15 via the air inlet pipe 215, preventing the high-temperature toxic gases generated during welding from dissipating. After being filtered by the filter material 23, the gases are sent into the annular pipe 12 through the exhaust pipe 213 and sprayed out through the annular air outlet 13, forming an annular air curtain around the lower outer periphery of the gun head 4. Furthermore, due to the air outlet at the lower end of the exhaust pipe 14... With an angle tilted towards the nozzle 4, the air curtain, upon impacting the welding area, forms an upward airflow towards the center of the nozzle 4. This airflow carries high-temperature toxic gases into the space between the outer casing 11 and the inner casing 15. Simultaneously, the resulting annular air curtain creates a protective gas layer around the welding area after welding, preventing direct contact with air and thus avoiding severe oxidation. The water pump 32 drives the coolant, simultaneously rotating the water turbine 35 and the impeller 211. The extraction pipe 214 creates a negative pressure between the filter chamber 21, the outer casing 11, and the inner casing 15, actively capturing the high-temperature toxic gases generated during welding. This system prevents gases from scattering and polluting the workshop environment, thus protecting the health of operators. Toxic gases are filtered through filter roll 23 and then recycled, removing harmful components and metal dust to ensure clean circulating gas. This reduces pollutant emissions at the source, meeting green manufacturing standards. The filtered gas forms an annular air curtain through annular pipe 12 and annular outlet 13, eliminating the need for large amounts of fresh protective gas and significantly reducing welding consumable costs. The air curtain outlet is tilted towards the welding torch head 4, creating an upward and inward-facing airflow upon impact with the welding area. This airflow effectively traps residual toxic gases and returns them between the inner and outer covers, while also forming an air barrier around the welding torch, completely isolating it from external air, preventing molten pool oxidation, and reducing porosity and trapping. Defects such as slag are eliminated. The annular air curtain can still cover the welded area after welding, forming a local protective gas atmosphere to prevent the high-temperature weld from directly contacting the air during the cooling process, avoiding violent oxidation reaction, and ensuring the surface quality and mechanical properties of the weld after cooling. At the same time, pulley 213 drives pulley 528 to rotate through transmission belt 329, which in turn drives pulley 426 to rotate through gear reducer 27, and then drives pulley 324 to rotate through transmission belt 25. In turn, it drives the front collection roller 22 to rotate through the front spline shaft, collecting the filtered filter roll 23. The front spline shaft drives the collection roller 22 to rotate, realizing the automatic winding of the filter roll 23 and ensuring the filtration effect.

[0035] It should be noted that the welding platform adopts a multi-degree-of-freedom welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead as disclosed in CN222932101U, the torch head 4 adopts a plasma welding torch head as disclosed in CN201669504U, and the welding torch 6 is only the controller of the welding machine. It is still connected to the welding machine body, the pressure reducing valve of the protective gas compression tank, and the water pump of the coolant storage tank through the connecting pipeline 5. The welding machine body adopts a plasma welding machine as disclosed in CN220259832U. How the torch head 4 is connected... The connection between pipeline 5 and welding torch 6, and how welding torch 6 is connected to the welding machine body via pipeline 5, are existing technologies and will not be elaborated here. Filter roll 23 is a catalyst + activated carbon composite material, consisting of a substrate and a functional layer. The substrate is glass fiber felt, and the functional layer is a combination of activated carbon particles, manganese dioxide catalyst, and molecular sieve. The coolant stored in cooling chamber 31 is the same as the coolant circulating in torch head 4, which is ethylene glycol-based or propylene glycol-based + composite corrosion inhibitor + defoamer + dye. The composite corrosion inhibitor is a composite solvent of sodium silicate or benzotriazole mixed with water.

