Three-dimensional laser engineering survey scanner based on unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing image sensing access and method of using same

Abstract

The application relates to the field of engineering surveying, in particular to a three-dimensional laser engineering surveying scanner based on unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing image sensing access and a use method thereof, which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a bearing plate arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and fixed plates arranged in a symmetrical mode on the bearing plate; a supporting assembly arranged on the fixed plate and connected with a scanner body; a vibration suppression mechanism arranged on the bearing plate and connected with the supporting assembly; and a bidirectional damping mechanism arranged on the bearing plate and connected with the supporting assembly. Through cooperation of the vibration suppression mechanism and the bidirectional damping mechanism, different vibrations can be suppressed or rigidly supported when the scanner body is subjected to low-frequency large-amplitude vibration or high-frequency small-amplitude vibration caused by wind force or body vibration, so that the accuracy of measurement of the scanner body is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering surveying technology, specifically a three-dimensional laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of 3D laser scanning technology in engineering surveying, UAVs equipped with 3D laser scanners have become an important technical means in fields such as topographic mapping, building monitoring, and power line inspection. The UAV platform provides the scanner with an aerial view and flexible mobility, greatly expanding the measurement range and work efficiency. However, during flight, UAVs are inevitably affected by wind, motor vibration, and inertial forces generated by maneuvering. These external excitations are transmitted to the scanner body through the supporting structure, causing complex vibrations. The scanner's vibration directly affects the pointing accuracy of the laser beam and the quality of point cloud data acquisition; in severe cases, it can even distort the measurement data, failing to meet the measurement requirements of high-precision engineering projects.

[0003] Currently, the vibration reduction method of UAV-borne scanners is mainly rigid connection. However, although rigid connection has a simple structure, it cannot effectively isolate vibration. Instead, it will directly transmit the high-frequency vibration of the UAV to the scanner, which will seriously affect the measurement accuracy.

[0004] Passive damping methods can be used to address this, employing elastic elements such as rubber damping balls or springs for vibration isolation. However, while these methods can alleviate high-frequency vibrations to some extent, their damping characteristics are fixed and cannot simultaneously address the suppression requirements of both high-frequency, small-amplitude vibrations and low-frequency, large-amplitude oscillations. For high-frequency vibrations, the system needs high damping characteristics to quickly dissipate energy; while for low-frequency oscillations, the system needs to provide sufficient rigid support to prevent resonance and excessive displacement. Existing single-characteristic damping devices struggle to provide optimal damping effects across a wide frequency range, often compromising on one aspect while neglecting others, thus limiting the measurement accuracy and stability of airborne scanners in complex flight environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-dimensional laser engineering measurement scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access and its usage method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A 3D laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image access includes: The drone body, and the support plate set on the drone body, with symmetrically arranged fixing plates on the support plate; Also includes: A support assembly is disposed on the fixed plate, and the scanner body is connected to the support assembly; A vibration suppression mechanism is disposed on the bearing plate and connected to the support assembly. The bearing plate is also provided with a bidirectional damping mechanism connected to the support assembly. When the support assembly and the scanner body generate high-frequency, low-amplitude vibrations, the vibration suppression mechanism performs a suppression and reset action on the support assembly. When the support assembly and the scanner body generate low-frequency, high-amplitude vibrations, the bidirectional damping mechanism provides rigid support force to the support assembly.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the support assembly includes a support rod disposed on the fixed plate, the support rod having a sliding sleeve that slides axially, the sliding sleeve having a support column disposed on its side wall, and the end of the support column having a receiving plate that is fixedly connected to the scanner body.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the vibration suppression mechanism includes a rotating rod rotatably mounted on the bearing plate, a guide groove is formed on the outer circumferential wall of the rotating rod, a movable sleeve is axially slidable on the rotating rod, and a limiting block is provided on the inner wall of the movable sleeve to slide and engage with the guide groove; It also includes a limiting component and a guiding component disposed on the support plate for performing a limiting action on the sliding sleeve.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the limiting component includes a limiting plate disposed at the end of the rotating rod, a limiting groove is formed on the limiting plate, and a protrusion is provided on the side wall of the sliding sleeve to slide and engage with the limiting groove.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the guiding assembly includes guide columns disposed on the support plate and arranged symmetrically, the guide columns having a guide plate slidably connected to the movable sleeve along their axial direction, the guide plate being slidably connected to the rotating rod, and a second spring being sleeved on the rotating rod, the two ends of the second spring abutting against the guide plate and the support plate respectively.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the guide groove includes a first spiral groove, a second spiral groove, and an annular groove arranged symmetrically, and the ends of the first spiral groove, the second spiral groove, and the annular groove are connected to each other in sequence.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the bidirectional shock absorption mechanism includes a guide rail disposed on the bearing plate, a sliding block sliding radially disposed on the guide rail, and a movable plate disposed on the sliding block; It also includes an elastic component and a guide component disposed on the support rod and connected to the movable plate.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the elastic component includes a first movable ring and a second movable ring that slide along the axial direction of the support rod, the second movable ring abutting against the sliding sleeve, and a first spring is sleeved on the support rod, with the two ends of the first spring abutting against the first movable ring and the second movable ring respectively.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the guiding component includes a first inclined groove and a second inclined groove formed on the movable plate, a first limiting post is provided on the first movable ring to slide and engage with the first inclined groove, and a second limiting post is provided on the second movable ring to slide and engage with the first inclined groove.