[0036] Working principle: First, the coal mining machine cutterhead to be welded is placed on the welding platform, and the lower end of the robotic arm 8 is installed on the upper end of the welding platform. After assembling the parts to be welded, the welding platform, robotic arm 8, and water pump 32 are started. The lower end of the welding torch 4 is moved to the welding position, and then the welding torch 6 is started. Welding shielding gas and tungsten needle of the torch 4 are supplied to the welding torch 4 through the connecting pipeline 5 to weld the parts to be welded. When the water pump 32 pumps the coolant in the cooling chamber 31 into the water chamber 34, the water flow drives the water wheel 35 to rotate, which in turn drives the pulley 113 and the fan wheel 211 to rotate through the connecting shaft 212. Air is drawn into the filter chamber 21 through the exhaust pipe 214, creating a negative pressure inside the filter chamber 21, thereby... The intake pipe 215 creates a negative pressure between the outer cover 11 and the inner cover 15, preventing the high-temperature toxic gases generated during welding from escaping. After being filtered by the filter roll 23, the gases are sent into the interior of the annular pipe 12 through the exhaust pipe 213 and ejected from the annular exhaust nozzle 13, forming an annular air curtain around the lower outer periphery of the gun head 4. Because the exhaust nozzle 14 has an angled outlet towards the gun head 4, the air curtain, upon impacting the welding area, creates an upward airflow towards the center of the gun head 4, carrying the high-temperature toxic gases into the space between the outer cover 11 and the inner cover 15. Simultaneously, the formed annular air curtain provides a protective gas layer around the welding area after welding, ensuring continued protection even after the welding process. To protect the welded material from direct contact with air and prevent severe oxidation, the coolant is driven by a water pump 32, which simultaneously rotates the water turbine 35 and the fan 211. A negative pressure is created between the filter chamber 21, the outer cover 11, and the inner cover 15 via the extraction pipe 214. This actively captures the high-temperature toxic gases generated during welding, preventing them from spreading and polluting the workshop environment and harming the health of operators. Furthermore, the toxic gases are filtered by the filter roll 23 and then recycled, removing harmful components and metal dust to ensure clean circulating gas. This reduces pollutant emissions at the source, meeting green manufacturing standards. The filtered gas forms an annular air curtain through the annular pipe 12 and the annular air outlet 13, eliminating the need for large amounts of fresh protective gas and significantly reducing welding consumable costs. The air curtain outlet is tilted towards the torch head 4, and after impacting the welding area, it forms an upward and inward-facing airflow. This airflow can both carry residual toxic gases back into the space between the inner and outer covers and form an air barrier around the welding torch, completely isolating it from external air, preventing oxidation of the molten pool, and reducing defects such as porosity and slag inclusions. The annular air curtain can still cover the welding area after welding, forming a local protective gas atmosphere to prevent the high-temperature weld from directly contacting the air during cooling, avoiding violent oxidation reactions, and ensuring the surface quality and mechanical properties of the weld after cooling. The water pump 32 pumps the coolant from the cooling chamber 31 into the water chamber 34 through the connecting water pipe 33, and then sends it into the heat exchange tube 37 through the outlet water pipe 36 to exchange heat and cool the high-temperature toxic gases. At the same time, a negative pressure is generated between the outer cover 11 and the inner cover 15.The cooled and filtered gas is collected from the air curtain through the lower exhaust nozzle 14 and sent between the outer cover 11 and the inner cover 15 to mix with the high-temperature toxic gas, further diluting the gas. Pulley 113 drives pulley 111 via drive belt 112, which in turn drives gear 19 via connecting rod 110, which in turn drives inner cover 15 via gear ring 18. The spiral plate 16 and arc-shaped baffle 17 on the outer periphery of inner cover 15 create turbulence between the outer cover 11 and inner cover 15, simultaneously improving heat exchange and dilution. Coolant enters heat exchange tube 37 through outlet pipe 36, directly exchanging heat with the high-temperature toxic gas, preventing damage to subsequent components such as filter media 23 and extending equipment lifespan. The cooled gas has lower viscosity and more stable flow, making it less prone to impurities adhering to pipelines during subsequent filtration and circulation processes, reducing the risk of equipment blockage and improving the continuity of gas treatment. Through double dilution of harmful gases, the diluted harmful gas components are more... Uniformity is ensured to prevent incomplete filtration due to excessively high local concentrations, guaranteeing that the final emitted or recirculated gas meets environmental standards and reducing pollution to the working environment. A pulley-driven mechanism rotates the inner cover 15, while the spiral plate 16 and arc-shaped baffle 17 force the mixed gas into turbulence, significantly increasing the contact area between the gas and the heat exchange tube 37, further reducing the gas temperature. This turbulence also breaks up gas stratification, allowing for more thorough mixing of clean recovered gas and high-temperature toxic gas, preventing uneven dilution and ensuring effective dilution of each gas component, providing better conditions for subsequent filtration. Simultaneously, pulley two 113 drives pulley five 28 via transmission belt three 29, which in turn drives pulley four 26 via gear reducer 27, which in turn drives pulley three 24 via transmission belt two 25. This, in turn, drives the front collection roller 22 via the front splined shaft, collecting the filtered filter roll 23. The front splined shaft then drives the collection roller 22 to automatically rewind the filter roll 23, ensuring effective filtration.

[0037] The above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention and should be covered within the scope of the claims of the invention.