[0015] A method for using a 3D laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image access includes the following steps: Step 1: The drone propels the scanner to the required altitude to perform laser engineering measurements; Step 2: Under the action of the vibration suppression mechanism, the position of the scanner body is locked by the support assembly; Step 3: When the scanner body vibrates at a high frequency and a small amplitude due to wind or the vibration of the drone body, the vibration suppression mechanism performs vibration suppression and reset actions on the scanner body through the support components. Step 4: When the scanner body experiences low-frequency, large-amplitude vibrations, the bidirectional damping mechanism and vibration suppression mechanism work together to provide rigid support for the scanner body through the support components.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention enables the vibration suppression mechanism to convert vibration energy into the elastic potential energy of the second spring and the frictional energy of the mechanism during high-frequency, low-amplitude vibrations. This is achieved through the passive rotation of the rotating rod and the cooperation between the limiting block and the guide groove, exhibiting high damping characteristics. This allows for the rapid suppression of minor swaying and ensures the instantaneous stability of the data. During low-frequency, high-amplitude vibrations, the bidirectional damping mechanism is triggered, and the pre-compressed first spring is bidirectionally compressed, generating a non-linearly increasing rigid support force. This rapidly suppresses large swaying and prevents excessive displacement of the scanner body.

[0017] The pre-compressed second spring, along with the cooperation of the limiting block and the guide groove, provides a stable circumferential locking force to the scanner body, ensuring its position remains locked even without vibration or minor disturbances, equivalent to the stability of a rigid connection. The corresponding damping mechanism is only triggered when vibration reaches a certain amplitude, ensuring both reference stability and effective vibration isolation and suppression. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a 3D laser engineering measurement scanner based on UAV remote sensing image access.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 3D laser engineering measurement scanner based on UAV remote sensing image access from another angle in one embodiment.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure from the bottom view of the UAV body in one embodiment of a 3D laser engineering measurement scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the bidirectional damping mechanism, the vibration suppression mechanism, and the scanner body in one embodiment of a 3D laser engineering measurement scanner based on UAV remote sensing image access.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support components, bidirectional damping mechanism, and vibration suppression mechanism in one embodiment of a 3D laser engineering measurement scanner based on UAV remote sensing image access.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of some bidirectional damping mechanisms and support components in one embodiment of a 3D laser engineering measurement scanner based on UAV remote sensing image access.

[0025] Figure 8 This is an exploded structural diagram of a portion of the bidirectional damping mechanism in one embodiment of a 3D laser engineering measurement scanner based on UAV remote sensing image access.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration suppression mechanism in one embodiment of a 3D laser engineering measurement scanner based on UAV remote sensing image access.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a portion of the vibration suppression mechanism in one embodiment of a 3D laser engineering measurement scanner based on UAV remote sensing image access.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. UAV body; 2. Bearing plate; 3. Fixing plate; 4. Support rod; 5. Sliding sleeve; 6. Support column; 7. Receiving plate; 8. Scanner body; 9. Protruding column; 10. Guide rail; 11. Sliding block; 12. Movable plate; 1201. First inclined groove; 1202. Second inclined groove; 13. First movable ring; 1301. First limiting post; 14. Second movable ring; 1401. Second limiting post; 15. First spring; 16. Rotating rod; 1601. First spiral groove; 1602. Second spiral groove; 1603. Annular groove; 17. Movable sleeve; 1701. Limiting block; 18. Guide plate; 19. Guide post; 20. Second spring; 21. Limiting plate; 2101. Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Furthermore, elements in this invention are referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, which may be directly on the other element or may also include an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or may also include an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-10 In this embodiment of the invention, a three-dimensional laser engineering measurement scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access includes: The drone body 1, and the support plate 2 set on the drone body 1, and the support plate 2 is provided with fixed plates 3 arranged symmetrically; Also includes: A support assembly is disposed on the fixed plate 3, and a scanner body 8 is connected to the support assembly; A vibration suppression mechanism is provided on the support plate 2 and connected to the support assembly. The support plate 2 is also provided with a bidirectional damping mechanism connected to the support assembly. When the support assembly and the scanner body 8 generate high-frequency, low-amplitude vibrations, the vibration suppression mechanism performs a suppression and reset action on the support assembly. When the support assembly and the scanner body 8 generate low-frequency, high-amplitude vibrations, the bidirectional damping mechanism provides rigid support force to the support assembly.

[0032] Specifically, to ensure measurement accuracy and range, the scanner body 8 is typically mounted on the drone body 1. The drone body 1 elevates the scanner body 8's field of view from the ground to the air, enabling precise measurements of a wide area. However, when the drone body 1 is in flight or in strong winds, the scanner body 8 will be affected and vibrate, leading to reduced scanning accuracy. Therefore, vibration damping is necessary for the scanner body 8. When the drone body 1 is in flight, the vibration suppression mechanism, through support components, provides a certain locking force to the scanner body 8, preventing it from easily shaking. If the drone body 1 is turning or the wind force acting on the scanner body 8 is too strong, the scanner body 8 will overcome the locking force provided by the vibration suppression mechanism through the support component, and thus shake. This shaking is usually a high-frequency small-amplitude vibration or a low-frequency large-amplitude vibration. If it is a high-frequency small-amplitude vibration, the vibration suppression mechanism can effectively suppress the vibration and control the scanner body 8 to quickly reset. If it is a low-frequency large-amplitude vibration, the vibration suppression mechanism, together with the bidirectional damping mechanism, provides the scanner body 8 with strong rigid support and rapid reset force through the support component, thereby reducing the impact of vibration on the measurement accuracy of the scanner body 8.

[0033] The support assembly includes a support rod 4 disposed on the fixed plate 3, a sliding sleeve 5 that slides axially on the support rod 4, a support column 6 disposed on the side wall of the sliding sleeve 5, and a receiving plate 7 disposed at the end of the support column 6 that is fixedly connected to the scanner body 8.

[0034] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 The vibration suppression mechanism includes a rotating rod 16 rotatably mounted on the bearing plate 2. A guide groove is formed on the outer circumferential wall of the rotating rod 16. A movable sleeve 17 slides axially on the rotating rod 16. A limiting block 1701 is provided on the inner wall of the movable sleeve 17, which slides into the guide groove. The mechanism also includes a limiting component and a guiding component disposed on the bearing plate 2 for limiting the sliding sleeve 5. The limiting component includes a limiting plate 21 disposed at the end of the rotating rod 16. A limiting groove 2101 is formed on the upper part of the sliding sleeve 5. A protruding post 9 is provided on the side wall of the sliding sleeve 5 to slide and fit into the limiting groove 2101. The guide assembly includes guide posts 19 arranged symmetrically on the bearing plate 2. A guide plate 18 is axially slidably connected to the movable sleeve 17. The guide plate 18 is slidably connected to the rotating rod 16. A second spring 20 is sleeved on the rotating rod 16. The two ends of the second spring 20 abut against the guide plate 18 and the bearing plate 2, respectively.

[0035] Please see Figure 10 The guide groove includes a first spiral groove 1601, a second spiral groove 1602, and an annular groove 1603 arranged symmetrically, and the ends of the first spiral groove 1601, the second spiral groove 1602, and the annular groove 1603 are connected to each other in sequence.