Claims

1. A plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead, comprising a welding torch (4), a welding torch (6), and a robotic arm (8), characterized in that, The gun head (4) is connected to the welding gun (6) through the connecting pipeline (5). The outer periphery of the welding gun (6) is fixedly connected to the left end of the robotic arm (8). A protective mechanism (1) is provided on the outer periphery of the gun head (4). A mounting bracket (9) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the gun head (4). A filtering mechanism (2) is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the mounting bracket (9). A cooling mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the mounting bracket (9). A connecting bracket (7) is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the cooling mechanism (3). The upper right side of the connecting bracket (7) is fixedly connected to the left end of the welding gun (6). The cooling mechanism (3) includes a cooling chamber (31), a partition plate (39) is fixedly connected to the middle of the cooling chamber (31), a water pump (32) is fixedly connected to the lower rear side of the cooling chamber (31), a connecting water pipe (33) is fixedly connected to the upper water outlet of the water pump (32), a water tank (34) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting water pipe (33), a water wheel (35) is rotatably connected inside the water tank (34), a water outlet pipe (36) is fixedly connected to the front water outlet of the water tank (34), a heat exchange pipe (37) is fixedly connected to the left end of the water outlet pipe (36), and a return water pipe (38) is fixedly connected to the upper water outlet of the heat exchange pipe (37). The protective mechanism (1) includes an outer cover (11), an annular tube (12) is provided on the lower outer side of the outer cover (11), an annular air outlet (13) is fixedly connected to the lower inner circumference of the outer cover (11), and air extraction nozzles (14) are evenly distributed on the lower outer circumference of the outer cover (11). An inner cover (15) is rotatably connected to the inside of the outer cover (11) through a bearing. Spiral plates (16) are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the inner cover (15). Arc-shaped baffles (17) are evenly distributed on one side of the spiral plates (16). A toothed ring (18) is fixedly connected to the upper outer circumference of the inner cover (15). A gear (19) is meshed with the right side of the toothed ring (18). A connecting rod (110) is fixedly connected to the middle of the gear (19). A pulley (111) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod (110). A pulley (113) is connected to the pulley (111) through a transmission belt (112). The filtration mechanism (2) includes a filter chamber (21), a filter roll (23), a gear reducer (27), and an air chamber (210). The front and rear ends of the filter chamber (21) are rotatably connected to a collection roller (22) via a spline shaft. Both ends of the filter roll (23) are fixedly connected to the inside of the collection roller (22). The upper end of the spline shaft on the front side is fixedly connected to a pulley three (24). The pulley three (24) is connected to a pulley four (26) via a transmission belt two (25). The middle part of the pulley four (26) is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the output end of the gear reducer (27). The input end of the gear reducer (27) is also fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the gear reducer (27). A belt pulley five (28) is fixedly connected to the circumference. The belt pulley five (28) is connected to the belt pulley two (113) via a transmission belt three (29). A fan wheel (211) is rotatably connected inside the air chamber (210). A connecting shaft (212) is fixedly connected to the middle of the fan wheel (211). An air outlet pipe (213) is fixedly connected inside the air outlet end of the air chamber (210). An air extraction pipe (214) is fixedly connected inside the air inlet end of the air chamber (210). An air inlet pipe (215) is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper left side of the filter chamber (21). The left end of the air inlet pipe (215) is fixedly connected to the upper rear end of the outer cover (11).

2. The plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the return water pipe (38) is fixedly connected to the lower opening on the left front side of the cooling chamber (31), the lower end of the cooling chamber (31) is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the mounting bracket (9), and the left end of the water tank (34) is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the protective mechanism (1).

3. The plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner circumference of the annular tube (12) is connected to the inside of the annular air outlet (13). The inner circumference of the inner cover (15) is rotatably connected to the outer circumference of the gun head (4) through a bearing. The upper outer circumference of the gun head (4) is fixedly connected to the upper opening of the outer cover (11). The upper end of the suction nozzle (14) is connected to the inside of the outer cover (11).

4. The plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead according to claim 3, characterized in that, The middle part of the connecting rod (110) is rotatably connected to the upper right opening of the outer cover (11) via a bearing. The spiral plate (16) and the arc-shaped baffle (17) are both in contact with the inner side of the heat exchange tube (37) on the side away from the inner cover (15).

5. The plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead according to claim 4, characterized in that, The middle part of the second pulley (113) is fixedly connected to the upper outer periphery of the connecting shaft (212), the middle part of the water wheel (35) is fixedly connected to the upper outer periphery of the connecting shaft (212), and the middle part of the connecting shaft (212) is rotatably connected to the inside of the right side of the outer cover (11).

6. The plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead according to claim 5, characterized in that, The middle part of the filter roll (23) is slidably connected to the inner middle part of the filter chamber (21), the upper end of the filter chamber (21) is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the mounting frame (9), and the lower end of the gear reducer (27) is fixedly connected to the upper rear side of the filter chamber (21).

7. The plasma welding fixture for a coal mining machine cutterhead according to claim 5, characterized in that, The left end of the air chamber (210) is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the outer cover (11), the lower end of the air outlet pipe (213) is connected to the interior of the annular pipe (12), and the upper end of the air extraction pipe (214) is fixedly connected to the opening in the middle of the lower right side of the filter chamber (21).

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