[0036] Please see Figure 6 In detail, the first spiral groove 1601 and the second spiral groove 1602 are symmetrically arranged and combined to form a V-shaped groove. In the initial state, the guide plate 18 and the movable sleeve 17 are located at the end of the stroke away from the bearing plate 2, so that the limiting block 1701 is located at the connection position of the first spiral groove 1601 and the second spiral groove 1602. At this time, the distance between the guide plate 18 and the bearing plate 2 is the largest, and the elongation of the second spring 20 in its natural state is greater than the maximum distance between the guide plate 18 and the bearing plate 2. Therefore, the second spring 20 is in a pre-compressed state and always provides the guide plate 18 with a thrust in the direction away from the bearing plate 2. Under the action of this thrust, through the cooperation of the limiting block 1701, the first spiral groove 1601 and the second spiral groove 1602, a circumferential locking force is provided to the rotating rod 16, so that the angle of the rotating rod 16 is locked.

[0037] In this state, the limiting plate 21 and the support rod 4 are perpendicular. With the cooperation of the limiting groove 2101 and the protrusion 9, the sliding sleeve 5 is located at the center of the support rod 4, so that the position of the scanner body 8 is locked.

[0038] When engineering measurements are required, the UAV body 1 controls the scanner body 8 to fly to the required altitude. The scanner body 8 will be affected by the wind and tend to sway. The second spring 20 will always provide locking force to the rotating rod 16 through the limit block 1701, the first spiral groove 1601, and the second spiral groove 1602. As a result, the scanner body 8 will not sway. If the UAV body 1 makes a rapid turn, the scanner body 8 will be subjected to the combined effects of inertia and wind force. At this time, the scanner body 8 may shake. This shaking is of two types: one is high-frequency small-amplitude vibration, and the other is low-frequency large-amplitude vibration. If high-frequency small-amplitude vibration occurs, the scanner body 8 will control the sliding sleeve 5 to slide back and forth along the axis of the support rod 4 through the receiving plate 7 and the support column 6. Under the action of the sliding sleeve 5, the movement of the limiting plate 21 is controlled by the protrusion 9 and the limiting groove 2101, which in turn drives the rotating rod 16 to rotate, thereby driving the guide groove to move. Please see Figure 6Regardless of whether the rotating rod 16 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the limiting block 1701 will enter the corresponding first spiral groove 1601 or second spiral groove 1602 relative to the rotating rod 16. This will cause the guide plate 18 to slide along the axial direction of the guide post 19 through the movable sleeve 17. The guide plate 18 and the guide post 19 have a guiding function, which can ensure that the movable sleeve 17 will not rotate with the rotating rod 16. Under the action of the guide plate 18, the second spring 20 is compressed, so that the restoring force on the rotating rod 16 gradually increases until the restoring force exceeds the shaking force on the scanner body 8. The second spring 20 is released elastically and pushes the movable sleeve 17 toward the initial position through the guide plate 18, so that the limiting block 1701 returns to the connection position of the first spiral groove 1601 and the second spiral groove 1602. In this way, the restoring force provided by the second spring 20 can offset the high-frequency small-amplitude vibration energy of the scanner body 8 and convert it into the elastic potential energy of the second spring 20 and the frictional energy consumption of the mechanism movement, thereby achieving active damping suppression of high-frequency small-amplitude vibration.

[0039] Please see Figures 3-8 The bidirectional damping mechanism includes a guide rail 10 mounted on the support plate 2, a sliding block 11 that slides radially on the guide rail 10, and a movable plate 12 mounted on the sliding block 11; it also includes an elastic component and a guide component mounted on the support rod 4 and connected to the movable plate 12. The elastic component includes a first movable ring 13 and a second movable ring 14 that slide axially along the support rod 4. The second movable ring 14 abuts against the sliding sleeve 5. A first spring 15 is mounted on the support rod 4, and the two ends of the first spring 15 abut against the first movable ring 13 and the second movable ring 14, respectively. The guide component includes a first inclined groove 1201 and a second inclined groove 1202 formed on the movable plate 12. A first limiting post 1301 that slides into the first inclined groove 1201 is mounted on the first movable ring 13, and a second limiting post 1401 that slides into the second inclined groove 1202 is mounted on the second movable ring 14.

[0040] Please see Figure 7Furthermore, a buffer pad is installed on the side of the second movable ring 14 facing the sliding sleeve 5 to prevent the sliding sleeve 5 from having a hard collision with the second movable ring 14. In the initial state, the distance between the first movable ring 13 and the second movable ring 14 is the largest, and the second movable ring 14 is separated from the sliding sleeve 5. Under the action of the first movable ring 13 and the second movable ring 14, the first limiting post 1301 is located at the end of the stroke of the first inclined groove 1201 away from the second inclined groove 1202, and the second limiting post 1401 is located at the end of the stroke of the second inclined groove 1202 away from the first inclined groove 1201. The elongation of the first spring 15 in its natural state is greater than the maximum distance between the first movable ring 13 and the second movable ring 14. Therefore, the first spring 15 is in a pre-compressed state and always provides a thrust to the first movable ring 13 and the second movable ring 14 to move away from each other.

[0041] When the scanner body 8 is subjected to strong inertial force or continuous wind force, and low-frequency large-amplitude vibration occurs, the displacement amplitude of the sliding sleeve 5 increases. Through the cooperation of the protrusion 9 and the limiting groove 2101, the limiting plate 21 is driven and the rotating rod 16 is eventually rotated at a large angle. At this time, the limiting block 1701 will continue to slide along the first spiral groove 1601 or the second spiral groove 1602, thereby strongly compressing the second spring 20, making the damping of the rotating rod 16 greater, that is, the second spring 20 provides a greater restoring force to the rotating rod 16. Please see Figure 7 As the sliding sleeve 5 continues to move, regardless of whether it slides towards the left or right side of the second movable ring 14, when the sliding sleeve 5 abuts against the second movable ring 14, it pushes the second movable ring 14 towards the first movable ring 13. The second movable ring 14 will control the movement of the movable plate 12 through the second limiting post 1401 and the second inclined groove 1202, causing the sliding block 11 to slide radially along the guide rail 10. The movable plate 12 will also drive the first inclined groove 1201 to move, and at the first limiting post 130... Under the action of 1, the first movable ring 13 moves toward the direction of the second movable ring 14. Therefore, the first spring 15 will be compressed by the bidirectional compression of the first movable ring 13 and the second movable ring 14 to quickly increase the elastic potential energy of the first spring 15 and provide effective rigid support to the sliding sleeve 5 through the second movable ring 14. When the rigid support force provided by the first spring 15 and the reset force provided by the second spring 20 exceed the shaking force of the scanner body 8, the displacement of the scanner body 8 is effectively limited and its low-frequency large-amplitude swing is quickly suppressed. The bidirectional damping mechanism and the vibration suppression mechanism begin to reset in coordination. That is, the first spring 15 releases elastic potential energy, pushing the first movable ring 13 and the second movable ring 14 away from each other. Under the action of the first limiting post 1301 and the second limiting post 1401, the movable plate 12 is reset through the first inclined groove 1201 and the second inclined groove 1202, while the second movable ring 14 pushes the sliding sleeve 5 back to the center position through the buffer pad. At the same time, the second spring 20 pushes the guide plate 18 and the movable sleeve 17 to move in the opposite direction, forcing the limiting block 1701 to slide back to the initial position along the first spiral groove 1601 or the second spiral groove 1602, and driving the rotating rod 16 to rotate. Then, through the cooperation of the limiting plate 21 and the protrusion 9, the sliding sleeve 5 is guided back to the initial position. Preferably, the vibration suppression mechanism and the bidirectional damping mechanism work together to effectively suppress broadband vibrations. Specifically, during high-frequency, low-amplitude vibrations, the passive rotation of the rotating rod 16 and the cooperation between the limiting block 1701 and the guide groove adjust the elastic potential energy of the second spring 20 to convert vibration energy into elastic potential energy and frictional energy, thereby achieving high damping characteristics. During low-frequency, high-amplitude vibrations, the bidirectional compression of the first spring 15 generates a non-linearly increasing rigid support force, which quickly suppresses the swaying, thus ensuring accurate, effective, and stable engineering measurements of the scanner body 8.

[0042] A method for using a 3D laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image access includes the following steps: Step 1: The UAV body 1 drives the scanner body 8 to the required altitude to perform laser engineering measurements; Step 2: Under the action of the vibration suppression mechanism, the position of the scanner body 8 is locked by the support assembly; Step 3: When the scanner body 8 experiences high-frequency, low-amplitude vibration due to wind or the vibration of the drone body 1, the vibration suppression mechanism performs vibration suppression and reset actions on the scanner body 8 through the support components. Step 4: When the scanner body experiences low-frequency, large-amplitude vibration, the bidirectional damping mechanism and vibration suppression mechanism work together to provide rigid support for the scanner body 8 through the support components.

[0043] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0044] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access, comprising: The drone body, and the support plate set on the drone body, with symmetrically arranged fixing plates on the support plate; Its characteristic is that it further includes: A support assembly is disposed on the fixed plate, and the scanner body is connected to the support assembly; A vibration suppression mechanism is disposed on the support plate and connected to the support assembly. The support plate is also provided with a bidirectional damping mechanism connected to the support assembly. When the support assembly and the scanner body generate high-frequency, low-amplitude vibrations, the vibration suppression mechanism performs a suppression and reset action on the support assembly. When the support assembly and the scanner body generate low-frequency, high-amplitude vibrations, the bidirectional damping mechanism provides rigid support force to the support assembly. The support assembly includes a support rod disposed on the fixed plate, a sliding sleeve that slides axially on the support rod, a support column disposed on the side wall of the sliding sleeve, and a receiving plate that is fixedly connected to the scanner body at the end of the support column. The vibration suppression mechanism includes a rotating rod rotatably mounted on the bearing plate. A guide groove is formed on the outer circumferential wall of the rotating rod. A movable sleeve slides axially on the rotating rod. A limiting block is provided on the inner wall of the movable sleeve, which slides and engages with the guide groove. It also includes a limiting component and a guiding component disposed on the support plate for performing a limiting action on the sliding sleeve.

2. The three-dimensional laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting assembly includes a limiting plate disposed at the end of the rotating rod, a limiting groove is formed on the limiting plate, and a protrusion is provided on the side wall of the sliding sleeve to slide and engage with the limiting groove.

3. A three-dimensional laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The guiding assembly includes guide columns disposed on the support plate and arranged symmetrically. The guide columns have a guide plate that is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve and slides axially. The guide plate is slidably connected to the rotating rod. A second spring is sleeved on the rotating rod, and the two ends of the second spring abut against the guide plate and the support plate, respectively.

4. A three-dimensional laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The guide groove includes a first spiral groove, a second spiral groove, and an annular groove arranged symmetrically, with the ends of the first spiral groove, the second spiral groove, and the annular groove connected to each other in sequence.

5. A three-dimensional laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional shock absorption mechanism includes a guide rail mounted on the bearing plate, a sliding block that slides radially on the guide rail, and a movable plate mounted on the sliding block; It also includes an elastic component and a guide component disposed on the support rod and connected to the movable plate.

6. A three-dimensional laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic component includes a first movable ring and a second movable ring that slide along the axial direction of the support rod. The second movable ring abuts against the sliding sleeve. A first spring is sleeved on the support rod, and the two ends of the first spring abut against the first movable ring and the second movable ring, respectively.

7. A three-dimensional laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The guiding component includes a first inclined groove and a second inclined groove formed on the movable plate. A first limiting post is provided on the first movable ring to slide and engage with the first inclined groove, and a second limiting post is provided on the second movable ring to slide and engage with the first inclined groove.

8. A method for using a three-dimensional laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access, comprising the three-dimensional laser engineering surveying scanner based on UAV remote sensing image sensing access as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The drone propels the scanner to the required altitude to perform laser engineering measurements; Step 2: Under the action of the vibration suppression mechanism, the position of the scanner body is locked by the support assembly; Step 3: When the scanner body vibrates at a high frequency and a small amplitude due to wind or the vibration of the drone body, the vibration suppression mechanism performs vibration suppression and reset actions on the scanner body through the support components. Step 4: When the scanner body experiences low-frequency, large-amplitude vibrations, the bidirectional damping mechanism and vibration suppression mechanism work together to provide rigid support for the scanner body through the support components.

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